Izifundo zokunakekela: ukukhetha isibani sama-orchid. Ungahlela kanjani ukukhanya kwangemuva futhi ufake amadivayisi ekhaya

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Ukukhanyisa kudlala indima ebalulekile kunoma yisiphi isitshalo - kunikeza amandla okukhula nokuqhakaza. Kepha akuzona zonke izimbali ezinenhlanhla elinganayo yokuba sefasiteleni ngefasitela elikhulu, elibheke eningizimu.

Kuba nenhlanhla enkulu lapho ukukhanya kungafihliwe ngezinye izindlu noma izihlahla. Ngakho-ke, abalimi bezimbali abanakekelayo ekugcineni bacabanga ngokukhanyisa okwengeziwe. Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma ngokuthi kungani udinga ukukhanya okuhle kwe-orchid nokuthi uhlela kanjani ukukhanyisa kwalesi sitshalo.

Yenzelwe ini?

Okokuqala, ake sinqume ukuthi kungani izitshalo zidinga ukukhanya. I-photosynthesis ivela ngaphakathi kwamaqabunga aluhlaza e-orchid, enziwa ngombala oluhlaza - i-chlorophyll. Imunca ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu ohlangothini lwe-solar, isebenzisa i-chlorophyll A no-B.

I-Chlorophyll B ibamba ukukhanya kwelanga - amagagasi abomvu amade ku-642 nm. futhi okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okufushane ku-453 nm. IChlorophyll A iyabandakanyeka ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla atholakele kumaza abomvu amade angama-662 nm. nama-blues amafushane kusuka ku-410 kuye ku-430 nm. Ukumuncwa kokukhanya akufani usuku lonke - ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kumuncwa cishe usuku lonke, futhi ukukhanya okubomvu kufakwa ekuseni nakusihlwa. Ebusika noma efulethini elingakhanyi kahle, lolu hlobo lokukhanyisa cishe akunakwenzeka ukulufeza. Ngakho-ke, izibani ziyisidingo sama-orchid akhule ekhaya.

Okubalulekile! Lapho ukhetha isibani se-orchid, qiniseka ukuthi kukhona ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokubomvu kuyo.

Okubomvu kusiza ukuqhakaza, futhi okwesibhakabhaka kusiza ukwakha isisindo esinqumayo, kepha ukukhanya okuhlangene kuphela kuzoholela ekukhuleni okuhambisanayo kwembali. Sizokhuluma ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi yini ama-phytolamp adingekayo kuma-orchid nokuthi ungawakhetha kanjani esigabeni esihambisanayo.

Imbali idinga ngezikhathi ezehlukene zonyaka

Ama-orchid amaningi adinga ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe kusuka ngo-Okthoba kuya kuMashi, sonke isikhathi, ukukhanya kwemvelo kufanele kube ngokwanele. Uma amawindi ebheke enyakatho, amalambu angadingeka kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba.

Ngentwasahlobo nasekwindla, amalambu angavulwa hhayi usuku lonke, kepha njengokukhanyisa okungeziwe kusihlwa.

Isikhathi esiphelele samahora emini se-orchid - yemvelo noma yokwenziwa, akufanele sibe sifushane kunamahora ayi-10, kodwa futhi singabi ngaphezu kwamahora ayi-12-14.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-orchid zidinga ukukhanya okuhlukile... Ungawahlukanisa ngesimo samaqabunga. Okuthanda ukukhanya kakhulu - ngamaqabunga amancane, angama-cylindrical noma ama-xiphoid. Akufuneki kangako - ngama-pseudobulbs namaqabunga aqinile, aminyene anesikhumba.

Ukukhanya okulingene kuzokwanela ama-orchid anama-pseudobulbs namaqabunga amancane esikhumba. Izitshalo ezifuna kakhulu zingenawo ama-pseudobulbs anamaqabunga abanzi esikhumba noma athambile futhi athambile. Ama-orchid yizimbali eziguquguqukayo. Uma kungekho ukukhanya okwanele, zizoqhakaza namanje.

Ukunakwa! Ukweqa ngokweqile ngokukhanya kubi njengokungakhanyisi. Lesi sitshalo ngeke sithathe okungaphezu kwalokho esikudingayo, futhi amandla amaningi angaholela ekushiseni ngokweqile nasekufeni.

Ngeminye imininingwane yokuthi ilanga noma ukukhanya okungakanani okudingwa i-orchid ekhaya, siphakamisa ukuthi kufundwe kwesinye isihloko.

Indlela ukuhlela kwasemuva?

Kudingeka nini?

Kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuMashi, wonke ama-orchid adinga ukukhanyiswa kungakhathalekile ukuthi amawindi akuphi. Kutholakala ohlangothini olusenyakatho - cishe unyaka wonke. Ezinhlangothini ezisempumalanga nasentshonalanga, kusihlwa, ukukhanya okuncane okwengeziwe kuyadingeka entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Izitshalo ezibuthakathaka nazo zingakhanyiswa ngokwengeziwe.

Ungayikhetha kanjani idivayisi?

Kunenani elikhulu lamalambu emakethe. Okulandelayo kufanele ama-orchid akhulayo:

Izibani zokonga amandla ezikhethekilekukhiqizwa ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nobomvu. Abakhiqizi baqinisekisa ukuthi kuphela u-20% wamandla oguqulwa ube ukushisa ngedivayisi, kepha akufanele abekwe eduze kwamaqabunga. Ibanga elincane ngu-3 cm.
Izibani ze-Fluorescent... Ngosizo lwamagesi afana ne-mercury, akhiqiza ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet, okubonakala ngokumboza isibani nge-phosphor. Ama-orchid, i-shades 33 ne-840 ifanelekile.
Izibani ze-metal halide, ezibizwa nangokuthi amalambu e-HID... Lawa madivayisi angaba yinoma yikuphi ukwakheka, kukhona namamodeli akhethekile ezitshalo ezikhulayo.
Izibani zokukhipha iMercury sebenza ngendlela efanayo neye-fluorescent, kodwa ube nokumaka okuhlukile. Khetha labo okushisa kwabo okukhanyayo kubanga kusuka ku-3.200 kuye ku-200 K.
Izibani eziholelekile, kungenjalo ziholelwekubhekwa njengokufanelekile kwe-floriculture. Ezitolo, ungathola amamodeli ahlanganisiwe anombala obomvu noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngesilinganiso esingu-8/1 noma u-5/1 obomvu noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Manje yisiphi isibani esihle kakhulu sokukhanyisa ama-orchid?

Ama-phytolamp akhethekile akhipha ukukhanya ngobuningi obufunwayo nakuma-wavelengths alungile. Okuthandwa kakhulu yi-fluorescent ne-LED... Lezi izinketho ezingcono kakhulu kubo bobabili abayizimfundamakhwela nabanama-florist abanolwazi. Uma usaqala ngokuphelele, ungathenga isibani esivamile sokonga ugesi, kepha akufanele ulindele umphumela okhethekile kuso, ngakho-ke kusengcono ukufaka ilambu elingabizi eliholwa.

Uma uyimfundamakhwela futhi unembali eyodwa noma ezimbili kuphela, akufanele usebenzise imali ngezidladla ezikhethekile, konga amandla impela. Futhi ukugcina inani elikhulu lama-orchid exotic, udinga ukukhanyisa kochwepheshe.

Imiphi imisebe okufanele ibe yiyo?

Ukukhanya okunamaza amade abomvu futhi amafushane aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuncanyelwa ama-orchid... Udinga ukuthenga isibani esisodwa esihlanganisa yomibili le mibala, noma ehlukile - ebomvu neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Esimweni sesibili, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuvuleka usuku lonke, futhi okubomvu - kusihlwa.

Ukufaka

Kunezinketho eziningi zokukhanyisa ama-orchid:

Kwi-windows sill encane, isibani sehhovisi esinezikulufu noma i-clothespin kufanelekile.
Ukuze uthole ama-orchid aphansi ayishumi, amalambu acwebezelayo we-fluorescent atholakala ngaphezu kwamahlamvu afanelekile (cishe i-photosynthesis ayikho ezimbali, asikho isidingo sokukhanyisa). Ungazilungisa ngaphansi kweshalofu le-rack noma kwi-crossbar yewindi.
Inkomba! Izinhlobo zokuqala nezesibili zamalambu zihlanganiswe kangcono nezibonakalisi - ngale ndlela ukukhanya okuningi kuzothola ezimbalini. Ngale njongo, ungasebenzisi hhayi kuphela izibonakaliso ezikhethekile, kodwa futhi nesibuko esijwayelekile.
Uma unengadi yasebusika, uzodinga ukukhanyisa okuphezulu kwekhwalithi ngamalambu wokukhipha igesi okungenani amandla angu-250 W.

Okulandelayo ividiyo ebonakalayo mayelana nokukhanyisa i-orchid isebenzisa amalambu elengayo:

Isikhathi

Ama-orchid ajwayele amahora amade emini, ngokwesilinganiso kufika emahoreni ayi-12. Izindinganiso ezithile zokukhanyisa zizimele futhi zincike enhlobonhlobo ye-orchid. Isikhathi esinqunyiwe isikhathi esingamahora ayi-10, esiphezulu kuba ngu-16.

Umphumela esitshalweni

Ukusetha kahle ukukhanyisa kunomphumela omuhle esitshalweni, kubangele ukukhula kobukhulu obuluhlaza nokukhula kwezimbali. Ebusika, ukukhanya okufakelwayo kuzovimba ukuthi isitshalo singangeni esimweni sokulala, okuzokwenza ukuthi siqhakaze kaningi.

Amaphutha nemiphumela yawo

Umlimi ongenalwazi angenza amaphutha anjalo lapho ekhanyisa izitshalo.:

Khetha isibani sesibani esingalungile. Ngobuningi obomvu nokungabikho okwesibhakabhaka, i-orchid izoqhakaza kakhulu, kepha i-peduncle ikhula ibe mncane kakhulu futhi ingahle iphuke. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuphela okuzokwenza ingxenye eluhlaza ibe namandla, kepha i-orchid ngeke iqhume.
Ukukhanya okweqile kungadala ukuthi amaqabunga abe bomvu kancane. Ehlobo, lokhu ngeke kulimaze kakhulu, futhi ebusika isitshalo singafa.
Ukuntuleka kokukhanya kubonakala emaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza anombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kuyilapho eba ntofontofo futhi abune. Esimweni esinjalo, i-orchid ayisoze yaqhakaza, futhi ngokukhanya okude isikhathi eside, iyafa.

Imithetho ejwayelekile yokunakekelwa

Ama-orchid ayizimbali ezintekenteke ezidinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela... Uma ufuna ukuthi imbali yakho ikhule ngamandla, landela le mithetho:

Umswakama ophezulu unikezwa egumbini ukuze isitshalo singomi.
Yenza inhlabathi ingabi minyene kakhulu, umoya kufanele ugelezele ezimpandeni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-orchid ayithandi okusalungiswa.
Okunye ukunisela isitshalo ngenkathi i-substrate yomile ngokuphelele.
Izinga lokushisa ekamelweni akufanele likhuphuke ngaphezu kuka-30 ° C noma lehle ngaphansi kuka-10 ° C.
Ama-orchid athanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, ngaphandle kwawo awakwazi ukuqhakaza futhi ayeke ukukhula.

Uzothola zonke izimo zokugcina le mbali kule ndatshana.

Isiphetho

I-Orchid yimbali enhle futhi entekenteke edinga ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Ekuqaleni silethwe ezindaweni ezishisayo, isitshalo sidinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo nokuchichimayo, ukuchelela njalo. Nakekela i-orchid yakho futhi izokubonga ngezimbali ezinhle.

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