Izizathu zokuguqulwa kombala kwamahlamvu we-petunia: kungani aphenduka amhlophe, akhanye futhi abe luhlaza okotshani?
Ngenxa yobuhle bezimbali nokunakekelwa okungadingeki, i-petunia ithandwa kakhulu ngabomama bezindlu nabasebenza ngezimbali. Lesi sitshalo esimnandi nesintekenteke sibekwe kuvulandi nakuma-windows sills; ehlobo, sihlobisa imibhede yezimbali namathala.
Ezimweni ezingavamile, ngisho nangokunakekelwa kahle, ukuqhuma okumhlophe kungavela emaqabungeni. Kungani amaqabunga eba mhlophe futhi yini okufanele uyenze uma kuvela amabala amhlophe? Ake sicabangele izimbangela nezindlela zokukulungisa kule ndatshana. Bheka futhi ividiyo ewusizo esihlokweni.
Izici zokukhula kwembali
I-Petunia ikhula ngendlela yezihlahla ezincane eziphansi... Ukuphakama kwabo kuyahlukahluka ezinhlotsheni: kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-30. Izinhlobo ezinde zama-petunias nazo ziyafuywa, kepha azivamile ezifundeni zethu. Amaqabunga esitshalo anombala oluhlaza okotshani, omile okweqanda. Imibala ye-inflorescence iyahlukahluka. Ubukhulu bezimbali busuka ku-5 cm kuye ku-13 cm ububanzi, ziyacacisa futhi zintekenteke.
QAPHELAAbafuyi bezinye izizwe bahlukanisa i-petunia ngezinhlobo ezi-2, kuya ngefomu lokukhula. Owokuqala ukulandela izitshalo. Kuyifomu lokukhasa lapho ububanzi bukhulu kunokuphakama. Uhlobo lwesibili yi-ampels. Lawa mabanga asetshenziselwa ukulengisa iziqukathi.
Ukuhlonza inkinga
Ezimweni ezingama-90%, ukuvela kwamabala amhlophe noma uqweqwe emaqabungeni kuchazwa ukukhula kwesikhutha se-powdery ku-petunia, isifo esiyingozi sefungal. Ukuqhakaza okumhlophe emaqabunga e-petunia kufana nothuli olumhlophe... Ezigabeni zokuqala, amaqabunga aphansi kuphela ajika amhlophe, bese zonke izingxenye zesitshalo zithelelekile. Kamuva, amahlamvu aphenduka aphuzi, abune, agobeke.
Yini amabala amhlophe ezimbalini? Isikhunta singena kumaseli bese siqala ukumunca ijusi elinomsoco kusuka ku-petunia. Ishiya i-atrophy, izindawo ezifile ziphenduka zibe mhlophe. Uma indawo ethelelekile ikhula, inqubo ye-photosynthesis iyaphazamiseka (kudingeka izindlela eziphuthumayo).
Amachashaza amhlophe awuphawu lwesifo esifana ne-downy isikhutha.... Lesi sifo ungasihlukanisa nesikhutha se-powdery ngokuhlaziya amabala asemaqabunga. Ngokumila okungamanga, amabala phezulu anokuqhakaza okukhanyayo okubonakalayo. Futhi, izifo ziyehluka ngokwentuthuko: eyangempela ivela ngenxa yomswakama ophakeme, amanga - ngenxa yokushoda kwamanzi.
Ku-chlorosis, amabala amhlophe abangelwa i-calcium eyeqile. Isici sithinta kabi isimo esijwayelekile sesitshalo. Amabala amhlophe emaqabungeni yizindawo lapho kutholakala khona inani eliphakeme lezinto ezilandelwayo.
Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokumhlophe, kanye nokuqhakaza okumpunga nokunamathelayo kuma-petunias lapha.
Izimbangela zezifo
Ngokugcinwa okufanele nokujwayelekile, isikhunta se-powdery asihlaseli isitshalo futhi asicasuli ukukhula kwamabala amhlophe. Phakathi kwezizathu eziyinhloko zokuvela kwenkinga enjalo, abashayeli bezimbali bahlukanisa:
- inhlabathi iqukethe initrogen eningi;
- imbiza incane kuma-petunias;
- umbuso womswakama ongafanele, ukuchelela njalo noma ukomisa inhlabathi (amabala amhlophe angumphumela wokuzivikela okhubazekile nokuqala kwezifo);
- ukuchelela ngamanzi angcoliswe isikhunta.
Kungani lesi sitshalo sikhanya futhi siphenduka sibe luhlaza okotshani?
Lesi simo sidalwa yizinto eziyinkimbinkimbi: ukushisa okuphansi nomswakama ophezulu. Inkinga yenkinga ukususwa sekwephuzile kwezingxenye ezithintekile noma eziwile ze-petunia. Lesi sitshalo sitheleleka ngomonakalo omncane kakhulu epuletini leqabunga. Amabala aluhlaza okotshani nawo angumphumela wokushoda komsoco.... Uma i-petunia ingenazo izinto eziwusizo nokugqoka, amaqabunga ayo alahlekelwa umbala, ambozwe ngamabala aphaphathekile.
Ukwelapha kanjani?
Wonke amaqabunga athintekile kufanele anqunywe, izingxenye ezinempilo kufanele ziphathwe ngamalungiselelo akhethekile. Ngalezi zinhloso, i-Previkur, iTopaz, iFundazol, iFitosporin ifanelekile. Umthamo uncike kwinani lamaqabunga athintekile kanye nesimo esijwayelekile sesitshalo. Kungadingeka isixazululo esinamandla noma esibuthakathaka. Bona imiyalo yethamo ngqo.
Phakathi kwezindlela zokupheka ezidumile ezifakazele ukusebenza kwazo, okulandelayo kungahlukaniswa:
Chaza isipuni esingu-1 kumalitha ayi-4 wamanzi afudumele. isoda, 0.5 tsp. noma iyiphi insipho engamanzi... Hlanganisa kahle. Ukuze uqede ngokuphelele izingxenye, ungabamba ikhambi kubhavu we-steam. Futha amahlandla ama-3, isikhawu phakathi kokuphindaphinda izinsuku ezi-6.
- Chaza 3 g we potassium permanganate kumalitha ayi-10 wamanzi... Hlanganisa, uthele ebhodleleni le-spray. Futha amaqabunga athintekile kathathu ngosuku izinsuku ezine.
- Chaza 2 tbsp kumalitha ayi-10 wamanzi abilayo. lwesinaphi... Linda ukupholisa. Futha izingxenye ezithintekile ze-petunia ngomkhiqizo odalile.
- Thela u-1 kg womlotha ochotshoziwe kumalitha ayi-10 amanzi... Beka ingxube endaweni emnyama izinsuku ezingama-5-6. Hlanganisa ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngemuva kokugcizelela, isixazululo esisebenzayo siyatholakala. Bafuthe nsuku zonke. Inombolo encane yokwelashwa izikhathi ezintathu.
Izindlela zokuvimbela
ICEBISO: Izinyathelo ezilula zizosiza ukuvimbela amabala amhlophe. Imithetho esemqoka yokuvimbela ukwakheka okuhle kwenhlabathi (hhayi okusindayo, hhayi okune-asidi), ukuthambisa okufika ngesikhathi, ukusetshenziswa okulingene kwe-nitrogen ne-calcium emhlabathini.
Kubalulekile ukuthi amanzi angami ndawonye ebhodweni. Ngalezi zinhloso, udinga ukwenza amanzi amaningi ezansi. Ukunisela ama-petunias kufanele kube isikhathi esisodwa ngosuku ntambama.
Buka ividiyo ngezimbangela zesifo se-petunia nokuthi ungaxazulula kanjani lezi zinkinga:
Isiphetho
Amabala amhlophe emaqabunga e-petunia ayisibonakaliso se-powdery isikhutha, i-downy isikhutha, noma i-chlorosis. Inkinga enjalo ivela ngenxa yokwehluka kwamazinga okushisa, umswakama ophakeme wenhlabathi kanye nokutheleleka kwefungal, i-calcium eyeqile. Ungabhekana nenkinga ngosizo lwamakhemikhali noma amakhambi wesintu.