Hlangana ne-gerbera emhlophe

Lesi sitshalo senzelwe ukusika. Iphethe indawo yesihlanu ehloniphekile esezingeni lomhlaba lezimbali, umsebenzi wazo ukudala ukuhlelwa kwembali.

Kuphela i-rose, i-carnation, i-chrysanthemum ne-tulip eyadlula i-gerbera. Ilungele zombili izimbali eziyizicukuthwane nezinesizotha. Izakhamizi zase Great Britain zibiza le mbali ngokuthi "iTransvaal daisy", futhi kwesinye isikhathi ibuye ibize ngokuthi "iTransvaal daisy".

Incazelo yemvelaphi kanye nemvelaphi

Imbali ye-gerbera uqobo iyi-inflorescence eyinkimbinkimbi, ibizwa ngebhasikidi, ububanzi balo buphakathi kwamasentimitha ama-4 kuye kwangama-30. Ngasemaphethelweni e-inflorescence kunezimbali ezintekenteke (kepha sikujwayele ukuzibiza ngokuthi amacembe), afana nezilimi ezime kahle. Kukhona nezimbali eziphakathi nendawo. Zethulwa ngendlela yeshubhu ephuzi. Ngamafuphi, yonke into esivame ukuyibiza ngokuthi yimbali eyodwa i-inflorescence ephelele ehlanganisa izimbali ezifika ezilikhulu.

Amaqabunga obuhle obumhlophe ayamangala ngomusa wawo. Amapuleti amaqabunga ajeziswe emaphethelweni, njengokungathi asikwe ngokungajwayelekile, aphuma ngqo kwi-rosette yezimpande. Ubude bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-30. Imvamisa amahlamvu ambozwe ngomchamo omhlophe. Ngokuqondene neziqu ezingenamaqabunga, zifinyelela ubude obufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-60. Futhi ibuye ibe fluffy.

Ama-daisy aseTransvaal athathwa njengakufaneleka kakhulu ukusetshenziselwa ukuthengisa njengoba enesikhathi eside sokuqhakaza esingangezinyanga ezi-4. Futhi ngemuva kokusika, zigcina ukubukeka kwazo okukhangayo esitsheni esingafinyelela emasontweni amathathu.

AmaGerberas atholakala okokuqala eNingizimu Afrika nasezifundeni ezingaphansi komhlaba zaseMadagascar, eNdiya. IJapane, iChina, iMongolia, i-Australia kanye neNingizimu Melika. Ukuthandwa kwalezi zimbali kwanikezwa yiScotsman uRobert Jameson.... owake wathumela izitshalo ezingaziwa ezitholakalayo engadini yezitshalo. Ungathola nge-gerbera kaJameson kule ndatshana.

I-REFERENCE! EYurophu, ama-gerberas aziwa kuphela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Okwamanje, kunezinhlobo ezingaba yishumi nesikhombisa zeTransvaal daisy ezaziwayo. Ngomphumela onjalo, kufanele sibonge ngomsebenzi othela izithelo wabafuyi.

Ukubukeka nezici

Ngaphandle, ama-gerberas akhumbuza kakhulu ama-chamomiles, imibala ye-yangaphambili kuphela ehluke kakhulu. Esimweni sethu, ngisho nemibala yezimbali zebhasikidi icishe ifane. I-peduncle esitshalweni ihlala yodwa, izungezwe kuphela ngamaqabunga anamathiselwe kumahlumela. Isici sembali echazwe yi-thermophilicity yayo. Ngakho-ke, kuvame ukuzala ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, zokugcina izithombo noma endlini efudumele.

Izinhlobo zama-gerberas zibukeka zizinhle kakhulu, eziqhakaza ngombala obomvana, obomvu, ophuzi kanye nowolintshi. Ungenza isixha esihle kakhulu kubo bese usinika omthandayo.

Isithombe

Bona esinye isithombe se-gerbera emhlophe:

Izimo zokufika

Abalimi abaningi, ikakhulukazi abangenalwazi, bayacasulwa ukuqina okukhulu kwama-gerberas. Akumangalisi, ngoba ukutshalwa kwabo endle kuvame ukuhambisana nobunzima obuthile. Ukukhulisa le mbali ebangeni lethu engadini yakho, kumele zimbiwe minyaka yonke ngaphambi kwezulu elibandayo. Kulokhu zifana nama-dahlias.

Umhlabathi

Ngakho-ke, hlobo luni lomhlabathi olulungele intokazi engenamqondo kangaka? Lesi siko sithanda inhlabathi evulekile, lapho umoya uzodlula kahle futhi lapho umswakama ungeke ume khona. Ungathenga inhlabathi yokubumba eyenziwe ngomumo cishe kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezimbali. Ungathenga umhlaba wokutshala ama-roses. Noma ungazilungiselela i-substrate ngokwakho ekhaya. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uzodinga:

• Peat.
• Isihlabathi (kulungile).
• Ingulube yeLeaf.

Hlanganisa konke lokhu ngesilinganiso esifanayo. Mhlawumbe inketho yesibili yezingxenye zenhlanganisela yenhlabathi izokufanela. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukudala ungqimba lwamanzi, bese ufafaza imigqa:

1. umhlaba wesoyi (izingxenye ezimbili);
2. umhlabathi onamaqabunga (ingxenye eyodwa);
3. i-humus (ingxenye 1);
4. isihlabathi (futhi esihle futhi 1 ingxenye).

Ukukhetha indawo yokutshala i-gerbera emhlophe, cabanga ngokuthi lapho kungeke kube khona okusalungiswa nemimoya enamandla. Indawo enhle kakhulu ye-transvaal chamomile iseduze kocingo noma udonga oluthile. Kepha ungaphambanisi ukukhipha umoya nezinhlaka. Owokuqala kufanele abe khona njalo ekunakekelweni kwesitshalo esinjalo. Kuyanconywa futhi ukumba i-gerbera kuhlobo oluthile lokuphumula., kepha kufanele ihleleke ukuze amanzi anganqwabeli lapho. Nikeza okuthandayo ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okude kakhulu emini.

Lesi sitshalo sizokubonga ngokukhula okusheshayo nokuqhakaza kwezimbali. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi le mbali ithanda umoya ofudumele futhi ilawula ukuhlinzekwa kwalesi simo sonke isikhathi i-gerbera esesizeni sakho. Akunasimo ungazitshaleli uma ingozi yamakhaza asebusuku, kanye namazinga okushisa emini ehla, ingakadluli.

ICEBISO! Ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukufaka ama-arcs phezu kombhede wezimbali, okuzodonswa kuwo izinto zokumboza ngokufika kobusuku. Ngakho-ke uzovikela ubuhle obumhlophe ekwehliseni izinga lokushisa ebusuku.

Ukunakekela

Ukunisela

Kuyadingeka ukumanzisa inhlabathi ngokunakekelwa okwedlulele. Qiniseka ukuthi awekho amaconsi amanzi awela emaqabungeni nasendaweni yokuphuma kwezimpande. Ukunisela akufanele kube kuningi, kepha njalo. Yize kukhona ungqimba lwamanzi, ungavumeli amanzi ukuba amile enhlabathini ukuvimbela ukubola kwezimpande zembali.

Ukuchelela ungathatha kuphela amanzi athambile, izinga lokushisa elizokuba ngaphezulu kune-ambient. Lawula umswakama womhlabathi, ikakhulukazi ezimbalini zomthunzi. Njengoba ngokuntuleka kokukhanya, inhlabathi ingase ingomi isikhathi eside, okuzoholela ekwandeni kwezinambuzane eziyimpande. Ngokuqala kwesikhathi sokulala, lezi zitshalo zidinga ukuniselwa kaningi, kepha ungavumeli inhlabathi ukuba yome ngokuphelele.

Umswakama

UGerbera uthanda umoya oswakeme kahle nxazonke, kepha ngeke akubekezelele ukufafaza. Uma ukuchelela umhlabathi kwanele, khona-ke ukufudunyezwa okwengeziwe komoya ngeke kudingeke. Uma umoya usahlala womile, ungabhekana nale nkinga ekhaya usebenzisa ipallet enobumba olunwetshiwe.

Ithempelesha

Ekuqaleni, kwakukholakala ukuthi i-transvaalsa daisy yayithanda umoya oshisayo kuphela. Kodwa muva nje, ochwepheshe bafike embonweni ojwayelekile wokuthi izinga lokushisa elifanele kakhulu le-gerbera yisilinganiso - cishe ama-20-22 degrees Celsius.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Umanyolo udinga ukuthathelwa phezulu... Ngesizini ngayinye, kubalulekile ukukhetha umbuso okhethekile wokufaka umanyolo. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kobusika kuze kube maphakathi nentwasahlobo, kanye kulo lonke ihlobo (lesi yisikhathi sokukhula kwemvelo), yondla le mbali ngezakhiwo ezinezinga eliphezulu le-nitrogen. Kepha lapho i-gerbera iqhakaza, shintshela kumanyolo ngenani eliphakeme le-potassium.

QAPHELA! Kuzo zombili izimo zokuqala nezesibili, hlaziya umanyolo ungagxili kakhulu kunalokho okukhonjiswe kwiphakethe.

Ukuhlukana phakathi kokugqoka kufanele kube yingxenye yenyanga. Ngeke kube yinto engafanele ukufaka ngezikhathi ezithile umanyolo wezinto ezingaphili (okungenani kabili ngesizini). Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa i-mullein. Futhi esinye isincomo. Nciphisa inani lamaqabunga ku-gerbera eduze nobusika. Uma amahlamvu angavami kakhulu, ukukhanya okuthe xaxa kuzofika kunhlayiyana ngayinye.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Zonke izimbali zohlobo oluchaziwe, kufaka phakathi umhlophe, ziyakwazi ukuhlaselwa yizifo ezilandelayo zemvelaphi yegciwane nefungal.

• Isikhunta se-Powdery... Izimpawu zomonakalo ukuvela koqwembe oluthile engxenyeni engenhla yamaqabunga, bese kuba mnyama.
• I-Fusarium ne-verticillosis... Kubonakala ngama-rhizomes ashile kanye nezisekelo ze-peduncle.
• I-Phytophthora... Ungayibona ngombala ojulukile owakhiwa kuzo zonke izingxenye ze-gerbera. Futhi, izimpande neziqu ziqala ukukhula.
• Ukubola okumpunga... Ihlanganisa amaqabunga namahlumela ngokuqhakaza okumpunga, okuluhlaza uma kuthintwa.

Ukuvela kwalezi zinambuzane kuhlale kungumphumela wokunisela okungafanele noma ukutshala okujule kakhulu. Ukuswakama kwenhlabathi, njengoba sikhumbula, akukuningi futhi kuphela ngaphansi kohlelo lwempande. Ungakhohlwa ngokungamukeleki kokufafaza isitshalo uqobo, ubukhulu obuvunyelwe ukufafaza amanzi emoyeni. Izindawo ezithintekile ezimbali yeTransvaal kufanele zisuswe ngokushesha. Bese uphatha inhlabathi ngesisombululo sesisekelo.

Izinambuzane ezinjalo zingahlasela i-Snow White:

1. i-spider mite (ibizwa nangokuthi isicabucabu esibomvu);
2. i-whitefly;
3. i-aphid.

Uhlobo lokuqala lwama-parasites lumboza amahlamvu ngobulembu obungaqapheleki futhi lumunce ujusi wesitshalo, okuholela ekumeni kwamaqabunga, futhi ngokushesha ukubuna kwamahlumela. I-whitefly yisinambuzane esincane, ngeshwa, esanda ngamanani ngesilinganiso esimangalisayo. Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa kwakhe, amaqabunga aphuzi, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi anyamalala ngokuphelele. Ama-aphid acishe angabonakali esweni lomuntu, kepha umsebenzi wawo owonakalisayo ubonakala ngokushesha. Ukulwa naleli "genge", sebenzisa amalungiselelo okubulala izinambuzane.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

UGerbera white usakazwa ngezindlela ezintathu:

• imbewu;
• ukuhlukanisa isihlahla;
• ngokusika.

OKUBALULEKILE! Uma ukhetha indlela yokuqala, tshala imbewu ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Kufanele nje ithanjiswe kancane ngengqimba encane yomhlabathi. Ungabona amahlumela okuqala emasontweni ambalwa. Kepha isitshalo esiqhakazayo sizokujabulisa kuphela ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-10.

Udinga kuphela ukuhlukanisa isihlahla sabantu abadala. Ngenxa yalokhu, kukhethwa izimbali ezifinyelele eminyakeni engama-3-4. Kule nqubo, uzodinga ummese obukhali wenzalo, uhlukanise ama-rhizomes ngawo. Izinso kufanele zibe yindawo oyisithenjwa kuwe. Ingxenye engacindezelekile izolungela ukufakelwa okugcwele ezinsukwini eziyi-15. Uzokwazisa ngokulungela kwakhe ngamahlumela amancane. Kuyadingeka ukutshala amahlumela kude no-30-40 amasentimitha komunye nomunye. Le ndlela yokuzalanisa ithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabasebenza ngezimbali abangochwepheshe.

Ukusika i-gerbera, kusikwa izingcezu ezinamaqabunga ama-1-2 kusuka ezimpandeni... Imifino incishiswa cishe ngama-30% ngokuwasika. Izithelo zitshalwa enhlabathini enomswakama futhi zigcinwe ezingeni lokushisa elingu-23 degrees Celsius nangaphezulu.

Ekunakekeleni i- "Snow White" landela zonke izincomo. Futhi-ke ukutshalwa kwale mbali kuzophenduka injabulo.

Bukela ividiyo: INYONEMHLOPHE NKONYANE ZION IPHASIKA 2019 - ABAZITHOBE (Juni 2024).