Incazelo yokubonakala kwesitshalo sendlu - izinsimbi zensimbi: izici zokunakekelwa namanye ama-nuances

Uma uthatha isinqumo sokutshala uhlaza efulethini lakho noma ku-greenhouse nommeleli omkhulu omuhle wezimbali, bese unaka i-begonia yensimbi. Lesi sitshalo asihlonipheki ukusinakekela, asidingi ukukhanya okuningi futhi sinamaqabunga aluhlaza nezimbali ezintekenteke ezizojabulisa iso lakho iminyaka eminingi.

Ungayigcina kanjani kahle le mbali ekhaya, yiziphi izinqubo nezinqubo zokunakekelwa ezokuvumela ukuthi wenze i-begonia ihlale isebenza njengomhlobiso wangaphakathi wangaphakathi? Konke lokhu nokunye okuningi kuzoxoxwa ngakho kulesi sihloko.

Incazelo yeBotanical nomlando wemvelaphi

I-Metallic begonia (Begonia Metallica) iyilungu lomndeni we-begonia (Begonia) futhi ingeyezinhlobo zezitshalo zokuhlobisa ezinamakholomu zalolu hlobo. Lesi sitshalo sinegama elinjalo ngenxa yombala wamaqabunga aso: ohlangothini olungaphambili, amaqabunga awo aluhlaza okomnqumo, kanti imithambo ebomvu ine-sheen yensimbi. Futhi lolu hlobo lwe-begonias lubizwa ngokuthi inyama enemibala noma i-metallic begonia.

Encwadini. Kukholakala ukuthi uhlobo lwe-begonia luqanjwe ngegama lombusi waseHaiti, owayengungoti omkhulu futhi eqoqa izimbali, uM. Begon, owayephila ngekhulu le-18.

Ngaphandle kokuthi umnotho omkhulu wezitshalo ze-genus begonia ubonwa endaweni eshisayo yaseNingizimu Melika nase-Asia, i-begonia yethulwa emazweni aseYurophu naseRussia kudala. I-metallic begonia ivela eBrazil, lapho ihlala khona ngokwemvelo emagqumeni amnyama noma anomswakama endaweni ephakeme ka-800-1700 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle emapayini nasemahlathini aminyene.

Incazelo yokubukeka

I-Begonia enemibala yenyama isitshalo esikhulu esinesiqu se-pubescent esiqinile. Amaqabunga alesi sitshalo anombala oluhlaza okotshani ngombala onemithambo ebomvu ebizwa nge-sheen yensimbi. Lawa maqabunga, afinyelela ku-15 cm ubude, a-asymmetric anamaphethelo ajingiwe futhi anendawo yokushicilela.

Uhlangothi olungaphambili lweqabunga lububende. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-begonia ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu futhi ifinyelela ku-80-120 cm ukuphakama. Ekwindla nasehlobo, kuvela izimbali eziningi ezinkulu ezinoboya obumbala obomvana-obomvana.

Isithombe

Ngezansi ungabona isitshalo esihle sendlu - i-begonia yensimbi.

Ukutshala kuphi futhi kanjani: imithetho, amathiphu nemiyalo

I-metallic begonia isitshalo esihle sendlu esibekezelela ubumnyama kahle futhi, ngokungafani nezimbali eziningi zasendlini, zingatholakala engxenyeni emnyama yefulethi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lo umele izimbali, ubukhulu bazo kwesinye isikhathi budlula imitha, futhi iziqu zawo ziba namandla kakhulu futhi zikhule ziye phansi, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuyibeka esitendeni ukuze kugcizelelwe ukuheha kwamaqabunga ne-inflorescence.

Inkomba. Kodwa-ke, lapho ukhetha indawo ye-begonia yensimbi, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ayikubekezeleli okusalungiswa nomswakama ophezulu.

Futhi, kuvulandi akulungele ukukhulisa lesi sitshalo, ngoba imbali ayizibekezeleli izinguquko ezinkulu ekushiseni futhi ayithandi lapho ivame ukudluliselwa isuswa kwenye indawo iye kwenye.

Ezinye izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo zingakha isizinda esiphikisayo esitendini samaqabunga ensimbi ye-begonia: isibonelo, i-begonia ehlala njalo noma izimbali zasebusika.

Ukukhanyisa nendawo

Inyama enemibala ye-begonia ithanda ukukhanya okugcwele okugcwele noma ibe semthunzini oyingxenye, ngakho-ke ukukubeka efasiteleni elingaseningizimu yegumbi akukhethwa. Amaqabunga ale mbali azwela kakhulu ekukhanyeni kwelanga, lapho amaqabunga ngokwawo angaphenduka aphuzi noma ashe kuwo. Uhlangothi lwasempumalanga, olusenyakatho noma olusentshonalanga lwegumbi luzomlungela, futhi lesi sitshalo sizobukeka sisihle esitendini.

Izidingo zenhlabathi

I-metallic begonia kumele itshalwe kabusha kanye ngonyaka, okungcono entwasahlobo. Futhi, isitshalo sidinga ukufakelwa kabusha ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthenga ukuze kubhekwe ukuthi izimpande ziphilile yini nokuthi azikho yini izinambuzane kuzo.

Kungcono ukhethe inhlabathi ye-begonias multi-component, evulekile futhi enomsoco. Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi kufanele kufaka phakathi:

• Umhlaba onamahlamvu.
• Peat.
• Humus umhlaba.
• Umhlaba weSod.
• Isihlabathi.

Kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhethe imbiza enkulu futhi ebanzi yokutshala izitshalo zabantu abadala, ngoba ebhodweni eliminyene amaqabunga e-begonia yensimbi aqala ukubuna, futhi lesi sitshalo ngeke siqhakaze njengakuqala.

Okubalulekile! Qiniseka ukuthi ubeka amanzi ezansi ebhodweni, ubumba olunwetshiwe noma amatshe amancane alungile njengomsele, uma kungenjalo izimpande zembali zingaqala ukubola kusuka kumswakama oweqile, ozoholela ekufeni kwembali.

Ukutshala izitshalo ezincane, sebenzisa inhlabathi ethambile.: udinga ukuxuba i-peat nenhlabathi enamaqabunga noma enesihlabathi ngokulinganayo. Ekuqaleni, izithombo ezincane zitshalwa ezimbizeni ezincane ezinobubanzi obungu-8 cm, bese kuthi, lapho lesi sitshalo sigxila, sitshalwe ku-pallet enkulu.

Ungayinakekela kanjani kahle?

I-metallic begonia isitshalo esingenakuhlonishwa okufanele sisinakekele, kepha asithandi ukwehla okukhulu kokushisa, lapho imbali ingachitha khona amaqabunga ayo. Lesi sitshalo se-thermophilic sithanda ukushisa komoya okuyi-16 - 25 degrees, kanti ebusika izinga lokushisa akumele libe ngaphansi kuka-15 - 16 degrees, kepha emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kwama-20 degrees, kunconywa ukubeka i-begonia engxenyeni emnyama yegumbi.

Lesi sitshalo sithanda umswakama ophezulu, kepha kufanele kunakekelwe ukuthi umswakama awunakuma, okuzoholela ekubonakaleni kwesikhunta. Ngaphandle kothando lomswakama - I-metallic begonia ayithandi amanzi awela emaqabungeni. Ukunisela ebusika kufanele kube ngokulinganisela, futhi ehlobo i-begonia kufanele iniselwe kakhulu.

Uma unisela, kungcono ukugxila enhlabathini: uma yoma ngo-1.5 cm, isitshalo sidinga ukuchelelwa. Kuyadingeka ukuyinisela ngamanzi afudumele, kulungiswe usuku olungu-1, ungangeza i-citric acid emanzini. Uma ebusika kungenzeki ukugcina izinga lokushisa libe ngaphezu kwama-degree ayi-15, khona-ke udinga ukunisela imbali ngamanzi afudumele, bese ufaka ngisho namanzi afudumele eduze kwepallet, kanti ungqimba lwenhlabathi oluphezulu kumele luthukululwe ngo-1 cm.

Izifo ezivamile nezinambuzane

1. Kusha emaqabungeni. Izimpawu: ukusha emaqabungeni e-metal begonia kwenzeka ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga, ikakhulukazi uma ufafaza amanzi emaqabungeni elanga. Ukwelashwa: isitshalo kufanele sisuswe elangeni eliqondile.
2. Isiqu sokubola empandeni. Izimpawu: isiqu siqala ukubola ezansi, amaqabunga awe phansi. Lokhu kungenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu noma ukuchelela ngokweqile. Ukwelashwa: kubalulekile ukunciphisa ukuchelela futhi ususe isitshalo endaweni epholile.
3. Ukulimala kwesitshalo yikhunta iBotrytis cinerea. Izimpawu: Isikhunta esimpunga (izilonda ezibunsundu) kuvela emaqabungeni, ezimbalini nasesiqu. Lesi sifo sivela ngenxa yomswakama ophezulu. Ukwelashwa: umoya omncane ongcono egumbini, kepha gwema okusalungiswa.

   Inkomba. Qinisekisa ukuthi isitshalo somile, bese usebenzisa ama-fungicides adingekayo ukwelashwa.

4. Ukwehlulwa kwesitshalo yikhunta i-Oidium begoniae. Izimpawu: umqubu omhlophe we-powdery uvela emaqabungeni, kukhona nephunga lesikhunta, ngemuva kokuthi isikhunta sisabalale, amaqabunga agcwele, kulandele ukufa kwesitshalo. Lesi sifo sibangelwa umswakama ophezulu ekushiseni kwama-20 - 24 degrees. Ukwelashwa: njengakwisikhunta sangaphambilini, kuyadingeka ukuthuthukisa umoya omncane, ugweme okusalungiswa, vumela ama-begonias ome futhi alaphe ngamafungicides.
5. Ukutheleleka ngegciwane. Uphawu: Izindawo eziphuzi zivela emaqabungeni. Ukwelashwa: lesi sifo asikwazi ukwelashwa, kuyadingeka ukuthi usibhubhise ngokushesha isitshalo ukuze lesi sifo singasabalali nakwezinye izitshalo zasendlini.

Izici zokuzala

I-metallic begonia ingasabalaliswa ngokuhlukanisa i-rhizome nembewu, kepha indlela ejwayelekile yokusabalalisa lesi sitshalo ukusakazwa ngeziqu ezinqunyiwe. Le ndlela kufanele ikhiqizwe kabusha entwasahlobo noma ehlobo.

1. Nquma ukusika okungu-8-10 cm ubude kusuka ezihlokweni ezingekho zezimbali ze-begonia.Gcoba imikhawulo yokusika ku-hormone powder.
2. Tshala ama-cuttings ezimbizeni ezilungiselelwe ngobubanzi obungu-8 cm enhlabathini equkethe ipeat nesihlabathi ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1. Ngemuva kokutshala, vala amabhodwe ngokugoqwa kwepulasitiki ukuze wakhe ukushisa.
3. Ngemuva kwamasonto angaba yisithupha, amaqabunga azovela kuma-cuttings; ngaphambi kwalokho, ama-cuttings kufanele avikelwe ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga, ifilimu kufanele isuswe.
4. Tshala isitshalo esincane embizeni enkulu enhlabathini yesitshalo esidala.

Isiphetho

IMetallica begonia, njengezitshalo eziningi zalolu hlobo, sekuyisikhathi eside iguqulelwe isimo sezulu saseRussia. Inyama begonia enemibala kulula kakhulu ukuyinakekela futhi ingaqhakambisi maqondana nokutshala. Ukugcinwa kwayo akunzima, futhi amaqabunga awo amahle alinganayo angajatshulelwa iminyaka eminingana.