Uyini umehluko phakathi kobhatata ne-artichoke yaseJerusalema? Izinzuzo nokulimala kwalezi zitshalo nendawo okufakwa kuyo
Ngokufika kwezinhlobo ezintsha zemifino ezweni lethu, amasiko ahlukahlukene angadideka. Isibonelo, womabili amazambane obhatata ne-artichoke yaseJerusalema anezingxenye ezidliwayo ezingaphansi komhlaba - izilimo eziyizigaxa, kunamagama amaningana, kepha izikhathi ezahlukahlukene zokuthela.
Lo mbhalo uxoxa ngokuningiliziwe ngokufana nokwehluka kwawo ngokuya ngemibandela ehlukahlukene: ukubukeka, indawo yokukhula, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali, insimu yokufaka isicelo, kanye nokukhuluma ngezindawo eziwusizo nezilimazayo nokuthi ungazikhetha kanjani izilimo eziyimpande eziwusizo.
Okuyikho: Incazelo emfushane kanye nencazelo ye-Botanical
Ubhatata
Ubhatata (elinye igama - "ubhatata") isitshalo se-tuber sohlobo lwe-Ipomoea lomndeni wakwaVyunkov. Lona ngumvini we-hermaceous thermophilic oneziqu ezinwabuzelayo nokuphakama kwesihlahla okungu-15-18 cm. Amacembe amise okwenhliziyo ngokusika okude. Ngokuqina kwezimpande ezisemaceleni, kwakhiwa izilimo eziyizigaxa ezidliwayo ezimhlophe, nsomi, phuzi, ukhilimu, inyama ebomvu. Isisindo se-tuber enjalo sisuka ku-200 g kuye ku-3 kg.
Imvamisa kusatshalaliswa amahlumela wezilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlumile. Akuvamile ukuqhakaza, ezinye izinhlobo azikaze, zidinga impova yizinyosi. Izimbali zinkulu, zimise okwefaneli, zimhlophe, lilac ephaphathekile, zibomvana.
Ipheya lobumba
IJerusalema i-artichoke yaziwa nangaphansi kwamagama "ipheya lobumba", "i-artichoke yaseJerusalema". I-Herbaceous tuberous perennial of the genus Sunflower, umndeni u-Astrovye. Inesistimu yezimpande eqinile futhi ejulile, eyenza izilimo eziyizigaxa ezidliwayo kumahlumela angaphansi komhlaba angadliwa.
Iziqu zifinyelela kubude obungu-40 cm kuye ku-4 m, ziqondile futhi ziqinile ngokufaka amagatsha phezulu namaqabunga e-pubescent. Ingakhula emthunzini oyingxenye, ngisho nasemhlabathini ompofu one-esidi. Engxenyeni yaseYurophu yaseRussia iqhakaza ngo-Agasti - Okthoba, kwesinye isiqu kuze kube yizimbali eziyi-10-15 eziphuzi neziphuzi zegolide, eziqoqwe kubhasikidi.
Ingabe kuyinto efanayo noma cha?
Izitshalo zivame ukudideka ukuthatha uhlobo olulodwa olunamagama ahlukene, kepha uma uqala ukuziqhathanisa nomunye, uzothola umehluko omkhulu.
Uyini umehluko?
Ipheya eliphansi namazambane ahlukile hhayi kuphela ekunambithekeni nasekubukekeni, kepha nakwezinye izakhiwo.
Ukubukeka
Izitshalo ziyehluka ngobude behlathi, uhlobo nobukhulu bamaqabunga nezimbali. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane amnandi zilingana, ziyindilinga, zifinyelela ku-30 cm ubude. Banesikhumba esincane cishe sayo yonke imibala yothingo ngaphandle kwamehlo, inyama ethambile. Ukunambitheka kungahle kusuka ku-bland kuya ku-sweet. EJerusalema i-artichoke, zigobile futhi zinamaqhuqhuva, umbala uyehluka kusuka kokumhlophe kuye kokuphuzi okumnyama. Amaqhuqhuva anambitheka njengetheniphu noma isiphunzi seklabishi.
Indawo ekhulayo
Indawo yokuzalwa ubhatata yiPeru neColombia, kusuka lapho yasabalala khona yaya ePolynesia naseNew Zealand ngamanzi nangosizo lwezinyoni. Kamuva yasakazekela kwezinye izifunda, kepha isikhuliswa ikakhulukazi eChina, India, Indonesia.
I-artichoke yaseJerusalema kudala yazalwa ngamaNdiya, yeza eYurophu naseRussia isuka eNyakatho Melika. Manje emazweni amaningi kubhekwa njengokhula ngisho nento yokuhlukaniswa. Isatshalaliswa kabanzi engxenyeni yaseYurophu yeRussia.
Uma uhlela ukuqala ukukhulisa i-artichoke yaseJerusalema, funda izindatshana zethu ngesikhathi nangemithetho yokutshala isivuno.
Ukwakhiwa kwamakhemikhali
Ubhatata uqukethe i-sucrose, i-fructose, i-glucose, okunikeza isithelo ukunambitheka okumnandi.
- Icebile ngama-retinol, amavithamini B.
- Iqukethe i-potassium ne-calcium eningi.
Ubhatata uqukethe ama-kcal angama-86 ngamagremu ayi-100 womkhiqizo, okuyizikhathi eziphindwe ka-1.5 kunamazambane. Ukwakheka kwezilimo eziyizigaxa kungahluka ngokuya ngokuhlukahluka nendawo yokukhula.
Izilimo eziyizigaxa zobumba zifana nokwakhiwa kwamazambane, ziqukethe:
- inulin;
- amaprotheni;
- i-fructose;
- izinto ezine-nitrogen;
- amavithamini B no-C;
- carotene.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwe-artichoke yaseJerusalema lapha.
Inzuzo nokulimala
Ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-retinol (ngaphezu kwamaqathi) Ubhatata ulusizo ekugcineni amasosha omzimba kanye nokuhlanganiswa okujwayelekile kwamahomoni ocansi. Izithelo ezine-pulp ephephuli ziqukethe ama-anthocyanins, anezakhi ze-antioxidant. Lapho udla, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi izilimo eziyizigaxa zamazambane anomphumela we-laxative.
Okubalulekile! Ubhatata uvikeleka kakhulu ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa ye-retinol eyeqile.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-artichoke yaseJerusalema kungumthelela omuhle ku-microflora yamathumbu. Ngokukufaka ekudleni, izifo ezinhlobonhlobo zokugaya ukudla zingelashwa. Ivimbela ukukhula kwamakhemikhali amancane ayingozi emathunjini omuntu, kusiza ukuqeda ubuthi futhi kusebenze kahle umgudu wamathumbu. Ngenxa yobukhona be-inulin ekwakhiweni, ingasetshenziselwa isifo sikashukela.
I-artichoke eluhlaza yaseJerusalema ingadala ukungakhululeki esiswini, ibuye iphikiswe uma kwenzeka ukungabekezelelani komuntu ngamunye kanye nesifo se-gallstone.
Siphakamisa ukuthi ubuke ividiyo mayelana nezici eziwusizo zamazambane:
Sikunikeza ukuthi ubuke ividiyo emayelana nezinto ezizuzisayo ze-artichoke yaseJerusalema:
Indawo yokufaka isicelo
Ngenxa yokunambitheka kwawo okunoshukela, ubhatata usuphenduke isivakashi etafuleni; izindlela eziningi zokupheka zisungulwe ngawo.
- Benza ngezilimo eziyizigaxa zaso:
- ufulawa;
- ama-molasses;
- utshwala.
- Kusuka embewini yenza isiphuzo sekhofi.
- Iziqu namaqabunga ungondla imfuyo, kanye nomquba.
- Isitashi kusuka kubhatata nakho kuyasetshenziswa kwezokwelapha.
IJerusalema i-artichoke isetshenziselwa ukudla komuntu futhi njengesitshalo sefolishi, ukwandisa umkhiqizo wobisi nokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda ezilwaneni ezifuywayo. Ekuzingeleni amapulazi njengokusekelwa kwefolishi lomdlalo. E-USA, i-artichoke yaseJerusalema isetshenziselwa ukwenza indawo yekhofi, efana ne-chicory ngezimfanelo zayo.
Yikuphi ukukhetha okungcono kakhulu?
IJarich artichoke isitshalo esingapheli esivame ukwanda ngokweqile, sithela ekwindla. Izilimo eziyizigaxa zingagcinwa emhlabathini ngaphandle kokumba kuze kube isithwathwa, ukuze zikwazi ukuhlala ebusika kuze kufike intwasahlobo (ungaziqoqa kanjani futhi uzigcine kanjani izitshalo ze-artichoke zaseJerusalema?) Lesi yisiko elingenakuzithoba, elimelana nezinguquko zokushisa. Kepha uma udinga isivuno ehlobo, khona-ke kungcono ukutshala ubhatata. Ayibekezeleli ngisho neqhwa elincane, kepha ingakhula esitsheni, noma kunjalo, kufanele okungenani ibe ngamalitha angama-30 ngevolumu.
Inkomba! Zombili izitshalo zingahlobisa ikotishi lasehlobo. I-artichoke yaseJerusalema kuphela ebukeka inhle ngesimo seziqhingi otshanini, futhi imivini yamazambane abumbene ilungele ukuhlobisa uthango.
Mayelana nokunambitheka, amazambane obhatata ayaphumelela, yingakho izindlela eziningi zokupheka zisungulwe ngawo. Zombili lezi zitshalo zinezinzuzo nezinkinga zazo ezidinga ukukalwa lapho kukhethwa.