Sitshala isitshalo sokuqhathanisa okumangazayo ekhaya: ukunakekelwa nokukhiqizwa kabusha kwesilayidi, kanye nesithombe sembali

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Isilo esihle - yilokho abalimi abakubiza ngale mbali. IStapelia isitshalo sokuqhathanisa okumangazayo: ukuphikisana okukhanyayo okunje komusa wangaphandle nephunga elibi. Futhi, kungabonakala, yini i-daredevil engalokotha ukuhlobisa iwindi lasekhaya noma ikona legadi ngokuqala okunjalo?

Kepha, ngokumangazayo, kukhona abathandayo abanele bale mbali emhlabeni - isikhungo sabathandi bezakhiwo esakhiwe edolobheni laseSweden i-Uppsala singesinye isiqinisekiso salokhu. Ezinye izivakashi ezivela ezweni elishisayo ziyathandeka futhi azinazwelo, ezinye azithobekile futhi ziyavuma. Kulesi sihloko uzofunda ukuthi yini ubuqili bokunakekela le mbali nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokukhiqiza, futhi ungabona futhi isithombe salesi sitshalo.

Izici zokunakekelwa kwezimbali

Ukukhanyisa

UStapelia uthanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha okusakazekile. Ngokukhula ekhaya, ifasitela lasentshonalanga noma lasempumalanga lifanelekile. Elaseningizimu nalo liyamukeleka, kepha ngelanga lasemini amabhodwe adinga ukufakwa shading. Ukuze wenze lokhu, i-tulle noma i-gauze idonswa ezungeze umngcele wewindi. Ungasebenzisa isikrini sephepha ezungeze izitshalo zakho ezinomsoco, noma ubeke itheyiphu yesibuko ebonakalayo evela esitolo sehadiwe ungene engilazini. Ukuthola ukukhanya kwelanga isikhathi eside kungadala ukushisa ngeziqu ezimnandi zesitshalo.

Kepha udinga ukushiswa yilanga nsuku zonke. Ekwindla nasebusika, kuphephile ukushiya i-slipway elangeni usuku lonke. Esimweni sezulu esinamafu, ukukhanyisa ngamalambu akhethekile (i-incandescent, i-fluorescent noma i-LED) kuyadingeka.

OKUBALULEKILE! Uma lesi sivakashi sase-Afrika sikhulele emthunzini isikhathi eside, khona-ke ukuqeqeshwa okulula kufanele kwenzeke ngobunono nangokushelelayo.

UStapelia welulela ngasekukhanyeni futhi angakhula agwegwile uma ibhodwe lingaphendulwa kanye ngenyanga ikota lokuphenduka okugcwele. Awukwazi ukwenza lokhu ngenkathi kwakhiwa ama-buds - ubuhle obungenakubalwa bungabashukumisa.

Umswakama

Isimo sezulu esiswakeme ngokulingene sikulungele ukukhula. Kepha umoya owomile awuvimbeli isitshalo ukuthi sikhule ngokugcwele. Umswakama ophansi uyingozi ezitokisini, njengoba kukhuthaza ukuvela kwezinambuzane ezihlathini. Akudingeki ukuthi ufafaze amnandi, uzama ukungangeni ezimbalini ezivulekile. Amanzi amaningi kumacembe awonakalisa ukubukeka kwawo futhi aholele ekuboleni.

Ithempelesha

Ngenkathi efudumele, amasheya akhetha ama-22-26 degrees Celsius. Angakwazi ukuhlela iholide langempela ehlobo kuveranda ovulekile noma kuvulandi. Ukuze uqine futhi uthuthukise inhlalakahle ejwayelekile, kuyasiza ukukhipha isitshalo usiyise engadini usuku lonke, usivikele emvuleni nasemoyeni obandayo onamandla.

Ekwindla nasentwasahlobo isikhathi sokuphumula. Ngalesi sikhathi, isilayidi singamelana namazinga okushisa ama-13-15 degrees.

Ukunisela

Ngokunisela, amanzi afudumele, ahlungiwe noma ahlalisiwe afanelekile. Thepha i-chlorine futhi amakhaza angasibulala isitshalo. Ehlobo udinga ukunisela kanye ngesonto futhi ngokulinganisela.

Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo (entwasahlobo nasekwindla) - kanye njalo emavikini amabili, lapho isigaxa sobumba soma kahle. Uma ikholomu lesitshalo liqala ukushwabana, alinawo umswakama owanele futhi amandla okunisela kufanele akhuliswe. Ukunisela ebusika - kuphela ngemuva kokuba inhlabathi isome ngokuphelele ezansi ebhodweni. Kusukela ngoDisemba kuya kuJanuwari, indlela eshelelayo kungenzeka ingaswakanyiswa nhlobo.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ngentwasahlobo nasehlobo, umuntu wondliwa njalo emavikini amabili ngomanyolo weziphuzo noma i-cacti. Umanyolo wePotash othengwe ezitolo ezikhethekile (Ingadi Yezimangaliso, i-Uniflor, i-Agricola, i-Gilea, i-Power of Life, i-Reasil) ivumela amasheya ukuthi aqine futhi abekezelele.

I-Potassium idlala indima engenakuphikiswa empilweni yezitshalo. Le element yamakhemikhali iqinisa ibhalansi yamanzi, yenze kube lula ngezimbali ukubekezelela ukuswela umswakama. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ijwayele ukwakheka kweseli, ithuthukisa i-photosynthesis (okuyisihluthulelo sokwakha uhlaza oluhlaza), yenza kusebenze umsebenzi wama-enzyme ahlukahlukene, iqinisa iziqu futhi inciphise ukuthambekela kokugqwala ne-powdery isikhutha. Kungcono ukufaka lo manyolo ngamanani amancane.

Umnikazi angazilungiselela ngokwakhe ingxube eyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuze enze lokhu, udinga ukuxuba u-25 g we-potassium phosphate no-40 g we-potassium sulfur, engeza u-30 g we-superphosphate (noma u-15 g wokuphindwe kabili), u-1 g we-magnesium sulfate no-10 g we-potassium sulfate. Igremu yalesi sakhi incibilika elitha lamanzi afudumele.
Inqubo yokufaka umquba ngobulongwe bezinkomo ayimnandi kumuntu, kepha yini ongayenzela isilwane sakho esiluhlaza okotshani! Umquba namanzi ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo kufakwa esitsheni, kuvalwe ngesembozo bese kubekwa endaweni emnyama inyanga. Ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa, okuqukethwe kuyanyakaziswa futhi kuhlanjululwe ngamanzi 1:10.

QAPHELA! Ebusika nasekwindla, awukwazi ukondla iziphuzo.

I-Substrate

Ummeleli we-Afrika eshisayo uthanda inhlabathi egcwele amanzi, enesihlabathi nge-asidi ebuthakathaka noma engathathi hlangothi (5.5-7). Kusuka esitolo ungaletha inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo yezitshalo ezinomsoco, okungezwa amalahle ekhaya. Ngokwakheka okuzimele kwenhlanganisela, umhlaba wesoyi nesihlabathi esiqatha kutholakala. Ukuxuba isilinganiso - 2: 1.

Ukuthena

Lapho uthena izitoko, amahlumela anezifo nokukhubazeka ayasuswa. Ukuphathwa okunjalo kungakhuthaza ukukhula futhi kuthuthukise ukubukeka kwamnandi. Zingabanjwa minyaka yonke. Indawo yokusika ifafazwa nge-carbon powder noma ngomlotha wokhuni.

Isithombe

Esithombeni ungabona ukuthi isitoko sokwakha sibukeka kanjani.

Izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha

Iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu yokusabalalisa le mbali? Ngezimbewu noma ngemifino? Ake sicabangele zombili izinketho ngokuningiliziwe.

Imbewu

Indlela yokukhiqiza ilungele abalimi abanesineke kakhulu. Imbewu ivuthwa kancane - unyaka noma ngaphezulu. Enye i-nuance engathandeki ukungakwazi ukubikezela ukubonakala kwesitshalo esizayo. Isizathu - ngokukhululeka kokuwela zonke izinhlobo zamasheya ezikhona nomunye.

Okokuqala, udinga ukulinda ukuvuthwa kombungu. Lesi sikhathi siyahluka kusuka ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya onyakeni owodwa nohhafu.
Imbewu ilahlekelwa ngokushesha ukuhluma kwayo, ngakho ukutshala akukwazi ukuhlehliswa. Ziyindilinga, ziyisicaba, zinombala onsundu. Zihlanjululwa nge-fluff emhlophe futhi zigcinwa amahora ama-2-3 kusixazululo esibuthakathaka se-potassium permanganate.
Ekuqaleni kukaMashi, bahlwanyelwa esitsheni esiyisicaba nenhlanganisela eqediwe. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe lula (isibonelo, ingxube ye-peat nesihlabathi). Imbewu ibekwe ngaphezulu, imbozwe ngengilazi noma ifilimu yokudla phezulu ukudala umswakama ongu-100%, bese ibekwa endaweni ekhanyayo. Ukushisa kwegumbi kugcinwa ebangeni lama-22-24 degrees. Umhlabathi kumele uhlale unomswakama.
Izithombo zivela emasontweni ama-3-4 ngemuva kokuhlwanyela.
Izithombo zitshalwa ezimbizeni ezihlukene noma izinkomishi ezinobubanzi obungamasentimitha ayi-6-8.

Ukufakelwa okulandelayo kungunyaka olandelayo. Iziqu ezincane zidluliselwa ezitsheni ezinkulu ngokwedluliswa kwemali. Ungalinda ukuqhakaza ngonyaka wesithathu noma wesine. Izithombo zingomiswa ngokususa ifilimu kusenesikhathi. Izinga lokuhluma kwezinto ezintsha lisondele ku-100%.

Izizathu zokungabikho kwamahlumela:

usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi seluphelelwe yisikhathi;
imbewu yahlwanyelwa ngokungalungile;
bakhohlwe ukubanisela ngesikhathi.

Izithelo

Ukukhiqizwa kwemifino kusebenza kakhulu futhi kushesha kakhulu. Ngakho-ke uyisiphula kanjani imbali kahle?

Inqubo inqunywa esiqwini somama ngensingo ebukhali, yomiswe izinsuku ezimbili emoyeni omusha. Amahlumela amadala kakhulu, obekufanele asuse noma kunjalo, afanelekile njengokusikwa. Ukusikeka kuyimpuphu namalahle. I-blade ifakwe inzalo ngaphambili. Indawo ikhethwa ifudumele ngokungenisa umoya okuhle.
Ama-cuttings atshalwa ezitsheni ezingashoni ngenhlanganisela yama-peat chips nesihlabathi esimahhadlahhadla. Ungasebenzisa kuphela isihlabathi esake sabalwa ngaphambilini kuhhavini.
Iziqukathi zitholakala emafasiteleni ewindi lasempumalanga, eningizimu noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga.
Ukunisela kokuqala akusikho ngaphambi kwezinsuku ezimbili. Njalo ekuseni, ukufafazwa kwenhlabathi nokufakwa umoya kwenziwa.
Uma ama-cuttings eqala kahle, ungasebenzisa okokuvuselela ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele.

OKUBALULEKILE! Ibhodwe elilungisiwe bekufanele ngabe ligcwaliswe ngaphezu kwengxenye yamanzi. Okokuhambisa amanzi, ubumba olunwetshiwe, izinhlayiya ezincane zepulasitiki, ubumba shards, i-gravel, nezitini chips kuyakhethwa.

Kokubili inhlabathi kanye namapayipi amanzi kubulawa amagciwane ngaphambi kokutshala (futhi ukufakelwa futhi) - ngomphunga noma ngamanzi abilayo.

Dlulisa

Amasheya amancane adinga ukutshalwa kabusha njalo entwasahlobo. Ukuvuthwa - kanye njalo eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemithathu. Uma umnikazi engazange enze izihlahla ezihlukile, amahlumela aphakathi nendawo ayasuswa kuzinhlobo ezindala. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngeke besakwazi ukuqhakaza. Ngenxa yohlelo lwempande olubuthakathaka, ibhodlela lokufakelwa lithathwa lingajulile.

Isitshalo esivuthiwe esikhishwe ebhodweni sihlanzwa ngokucophelela izinsalela zenhlabathi bese sishiywa emoyeni omusha amahora ambalwa. Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, i-slipway ayinamanzi izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze izimpande zingaboli. Lapho nje umhlaba usuka emaphethelweni ebhodlela uye ezansi impela, ungathatha umsele wokunisela. Kwama-livers amade kwanele ukushintsha ungqimba lomhlabathi ophezulu.

Ubukhulu besitsha buya ngosayizi wesitshalo. Kwabamele abasha bohlobo, izimbiza ezincane ziyalungiswa, ngemuva konyaka zithathelwa indawo ezinkulu ngobubanzi. Abalimi abanolwazi bayelulekwa ukuba bakhethe ibhodwe lepulasitiki, ngoba ligcina uketshezi kangcono. Kepha ama-ceramics angakhanyiwe nawo angathengwa.

Kungani isitshalo singaqhakazi?

Izimbali zamasheya ziyaqhubeka phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo. Imbali eyodwa iphila kusuka ezinsukwini ezi-3 kuye kwezingu-5.

Esinye sezizathu zokushoda kwezimbali ukungabi khona kokukhanya.
Enye imbangela engaba khona ukuntuleka kwe-potassium. Ngenxa yalokhu, ubukhulu obuluhlaza bukhula kancane, futhi amahlumela awakhiwe kahle. Isibonakaliso sokuqala sendlala ye-potassium yilokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukushiswa okuncane. Amaphethelo ansundu weziqu angathi ashile. Endabeni yezimpawu zokuqala zesifo, kufanele wondle ngokushesha.
Inketho yesithathu ukuhlukunyezwa komanyolo ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-nitrogen. Uma isazi sezimbali sikhohlwa ukufaka isihlabathi ebhodweni, naso ngeke sizibone siqhakaza.

Izifo nezinambuzane

I-REFERENCE! Lapho isitshalo sithola i-potassium eningi lapho sondla, kukhula kakhulu ukumelana nezifo.

Uma iziqu ziba bomvu-nsomi, lesi sitshalo sishiswa kakhulu futhi mhlawumbe sishiswe yilanga. Kumele ihlelwe kabusha ngokushesha iye endaweni enomthunzi.
Ukuncipha kweziqu, ukuzelula kwazo ngokweqile kwenzeka ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhanya. Ibhodwe lihanjiswa endaweni ekhanyisiwe noma ukukhanya okungeziwe kuvuliwe.
Amanzi amile enhlabathini aholela ekuthelelekeni kwefungal kanye nokubola kwezimpande. Isibonakaliso salokhu amahlumela ashwabene. Uma indawo ethintekile incane, ungazama ukusika ingxenye ebolile bese ucubungula lonke ihlathi ngesisombululo se-0.05% se-Bordeaux liquid. Ezimweni zokulimala okubanzi, insindiso isakazwa kuphela ngokusikwa.
Uma okuyisisekelo esitokisini kwaqala ukubuna kuphenduke kuphuzi, bese siwa, lolu daba luphula ibhalansi yokudla okunempilo, i-potassium eyeqile. Imithamo ye-Groundbait yehliswa ngesigamu.

Izinambuzane ezithinta amasheya ama-aphid, mealybugs kanye nezibungu zesicabucabu. Ukulwa nomunye wabo kunezici zayo.

I-aphid ejwayelekile ihlala ezihlokweni zesitoko bese isinda ngokumunca ujusi. Le nqubo isebenza kakhulu kangangokuba ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa isitshalo siqala ukukhubazeka, ukusonteka futhi some phambi kwamehlo ethu. Ukufafaza nge-Aktara kunikeza imiphumela emihle ngesikhathi esifushane. Ungasebenzisa ikhambi lomuntu - i-tincture ye-anyanisi ikhasi, i-garlic noma i-yarrow.
I-mealybug ibuye imunce amajusi kusuka efihlekile naseziqu, kepha kunzima kakhulu ukulwa nayo, ngoba amakhemikhali (ngokwesibonelo, i-Actellik, Bankol, iTsimbush) anobuthi kakhulu futhi ayingozi kubantu. Vikela amehlo akho, umlomo nekhala. Isibungu sidinga ukwelashwa okungu-2-3 zilandelana.
Amabhola amancanyana, afana noboya, izigaxa ezimhlophe eziqu, kanye nemicu empunga efihlekile kukhombisa ukuvela kwesicabucabu. I-Stapelia, inhlabathi, imbiza ngaphakathi nangaphandle kufuthwa ngama-acaricides (Neoron, Nissoran, Apollo). Ngemuva kosuku, uma abantu ababukhoma behambile, kwenziwa ezinye izinqubo eziyi-3-4 (kufanele kudlule izinsuku eziyi-10 uma isimo sezulu sifudumele ngokulingene, 5 - uma kushisa) .Imikhaza ebukhoma esele iqoqwa ngesandla, futhi ubukhulu bomuthi wokusetshenziswa okulandelayo buyanda izikhathi ezi-2.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma uhlelo lwempande lubola?

Ukubola kwezimpande ngenxa yokuchichima kuyinkinga ejwayelekile. Iziqu zesitshalo ziphenduka zibe buthakathaka. Okuwukuphela kwenketho ukuhlanganisa. Isiqu sinqunywa kakhulu kunendawo yokubola (noma kudubula indodakazi enempilo) futhi itshalwe ngokuhambisana nemithetho yokusika.

Ubunzima bokuqukethwe

UStapelia angaba yisilwane esihle sekona eliluhlaza lasekhaya, uma kungenjalo "kepha". Ukuthuthwa kwempova yizimpukane ezibolayo "kungukugqamisa" kwale mbali. Ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kunakekele isicupho salabo bantu abathutha impova - iphunga elikhumbuza abanye ngephunga lenyama ebolile, abanye njengezinhlanzi ezibolile, futhi kukonke - kukwenza ucindezele ikhala lakho.

Okuwukuphela kohlobo olungenalo iphunga elinyanyekayo yi-flavo-purpurea, emila eNamibia.

Buka ividiyo ngezimfihlo zokunakekela nokukhulisa amasheya ekhaya:

Isiphetho

Lesi "simbali senkanyezi esinezinwele" sizohlala ngokujabula kunoma yiliphi ikhaya, abanikazi bazo ngeke besabe iphunga elingajwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaphathwa kalula nayo ekhaya, ngokwesibonelo, ngokutshala islipway ku-florarium noma ukuyilungisa kuvulandi. Izimbali ezinhle kakhulu, ezikhumbuza izakhamuzi ezinhle zasolwandle, zizomangaza umnikazi wazo isikhathi eside.

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