Amathiphu okukhulisa nokunakekela i-pelargonium ephuzi. Imbali isithombe

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I-Pelargonium Ephuzi yimbali engajwayelekile. Ukuthenga esitolo sezimbali akuyona into elula.

Ngakho-ke, isitshalo esinjalo ukuziqhenya kwanoma yimuphi umlimi! Futhi uma unenhlanhla yokuba umnikazi wayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imithetho yokunakekelwa ukuze imbali ikujabulise isikhathi eside.

Okulandelayo, ake sikhulume ngezinhlobonhlobo ze-solar geranium. Ungayifaka kanjani futhi uyisakaze ngendlela efanele. Cabanga ngokuningiliziwe ngodaba lwezifo nezinambuzane.

Umlando wemvelaphi

Imfihlo yokubonakala emvelweni wepelargonium ophuzi ayaziwa. Mhlawumbe lo mbala wezimbali uvele ngenxa yoshintsho oluthile. Noma mhlawumbe othile wake weza eYurophu evela eZwekazini Elimnyama igatsha elilodwa noma amabili ephuzi le-pelargonium (ngesiLatini libizwa ngokuthi yiPelargonium articulatum, noma i-Pelargonium echazwe), futhi kusukela lapho laziwa kuphela kumbuthano omncane wabathandi bezinkanyezi nabathandi bezinto.

Okungenani ochungechungeni lokuthengisa lwezitolo zezimbali, i-pelargonium ephuzi akulula ukuyithenga. Kepha, ngandlela thile, ikhona futhi iyalinywa.

Encwadini. Ubunzima bokuthola umbala ophuzi buchazwa iqiniso lokuthi izinhlayiya zemvelo eziyinhloko zepelargonium ngama-anthocyanins, imithunzi epinki ekhanyayo ne-lilac.

Bangabaphikisi be-carotenoids nama-flavone, abandakanyeka kumbala we-geranium ngamanani amancane kakhulu.

I-Pelargonium echazwe ine-gene ephuzi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye inamaqabunga aqinile kakhulu hhayi izinhlaka ezinhle kakhulu zamahlathi. Imizamo eyengeziwe yabafuyi iqondiswe ekwandiseni lezi zimfanelo, abaholi bazo okuyizinkampani zamaNgisi i "Thompson & Morgan" kanye ne "Van Meuwen".

Incazelo ye-Botanical

Incazelo yezinto eziphilayo zepelargonium ephuzi ephuzi ihambelana ngokuphelele nayo yonke imingcele yezinhlobo ze-geranium. Lesi sitshalo sihlala njalo, i-herbaceous noma i-semi-shrub. Isihlahla siqondile, sinamaqabunga aminyene. Iziqu zinamagatsha, zime noma zihamba. Amaqabunga ambozwe yi-fluff, umphetho wamaqabunga yi-wavy. Izimbali ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence ama-umbellate ambalwa noma amaningi.

Isithelo lesi siyisigaxa esinama-sepals agciniwe, avuleka ukusuka ezansi kuye phezulu. I-pelargonium enombala ophuzi ingeyesitshalo sezinhlobo. Ukwahlukaniswa kwama-geraniums ngama-geraniums nama-pelargoniums kwenzeka kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Izinhlobo zePelargonium zihluke kakhulu ngesimo, usayizi, nombala wamaqabunga nezimbali. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-250 kanye nezigaba eziyi-14. Okuthandwa kakhulu yi-zonal pelargoniums, okubandakanya izinhlobo eziphuzi.

Ngokuma kwe-inflorescence, ama-pelargoniums ezoni ahlukaniswe aba:

inkanyezi (izimbali zimiswe okwe-asterisk);
i-tulip (izimbali zimiswe okwe-tulip);
izimbali (ukuma kwembali kusondele ekubunjweni kwe-rosebud engavulwa);
umdolofiya (izimbali zibukeka njengama-chrysanthemums amancane);
Abadikoni (izimbali ezincane eziningi);
Izinhlobo ze-Formosa (izimbali zibukeka njengezinkanyezi, kepha amacembe ahlukaniswe izingxenye ezi-5).

Inkomba. Uphawu lokuqala lomehluko phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-pelargonium ukuthi izimbali zazo zinokuhlelwa okungalingani kwamacembe: lezi ezimbili ezingaphezulu zinkulu kunezintathu ezingezansi. Okwesibili yimibandela yokuboshwa.

Izinhlobo zePelargonium azibekezeleli isimo sezulu esibandayo futhi azikwazi ukubusika emhlabathini lapho kubanda, ngokungafani nama-geraniums, avame ukubusika engadini emzileni ophakathi nendawo.

Ungathola imininingwane eningiliziwe mayelana nezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zepelargonium, izithombe zazo nemithetho yokunakekelwa lapha.

Izinhlobo ezivamile

Izinhlobonhlobo zokuqala ze-pelargonium ephuzi - "Owokuqala Ophuzi" - yethulwe emphakathini embukisweni "Izimbali-2009", futhi umsebenzi wokufuya okuhlosiwe kwepelargonium ngezimbali eziphuzi wenziwa kusukela ngeminyaka yama-80s yekhulu elidlule. Ukhokho we- "First Yellow" yi-pelargonium echazwe ngezimbali eziphuzi eziphuzi.

Abafuyi beqa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene: "I-Princess Fiat", "i-Lara Purnal", "i-Millfield Gem" nesitshalo sokuqala ukuze kutholakale umbala ophuzi ocacile wamacembe. Izinhlamvu zokuqala zazinomthunzi kakhilimu ocashile namamaki abomvu emacembeni.

Ezinye izinhlobo zepelargonium ephuzi:

IGuernsey Flair: ineziqu ezinamagatsha nezimbali ezikhanyayo zikalamula ezikhanyayo.
Ubisi lwebhotela: inezimbali eziluhlaza okotshani namakhasi aluhlaza velvety.
Amakhemikhali: umphumela wokuwela kwama-pelargoniums athile, une-inflorescence enhle yamacembe amancane okhilimu omncane.
IPelargonia pulverulentum Oribi Flats nePelargonia gibbosum - Izimbali ezinhlobonhlobo ezifana nalezo zesitshalo se-snapdragon, esinokumakwa okunsomi onsomi noma onsundu.

I-pelargonium enjalo ibizwa ngephuzi ngokunwebeka okuthile, ngoba izimbali zayo zinokhilimu, i-vanilla ne-lemon shades. Isikhathi saso sokuqhakaza sifushane, futhi awukwazi ukusibiza ngokuthi siningi: izimbali eziyi-3-5 kuphela ezakhiwa ngeziqu.

Isithombe

Bheka isithombe ngezinhlobonhlobo zembali:

Ungatshala kuphi futhi kanjani?

Izimo zama-pelargoniums anombala okhilimu nophuzi okhanyayo awehlukile kulezo ze-pelargoniums zezinye izimbali. Lesi sitshalo asihlonipheki kubalimi bezimbali, kepha kufanele sigcinwe endlini. I-Pelargonium ikhetha ukufudumala nokukhanya, noma kunjalo, ukukhanya kwelanga kufanele kugwenywe.

Ukunakwa! Imbali iyayithanda inkululeko futhi ayizizwa kahle kakhulu eduze kwezinye izitshalo.

Kungcono ukhethe imbiza ye-pelargonium engeyona ebanzi kakhulu. Embizeni ebanzi, isitshalo ngeke siqhakaze kakhulu. Ukunisela kufanele kube ngokulinganisela, ngoba ukuminywa kwamanzi kuthinta isimo sesitshalo kubi kunokuntuleka kwamanzi.

Ukukhanyisa nendawo

I-Pelargonium izwa kamnandi emafasiteleni asempumalanga naseningizimu, kepha ezimeni zasendlini kungcono ukuyifaka emisebeni eqondile yelanga. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-pelargonium zithanda ukukhanyisa okuphakathi, futhi kubo kungcono ukhethe indawo eduze kwewindi, kepha hhayi efasiteleni uqobo.

Izidingo zenhlabathi

Inhlabathi kufanele ibe ne-acidic kancane, equkethe izingxenye ezilinganayo zenhlabathi, isihlabathi nenhlabathi yensimu. I-Pelargonium isitshalo sase-Afrika esingasetshenziselwa inhlabathi enomsoco kakhulu. Ukudonsa okuhle kuyadingeka ebhodweni. Ukuxega kwenhlabathi kufanele kwenziwe ngezikhathi ezithile.

Inhlabathi yangaphandle kufanele ibhakwe kuhhavini ukubhubhisa izinambuzane kanye nezibungu zazo, kanye nokugxila kwezifo ezithathelwanayo. Akufanele ubeke impilo yembali engcupheni bese uyigcina emhlabeni, kukhona inhlabathi yepelargonium ezitolo ezinkulu eziningi futhi engabizi.

Ungayinakekela kanjani kahle?

Okokuqala, ngemuva kokuthenga imbali, kuyadingeka ukuthi uyihlole amaqabunga omisiwe nezinambuzane ezicashe ngaphansi kwazo. Ukuze uthole imbali, udinga ukukhetha indawo ekhanyayo, efudumele ngaphandle kwemisebe eshisayo yelanga nemidwebo futhi, mhlawumbe, ngaphandle kwezinye izitshalo.

Akunasidingo sokufaka kabusha i-pelargonium yezimbali ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthenga, noma ngabe umhlaba okuwo njengamanje ubonakala umncane kuwe. I-Pelargonium ayithandi inhlabathi enomsoco, emhlabathini onjalo iqhakaza kabi, futhi iphatha ngokweqile amanzi ngokweqile. I-Pelargonium ithanda umoya omusha, ngakho-ke ehlobo, esimweni sezulu esifudumele, kuhle ukuyigcina kuvulandi, lapho kungenzeka khona ukufiphaza.

Uma lesi sitshalo singaqhakazi, ukufakelwa kwaso kungenzeka kuphumelele. Uma isusiwe emhlabathini, impande ayidingi ukugezwa. Ubumba olunwetshiwe oluncane noma ama-shards aphukile athelwa ezansi ebhodweni, bese kuba ungqimba lwenhlabathi, bese kuthi isitshalo sibekwe phansi, sithelwe ngomhlaba, sithanjiswe kancane futhi siniselwe.

Ukufakelwa kwe-pelargonium ephuzi kwenziwa entwasahlobo. Uma ukufakelwa okuphelele kungenzeki, khona-ke inhlabathi engaphezulu iyashintshwa. Imbiza akufanele ibe banzi kakhulu kunesistimu yezimpande.

Ukuze ihlathi likwazi ukwenza kahle egatsheni, ngasekupheleni kobusika - ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo kuzofanela uliphine, ususe indawo yokukhula. Lokhu kuzokwenza ukuthi lesi sitshalo sikhiphe amahlumela amasha ohlangothini, sakhe isihlahla esihle ngokwengeziwe.

Ukunisela i-pelargonium ephuzi kufanele ibe ngokulinganisela, imbali ibekezelela isomiso kalula kunenhlabathi egcwele amanzi. Akunakwenzeka ukufafaza i-zonal pelargonium - ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, lokhu kungaba kubi ngezimbali. Amanyolo wamaminerali noma oketshezi amahle njengokugqoka okuphezulu kwe-pelargonium ekhulayo, futhi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza - i-phosphorus-potassium enokuqukethwe okuncane kwe-nitrogen. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kusetshenziswe masonto onke kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba.

Qaphela! Umanyolo wemvelo we-pelargonium awunakusetshenziswa.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Imvamisa, iPelargonium ithinteka ukubola okumpunga, kanye nesiqu nezimpande ezibolile. Iziqu namaqabunga e-pelargonium aphenduka aphuzi, ambozwe ngokuqhakaza okumpunga, abune, izimbali ziba namabala. Lesi sifo sefungal sikhula ngenxa yokuchelela ngokweqile nomswakama, kanye nokondla ngokweqile ngamanyolo we-nitrogen. Kuyadingeka ukusika i-poly, ususe amaqabunga athintekile, uyeke ukondla, uphathe isitshalo ngamalungiselelo we-fungicidal systemic (Vitaros, Fundahol, Rovrald, Ridomil-Gold).

IVerticellosis iyathanda kuqala ngokunisela ngokweqile: isikhunta siqala ukwanda emhlabathini futhi kancane kancane sihlanganise sonke isitshalo. Lapha kwanele ukwelapha imbali ngamafungicides bese uyifaka enhlabathini eyomile imbiza entsha.
Ukulimala okwenzeka ngemuva kwesikhathi futhi kuyisifo sokukhunta, futhi imibono yabalimi mayelana nokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi yelashwe iyahlukahluka. Abanye batusa ukufaka lesi sitshalo esikhundleni, abanye bayakwazi ukufeza ukwelashwa kwaso ekuqaleni kwesifo ngosizo lwe-Previkur neProfit-Gold.
Isifo esibizwa ngomlenze omnyama kuthinta impande ye-pelargonium. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa kaningi akusizi ngalutho, ngoba isikhunta salesi silwane asizweli kakhulu kuma-fungicides.
Ukugqwala - esinye isifo se-pelargonium, imbangela yaso ukugcwala kwamanzi kwenhlabathi nomoya. Amaqabunga esitshalo ambozwe ngamabala abomvu, futhi ohlangothini olubheke emuva - nge-convex foci yokutheleleka kwefungal. Lesi sitshalo siphathwa ngamafungicides futhi sihlanza izingxenye ezithintekile.
I-Aphid Ingabe inkathazo evame kakhulu. Amakholoni ezicabucabu ezincane ahlala ngeziqu, izimbali, ngaphansi kwamaqabunga e-pelargonium. Zingavela kunoma yisiphi isitshalo. Ungalwa nama-aphid usebenzisa amanzi anensipho kanye nemithi yokubulala izinambuzane ekhethekile, futhi kungcono ukususa izingxenye zesitshalo ezilimele kakhulu. Kusukela kumakhambi wesintu we-aphid, i-tincture kagalikhi noma anyanisi iyasiza.
Izibungu avele futhi aqale ukwanda esitshalweni lapho ukuchelela kunganele futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya liphezulu kakhulu. Ukuwaqeda, isisombululo sesepha, uwoyela wamaminerali noma amalungiselelo akhethekile wemikhaza asetshenziswa.
I-Whitefly imvamisa ifihla ngaphansi kwamaqabunga e-pelargonium, futhi ukuphuzi kwamaqabunga nezindawo ezinamathelayo kuwo kukhombisa ukuvela kwawo. Ungabhubhisa i-whitefly nge-karbofos noma ama-analogue ayo, kanye nokusebenzisa izingibe ezinamathelayo.

Okubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, isitshalo esinezifo kufanele sihlukaniswe nezinye, ngoba ukutheleleka kanye nezinambuzane kuthatha kalula izitshalo ezintsha, futhi ubhadane lungaqala engadini yakho yezimbali.

Izici zokuzala

I-pelargonium ephuzi, njengezinye izinhlobo zalesi sitshalo, isakazeka ngokusikwa kanye nembewu. Ukusabalalisa imbewu kukhiqiza izitshalo eziqhakaza kaningi nangaphezulu. Imbewu itshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile, omanzi phakathi nobusika futhi imbozwe ungqimba oluncane lwenhlabathi.

Lapho amahlumela okuqala echanyuselwa, inhlabathi ingafafazwa ngesikhuthazi sokukhula futhi imbozwe ngengilazi. Ngemuva kwamasonto ambalwa, izithombo ziyacwila futhi zihlwanyele ezitsheni ezahlukahlukene. Emavikini angu-6-8 ubudala, amahlumela alungele ukufakelwa ezimbizeni ezihlukene.

Ukuqothula ama-cuttings kusetshenziswa kaningi kakhulu futhi ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Ukudubula okunamagatsha asemaceleni kuyanqunywa, komiswe kancane bese kufakwa emanzini. Lapho izimpande zivela, lesi sitshalo sikulungele ukufakelwa emhlabathini.

Isiphetho

Ukunakekela i-pelargonium ephuzi akuhlukile kakhulu ekunakekeleni odadewabo bamanye ama-shades. Ukugcina imithetho elula yokugcinwa kwayo nokuzalaniswa kwayo, ungathola izitshalo ezinhle ezizothokozisa abanikazi hhayi ngezimbali ezinhle ezingavamile kuphela, kodwa futhi nangekhono lokwenza isimo esihle futhi esizolile egumbini.

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