IBlue Mosque: indaba engajwayelekile yethempeli elikhulu lase-Istanbul

IBlue Mosque iyisikhungo sokuqala samaSulumane e-Istanbul, naso esingezinye zezimpawu eziyinhloko zedolobha neTurkey uqobo. Lakhiwe ngezikhathi ezinzima zoMbuso Wase-Ottoman, ithempeli lalihlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa kwezitayela zokwakha zaseByzantium nezamaSulumane, futhi namuhla lesi sakhiwo saziwa njengobuciko obuyisibonelo bokwakhiwa komhlaba. Ekuqaleni, leli mosque laqanjwa ngokuthi iSultanahmet, ngemuva kwalokho isikwele lapho sikhona sabizwa khona. Kepha namuhla lesi sakhiwo sivame ukubizwa ngeBlue Mosque, futhi leli gama lihlobene ngqo nezangaphakathi zethempeli. Nakanjani uzothola incazelo eningiliziwe yethempeli kanye nolwazi olusebenzayo ngalo endabeni yethu.

Inkomba yomlando

Ukuqala kwekhulu le-17 kwakuyikhasi elibuhlungu emlandweni weTurkey. Ngemuva kokudala izimpi ezimbili ngasikhathi sinye, enye entshonalanga ne-Austria, enye empumalanga nePheresiya, umbuso wahlulwa ngemuva kokunqotshwa. Ngenxa yezimpi zase-Asia, umbuso walahlekelwa yizindawo ezisanda kunqotshwa zaseTranscaucasus, zanikelwa kumaPheresiya. Futhi abase-Austrian bazuza isiphetho seSivumelwano Sokuthula seZhitvatorok, ngokusho kwesibopho sokukhokha intela kuma-Ottoman sisuswe e-Austria. Konke lokhu kwaholela ekwehleni kwegunya lombuso emhlabeni, futhi ikakhulukazi kwehlisa isithunzi sombusi wawo, uSultan Ahmed.

Inqotshwe isimo samanje, i-padishah encane ephelelwe yithemba inquma ukwakha isakhiwo esikhulu kunazo zonke umhlaba ongakaze usibone - iSultanahmet Mosque. Ukuze afeze umbono wakhe, uVladyka wabiza umfundi womakhi odumile wase-Ottoman uMimar Sinan - umakhi wezakhiwo ogama lakhe linguSedefkar Mehmet Agha. Ngokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo, bakhethe indawo lapho kwakume khona iSigodlo Esikhulu saseByzantium. Isakhiwo namabhilidi aseduze kwacekeleka phansi, kwabuye kwacekeleka phansi nengxenye yezihlalo zababukeli ezasala eHippodrome. Ukwakhiwa kweBlue Mosque eTurkey kwaqala ngo-1609 futhi kwaphela ngo-1616.

Manje kunzima ukusho ukuthi yiziphi izinhloso ezaqondiswa uSultan Ahmed lapho ethatha isinqumo sokwakha mosque. Mhlawumbe, ngokwenza njalo, wayefuna ukuthola isihe sikaAllah. Noma, mhlawumbe, wayefuna ukuqinisa amandla akhe futhi enze abantu bakhohlwe ngaye njenge-sultan owayengazange anqobe impi eyodwa. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngemuva konyaka kuvulwe ithempeli, le padishah eneminyaka engama-27 ubudala yabulawa yi-typhus.

Namuhla, iBlue Mosque e-Istanbul, enomlando wokwakha ongaqondakali kahle, iyithempeli eliyinhloko ledolobha elikhulu, elinamalungu afinyelela ezinkulungwaneni eziyishumi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sakhiwo sesibe ngesinye sezindawo ezikhangayo kakhulu phakathi kwezivakashi zaseTurkey, ezivakashela lesi sikhungo hhayi nje kuphela ngenxa yesilinganiso saso, kodwa futhi nangenxa yobuhle obuyingqayizivele bomhlobiso waso wangaphakathi.

Izakhiwo kanye nomhlobiso wangaphakathi

Lapho eklama iBlue Mosque, umakhi wezakhiwo waseTurkey wathatha uHagia Sophia njengesibonelo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, wayebhekane nomsebenzi wokwakha ithempeli, elikhulu futhi elikhulu kunazo zonke izakhiwo ezazivele zikhona ngaleso sikhathi. Ngakho-ke, ekwakhiweni kwe-mosque namuhla umuntu angabona ngokucacile ukuhlanganiswa kwezikole ezimbili zokwakha - izitayela zaseByzantium noMbuso wase-Ottoman.

Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa lesi sakhiwo, kwakusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezibizayo zemabula negranite kuphela. Isisekelo se-mosque siyisisekelo esingunxande esinendawo ephelele engaphezulu kwe-4600 m². Esikhungweni salo kukhona ihholo lomkhuleko elikhulu elinendawo engama-2,700 m², futhi limbozwe idome enkulu enobubanzi obungu-23.5 m, etholakala ekuphakameni kwamamitha angama-43. Esikhundleni sezine ezijwayelekile ezine, kwafakwa amathempeli ayisithupha ethempelini, ngalinye lihlobisa amabhalkhoni angama-2-3. Ngaphakathi, iBlue Mosque ikhanyiswe kahle ngamawindi ayo angama-260, angama-28 awo asedome enkulu. Iningi lamawindi lihlotshiswe ngengilazi enamabala.

Ingaphakathi lesakhiwo liphethwe ngamathayili e-Iznik: kunezinkulungwane ezingaphezu kwezingu-20 zazo. Ama-shades amakhulu amathayela ayengamathoni amhlophe naluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngenxa yokuthi i-mosque yathola igama layo lesibili. Ekuhlobiseni kwamathayili ngokwawo, ungabona ikakhulukazi ama-motifs wezimbali, izithelo nemisayipuresi.

I-dome eyinhloko nezindonga kuhlotshiswe ngemibhalo eqoshiwe yama-Arabhu. Maphakathi kukhona i-chandelier enkulu enezinqwaba zamalambu wesithonjana, ama-garland nawo alula kulo lonke igumbi. Amakhaphethi amadala asemosque athathelwe indawo amasha, futhi isikimu sombala wawo silawulwa yimithunzi ebomvu enemihlobiso eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Sekukonke, ithempeli linezicabha eziyisithupha zokungena, kepha owokuqala, lapho izivakashi zidlula khona, useceleni kweHippodrome. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi lesi sakhiwo senkolo eTurkey asihlanganisi i-mosque kuphela, kepha nama-madrassas, amakhishi kanye nezikhungo zosizo. Futhi namuhla, isithombe esisodwa kuphela seBlue Mosque e-Istanbul esingashukumisa umcabango, kepha empeleni isakhiwo simangaza nezingqondo ezingazi ubuciko bokwakha.

Thola AMANANI noma ubhukhe noma iyiphi indawo yokuhlala usebenzisa leli fomu

Imithetho yokuziphatha

Lapho uvakashela i-mosque eTurkey, kufanele kulandelwe imithetho eminingi yendabuko:

1. Abesifazane bavunyelwe kuphela ngaphakathi ngamakhanda amboziwe. Izandla nezinyawo kufanele futhi zifihlwe emehlweni okubuka. Labo abeza ngendlela engafanele banikezwa izingubo ezikhethekile emnyango wethempeli.
2. Amadoda kufanele futhi alandele ikhodi ethile yokugqoka. Ikakhulu, abavunyelwe ukuvakashela i-mosque ngezikhindi kanye nezikibha.
3. Lapho ungena eBlue Mosque e-Istanbul, udinga ukukhumula izicathulo: ungashiya izicathulo zakho emnyango noma uzithathe uzifake esikhwameni sakho.
4. Abavakashi bavunyelwe ukuya emasikeni kuphela emaphethelweni esakhiwo; abakhonzi kuphela abangena enkabeni yehholo.
5. Akuvunyelwe ukuhamba ngemuva kocingo, ukhulume kakhulu, uhleke egumbini, futhi uphazamise amakholwa ekuthandazeni.
6. Abavakashi bavunyelwe ukuvakashela i-mosque eTurkey kuphela phakathi kwemikhuleko.

Encwadini: Uhambo oluhamba phambili olungu-10 e-Istanbul - okuyisiqondiso sokuhamba naso.

Ufika kanjani lapho

Kunezindlela eziningi zokufika kulokhu kukhanga kwe-Istanbul eTurkey. Okungeyona inkimbinkimbi kunazo zonke itekisi, okukhona kuyo iningi kakhulu ezifundeni zedolobha. Imali yokugibela yabagibeli abagibelayo yi-4 TL, futhi ngekhilomitha ngalinye kuzofanele ukhokhe i-2.5 TL. Kulula ukubala izindleko zohambo ngokwazi ibanga ukusuka lapho uqala khona uye entweni.

Ukusuka ezifundeni ezisenkabeni ye-Istanbul, ungafika eSultanahmet Square, lapho kutholakala khona iBlue Mosque, ngethilamu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuthola isiteshi sethilamu se-T1 Kabataş - Bağcılar ulayini bese wehla esitobhini saseSultanahmet. Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli kuzotholakala ngamamitha angamakhulu ambalwa nje.

Ungafika emasikeni usuka esifundeni iBesiktas ngebhasi ledolobha i-TB1, ulandela umzila weSultanahmet-Dolmabahçe. Kukhona nebhasi le-TB2 elivela esifundeni sase-Uskudar elibheke eSultanahmet - Çamlıca.

Funda futhi: Izici zemetro metro - indlela yokusebenzisa, uhlelo namanani.

Qhathanisa amanani entengo yokuhlala usebenzisa leli Fomu

Imininingwane ewusizo

• Ikheli: USultan Ahmet Mahallesi, Atmeydanı Cd. Cha: 7, 34122 Fatih / İstanbul.
• Isikhathi sokuvula seBlue Mosque e-Istanbul: 08:30 kuya ku-11: 30, 13: 00 kuya ku-14: 30, 15: 30 kuya ku-16: 45. NgoLwesihlanu kuvulwa ngo-13: 30.
• Izindleko zokuvakasha: mahhala.
• Isiza esisemthethweni: www.sultanahmetcamii.org

Amathiphu awusizo

Uma uhlela ukubheka iBlue Mosque edolobheni lase-Istanbul eTurkey, sikukwazisa ukuthi unake uhlu lwezincomo esesizethule, ezincike emibonweni yabahambi asebeke bavakashela isiza:

1. NgoLwesihlanu, i-mosque ivula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okudala izixuku eziningi zabavakashi emnyango. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuvakashela ithempeli ngolunye usuku. Kepha lokhu akukuqinisekisi ngokungabikho kolayini. Okufanelekile, udinga ukuya esakhiweni ngo-08: 00 - isigamu sehora ngaphambi kokuvula.
2. Ukuthatha izithombe eBlue Mosque akuvunyelwe, kepha akufanele uthathe izithombe zabakhulekeli.
3. Njengamanje (ekwindla ka-2018), umsebenzi wokubuyisela uyaqhubeka kulesi sakhiwo eTurkey, okungahle konakalise umbono wokubona. Ngakho-ke hlela uhambo lwakho oluya e-Istanbul unaleliqiniso.
4. Yize abesifazane benikezwa iziketi ezinde namakhakhasi emnyango, sincoma ukuthi nilethe okwenu. Okokuqala, izingubo zinikezwa ngezikhathi ezithile, okwesibili, ulayini omude uvame ukuqoqana lapho kukhishwa khona.
5. Ngokuvamile, uzodinga isikhathi esingaphezu kwehora ukuhlola ithempeli.

Amaqiniso Athandekayo

Amaqiniso athakazelisayo ngeBlue Mosque yase-Istanbul avula iveli lezimfihlo futhi asivumele ukuthi sibheke umlando weTurkey ngenye indlela. Sikhethe abafuna ukwazi kakhulu kubo:

1. Njengoba uSultan Ahmed ebengeke anqobe noma iyiphi impi enkulu futhi awine izindebe, umgcinimafa wombuso ubengakulungele ngokuphelele ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo esikhulu esinjengeSultanahmet Mosque. Ngakho-ke, i-padishah bekufanele ikhiphe izimali kumgcinimafa wayo.

2. Ngesikhathi kwakhiwa i-mosque, uSultan wafuna ukuthi izimboni ze-Iznik zinikeze kuphela amathayili anekhono kakhulu. Ngasikhathi sinye, ubenqabela ukuthi banikeze amanye amaphrojekthi wokwakha amathayili, ngenxa yalokho amafemu alahlekelwe kakhulu futhi anciphisa ikhwalithi yamathayili akhiqizwayo.
3. Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kweBlue Mosque eTurkey, kwaqubuka ihlazo langempela. Kwavela ukuthi ithempeli, ngokwesibalo seminaire, lasondela ethempelini elikhulu lamaSulumane laseMasjid Al-Haram eMecca, ngaleso sikhathi elaliyingxenye yoMbuso WaseTurkey. UPadishah uxazulule le nkinga ngokwabela izimali zokwengeza iminaret yesikhombisa kumosque wase-al-Haram.
4. Amaqanda entshe ayabonakala emalambini akuleso sakhiwo, asebenza njengendlela yokulwa nezintambo zomhlanga. Ngokwenye yezinganekwane, isicabucabu wake wasindisa umprofethi uMohammad kanti manje ukubulawa kwalesi sinambuzane kubhekwa njengesono. Ukuqeda izicabucabu ngendlela enobuntu, amaSulumane anquma ukusebenzisa amaqanda ezintshe, iphunga lawo elingaxosha izinambuzane amashumi eminyaka.
5. Elinye iqiniso elithakazelisayo ngeBlue Mosque lihlotshaniswa noPapa Benedict XVI. Ngo-2006, okwesibili kuphela emlandweni weSonto LamaKatolika, uPapa wavakashela indawo engcwele yamaSulumane. Elandela amasiko amukelwayo, upapa wakhumula izicathulo ngaphambi kokungena ethempelini, ngemuva kwalokho wachitha isikhathi esithile ngokuzindla eduze kwe-mufti eyinhloko yase-Istanbul.

Umphumela

IBlue Mosque eTurkey iyindawo ehehayo okumele ibonwe e-Istanbul. Manje njengoba wazi ngomlando nokuhlobisa kwayo, ukuvakasha kwakho kwethempeli kuzoba mnandi kakhulu. Futhi ukuze inhlangano yayo ibe sezingeni eliphakeme, qiniseka ukusebenzisa imininingwane esebenzayo nezincomo zethu.

Bukela ividiyo: Discovering Hidden Mosques in Istanbul (May 2024).