IMerida yidolobha lasendulo lamaRoma eSpain
IMerida (iSpain) idolobha lasendulo eMfuleni iGuadiana engxenyeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga yezwe, eduze komngcele wasePortugal.
Idolobha laseMerida, elinabantu abacishe bafike ku-60,000, lihlanganisa indawo engama-866 m². Idolobha lihlangene, ngejubane elizolile, ungahamba uzungeze futhi uhlole kahle ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, nakuzo zonke izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ngokukhulu ukushesha nangesikhathi esisodwa.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! IMerida ingaphansi kokuvikelwa yi-UNESCO, ngoba kunenani elikhulu kakhulu lezikhumbuzo kusukela esikhathini samaRoma eSpain.
Inkomba yomlando
Idolobha laseMerida lasungulwa ngamaRoma ngonyaka wama-25 BC. ngaphansi kuka-Emperor Octavian Augustus. I-Emerita Augusta - leli kwakuyigama laleli dolobha, elikhulu kunawo wonke nelichuma kakhulu e-Iberia. Ezikhathini zasendulo, u-Emerita Augusta waze wakhonza njengedolobha eliphakathi nesifundazwe saseLusitania.
Ngekhulu le-6, u-Emerita Augusta waba yisikhungo senkolo kuyo yonke iNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia.
Ngo-713 idolobha lanqotshwa amaMoor, umholi wawo kwakunguMusa ibn Nusayr. Emanxiweni esakhiwo sasendulo sokuzivikela, amaMoor akha inqaba entsha - iAlcazaba.
Ngo-1230, iNkosi kaLeon Alfonso IX yakwazi ukunqoba leli dolobha lisuka kuma-Arabhu. Ngemuva kokunqoba, wanikeza uMerida i-Order of St. James, futhi ngemuva kwalokho isikhathi eside umlando wedolobha wawuhlangene nomlando wamaKnights of Santiago.
Ngekhulu le-19, ifa lomlando likaMerida lathola umonakalo omkhulu. Lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi seMpi kaNapoleon kanye ne-Industrial Revolution.
Izikhangibavakashi zezikhathi zasendulo
Izinsalela zezakhiwo ezisinde esikhathini soMbuso WaseRoma yizona ezikhangayo eMerida naseSpain yonke. Zigxile enkabeni yedolobha elinomlando.
Inkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini yamaRoma
Ubudala betiyetha buyahlaba umxhwele: isakhiwo besikhona kusukela ngo-16-15. BC e. Isakhiwo senziwe ngesimo se-ellipse, ngemihlobiso emihle kakhulu ebunjiwe egcinwe odongeni lwangemuva. Inkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini ibingamukela izibukeli ezingama-6,000.
Kwaphela iminyaka engama-400 itiyetha lalisetshenziselwa injongo yalo, kepha ngekhulu lesi-4 lalikhohliwe, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwagqitshwa ngokoqobo ngaphansi komhlaba. Ngenhla, bekukhona kuphela izitendi ezi-7 zesigaba sokugcina, esathola igama elithi "izihlalo eziyi-7" ezinganekwaneni zendawo.
Maphakathi nekhulu lamashumi amabili, kwembiwa le nkundla kwenziwa ngokubuyiselwa kwayo okwalandela, futhi manje lolu phawu lusetshenziselwa imicimbi eyahlukahlukene. Njalo ngonyaka ngoJulayi, kwenziwa umkhosi waseshashalazini esiteji esidala, kanti abasanda kushada bahlela izikhathi zezithombe zomshado unyaka wonke.
- Inkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini yamaRoma itholakala emaphethelweni enkaba yomlando, eduze kwezindonga zenqaba. Ikheli: Plaza Margarita Xirgu, s / n, 06800 Mérida, Badajoz, Spain.
- Ungavakashela okukhangayo nganoma yiluphi usuku: ngo-Okthoba-Mashi kusuka ngo-9: 00 kuye ku-18: 30, nango-Ephreli-Septhemba kusuka ngo-9: 00 kuye ku-21: 00.
- Kungenwa mahhala ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-12 ubudala, eziyi-12 € zabantu abadala. Ngama-6 €, abadala, abantu abasha abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-17 nabafundi abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-25 bangathenga ithikithi. Ngokwengeziwe, nge-5 € ungathatha uhambo oluqondisiwe.
Uzoba nentshisekelo ku: ISalamanca iyisikhungo esibalulekile semfundo yaseSpain.
UMnyuziyamu Kazwelonke Wezobuciko BaseRoma
I-Museum of Roman Art ithola izivakashi cishe enkundleni yemidlalo uqobo. Ibonisa iqoqo elikhulu lezinto zakudala zasendulo ezivela enkathini yamaRoma, ezitholwe ngesikhathi kumbiwa eMerida. Kukhona izinto ezinjalo lapha: izitsha zobumba, ingilazi, amasampula wokudweba ematsheni amathuna, izithombe ezibaziweyo, izingcezu zamatshe asodongeni, amaqoqo e-numismatics anokukhethwa kwababusi.
Yonke imibukiso itholakala kumazinga amathathu. Kusenziwa ukumbiwa kwezinto phansi kwegumbi lokugcina amagugu.
- Ikheli lokuheha: Calle José R Mélida, s / n, 06800 Mérida, Badajoz, Spain.
- Umnyuziyamu uvaliwe ngoMsombuluko, kuthi ngeSonto wamukele izivakashi kusuka ngo-10: 00 kuya ku-15: 00. Kusukela ngoLwesibili kuya kuMgqibelo ngo-Okthoba-Mashi, umnyuziyamu uvulwa kusukela ngo-9: 30 kuye ku-18: 30, kuthi ngo-Ephreli-Septhemba kusuka ngo-9: 30 kuye ku-18: 30.
- Ithikithi eligcwele libiza ama-3 €, intengo encishisiwe i-1.50 €. Abahola impesheni banikezwa mahhala ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-65, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18, abafundi abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-25.
- Ukungena kwamahhala kwawo wonke umuntu kuvunyelwe ngoMgqibelo nangeSonto kusukela ngo-14: 00.
Ithempeli likaDiana
Ithempeli likaDiana, elakhiwa ngekhulu lokuqala-lesi-2, ukuphela kwesakhiwo senkolo samaRoma esisindile eMerida.
Lesi sici sibukeka sisihle futhi sikhulu: isakhiwo esingunxande esakhiwe ngamakholomu egranite. Amakholamu anenhloko-dolobha yaseKorinte, okujwayelekile ukwakhiwa kwamaRoma. Konke lapha kubukeka njengesakhiwo esiqinile, awudingi ukucabanga noma yini.
Kunamapuleti azungeze yonke imingcele yethempeli asitshela ngale ndawo yomlando.
Ithempeli likaDiana lasinda ngenxa yokuthi isigodlo se-Renaissance of the Count of Corbos sakhiwa nxazonke ngekhulu le-16. Izingcezu eziningana zalesi sigodlo zisasinda kuze kube yilolu suku.
Okubalulekile! Isakhiwo sibukeka sihle futhi sihle kakhulu kusihlwa lapho sikhanyiswa ngamalambu.
- Ikheli lokuheha: Calle Romero Leal s / n, 06800 Mérida, Badajoz, Spain.
- Ukuvakasha kukhululekile.
Umsele waseLos Milagros
Umsele waseMerida waziwa njengeLos Milagros, okusho ukuthi Umsele Wezimangaliso.
Ngekhulu le-1 lakhiwa ngamaRoma ukuhlinzeka ngamanzi kubantu basemadolobheni besuka echibini, abahlomele ibanga elingu-12 km. Umsele wamanzi uyisakhiwo esisindayo (ubude obungama-227 m, ukuphakama kwama-25 m), oqukethe izitezi ezintathu zamakhothamo, amathangi wamanzi nemibhoshongo yokusabalalisa. Ukwakhiwa kwakusetshenziswa izinto ezisindayo ezifana ne-granite, ukhonkolo, izitini.
Kuze kube manje, umsele wamanzi usufinyelele esimeni esonakele - yizinsika ezingama-73 kuphela ezisindile zaya emazingeni ehlukene. Kepha lokhu akukuvimbeli nakancane ekuthokoziseni ukuheha kokwakhiwa kwayo. Ukufakwa kwezitini ezibomvu kusetshenzisiwe ezinsikeni zegranite, futhi imengamo eyindilinga yomklamo wokunisela oqondile ifakiwe ngaphezulu kwezinsika.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Kukhona inguqulo yokuthi umqondo wokwakha osetshenziswe ekwakhiweni komsele wamanzi waseLos Milagros wasetshenziswa ama-Arabhu ekwakhiweni kweMosque yaseCordoba.
- Ikheli lokuheha: Avenida de La Via de La Plata S / N, 06800 Mérida, Badajoz, Spain.
- Ukuvakasha kukhululekile.
Ibhuloho lamaRoma
Kwakhiwa ibhuloho eli-arched phezu koMfula iGuadiana lokuxhuma i-Emerita Augusta neTarragona. I-granite eqoshiwe eqinisiwe yasetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Ekuqaleni, ibhuloho lalinobude obungu-755 m futhi lalinezikhala ezingama-62, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngenxa yokwanda koqweqwe lwamasiko ogwini oluseningizimu, izikhala zazifihliwe ngaphansi komhlaba. Manje inezikhala ezingama-60, kanti ubude bayo bungu-721 m.Futhi noma kunamapharamitha anjalo, leli bhuloho lingelikhulu kakhulu eSpain lezakhiwo ezinjalo ezasinda kusukela endulo.
Manje ibhuloho selihamba ngezinyawo ngokuphelele. Ixhuma isikhungo esingumlando saseMerida nezindawo zesimanje zedolobha. Ukusuka ohlangothini olunezindawo ezintsha, eduze nebhuloho, kunepaki ebabazekayo, ethokomele. Futhi ukusuka ohlangothini lwesikhungo esinomlando, ibhuloho "ligeleza" lingene enqabeni i-Alcazaba, lakha ukuhlangana okukodwa nalo.
Izixhumanisi zokuheha: Avenida Portugal s / n, 06800 Mérida, Badajoz, Spain.
Funda futhi: Yikuphi ukubukwa kwaseSeville okufanele ukubone?
Amagugu amaMoor: Alcazaba
Inqaba yamaMoor i-Alcazaba yakhiwa ngo-855 ngoku-oda kuka-Abd ar-Rahman II. Ngokuvamile, lo mkhuba we "Alcazaba" ujwayelekile kuyo yonke iNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia - ama-Arabhu ngesikhathi sokuqashwa kwakhelwa izinqaba ezinjalo kuwo wonke amadolobha. Kepha, uma iqhathaniswa namanye amadolobha aseSpain, inqaba esedolobheni laseMerida incane.
Umjikelezo wenqaba usendaweni yesikwele enobude obuseceleni obungamamitha ayi-130. Ubukhulu obulinganiselwe bezindonga ezakhiwe ngamabhulokhi egwadle ngu-2.7 m, ukuphakama kungu-10 m. Imibhoshongo engama-25 yakhiwe ezindongeni ebangeni elifanayo ukusuka komunye nomunye.
Uma ukhuphuka odongeni, ungababuka ukubukeka okuhle koMfula iGuadiana kanye neRoman Bridge.
Maphakathi nesikhala sangaphakathi senqaba kunentilongo encane embozwe. Ngaphakathi komhlaba kukhona indawo yokuhlanza amanzi: kusetshenziswa uhlelo olukhethekile lokuhlunga, amanzi avela emfuleni ahlanzwa ukuqinisekisa izidingo zokuphuza zabahlali bedolobha.
- Ikheli lokuheha: Plaza de Espana, 06001 Mérida, Badajoz, Spain.
- Ungayibona inqaba nsuku zonke ngezikhathi ezinjalo: Ephreli-Septhemba kusuka ngo-9: 00 kuya ku-21: 00, Okthoba-Mashi kusuka ngo-09: 30 kuya ku-18: 30.
- Izindleko zethikithi eligcwele ngu-6 €, ithikithi lemvume ngu-3 €.
Qhathanisa amanani entengo yokuhlala usebenzisa leli Fomu
Ukuxhumeka kwezokuthutha
Ukusuka eMerida kuya esikhumulweni sezindiza esiseduze eBadajoz 50 km. Izikhumulo zezindiza ezikude kakhulu eziseSeville, eMadrid naseLisbon.
IMerida iyindlela enkulu yokuhlangana kwezitimela lapho izitimela zigijimela eMadrid, Lisbon, Seville, Badajoz, Caceres.
- Kukhona indiza esuka eMadrid iya eMerida kathathu ngosuku: ngo-08: 04, 10:25 no-16: 08. Isikhathi sokuhamba sezindiza ezihlukile sisuka emahoreni angu-4.5 kuye kwayi-6.5.
- Kukhona indiza eyodwa kuphela esuka eSeville ngo-17: 12, isikhathi sohambo amahora angama-3.5.
Insizakalo yebhasi eya eMerida nayo isungulwe kahle:
- Kusuka eMadrid, esiteshini sesitimela i-Estacion Sur, amabhasi akwa-Avanza agijima amahlandla ayi-7 ngosuku - aqala ngo-7: 30, okuwukugcina ukuhamba ngo-21: 00. Isikhathi sokuhamba amahora angu-4-5.
- Ukusuka eSeville, kusuka ePlaza de Armas, kanye ngosuku kunebhasi le-ALSA (ngo-9: 15), uhambo luhlala amahora amabili nemizuzu engu-15.
- Kunezinsizakalo zebhasi ezivela eLisbon ngo-8: 30 no-21: 30, isikhathi sokuhamba amahora angu-3.5-5.
Ungafika futhi eMerida ngemoto: ngasemgwaqweni omkhulu uRuta de la Plata (Gijon - Sevilla) no-A5 (Madrid - Badajoz - Lisbon).
Encwadini: Izinto eziyinhloko zeLisbon zichazwe kulesi sihloko ngesithombe.
Izintengo ekhasini zingezikaMashi 2020.
Umphumela
Siyethemba ukuthi lokhu kubukezwa okufushane kuzokusiza ukuthi uthole ukuthi iyini ngempela - idolobha laseMerida (eSpain). Ukuthatha uhambo, funda izincazelo bese ubheka izithombe - ukuze wazi kusengaphambili ngazo zonke izindawo ezithakazelisa kakhulu kuleli dolobha elihle laseSpain.
Amadolobha amancane we-TOP-14 eSpain, okufanele ukuvakashelwa: