Ukukhulisa nokunakekela i-pelargonium: amathiphu nezici

Kudala, izambulela ezigqamile zalesi sitshalo zihlobise cishe zonke izindlu ezweni lethu. Ngemuva kwalokho wabizwa ngembali yongxiwankulu futhi wangathandwa. Kepha namuhla futhi le mbali enhle nesebenzisekayo iyakhazimula emafasiteleni amaningi ezindlu nezindawo zokuhlala.

Futhi akusizi ngalutho ukuthi lesi sitshalo esingenakuzithoba siphinde sithandwe ngokufanele ngabalimi bezimbali abanolwazi nabasanda kuqala. Kulesi sihloko, uzofunda ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi ungakhula kanjani i-pelargonium ekhaya, ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani futhi ulwe nezifo.

Siyini lesi sitshalo?

QAPHELA: Ezindlini eziningi efasiteleni kunezimbiza zezitshalo ezinama-inflorescence akhanyayo. Wonke umuntu uwabiza ngama-geraniums. Futhi ngabalimi bezimbali abanolwazi kuphela abazi ukuthi lawa ngama-pelargoniums.

IGeranium nePelargonium kungokomndeni waseGeranium, onemikhakha emihlanu, okuthandwa kakhulu uhlobo lwePelargonium, kanti iningi kakhulu uhlobo lweGeranium. Isizathu sokudideka kwamagama sangekhulu le-18, lapho uKarl Linnaeus, usosayensi odumile wangaleso sikhathi, ngephutha abeka izitshalo eqenjini elilodwa, ngokususelwa ekufaneni kwesigaxa sezithelo.

Ngemuva kwalokho babelwa izizukulwane ezahlukahlukene ngusosayensi wezitshalo waseDashi uJohannes Burman. Ngaphandle kokufana kwangaphandle, lezi zitshalo ezimbili nazo zinomehluko omkhulu: i-geranium ayibekezeleli amakhaza kanti i-pelargonium iyi-thermophilic, ngakho-ke i-geranium isitshalo sengadi, kanti i-pelargonium isitshalo sasekhaya.

Izici nemibandela yokukhula

Ukuze wazi ukuthi ungakhula kanjani i-pelargonium eluhlaza ngezimbali ezikhanyayo, kwanele ukuyinakekela kalula.

Ukukhethwa kwenhlabathi

Ukuze ukhule kahle, kudingeka izimbali eziningi ze-pelargonium, inhlabathi ekhishwe kahle, kufaka phakathi umquba, i-peat, i-humus nesihlabathi.

Ukunisela okufanele

Umswakama ophansi ubalulekile ohlelweni lwempande olunempilo. I-Pelargonium, njenge-geranium, kungcono ukungamanzi kunokuba uthele... Uma lesi sitshalo besikade sise-substrate enamanzi isikhathi eside, sisongela ngokubola kohlelo lwempande.

Ehlobo nasebusika, umbuso wokuchelela ohlukile uyadingeka. Kepha njalo uphawu oluhamba phambili lwesidingo somswakama womhlabathi olandelayo yisimo salo esomile. Akunasidingo sokufafaza amaqabunga.

Ukukhanyisa okuhle

IPelargonium isitshalo esithanda ukukhanya, ngakho-ke siqhakaza kahle emafasiteleni anelanga... Uma ehlobo esensimini, khona-ke kufanele akhethe indawo, evikelekile emoyeni naselangeni, yize ikhula kahle emthunzini oyingxenye. Uma ukukhanya kunganele, isiqu singavezwa.

Umbuso wethempelesha

Ukukhula nokuqhakaza okujwayelekile, izinga lokushisa kwe-pelargonium liyadingeka okungenani ama-degree ayi-10-12 Celsius, okulungile kufinyelela kuma-degree angama-20.

Ukuthena

Ukuthenwa kungenzeka ekwindla nasentwasahlobo... Kepha uma kunesidingo (ngokwesibonelo, lapho amagatsha engenalutho), ungathena nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Ukuthena kunikeza:

1. Ukwakhiwa komqhele omuhle futhi ohlangene.
2. Ukwanda kwamahlumela oseceleni kanye nokuvela kwama-inflorescence rudiments.
3. Izimbali eziqhakazile nezichichimayo.
4. Okwakho okokutshala.

ICEBISO: Ukuze uvikele ukubola, indawo esikiwe ingafafazwa, isibonelo, amalahle agayiwe.

Ukufaka phezulu

Ukwakha isihlahla esihle, ukwanda kwegatsha leziqu, udinga ukucindezela amahlumela amancane. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngaphambi kwentwasahlobo noma ekuqaleni kwawo, okungukuthi, ngoFebhuwari-Mashi. Kepha lapho kudingeka - lapho kudingeka.

Ukuncina, ukuncinza noma ukuncinza ukususa okuphezulu ezitshalweni ezisencane ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhula kwamahlumela asemaceleni ukuze isitshalo singanwebeli phezulu, kodwa kube yisihlahla. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuncinza, kubalulekile ukuthi kungalimazi isitshalo esiyinhloko.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ukuqinisekisa ukuqhakaza okude nokuchichimayo kwama-pelargoniums, kumele bondliwe ngezinto ezidingekayo... Imithetho yokondla:

• Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, kunconywa umanyolo wamaminerali oketshezi onobuncane be-nitrogen kanye ne-phosphorus ephezulu. Ngaphambi kokufaka umanyolo oketshezi, isitshalo kufanele siniselwe ukuze sigweme ukulimala ezimpandeni. emhlabathini owomile, umanyolo ungazishisa.
• Ngentwasahlobo nasehlobo, isidingo sokondla i-pelargonium siphezulu, ungasiqala ekuqaleni kukaMeyi futhi uchithe kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba.
• I-Potassium ineqhaza ekuqhakazeni okukhanyayo, okuchichimayo nokuhlala isikhathi eside.
• Esikhathini sezulu esishisayo, kungcono ukungayenzi inqubo noma ukudlulisela isitshalo emthunzini.

OKUBALULEKILE: Umanyolo wezitshalo zasendlini ungathengwa ezitolo zezimbali bese ulandela imiyalo yawo.

Izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha

Ungazala kanjani lesi sitshalo? I-Pelargonium ingasatshalaliswa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, ngembewu noma ngemifino (ukusika).

Ukwahlukanisa isihlahla

Le mhlawumbe yindlela elula yokuzala i-pelargonium ne-geranium. Isihlahla esimbiwe kufanele sihlukaniswe ngokucophelela futhi ingxenye ngayinye kufanele itshalwe ezitsheni ezihlukile. Inhlabathi ihlangene kancane futhi iyanisela.

Izithelo

Uma i-pelargonium isatshalaliswa ngokusika, izogcina zonke izici ezahlukahlukene.... Le ndlela yokuzalanisa yenziwa ngezigaba ezi-3.

Ilungiselela ukusika:

• unqume amahlumela anempilo futhi aqinile;
• susa amaqabunga aphansi;
• usike ukusika kuze kufike ku-10 cm ubude, uma uhlobo lwe-pelargonium lincane, unga - kusuka ku-3 cm;
• yenza izingcezu phakathi kwamaqabunga;
• yomile etafuleni amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu.

Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi:

• okungcono kakhulu kungaba ingxube evulekile ye-peat, i-perlite, umquba kanye nenhlabathi yensimu ye-calcined;
• I-perlite kufanele ibe ngaphansi kathathu kune-peat.

Ukusika isigaba sokutshala:

• beka amanzi ezansi ebhodweni;
• uthele inhlabathi elungisiwe ngaphezulu;
• hlanganisa kancane inhlabathi eduze kwenqubo etshaliwe;
• uyinisele ukuze ibe manzi kancane.

QAPHELA: Izimpande kufanele zakheke emasontweni amathathu kuya kwamane emva kokutshala. Ungasebenzisa enye indlela - faka ukusika emanzini amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu egumbini elifudumele.

Lapho:

1. kungcono ukuthatha isitsha se-opaque samanzi (ukuze izimpande zisebumnyameni);
2. engeza i-carbon esebenzayo;
3. shintsha amanzi njalo ezinsukwini ezimbili kuya kwezintathu;
4. lapho izimpande zivela, faka ama-cuttings ezimbizeni.

Buka ividiyo mayelana nokusakazwa kwe-pelargonium ngokusika:

Ukukhulisa i-pelargonium kusuka kwimbewu ekhaya

Uma ama-geraniums engadi angavamile ukutshalwa kusuka ezimbewini, ancamela indlela yokuzala kabusha, khona-ke Imbewu yePelargonium ihlwanyelwa ngisho ngabaqalayo ku-floriculture.

Okubalulekile lapho utshala i-pelargonium kusuka embewini:

• isikhathi sokuhlwanyela;
• ukukhethwa kwembewu;
• ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi;
• umbuso wokushisa;
• inqubo yokutshala.

Ngakho-ke, cabanga ngenqubo yokukhulisa imbewu ye-pelargonium igxathu negxathu.

Isikhathi sokugibela

Ukukhanya okwanele kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuhluma okuhle kusuka kumbewu... Ukuze ungasebenzisi izibani ezingeziwe ngesimo sezibani, kunconywa ukuthi utshale imbewu hhayi ngaphambi kokuphela kukaJanuwari, lapho amahora emini aseqalile ukwanda.

Ukukhethwa kwembewu

Imbewu kumele ibe:

• enkulu;
• yinde futhi iminyene;
• nsundu ngomthunzi we-matte.

Isikhathi sokuhluma kwembewu sincike ohlotsheni noma ezinhlobonhlobo zepelargonium... Ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuhluma kwembewu, udinga:

• khipha ingxenye yegobolondo, unikeze ukufinyelela kwezakhi ezisembewini.
• ukuhluma okungcono, gcoba imbewu nge-sandpaper enhle kabili noma kathathu.

Ukulungiselela ingxube yenhlabathi yokutshala

Lokhu kuzodinga:

• ingxenye eyodwa ye-peat;
• ingxenye eyodwa yesihlabathi somfula;
• izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba oyisoyi;
• bhaka ingxube imizuzu emibili kuya kwemithathu.

Umhlabathi wokubumba ungathengwa ezitolo ezikhethekile... Kepha akufanele igcwale ngokweqile ngezinto zezimbiwa, ngoba kuyilapho izithombo zihluma isikhathi eside.

Umbuso wethempelesha

Izinga lokushisa elizungezile ngemuva kokuhlwanyela kubhekwa njengelifanele ukufika kuma-22 degrees Celsius, futhi akukho ngaphezu kwama-20 elanele izithombo.

Inqubo yokutshala

Okufanele ngikwenze:

• Gcwalisa amabhodwe ngenhlabathi yokubumba ezingeni lokushisa lama-21-22 degrees.
• Fafaza ngamanzi afudumele.
• Yenza izimbobo ebangeni lamasentimitha amabili.
• Thela inhlabathi kuze kufike ku-1 cm embewini esemigodini.
• Thambisa kancane.
• Vala amabhodwe ngefilili ngemigodi emincane eyenziwe kuwo ukuze kungene umoya.

Akunconyelwa ukubeka amabhodwe efasiteleni ngaphambi kokuvela kwamahlumela.... Lapho amahlumela okuqala evela, ifilimu kufanele isuswe ukuze kungabikho umswakama ophakeme, futhi amabhodwe kufanele adluliselwe efasiteleni.

Okudingekayo ekwakheni uhlelo lwempande olusebenzayo kuyadingeka ukukhulula inhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile bese ukhetha izithombo. Ukuvuna kungukuhambisa izithombo ezincane ezitsheni ezinkulu ezinenhlanganisela entsha yenhlabathi. Kwenziwa lapho kuvela amaqabunga amabili.

Ukukhulisa isihlahla esihlangene se-pelargonium, ngemuva kokuvela kweqabunga lesihlanu, kufanele kwenziwe ingcosana yehlumela elincane. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kwe-pelargonium lapho sisatshalaliswa yimbewu kuvame ukuvela ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, kanti i-geranium yensimu ekhule isuka ezimbewini iqala ukuqhakaza ngonyaka olandelayo kuphela.

Buka ividiyo mayelana nokusakazwa kwe-pelargonium ngezimbewu:

Yiziphi izifo ezithandwa yizo?

Ngenxa yokungalandelwa kwezimo ezifanele, ukutshalwa kwe-pelargonium kungagula. Cabanga ngezizathu eziyinhloko zempilo engeyinhle yesitshalo:

1. Ngenxa yenhlabathi egcwele amanzi... Ukubola kwezimpande lapho isisekelo sesiqu senziwa mnyama. Isikhunta esimpunga (isikhunta emaqabungeni). Amaqabunga ayabuna futhi ayawa. Ukuvuvukala (amapayipi amanzi emaqabungeni).
2. Kusuka ekuniseleni okunganele... Amaqabunga aphuzi futhi awe. Kuphela emaphethelweni amaqabunga aluhlaza owomile.
3. Ngokushoda kokukhanya... Amaqabunga awela (ngisho nohlaza okotshani). Iziqu azinalutho.
4. Kusuka emoyeni wasendlini ofudumele ngokweqile... Azikho izimbali, yize isitshalo sibukeka siphilile.
5. Kusukela ekushiseni okuphansi... Ukubomvu kabusha komphetho wamaqabunga.

I-Pelargonium nakanjani ifa kuphela uma ithinteka ukubola kwezimpande, ngenkathi kungcono ukubhubhisa isitshalo. Imbangela yokubola okumpunga akugcini ngokunisela ngokweqile kuphela, kepha futhi nokutheleleka ngefungus yaseBotrytis, lapho-ke isitshalo kufanele siphathwe nge-fungicide. Kwezinye izimo, kwanele ukususa izingxenye ezilimele futhi ungafaki imbangela yesifo.

Izinambuzane ezinkulu

Izinambuzane eziyinhloko ze-pelargonium ama-aphid nezimpukane ezimhlophe.... Ama-aphid ayisinambuzane sombala oluhlaza, ompunga noma omnyama. I-whitefly ibukeka njengovemvane oluncane elimhlophe. Zombili izinambuzane zivame ukutholakala ngaphansi kwamaqabunga. Amalungiselelo akhethekile okubulala izinambuzane, angathengwa ezitolo zezimbali, asiza ukulwa nawo.

Ungathola okuningi ngezifo nezinambuzane ze-pelargonium lapha.

IPelargonium ifanelwe ukuhlobisa noma yiliphi ikhaya ngokuqhakaza kwalo okukhanyayo nokukhanyayo. Phambilini, bekubhekwa njengesitshalo sezicukuthwane, futhi eYurophu nase-United States, i-pelargonium ibisikhule isikhathi esingaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka.

Bukela ividiyo: The Types of Pelargoniums That I Grow - Part One (Juni 2024).