I-fockea emangalisayo: incazelo, izinhlobo, ukunakekelwa, izifo nokuzala kabusha

Muva nje, iziphuzo ezithandwayo sezithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi bezitshalo. Hhayi ukuhlekisa kakhulu, ukumelana nesomiso, okujabulisa iso ngobuhle babo - baluthola ngokushesha uthando lwabantu.

Esinye salezi zitshalo yi-fockea. Yiziphi izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo zalesi sitshalo, mayelana nemithetho yokunakekelwa, izifo nezinambuzane, nokuthi ungayisabalalisa kanjani kahle le mbali emangalisayo - ngaphezulu kwalokhu esihlokweni sethu.

Incazelo

IFockea wuhlobo lwezitshalo zomndeni waseLastovnev, oluhlanganisa izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingaphezu kwezilishumi ezikhula eNingizimu Afrika, Namibia, Botswana naseZimbabwe. Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, amagatsha awo afinyelela kumamitha ama-4, kepha ezimweni zasendlini ikhula ngesizotha - kuze kufike kumamitha ayi-0.5. Okusaqanda, ngokucijile okuncane emqhele, amaqabunga anamathiselwe emagatsheni anama-petioles amafushane. Ingxenye engezansi yesiqu iyaqaqeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, yakhe i-caudex.

Ikhula ngokushesha ezitshalweni ezincane, ikakhulukazi lapho zifakwa ebhodweni elikhulu. Ngokukhula, ukukhula kokuqina kwe-basal kwe-succulent kuyahamba kancane, bese kungahle kuyeke.

Ukushiwo kokuqala kwalezi zitshalo kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19. Kepha kunemithombo ethi i-fokea yatholwa ngisho nangaphambilini, ngoba isampula elifanayo lesitshalo lalethwa enkantolo yombusi wase-Austria ukuhlobisa ingadi ngalokhu exotic. Kodwa lo mnandi waqanjwa ngokuhlonipha i-physiologist nodokotela odumile - uGustav Voldemar Fock.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobo ze-Fockea ezidumile

U-Edulis

Yaziwa nangokuthi i-Fokeya edliwayo, isinkwa se-Hottentot, kanti abantu base-Afrika bakubiza ngokuthi yi-Berbaro, Bergkambru, Kambara, Cambra, Cambro noma Hotnotvaatlemoen. Izimpande zawo ziyadliwa futhi zinokunambitheka okunoshukela okomnandi kancane. I-Fokeya edulis isitshalo esingapheli esinamahlamvu ambalwa. Izimpande ezinkulu nesisekelo sesiqu zisontekile.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-caudex ingcwatshwa emhlabathini futhi ikhule ngokushesha, ifinyelela kububanzi obungu-60 cm.Isitshalo sine-dioecious, ngakho-ke ukuze kukhiqizwe kabusha kudingekile ukuthi kube nezinkukhu zabobulili obuhlukile eziseduze. Izimbali ziluhlaza okomhlophe mhlophe, zimi ngendlela ye-asterisk, zikhipha iphunga elimnandi elikhanyayo. Izimbali eziningana zingaba ku-peduncle eyodwa. Amacembe azungezwe i-calyx enkulu. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kwakhiwa ama-pods aluhlaza okotshani.

Le vidiyo ikhombisa uFokeya Edulis ngokuningiliziwe:

I-Multiflora

Ebizwa nangokuthi iPineon vine / vine. Ungumvini omkhulu omnandi onamahlumela ongafinyelela kumamitha ayi-15. I-Caudex iqukethe inani elikhulu lejusi lobisi olunobuthi. Imbewu, izithelo namaqabunga e-Fockea multiflora makhulu kakhulu kunezinye izitshalo zalolu hlobo. Izimbali kungenzeka noma kungabikho amahlamvu. Izimbali ezinamacembe amahlanu zinombala ophuzi ngokuluhlaza okotshani. Izithelo zingama-pods amile okwezimpondo anobuso obushelelezi, zikhula ngababili, zivule futhi zikhiphe imbewu enamaphiko lapho isivuthiwe.

I-Curly (Crispa)

Uphinde abe yiCape Fokea, uhlobo oluthandwa kakhulu. Amagatsha ezinwabuzelayo ezinamanga amnandi ebusweni bomhlaba, kepha angaphotha azungeze uhlobo oluthile lokusekelwa futhi akhule aye phezulu njengemivini. Amaqabunga ama-elliptical-oval ombala oluhlaza okotshani abiyelwe nge-curly. Ngemuva, iqabunga linombala onsomi. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, lesi sitshalo sinezimbali ezingenamusa ezinjengezinkanyezi zohlobo oluhlaza okotshani.

I-Capensis (Capensis)

Uthanda umhlabathi onamadwala. Izimpande ezinoshukela omuncu zivame ukucindezelwa phakathi kwamatshe. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okweqanda okwe-elliptical ane-pubescence enhle. Ishidi lisongwe kakhulu ezinhlangothini. Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, kuvela izimbali ezincane ezinjengezinkanyezi, ezinamacembe asontekile asontekile olwandle oluhlaza. Isithelo siyimbumba enezimbewu.

Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya

1. Ithempelesha. Ehlobo, kuze kufike ku-35 ° C, ebusika, uma kugcinwa kukodwa, izinga lokushisa elingu-12-13 ° C liyathandeka, ubuncane bungu-5 ° C.

   Okubalulekile! Lesi sitshalo sibekezelela isithwathwa esifushane, kepha i-fokea kufanele icishe inganiselwa.

2. Ukunisela. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, i-fockea ikhula ngenkuthalo, ngalesi sikhathi kufanele iniselwe kakhulu, njengoba inhlabathi ephezulu iyoma. Ebusika, ungazikhawulela ekuniseleni okukodwa ngenyanga. Uma i-caudex isithambile, sekuyisikhathi sokunisela isitshalo. Ngesikhathi sokuchelela, ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ukuze amanzi angangeni ku-caudex.
3. Ukukhanyisa. UFokeya ukhetha ukukhanya okukhanyayo, okukhulu. Kepha zonke izitshalo ze-caudex zinesici esisodwa - ukushisa ngokweqile kuyingozi ku-caudex. Kufanele imbozwe ngesikrini kuze kube yilapho i-fokea ikhule ngokwanele ukuze amaqabunga namahlumela amboze i-caudex.
4. Ukuncoma. Inhlabathi ekhululekile ilungele iziphuzo ezinesihlabathi esincane. Ukuze uthole ingxube yokuzilungiselela kwakho, udinga ukuthatha: izingxenye ezi-3 zesihlabathi noma i-perlite, izingxenye ezimbili zenhlabathi yensimu, izingxenye ezimbili ze-humus, ingxenye eyodwa yamalahle namathambo okudla, i-lime noma inani elincane leqanda. Ukuhambisa amanzi kahle kubalulekile.
5. Ukuthena. Ngokwemvelo, yonke ingxenye engaphezulu engaphezulu ye-fokea iyafa ngezikhathi ezomile, kepha ekhaya lokhu akwenzeki, futhi i-fokea ingaqhubeka nokwandisa amahlumela. Ukuthena kungasetshenziswa ukulawula ukukhula. Lesi sitshalo sibekezelela kalula ukuthena futhi silulame ngokushesha ngemuva kwaso. Uma ulimaza iziqu noma i-caudex ye-fokea, kuzokhishwa ijusi lobisi olunoshevu kubo. Vikela izandla zakho lapho usebenza nesitshalo.
6. Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ukuze i-caudex ikhule ngamandla futhi ihlobise, sebenzisa i-nitrogen, okokugqoka oketshezi. Kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-Agasti, okumnandi kufanele kuphakwe njalo emavikini ama-2-3, ngomanyolo we-cacti.
7. Imbiza. UFokee udinga imbiza enkulu ngenxa yokuthi uhlelo lwayo lwempande luvame ukukhula ngokushesha. Uma imbiza ingenkulu ngokwanele, ingahle iqhekeke.
8. Dlulisa. Uhlelo lwempande lwe-fokea luthuthukiswe kahle futhi lukhula ngokuqinile. Njalo ngonyaka, entwasahlobo, ibhodwe elikhulu liyadingeka. Lapho ufaka kabusha izitshalo ezincane, i-caudex ishiywa ezingeni elifanayo. Kudala, i-caudex iphakanyiswa kancane kancane ngaphezu kwenhlabathi. Kusukela ekufakweni kokuqala, kubalulekile ukufaka ukusekelwa ebhodweni bese uqinisekisa ukuthi amahlumela akhuphuka kuphela kuwo.

   Iseluleko! Uma ufuna isibonisi esimangazayo se-fokea, kuzodingeka ukuthi wenze ukudluliswa okujwayelekile ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo.

9. Ubusika. UFokee udinga isikhathi sokuphumula sasebusika. Uma i-succulent igcinwa endaweni ebanda kakhulu futhi yomile phakathi nobusika, wonke amaqabunga ayo angawa, futhi isitshalo sizongena esimweni sokulala. Uma isitshalo sigcinwa sifudumele, inkathi yokukhula ingahlala unyaka wonke. Ngokuchelela ngokweqile ebusika, ukubola kwezimpande kungenzeka.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

• Ukuzaliswa kwama-cuttings akunakwenzeka. Noma zingasuswa, azikwazi ukwakha i-caudex.
• Ukukhiqizwa kabusha ngezimbewu.

Uma izinto zokutshala zingasasebenzi, kufanele zifakwe emanzini. Uma imbewu isanda kuvunwa, ungaqala ngokushesha ukutshala.

1. Umkhumbi ugcwala nge-substrate ye-peat, isihlabathi somfula ne-perlite (ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo), umanziswe futhi imbewu ingcwatshwa kuyo.
2. Isiqukathi esinezitshalo sibekwa endaweni efudumele enokukhanya okuhle, kepha kude nelanga eliqondile.
3. Ungabeka ucezu lwengilazi ngaphezulu, noma ugoqe isitsha kupulasitiki osobala.

Usebenzisa ukuvikelwa okunjalo, uzodinga ukukukhipha nsuku zonke imizuzu eyi-10-15 ukuze izitshalo zivulwe.

Uma konke kwenziwa ngokuya ngemithetho, izithombo zizovela ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuya kwezi-14 bese ziqala ngokushesha "ukufuthelana" izisekelo zazo. Ama-fockeys awakhuliswa ngaphandle.

Ukuqhakaza

I-Fockea iqala ukuqhakaza ngasekupheleni kwehlobo. Izimbali ezincane azigqameki futhi azibukeki, zimise okwenkanyezi enamaphoyinti amahlanu. Izimbali zihlala cishe izinyanga ezimbili. Ukuthena akuphazamisi ukuqhakaza kwezimbali. Uma i-fockea ingaqhakazi, ungazama ukuyifaka impova ngokuyikho, kepha lona ngumsebenzi onzima kakhulu ovame ukungalethi impumelelo.

Izifo nezinambuzane

UFokea unezimbalwa zazo:

• It is ikakhulukazi ethintwa whitefly, aphid kanye spider izibungu. Lesi sitshalo kufanele sihlolwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuthola izinambuzane.
• I-Fokea nayo ingathinteka yizifo zefungal.

Izitshalo ezifanayo

1. I-Petopentia natalensis (Petopentia natalensis)eyayikade ingeyohlobo lwe-Fockea, manje esingeyohlobo lwePetopentia.
2. I-Ficus microcarpa (Ficus micrpcarpa) Isitshalo esijwayelekile se-caudexform esivela kuhlobo lwe-Ficus.
3. I-Brachychiton - uhlobo olukhethekile lwezitshalo zase-Australia ze-caudexform. Kungumndeni wakwaMalvovye.
4. I-African Kedrostis (Kedrostis africana) - uhlobo oluvela kuhlobo lweKedrostis, oluhlukaniswa yi-caudex enkulu.
5. UPhyllanthus uyamangalisa (Phyllanthus mirabilis) Ingabe ukuphela kwezinhlobo zohlobo lwePhyllanthus ezakha i-caudex.

I-Fokea isitshalo okuthi, naphezu kokubukeka kwaso okungajwayelekile, kubukeka kungokoqobo. Kumele uqaphele igxolo elihle nobuso obuqoshwe nge-caudex. UFokeya akazithobile futhi uzoligcwalisa kahle igumbi.

Bukela ividiyo: My Caudiciform Succulent Collection July 2019 (Juni 2024).