Yini i-terry begonia, ukuthi yenzani ngokutshala nokunakekela ekhaya nokuthi izimbali zibukeka kanjani esithombeni?

I-Begonia isitshalo esivamile okuthi, ngenxa yezinhlobonhlobo zamahlamvu nezimbali, sathandwa inani elikhulu labalimi bezimbali.

Ukukhula ekhaya, izinhlobo ze-hybrid zisetshenzisiwe. Le mbali ayinakwa abaqambi bendawo ngenxa yemibala yayo egqamile, ukungathobeki.

Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka isithombe salesi sitshalo, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, kanye nezifo ezingaba khona.
Ungabakhiqiza kanjani lobu buhle?

Umlando wokubukeka

I-Begonia yatholakala ngo-1687 e-Antilles. Umtholi wayo kwakuyisazi sezitshalo esingumFulentshi uCharles Plumier, owahola umkhankaso wokuyofunda ngezimbali ezikhula kuleyo ndawo. Kuningi akweleta uMichel Begon, umphathi wekota yamakholoni aseFrance eCaribbean, ongazange azikhokhele izindleko zocwaningo lwesayensi. Ukumhlonipha, uPlumier waqamba igama imbali eyatholakala eziqhingini.

Incazelo yesitshalo

Isayensi yazi izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-900 zama-begonias nezinhlamvu eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili... Kungokwesigaba Izimbali, uhlobo - iBegonia. Amaqabunga anomumo ongalingani, ongenakulinganiswa, emaphethelweni afakiwe. Ngezansi kwamahlamvu kunombala obomvu, onsundu noma onsomi omnyama. Okuphezulu kuluhlaza okotshani, kwesinye isikhathi kufakwa imivimbo. Ama-inflorescence makhulu, aphakathi nendawo futhi amancane.

Imibala yabo ihlukahlukene:

• okuphuzi ngokugqamile;
• okubomvu okumnyama;
• umbala obomvana;
• okumhlophe;
• iwolintshi.

Imbali iyinsikazi neyeduna. Umphumela wokuphola impova yezimiso ezahlukahlukene yimbewu. Lesi sitshalo sikhula kanjena:

• utshani obusakazeka phansi;
• izihlahlana ezinde;
• izihlahlana.

Izinhlobo ezingaphansi

Ukubukeka kanye nenqubo yokukhulisa isitshalo kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukusihlukanisa sibe yizinhlobo eziyisihlanu eziyinhloko ze-begonias:

1. isihlahlana;
2. ziqhakaza njalo;
3. isifo sofuba;
4. isiqu;
5. impande.

Uhlobo ngalunye luhlukile. Phakathi kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo ezinhlanu, izinhlobo zokuhlobisa eziqhakazayo nezokuhlobisa nazo ziyahlukaniswa ngokujwayelekile.

1. Amahlamvu okuhlobisa begonias ibonakala ngamaqabunga amade amnandi akhula ngqo kusuka empandeni. Amahlamvu ahlaba umxhwele ngobuhle bawo nangokuhlukahluka kwawo. Anemibala kusuka kokukhanyayo okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okusiliva, obomvu ophuzi nonsundu onsundu.

   Abamele abafunwa kakhulu:

   • I-Royal begonias;
   • I-Metallica;
   • UBauer;
   • UCleopatra.
2. Umbono wokuhlobisa wezimbali ihlanganisa izitshalo ngama-inflorescence abushelelezi futhi aphindwe kabili, ngasikhathi sinye, imibala egqamile, yangempela. Ngaphandle kwezimo zezulu, ama-begonia ale subspecies alungele ukuqhakaza lonke ihlobo.

   Izinhlobo ezidumile:

   • Inxusa.
   • URosemary.
   • I-Cocktail.
   • UGloire de Lorrain.
   • UMarina.
   • UTerry.

Uzofunda ukuthi i-begonia ehlala izimbali izala kanjani lapha, futhi kulesi sihloko sikhulume ngemithetho yokutshala nokunakekelwa okulandelayo kwalezi zinhlobo zezitshalo.

Ikhula kuphi?

Izinhlobonhlobo ezaziwayo futhi ezisabalele zezimbali ze-begonias yi-terry. Kubantu abavamile yathola leli gama ngenxa yezimbali ezibucayi, imiphetho yazo ifana ne-makhra. Imbali ingeyezinhlobo zezitshalo ezihlala ziqhakaza... Isikhathi sokuqhakaza: ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo - ekwindla sekwephuzile.

Kwesinye isikhathi i-begonia ingahle ingachithi amaqabunga ebusika futhi iqhakaze unyaka wonke. Lesi sitshalo kulula ukusithola emafasiteleni emafulethini, nasehlobo emabhalkhoni, imibhede yezimbali. Into esemqoka ukuthola indawo enethezekile ngaye. Uthanda i-terry begonia umthunzi oyingxenye, kepha kunezinhlobonhlobo zabathandi belanga. Kufanele futhi uqinisekise ukuthi umswakama osegumbini ungama-60-70%, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, umswakama akufanele ungene emaqabungeni. Ukufafaza akunconywa.

Ukukhanyisa

UTerry begonias uthanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, noma kunjalo, ngaphandle kokungena okuqondile kwemisebe yelanga. Amaqabunga asengozini yokushiswa ngokweqile, ukushisa kungenzeka. Ehlobo, lidinga ukukhanyisa okusakazekile. Futhi, ukuze kuthuthukiswe umfaniswano, imbali kufanele iphendulwe ngohlangothi ngalunye iye elangeni. Kwenze lokhu ngezikhathi ezithile, cishe kanye njalo emavikini amabili. Ebusika, ngeke kwenzeke ngaphandle komthombo wokukhanya owengeziwe.

Umhlabathi

Ngokuzalisa i-begonias, izintandokazi zinikezwa izimbiza zenziwe ngobumba olunamapayipi ayimpoqo, lezi ziqukathi zihlukaniswa yizindonga ezinesibindi, eziqinisekisa ukungena komoya emhlabathini. Izimpande kulezi zimbiza zizophefumula. Umhlabathi kufanele ukhululeke, ukhanyise, ucebe ngamaminerali.

Ukwakheka okunjalo kudalwa yinhlanganisela yesihlabathi somfula, i-peat, umhlaba weqabunga, ubumba. Futhi inketho engcono kakhulu kungaba ukuthenga inhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo. Ngaphambi kokutshala, noma yimuphi umhlabathi kufanele ufudunyezwe futhi umanziswe kancane ngamanzi ahleliwe, izinga lokushisa ekamelweni.

Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya: ungasithena kanjani kahle nokuthi yini ongayondla?

I-Terry begonia ayifuni, kepha ukuze kukhule kakhulu futhi kuqhakaze izimbali ezinhle, kubalulekile ukugcina izimo ezifanele zokugcinwa kwazo.

1. Umbuso wokushisa kufanele ube kubanga elingu- + 19 kuya ku-24 ° С, ngenkathi ebandayo engehli ngaphansi kuka- + 16 ° С. Lesi sitshalo sikhetha amakamelo apholile anomswakama. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uvuse njalo ifulethi, kepha ungashiyi imbali isalungiswa. Izinguquko zokushisa zingasithinta kabi isimo sakhe. Ehlobo, i-begonia kufanele ikhishwe emoyeni omusha.
2. Ngezikhathi zasentwasahlobo nasehlobo, imbali yasendlini iyaniselwa kakhulu kabili ngesonto. Esikhathini esishisayo, ukuchelela kwenziwa nsuku zonke. Kepha qiniseka ukuthi uqinisekisa ukuthi uketshezi alumi ebhodweni, ngaphandle kwalokho uhlelo lwempande lungabola. Inhlabathi kufanele yomile phakathi kokunisela. Esikhathini sekwindla-ebusika, ukuchelela kuncane, isitshalo siphumula. Amanzi okunisela kufanele athathwe axazululwe kuphela noma abilisiwe.
3. Ungakhohlwa ngodobo. UTerry begonia uphakelwa kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-7-10, okungcono ngamanyolo wamaminerali. Ebusika, ukugqoka okuphezulu akufanele kusetshenziswe.
4. Isitshalo sasendlini sidinga ukusika izihlahla njalo, ngoba iziqu zisheshe ziluleke, zenze isimo esibi. Ukuthena kuzoba wusizo ekwenzeni ngcono inqubo yezimbali, ukwakheka komqhele, nokuvuselelwa kwama-begonias. Inqubo yenziwa ngommese obukhali ngokukhethekile.
   • Okokuqala ukusika: ukuphakama kwesitshalo 7 cm cm Sika u-2-3 cm ukuze usinike isimo esicocekile. Ngemuva kwenqubo, inani loketshezi olungenayo lincishisiwe isonto elilodwa, khona-ke ukuchelela kufanele kubuyiselwe.
   • Ukuthenwa kwesibili: izinqubo ze-lateral zifinyelele ekuphakameni kwamasentimitha ayi-10 kuya ku-15.Kudingeka ukusika iziqongo, ezizosiza amahlumela e-lateral ukuba athuthuke.
   • Ukuthena okulandelayo: uma kunesidingo, lungisa isimo, uthathe amaqabunga omisiwe, amahlumela.

Isithombe

Esithombeni ungabona ukuthi izimbali ze-red terry begonia zibukeka kanjani.

Izifo ezivamile nezinambuzane

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokuqedwa kwezimbali nokulahla amaqabunga namaqabunga ukunakekelwa okungafanele. I-Begonia ingaba ngaphansi kwezifo ezilandelayo:

• Isikhunta se-Powdery... Amaqabunga ambozwa ukuqhakaza okumhlophe futhi afe. Indawo evumelekile yalesi sifo umoya owomile, ushintsho olubukhali emazingeni okushisa, nasezinhlakeni. Ukulwa ne-powdery isikhutha, ukufafaza nge-fungicide noma isulfure kuyasetshenziswa.
• Ukubola okumpunga... Emahlumela nasezimbali, kwakhiwa izindawo ezinamanzi ezinokuqhakaza okumpunga, bese kuguquka ukubola okunsundu. Ama-curls amahlamvu, iziqu ziyabola. Lesi sifo sikhula endaweni enomswakama ophezulu namazinga okushisa omoya aphansi. Izitshalo ziphathwa nge-1% isixazululo se-Bordeaux liquid.
• I-Aphid... Le nkathazo ilwa ngokucubungula ukumnika kwe-celandine, kanye namalungiselelo nge-pyrethrum noma umhluzi we-anyanisi.
• Isicabucabu... Ukuvela kobulembu obuncane emaqabungeni kukhombisa ukuba khona kwalesi sinambuzane, esithanda indawo eyomile yasendlini. Umkhaza ubhujiswa ngesisombululo sensipho, ukwelapha iqabunga ngalinye le-begonia. Uma umonakalo omkhulu, balashwa ngezinto zokubulala izinambuzane.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

Okuvame kakhulu izindlela zokuzalisa i-begonia - imbewu, ukusika noma izilimo eziyizigaxa.

1. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari. Kukhethelwa isitsha esifanele lokhu, esinamanzi. Umhlabathi we-begonia uthululwa kuwo, khona-ke imbewu ngokwayo ihlwanyelwa, ifafaza inhlabathi engu-2-3 mm phezulu. Ukugoqwa kwepulasitiki kubekwa ngaphezulu kwesitsha. Izithombo zitshalwa ngaphansi kwezimo +23 - + 25 ° С. Nsuku zonke ifilimu iyasuswa, uma kunesidingo, inhlabathi iyaniselwa. Ngemuva kwamasonto ama-2-3, kuvela amahlumela okuqala.
2. Indlela yemifino. Sika isiqu esinempilo sesitshalo bese usinyakazisa ngokushesha ku-substrate elungiselelwe ngaphambilini. Kungaba sawdust, ingxube Peat nesihlabathi. Mboza ngefilimu esobala. Ungakhohlwa ngokushaywa kwesiqukathi njalo. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kwezi-14, ungabona izimpande, bese kuthi ngemuva kwamaviki amabili, ukusika kufakelwa embizeni. Le ndlela yenziwa kahle entwasahlobo.
3. Kusukela ekwindla, izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-begonia ezinempilo kufanele zigcinwe esitsheni nge-peat, moss noma i-sawdust egumbini elinokushisa okungu-6 ° C. Entwasahlobo, emavikini amabili ngaphambi kokutshala, izinga lokushisa kufanele lenyuswe lifike ku- + 18 ° C ukuze amahlumela aqanduselwe. Kulesi sigaba, i-begonia ingondliwa ngamaminerali kanye nomanyolo ophilayo. Ngokuvela kwamahlumela amancane, lesi sitshalo sitshalwe kabusha embizeni ehlukile.

UTerry begonia ngokuqinisekile uzoba yindlovukazi yekhaya lakho, unikezwe imibala ehlukahlukene nemvelo engafuni lutho. Into esemqoka ukulandela izincomo ezilula zokunakekelwa okufanele kwezitshalo. Futhi yena uzokubonga ngokuqhakaza okukhanyayo nokukhanyayo. Manje wazi konke ngama-begonia, kufaka phakathi ukutshala nokunakekela.

Bukela ividiyo: Kunamandla Ukwazi (Septhemba 2024).