Ukuphi, kubuhlungu kanjani nokuthi uwaphatha kanjani amanyikwe
Kule ndatshana yokubuyekeza, sizobheka ukuthi amanyikwe atholakala kuphi nokuthi abuhlungu kanjani, chaza izifo eziyinhloko zamanyikwe, unikeze izincomo ngokusetshenziswa kwemithi nokwelapha amanyikwe ekhaya ngamakhambi wesintu.
Ama-pancreas enza imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu, esebenza ebudlelwaneni obusondelene nezitho zokugaya ukudla, futhi ukwehluleka okuncane emsebenzini wawo kuzofaka izinguquko ezingezinhle kwinqubo ehambisanayo.
Odokotela baseGrisi lasendulo babebheka amanyikwe njengenye yezitho ezibaluleke kakhulu, ezibizwa ngokuthi "amanyikwe", okuhumusha ngokuthi "yonke inyama." Ngempela, lesi sitho senza imisebenzi engenakubuyiselwa, okuyinhloko yayo: ukulawulwa kwamandla we-metabolism nokugcinwa kokugaya. Ukugaywa kwamaprotheni, amafutha nama-carbohydrate emathunjini kungenxa yama-enzyme endlala, futhi ama-hormone ayo asebenza njengabalawuli ezingeni le-glucose yegazi.
Ukuphi amanyikwe
Ama-pancreas atholakala emgodini wesisu (cishe izinga le-vertebrae yokuqala neyesibili ye-lumbar). Isitho sitholakala ngemuva kwesisu futhi siseduze naso futhi nase-duodenum.
Uma siqagela ohlangothini lodonga lwesisu, indawo yalo icishe ibe ngu-5-10 cm ngaphezulu kwenkaba.
Inhloko yendlala izungezwe yi-duodenum, eyizungeza ngesimo sehhashi. Ngemithambo ye-pancreatic-duodenal, ukunikezwa kwegazi kumanyikwe kunikezwa.
Ama-pancreas abuhlungu kanjani?
Izifo zepancreatic ezifana ne-pancreatitis, i-adenocarcinoma, amatshe asemgodini we-excretory, i-necrosis nesifo sikashukela zivamile.
I-Pancreatitis - ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe, kanye nomonakalo wawo, kukhombisa izimpawu ezilandelayo:
- ubuhlungu endaweni ngaphansi kwezimbambo ohlangothini lwesobunxele;
- ubuthakathaka;
- ukujuluka okwandayo;
- inhliziyo;
- izinga lokushisa eliphakeme;
- isicanucanu, ukuhlanza;
- ukuphuphuka kwesikhumba namehlo amhlophe;
- isifo sohudo;
- mhlawumbe isimo sokushaqeka.
Ubuhlungu obukhulayo be-pancreatitis buvela ngokuzumayo, bungukushayisana okunamandla emvelweni - busakazeka kulo lonke uhlangothi lwesobunxele futhi bungasabalala ngemuva. I-Antispasmodics ayikwazi ukudambisa ubuhlungu, ukuncipha okuthile kungenzeka endaweni yokuhlala nokuthambekela phambili kancane. Kwesinye isikhathi isiguli sizwa "ukuqhuma" ngaphakathi, ngokomzimba sizwa ukukhuliswa kwendlala nengcindezi endaweni yezimbambo, ephazamisa ukuphefumula okugcwele.
Ngobuhlungu obandayo, i-gag reflex iyaqina. Ukuhlasela kungaphambi kobuhlungu. Imvamisa, ukuhlanza kuvela ekuseni noma kuyindlela yokuphendula ekudleni, okungukuthi, ngenxa yesifo sesisu. Ngemuva kokuhlanza, okunokunambitheka okumunyu noma okumuncu, ukukhululeka kuza isikhashana. Ukuhlanza kungaba ngokuhlelekile noma kuvele ngezikhathi ezithile.
Uma kwenzeka ukuhlaselwa ngamandla kwe-pancreatitis, kufanele uye esibhedlela ngokushesha, lapho odokotela bezobeka khona ukwelashwa kweziguli. Ngaphandle kokuthatha izinyathelo, lesi sifo ngeke sidlule.
Ngokuhlaselwa isikhathi eside kokuhlanza, isisu sihlanjululwa ngophenyo futhi kunqunywe ama-enzyme akhethekile ukuqeda ulaka lwamanyikwe nesisu.
Ukwelashwa ekhaya kwamanyikwe
Lapho i-pancreatitis isisesigabeni esiyingozi, ukuzila okuphelele kuyadingeka amahora angama-24-46. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukukhiqizwa kwejusi le-pancreatic kuzoncishiswa, kunciphise umthwalo kuma-pancreas. Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhula, umuntu ulahlekelwa isifiso sokudla. Ngalesi sikhathi, udinga ukuphuza amanzi amaminerali angenawo amakhabhoni, umhluzi we-rosehip noma isisombululo se-baking soda.
Izimpawu ze-pancreatitis ebukhali zifaka ukuhlanza nobuhlungu besisu obuhlala izinsuku ezimbalwa. Izimpawu ezifanayo zingakhombisa i-cholecystitis, i-appendicitis, ukuvimbeleka kwamathumbu, noma izilonda zesisu. Ukuze unqume ukuxilongwa okulungile, ukuvakasha kudokotela ngokushesha kuyadingeka. I-pancreatitis enamandla iphathwa kuphela esimweni esibhedlela.
Amakhambi abantu
Indlela ephumelelayo futhi engabizi yokwelapha amanyikwe ekhaya ukuhlanza isitho nemikhumbi yaso ngosizo lokudla. Ngezifo zamanyikwe, ukudla okuswidi kuyasuswa ekudleni (kusetshenziswa kuphela uju), ukudla okunamafutha, okuthosiwe nokunongwe, notshwala. Kuyafaneleka nokuyeka ukubhema. Kuyadingeka ukwethula imingcele ekudleni, ukudla ngokweqile akufanele kuvunyelwe. Iphalishi liyasiza, ikakhulukazi i-buckwheat ne-oatmeal. Umbuso wakho wokuphuza nawo ubalulekile. Udinga ukuphuza amanzi amaningi, ungangeza ujusi kalamula omncane osanda kufinywa emanzini akho okuphuza.
Amakhambi wesintu alandelayo azosiza ekwelapheni ubuhlungu bamanyikwe.
Ukucindezela kwe-yogurt
Isetshenziselwa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa kwepancreatitis. Izicubu ezithambile zimanziswa ngeyogathi bese kufakwa icompress esiswini esiswini. Kusala ukunamathisela isikhwama sepulasitiki ngaphezulu bese usigoqa ngesikhafu soboya noma isikhafu. Inqubo ithatha cishe amasonto ayisithupha.
Ingxube yegalikhi kalamula
Ukulungisa ikhambi lesintu, uzodinga i-1 kg yolamula, esetshenziswa nekhasi, amagremu angama-300 egalikhi kanye nenani elifanayo leparsley. Zonke izithako zigaywa esigayweni senyama. Amalamula afakwa ngaphambili. Le nhlanganisela igcinwa esiqandisini esitsheni seglasi futhi ithathwe kathathu ngosuku, 1 tsp. ikota yehora ngaphambi kokudla.
Ukuze uthuthukise umphumela, kunconywa ukuphuza ingxube nge-infusion ewusizo. Ilungiselelwe ngale ndlela elandelayo: thatha isilinganiso esilinganayo samajikijolo, i-lingonberry, amaqabunga e-sitrobheli, ama-stigmas ommbila, ama-pods kabhontshisi. Isipuni esisodwa seqoqo elivelayo lithelwa ku-thermos ngengilazi eyodwa yamanzi abilayo bese kufakwa ubusuku bonke. Ingilazi yokumnika ihlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu futhi idakiwe kanye nengxube kagalikhi. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa izinyanga ezintathu.
Ubisi umhluzi weparsley
Hlanza kahle ngo-800 amagremu we-parsley, usike kahle bese uthele ubisi olubilayo. Ukuze ulungise umhluzi, sebenzisa izitsha ezifakiwe. Ubisi kufanele lumboze ngokuphelele imifino. Umhluzi ubila ngokushisa okuphansi, ubisi akufanele luvunyelwe ukubila. Le ngxenye yanele usuku. Ukwamukelwa kwenziwa ngezipuni ezi-2 njalo ngehora.
Amathiphu Wevidiyo
Izimpahla zokwelashwa
Ukuze ukwelashwa kwezifo zamanyikwe kusetshenziswe amaqembu emithi.
Ukudambisa izinhlungu
Kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ze-Spasmolytic: "Drotaverin", "No-Shpa", "Baralgin", "Papaverin". Uma kwenzeka ubuhlungu obulinganiselwe, i-Iburofen noma i-Acetaminophen izosiza. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-analgesics ("Aspirin" noma "Paracetamol") nama-antihistamine afana ne- "Diphenhydramine", "Platyphyllin", "Atropine" kuyamukeleka.
Ama-enzymatic agents
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhiqizwa kwama-enzyme, iziguli zibekwa i- "Contrikal", "Aprotinin". Lapho ukuhlaselwa okunamandla kwehla noma ku-pancreatitis engapheli, ukwelashwa kwe-enzyme kuyadingeka ukusiza ukujwayela ukusebenza kokugaya ukudla. Kulokhu, khetha: "Mezim", "Panzinorm", "Pancreatin", "Festal", "Creon". Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kuphikisiwe uma kwenzeka ukungezwani komzimba namaprotheni engulube, ngoba le ngxenye iyisisekelo. Ebuntwaneni, ukusabela okunjalo kungavusa ukuvinjelwa kwamathumbu, khona-ke amakhambi azosiza: "Somilase", "Unienzyme", "Somilaza", asuselwa kupapa noma irayisi ukhunta.
Ama-enzyme asetshenziswa ngemuva kokudla. Udokotela ubeka umthamo odingekayo ngamunye. Kwezinye izimo, ngemuva kwenqubo yokwelashwa, kunqunywa ukwelashwa okusekelayo, okungahle kudingeke impilo yonke. Uma kwenzeka kwephulwa umsebenzi we-exocrine, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa ezilawula amazinga kashukela egazini - amalungiselelo e-insulin.
Ngezifo zamanyikwe, umuntu ngeke asebenzise imishanguzo yokuzelapha, engaqubula izifo ezinjengesifo sikashukela, i-necrosis, nobuthi begazi.
Ama-Antacids
Ukudambisa izinhlungu nokuvimbela ukucasuka, imithi isetshenziswa ngendlela yama-gel noma ukumiswa. Umsebenzi wabo ukunciphisa i-hydrochloric acid ("Fosfalugel", "Almagel") noma ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwayo ("Omez", "Proseptin", "Contraloc", "Omeprazole", "Otsid", "Gastrozol").
Amapancreas ubukhulu
Ama-pancreas asendaweni yesibili ngemuva kwesibindi phakathi kwezitho ezikhiqiza ama-enzyme. Kakade kusukela ngesonto lesihlanu lokukhulelwa, ukwakheka kwalo kuqala. Indlala yengane esanda kuzalwa ingama-5 cm, ngonyaka ifinyelela kuma-7 cm, kanti enganeni eneminyaka eyishumi icishe ibe ngamasentimitha ayi-15.Usayizi wokugcina wamanyikwe wakhiwa uneminyaka eyishumi nesithupha.
Ingxenye ebanzi kakhulu yamanyikwe yomuntu omdala iyinhloko: ngobubanzi ifinyelela kusuka ku-5 cm, ubukhulu ngaphakathi kuka-1.5-3 cm. Umzimba uyingxenye ende yesitho, ububanzi bayo buyi-1.7-2.5 cm. Okujwayelekile ubude bomsila - kufika ku-3.5 cm, nobubanzi - cishe 1.5 cm.
Ukubona izifo kwezokwelapha kusetshenziswa i-ultrasound, ngenxa yalokho kunqunywe ukuma nobukhulu besitho, okukhombisa isimo saso. Ezinye izindlela zokucwaninga zinzima ngoba amanyikwe atholakala ejulile ngokwanele.
Isakhiwo somzimba ophilayo sifanelana. Izinguquko ezincane ngosayizi wekhanda, umsila noma umzimba kungabhekwa njengokujwayelekile esimweni sezinkomba ezinhle kakhulu zokuhlolwa kwegazi kwe-biochemistry.
Imisebenzi yamanyikwe emzimbeni
Ama-pancreas aqukethe izinhlobo ezimbili zezicubu, ngayinye yazo enesibopho semisebenzi yayo ethile: i-endocrine ne-exocrine.
Umsebenzi we-Exocrine
Enye yezindima ezibaluleke kakhulu zamanyikwe emzimbeni ukukhiqizwa kwejusi le-pancreatic, eliqukethe usawoti, amanzi, ama-enzyme (zozymes).
Ama-enzyme epancreatic afaka:
- I-Trypsin ne-chymotrypsin (siza ukugaya amaprotheni)
- I-Amylase - iphula ama-carbohydrate;
- ILipase - iqedela inqubo yokwephula amanoni abengaphansi kwethonya lenyongo kusuka kugalbladder.
Ekubunjweni kwejusi le-pancreatic kunezinto ezilandelwayo - usawoti one-asidi, onikeza ukusabela kwe-alkaline. Lokhu kuthena amandla i-asidi yokudla okuvela esiswini futhi kusiza ukumuncwa kwama-carbohydrate.
Uketshezi lwejusi le-pancreatic kuhlobene ngqo nokudla. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma udla ukudla okwehlukile, kukhiqizwa ama-enzyme ejusi wokwakheka okuhlukile nevolumu.
Umsebenzi we-Endocrine
Ukukhishwa kwamahomoni egazini - i-glucagon ne-insulin - kungumsebenzi oyimfihlo wamanyikwe.
- I-insulin ilawula i-carbohydrate ne-lipid (isb fat) metabolism. Ikhuthaza ukugeleza kweglucose kusuka egazini kuya kumaseli nezicubu zomzimba. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuncipha ushukela wegazi. Ukuphazamiseka ekukhiqizweni kwe-insulin kuvusa ukukhula kwesifo sikashukela.
- IGlucagon ingabizwa ngokuthi ngumphikisi we-insulin ngoba yakhelwe ukukhuphula amazinga eglucose egazini. Amaseli e-alpha akhiqiza i-glucagon asiza ukukhiqiza into i-lipocaine, evimbela ukonakala okunamafutha esibindini.
- Amanye ama-hormone abalulekile emzimbeni nawo akhiqizwa, njenge-ghrelin, enesibopho sokudla futhi evuselela ukudla.
Imininingwane yevidiyo
Ukuphazamiseka okuningi kwamanyikwe kulula ukukuvimbela kunokwelapha. Ukugwema imikhuba emibi (utshwala nokubhema) nokudla okunempilo kunciphisa ubungozi bokuphazamiseka komzimba.