Okudingayo ukwazi ukuze uqonde ukuthi wenzeni uma wonke amaqabunga e-orchid ewile?

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I-orchid nakanjani iyimbali yokubukisa. Isitshalo esiqhakazayo siwumhlobiso ogqamile futhi ongavamile wanoma yiliphi igumbi. Ubuhle obuyingqayizivele kuphela obunomlingiswa ophambukayo, odinga ukunakwa. Konke kungenxa yokuthi, lapho izimbali zizalelwa khona ngamahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo anesimo sezulu esiswakeme nesishisayo. Ezindaweni zethu, ama-orchid adinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe, ngaphandle kwalokho izinkinga zenhlalakahle yobuhle zizovela ngokushesha.

Izici zezitshalo

Iningi labamele uhlobo lwe-Orchid, olukhuliswa emafasiteleni, lungelase-epiphytic class. Lezi yizitshalo ezihlala ezihlahleni noma kwezinye izitshalo, uzisebenzise njengesisekelo. Kodwa-ke, akuzona izidumbu.

Amahlamvu ama-epiphyte abaluleke kakhulu. Hhayi kuphela ngenxa yama-rhizomes, kodwa futhi namaqabunga amaqabunga, ama-orchid agcina ibhalansi yamanzi futhi athola izakhamzimba. Amaqabunga nawo adlala indima enkulu enqubweni ye-photosynthesis.

Ingemuva lenkinga

Izimpawu zokuqala zokuwa kweqabunga ukuphuzi kwepuleti, kanye nokumnyama ezindaweni zokunamathisela esisekelweni (sikhulume ngokuthi kungani amaqabunga nezimpande ze-orchid ziba mnyama nokuthi ungasiza kanjani isitshalo kule ndaba). Ezigabeni zokuqala, ungabheka inkinga, futhi siyini isizathu: izinqubo zemvelo noma ezingezona ezemvelo.

Enye i-harbinger ukuvela kobukhulu ebusweni beqabunga, ngoba imbali enempilo inamaqabunga abushelelezi namanzi. Lesi sibonakaliso sikhombisa ukuqala kokubhujiswa kwezicubu zomhlaba. Uma ungenzi lutho, ungalahlekelwa yikhasi.

Imiphumela

Ukuvela kwezingxenye eziphuzi ze-exotic kukhombisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezifo noma ukuguga. Ingozi enkulu akuyona ukubambezeleka, kepha ukusabela ngasikhathi sinye ezimpawu zokuqala. Nikeza usizo esitshalweni esigulayo ngesikhathi, ngoba imiphumela igcwele:

ukumiswa okuphelele kwezimpande;
ukuwohloka kwesimo esijwayelekile ngokuya ngezifo ezithathelwanayo;
ukuphazamiseka kokuthuthuka;
ukumiswa kwezimbali.

Amahlamvu aphenduka abe phuzi bese ewa. Lesi sitshalo sikumodi yokusinda. Futhi ukulahleka kwamaqabunga kufana nokukhishwa kwe-ballast, kepha amaqabunga kanye nezimbali eziqhakazile nazo ziyawa, i-peduncle iyoma, bese kuvela izinkinga nezimpande. Lokhu kungakhombisa izinkinga zempilo ezahlukahlukene, noma ezinzima. Ikakhulukazi uma lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi esifushane. Sidinga ngokuphuthumayo ukuthola isizathu sokwenza okungalungile.

Inqubo yemvelo futhi engeyona eyemvelo

Ngezikhathi ezithile, i-orchid ikhipha amaqabunga amadala. Akukho lutho olungalungile ngale nqubo, kunalokho, kubhekwa njengokujwayelekile. Inqubo efanayo ihlotshaniswa nomjikelezo wokuphila wesitshalo. Ipuleti leqabunga liqala ukushintsha kancane kancane, libe umbala ophuzi okhanyayo, bese lishwabana, libe mnyama futhi lome. Amaqabunga aphansi ajika aphuzi kuqala. Ukufa kwemvelo kwenzeka ngemuva kweminyaka engu-1-5.

Ngisho nobuningi obuluhlaza bungashintsha umbala, futhi kamuva buqhekeke, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza - imininingwane yezinhlobo ezithile ze-Orchid. Mhlawumbe imbali ilele, ilala ebusika. Lesi simo asibonakali kuzo zonke izinhlobo.

Umehluko phakathi kwezinqubo zemvelo zomzimba nezinto zangaphandle ukuthi:

ishidi elingezansi lifa kanye njalo eminyakeni engu-1-5;
inqubo ayithinti isimo esijwayelekile sesitshalo;
akukho ukuwa okukhulu kweqabunga.

Izimbangela

Iqabunga elinempilo linombala oluhlaza, liqinile, linamanzi futhi linamathela ngokuqinile esiqwini. Uma ijika iba phuzi, ibuna noma inyamalale, lokhu kuyisibonakaliso sokuthi inqubo ejwayelekile yomsebenzi obalulekile wesitshalo iyaphazamiseka, ngaphandle uma kungokwemvelo ukugxekwa.

Ama-orchid ayizitshalo ezingenamqondo futhi ezishaywayo. Bangasabela kabi ekushintsheni kwendawo yokuhlala, ukukhanya, ukushisa nomswakama - konke lokhu kubonakala ekubukekeni kobuhle. Ngakho-ke, akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola imbangela yokuwa kwamaqabunga, kepha kusabalulekile. Izici ezibalulekile:

ikamelo le-microclimate;
umsoco ongafanele;
isifo.
inqubo yemvelo;
ukukhanyisa okungafanele;
ikhwalithi embi noma i-substrate endala;
ukuthambisa okungenangqondo;
ukusetshenziswa okungajwayelekile komanyolo;
ikhwalithi yamanzi enganele;
hhayi omakhelwane abafanelekile;
ukungabi namazinga wokushisa kanye nomswakama omuhle kakhulu womoya;
ukulimala kwezifo ezithathelwanayo noma izinambuzane eziyingozi (funda kabanzi ngezifo zekhava eluhlaza yama-orchid, futhi ubone izithombe zamaqabunga athintekile lapha).

Okubalulekile! Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto eziningana ezingathandeki kungaba yisizathu sokuwa kweqabunga kokungajwayelekile.

Ungabuka ividiyo ukuthola ukuthi ungayihlola kanjani inkathazo, njengesizathu esingahle siwe sama-orchid:

Imiyalo yesenzo

Lapho kuphela amahlamvu awa

Ama-florist amaningi ama-novice akhathazekile ngokuthi kungani wonke amaqabunga ewile, kepha izimpande zisaphila? Lapho ubukhulu obuhlaza buwela esitshalweni, akufanele wethuke. Okokuqala, kufanele uthole ukuthi kungani amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi futhi awe. Mhlawumbe ukuguga kwembali. Uma kungenjalo, khona-ke hlolisisa ubuhle, yiziphi izingxenye nazo ezibukeka zingenampilo. Bese uqhubeka nezinyathelo ezilandelayo:

buyekeza izici zokunakekelwa;
hambisa imbali emthunzini oyingxenye;
ungafaki ukuchelela ngamanzi ompompi;
hambisa imbali uma i-cordilina, i-yucca, i-peperomia noma i-araucaria isendaweni;
phakathi namasonto amabili okuqala, ungavundisi, bese kuthi ngamalungiselelo abuthakathaka asuselwa ku-nitrogen, ngamandla wokukhula kwamahlumela amancane;
hlola i-orchid ngokuba khona kwama-parasites amancane noma izifo, uma isizathu siphuthuma ukuthatha isinyathelo;
phatha isitshalo ngamakhemikhali akhethekile;
shintsha ibhodwe uma kunesidingo;
buyekeza inhlabathi.

Lapho izimbali nazo ziyawa

Ukunakekelwa okungafanele kwesitshalo ekhaya kungaholela embuzweni wokuthi kungani izimbali ziphenduka ziphuzi futhi ziwe? Esinye sezizathu kungaba ukuntuleka koketshezi, okungenzeka uma kungekho ukuchelela nhlobo. Lesi sitshalo sidinga inani eliphansi lamanzi, oncibilikisa amaminerali emhlabathini futhi ondle uhlelo lwempande. Lesi yisizathu esenza ukuthi amaqabunga aphenduke aphuzi, ome futhi awe, kanye nezimbali ezomile. Izinyathelo ezithathiwe:

sisusa i-orchid embizeni yezimbali;
cwilisa esitsheni samanzi kuze kube yilapho ikhoma lobumba liphelelwa amanzi (inothi, amanzi akufanele angene emaqabungeni);
uma kunesidingo, beka ebhodweni elisha.

Izimpawu ezifanayo zikhombisa ukunikezwa ngokweqile kobuhle obungajwayelekile ngomanyolo wezimbiwa. Ngemuva kwalokho senza imisebenzi efanayo, futhi kungakapheli izinyanga ezingama-2-3 akufanelekile ukwengeza noma yiziphi izakhamzimba.

Lapho izimpande zinyamalala

Lesi simo, ngeshwa, sivamile. Nini lapho amaqabunga ewa, impande nayo iyafa (sikhulume ngokuthi kungenzeka yini ukusindisa i-orchid ngaphandle kwezimpande namaqabunga nokuthi ungayenza kanjani lapha). Uma wonke amaqabunga esitshalo esevele ewile, futhi inqubo isiqalile lapho izimpande zinyamalala, khona-ke kungaba nezizathu eziningana. Lokhu kungenzeka lapho inhlabathi iminyene namanzi, lapho uketshezi lumile embizeni yezimbali, futhi amaqabunga nezimpande zibola. Noma nge-fusarium wilting ebangelwa isikhunta isikhunta (funda lapha ukuthi ungasindisa kanjani i-orchid kusuka kwisikhunta, futhi kulesi sihloko uzofunda ukuthi ungaqonda kanjani ukuthi itheku lenzekile nokuthi ungasindisa kanjani isitshalo).

Uma kutholakala izimpawu, kufanele:

sebulala amagciwane ithuluzi lokusika;
khipha imbali ebhodweni;
cwilisa izimpande emanzini afudumele, ahlanzekile;
hlola ngokucophelela futhi uthinte zonke izimpande;
nquma izindawo ezilimele, ezithambile, ezomile ngethuluzi eliphekiwe, elibukhali (funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi kungani amaqabunga e-orchid esephelile nokuthi angayilungisa kanjani le nkinga, funda lapha);
phatha izingxenye nge-antiseptic engenalo utshwala (isinamoni yomhlabathi, i-carbon activated powder);
ukubhubhisa noma ukuvimbela izifo, phatha imbali nge-fungicide;
beka i-orchid ebhodweni elisha, kufanele ibe sobala futhi inyinyeke kancane;
ubukhona obudingekayo besendlalelo samanzi;
fafaza isitshalo ngenhlabathi entsha ehlanganiswe namaminerali;
ungavundisa ngemuva kwamasonto amabili;
nokwandisa izimo ezikhulayo, ngoba kungenzeka ukuvuselela imbali kuphela endaweni enhle.

Lapho wonke amahlamvu ewile

Kwenzeka ukuthi lesi sitshalo sehle bonke ubukhulu baso obuluhlaza, ngenkathi uhlelo lwempande lusaphila futhi luhlaza. Esimweni esinjalo:

sisusa i-orchid embizeni yezimbali;
siyayihlanza emhlabathini;
shiya izimpande emanzini amahora ambalwa ukuze uzigcwalise ngoketshezi;
sihlola uhlelo lwempande, amahlamvu ukutholakala kwezinambuzane eziyingozi;
amaqabunga omile nawo asikwa abe izicubu ezinempilo;
sibulala amagciwane ezindaweni zokusikeka;
ngemuva kokuthi amanxeba esomile, sibeka imbali ebhodweni ngenhlabathi entsha;
siphatha izinso eziphilayo ngamafutha e-cytokinin;
sebenzisa umanyolo we-nitrogen 1 ezinsukwini eziyi-7-10.

Inketho ekahle ukuhlukaniswa:

Hambisa isitshalo endaweni efudumele ngokukhanya kwelanga okusakazekile.
Gada imvamisa yokunisela kanye nekhwalithi yamanzi.
Nciphisa ukwelashwa kwamanzi.
Futhi qapha ngokucophelela isimo esiqhubekayo se-orchid.

Ukuvimbela

Kungenzeka ukugwema izimo ezinjalo ezingathandeki kuphela ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwe-orchid:

Ukugcina ukushisa okunethezekile ehlobo: + 22-25 ° C, ebusika + 16-18 ° C. Umehluko wokwehluka kwamazinga okushisa akufanele weqe ku-5 ° C.
Ukukhanyisa kuyadingeka kuhlukaniswe, ngobude bosuku bamahora ayi-14.
Khetha imbiza efana nosayizi wembali.
Umswakama ebangeni lama-50-60%. Qiniseka ukuthi uphefumula igumbi njalo.
Vuselela i-substrate njalo eminyakeni emi-2-3.
Amanzi kanye ngesonto, phakathi, inhlabathi kufanele yomile ngokuphelele.
Ukushisa kwamanzi kufanele kube ngu-35-40 ° C.
Futha amahlandla ama-5 ngosuku. Khipha inqubo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza.

Qaphela! Abalimi abangenalwazi kufanele bakhethe ngokucophelela omakhelwane be-orchid.

Lesi sitshalo asithandi ukuba seduze ne-cacti. Ukuba khona kwabo kuthinta kabi isimo sembali. Ungazi ama-nuances anjalo, ungaqagela isikhathi eside futhi ungaphumeleli ngezizathu zokuwa kwamaqabunga nokufihla.

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