Izithombe zezinhlobo ze-clivia futhi uzinakekele
Kaningi, ezindaweni zomphakathi ezinjengemitholampilo, izikole, imitapo yolwazi, ungathola izitshalo eziluhlaza zasendlini ezinamaqabunga amahle aluhlaza okotshani. Zinjengezinkemba ezinezeluleko ezicijile futhi zihluzwa kahle.
Lesi yisimo sokuzikhukhumeza sesibindi eside, umnikazi wezimbali ezibomvu ezibomvu ezi-orenji eziqhakaza engxenyeni yesibili yobusika. Uzofunda ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani le mbali ebucayi esihlokweni sethu. Futhi bukela ividiyo ewusizo.
Incazelo nemvelaphi
UClivia ungowomndeni wakwa-Amaryllis futhi uqanjwe ngoCharlotte Clive, uDuchess odumile waseNorthumberland. Wayethanda i-floriculture futhi waba ngowokuqala ukufeza ukuqhakaza kwalesi sitshalo esiseningizimu eNgilandi ebandayo futhi enamafu. Igama lezitshalo linikezwe isazi sezitshalo saseNgilandi uJohn Lindley. Uhlobo lokuqala lwe-clivia, uNobilis, lwatholakala ngo-1828 esifundazweni saseKapa saseNingizimu Afrika.
QAPHELA: I-Clivia ayinaso isiqu, amaqabunga ayo akha isiqu esingelona iqiniso, aqoqana empandeni nge-rosette futhi ambozwe ngokuqinile ngezisekelo. Amaqabunga e-Clivia acwebezela, abe munye, anombala oluhlaza okotshani ngombala. Banomugqa oqondile, o-xiphoid, onamathiphu abukhali. Amaqabunga akhishwa endizeni eyodwa, awanamthambo we-longitudinal, futhi abushelelezi.
Izimbali zeClivia zimhlophe, ziphuzi, ziwolintshi ezikhanyayo, noma zibomvu. I-Bell-shaped, tubular, i-funnel emise. Izimbali ezinhlangeni ezinde ziqoqwa kuma-inflorescence ama-umbellate eyindilinga noma e-drooping, atholakala kumcibisholo omude ongenalutho.
I-Clivia isitshalo esihlala isikhathi eside; ihlala ekhaya okungenani iminyaka eyi-15., futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle kakhulu ihlala kuze kube yiminyaka engama-30-40. Isitshalo esidala, lapho sinama-peduncle amaningi: izitshalo ezindala zakha ama-peduncle angama-40-50.
Ubuthi nezakhiwo eziwusizo
Lapho sekonakele, kukhishwa ujusi ophuzi ophuzi osawolintshi emaqabungeni e-clivia. Amaqabunga e-Clivia nama-rhizomes anobuthi ngenxa yama-alkaloid aqukethe. Ngemithamo emincane, lezi zinto zibangela ukwanda kwamathe, ukubuyisa nokuhuda. Amanani amaningi, uma edliwe, angadala ukukhubazeka nokufa imbala. Kungakho kubalulekile ukugeza izandla ngemuva kokuphatha isitshalo futhi ugcine izingane ezincane nezilwane ezifuywayo kude naso.
Akwamukelekile ukusebenzisa iClivia ukuzitholela imishanguzo, kuyingozi kakhulu... Kepha ekhemisi, izidakamizwa zitholakala kuma-clivia enza uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi lube lujwayelekile.
Izinhlobo ezidumile
Izinhlobo ze-clivia zemvelo zibonakaliswa ngamaqabunga amade, aluhlaza okotshani nezimbali ezi-tubular ezibomvu. Ezenzalweni zesimanje, amaqabunga awawona ama-monochromatic kuphela, kepha futhi anemivimbo enemibala egqamile eceleni kweqabunga.
Umbala wezimbali usukela kokukhilimu okumhlophe, i-salmon, amakhorali kuya kobomvu obumnyama, futhi-ke, wethulwa ebangeni eligcwele lamathoni aphuzi nawolintshi. Ukuma kwezimbali nakho kuyehluka: kunezinhlamvu eziyizimbali ezinezimbali ezinhle zelily noma ze-tulip.
Izinhlobo ze-clivia
| Buka | Incazelo | Umsuka |
| I-Cinnabar (i-orange, encane, ukuhola okubomvu) | Amaqabunga angama-xiphoid (45-60 cm), enwebeka phansi (kuze kufike ku-6 cm). I-peduncle ephezulu (40-50 cm) enezimbali eziyi-10-20 kuma-pedicels amade (3 cm), aqoqwe ku-inflorescence eyindilinga eyindilinga. Ezinkulu (amacembe 4-5 cm) izimbali ezibuthuntu noma ezisawolintshi ezineso eliphuzi elikhanyayo, elimise okwefaneli. | Ekuqaleni ngivela esifundazweni saseNatali (South Africa) |
| I-Nobilis (enhle, ehloniphekile) | Isitshalo esiphansi (amasentimitha angama-30), amaqabunga aluhlaza amnyama angama-40 cm ubude, i-xiphoid enezeluleko ezibukhali ububanzi obungu-4-6 cm. I-Peduncle engu-30-50 cm ukuphakama, inezimbali ezingama-40-60 kuma-pedicels amade (kufika ku-3 cm). I-perianth egobile egobile, izimbali eziyizigaxa ezinesilinganiso esiphakathi, iwolintshi elimise okofeleni. Amacembe angaba ngu-2 cm ubude, akhombe ngenhla eluhlaza. | Isifundazwe saseKapa (South Africa) |
| I-Citrine (emhlophe) | Izimbali eziphuzi ezinamakhemikhali kuma-inflorescence wesambulela namajikijolo aphuzi. Amaqabunga amnyama aluhlaza okotshani. | Kwazal Foothills eSifundazweni SaseNatali (South Africa) |
| UGardena | Amaqabunga akhanyayo, aluhlaza okotshani, i-xiphoid, enwebeka phansi (3-4 cm). I-Peduncle efinyelela ku-45 cm ukuphakama nezimbali eziyi-10-16. Izimbali zincane, ziyizigaxa, zimise okofeleni. Amacembe we-Coral-salmon anezeluleko eziluhlaza, i-lanceolate (ubude obungu-3,5.5 cm). | Ezintabeni zeTransvaal neNatal (South Africa) |
| Isiqu | Amaqabunga amakhulu afana nebhande (angafika ku-60 cm ubude, aze afike ku-7 cm ububanzi). UPeduncle cishe u-100 cm enezimbali eziyi-10-20 ku-racemose inflorescence. Izimbali zibomvu okusawolintshi ngokubomvu okuluhlaza okotshani. | Izifundazwe zaseNyakatho naseMpumalanga yeNingizimu Afrika |
| Okumangazayo (mirabilis) | Ibekezelela kalula isomiso nelanga eliqondile. Amaqabunga angama-xiphoid, isizinda esiyinhloko siluhlaza okomnyama, onsomi omnyama phansi. Kukhona umugqa omhlophe phakathi kweshidi. Izimbali kuma-pedicels amade ziqoqwa kuma-carpal inflorescences. Amacembe angumbala obomvu klebhu onamathiphu kalamula. | Kusuka ezifundeni ezomile zaseNyakatho-ntshonalanga yeNingizimu Afrika |
| Inamandla (ixhaphozi) | Ikhula ize ifike ku-150-180 cm. Ihamba ize ifike ku-90 cm ubude no-6-10 cm ububanzi. Izimbali eziyizigaxa ezi-pale coral kuma-inflorescence e-racemose. | Ikhetha izintaba ezinomswakama zaseNingizimu Afrika |
Isithombe
Okulandelayo, ungabona isithombe sezinhlobonhlobo zama-clivia, kufaka phakathi i-cinnabar:
Ukunakekela
I-Clivia ivame ukutholakala eduze kwamafasitela asempumalanga nasentshonalanga ngokukhanya okuthambile.... Khetha indawo ekhanyayo ngayo enokukhanya okusakazekile, ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile. Ehlobo, ungathatha isitshalo ngaphandle ngomthunzi oyingxenye. UClivia uthanda ukukhanya okuhlala isikhathi eside. Ngokushoda kwelanga, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokukhula nokuqhakaza, isitshalo sikhula kancane futhi asikhiphi umcibisholo we-peduncle.
ICEBISO: Kunconywa ukuthi utshale i-clivia emazingeni okushisa alinganiselayo ngesikhathi sokukhula (entwasahlobo kuya ekuqaleni kokuwa) nokuqhakaza (ebusika) ngo-20-25 ° C. Ngesikhathi sokulala ebusika, kusukela ngo-Okthoba, izinga lokushisa lehliselwa ku-12-14 ° C, bese kuthi i-clivia ikhiphe i-peduncle bese ilungiselela ukuqhakaza.
Ngemuva kokubonakala kwe-peduncle, i-clivia ihlelwa kabusha endaweni efudumele ezingeni lokushisa lama-20 ° C, iniselwe futhi ivundiswe. UClivia ukhetha ukuchelela ngokulingene entwasahlobo nangaphambi kokwindla ngamanzi afudumele, ahlalisiwe, kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14. Zama ukungashiyi amanzi epanini ukuvimbela izimpande ze-clivia ukuthi zingaboli. Kusukela ekwindla sekwephuzile, ukunisela kunqunyelwe kakhulu, kunika isitshalo ukuphumula kuze kube yilapho ikhipha i-peduncle efinyelela ku-10-15 cm.
Uma isitshalo siqala ukukhipha amaqabunga aso, singaniselwa kancane, kepha kaningi kwanele ukufafaza ingaphezulu lomhlabathi kusuka ebhodleleni lokufafaza. Amaqabunga kaClivia kwesinye isikhathi asulwa ngesiponji esimanzi afuthwe ukuze kususwe uthuli.
I-Clivia iyaqhakaza engxenyeni yesibili yobusika, ngoFebhuwari. Izimbali ziqhakaza kancane kancane emavikini angu-3-4. Ngokuqhakaza okuvamile kwama-clivia, ukuphumula kuyadingeka, isitshalo esidala, isikhathi eside kakhulu. Ngokuqhakaza okukhulu futhi okude, ama-clivia atshalwa ezimbizeni eziminyene. Ngemuva kokuqhakaza umcibisholo awunqunywa: lapho usoma, uzelula kalula. Uma i-peduncle incane futhi amaqabunga alahlekile emaqabungeni, ukuphoqelela kwenziwa. Lesi sitshalo sitshalwa kancane kusuka efasiteleni ukuze umcibisholo welulwe.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo kusuka entwasahlobo kuya ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, lesi sitshalo sondliwa kabili ngenyanga ngamanyolo omanyolo namaminerali, ngokunye. Phakathi nesikhathi sokuphumula, ukondla kukhishwe ngokuphelele.
| Isikhathi | Ukukhanyisa | Ithempelesha | Ukunisela | Ukugqoka okuphezulu |
| Ukukhula (entwasahlobo-ehlobo) | Umthunzi oyingxenye, gwema ilanga eliqondile | 20-25 ° C | Maphakathi, kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14 | Amanyolo wamaminerali kanye ne-organic ngokushintshana izikhathi ezimbili ngenyanga |
| Isikhathi sokulala (ekwindla-ebusika) | Ukukhanyisa okulinganiselwe | 12-15 ° C | Akukho, okungafuthwa phansi | Akukho |
| Ukuqhakaza (ebusika) | Ukukhanya okukhanyayo kodwa okusakazekile | 20-25 ° C | Ngokulingene, izikhathi ezi-2 ngenyanga | Umanyolo wamaminerali amahlandla ama-2 ngenyanga |
Funda kabanzi mayelana nezici zokunakekelwa, kanye namanye ama-nuances wezinto ezikhulayo ekhaya, lapha.
Dlulisa
Izimpande zeClivia ziyinyama, zinamanzi, azikubekezeleli ukufakelwa kahle futhi kwephuka kalula... Izimpande eziphukile ezinamanzi amaningi zingabola kalula. Phatha izindawo ezilimele ngomlotha noma amalahle agayiwe. Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa njalo ngonyaka, izitshalo ezivuthiwe njalo eminyakeni emi-2-3. Ama-specimens amadala (kusuka eminyakeni eyi-10 ubudala) afinyelele usayizi omkhulu kunayo yonke futhi ahlala emigqonyeni awatshalwa kabusha. Bavele bengeze inhlabathi entsha (ama-5 cm) bese bebondla ngomanyolo.
Uma lesi sitshalo sisakhula futhi izimpande zaso zikhasa ebhodweni, sekuyisikhathi sokutshala kabusha. Okugunyaziwe ngemuva kokuqhakaza. Lesi sitshalo sitshalwe kabusha ngebumba lobumba. Lungisa inhlabathi: izingxenye ezimbili ze-turf, 1 ingxenye yeqabunga, 1 ingxenye ye-humus, 1 ingxenye ye-peat ne-1 ingxenye yesihlabathi. Inhlabathi iyathandeka ivulekile futhi ine-asidi encane. Kubalulekile ukubeka amanzi (ubumba olunwetshiwe, amatshe amnandi) ezansi ebhodweni.
Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, ungafafaza ngama-immunostimulants (Epin, Tsikron, Kornevin) ukusiza isitshalo ukuthi sikhuthazelele ukucindezeleka futhi siqine. Unganiseli izinsuku ezimbalwa, kungcono ukumane ufafaze futhi ubethele umhlabathi ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha. Tshala ebhodweni eliqinile (ama-2-3 cm amakhulu kunalawo owedlule), ungajuli (ikhola yezimpande kufanele ibe ngaphezu kobuso).
OKUBALULEKILE: Uma ibhodwe likhulu kakhulu, i-clivia ngeke iqhume kuze kube yilapho izimpande sezigcwalise ibhodwe lonke.
Buka ividiyo mayelana nokufakelwa kabusha kwe-clivia:
Thola ama-nuances amaningi ngokufaka ama-clivia ekhaya ku-athikili ehlukile.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
I-Clivia ingasabalaliswa ngokuhlukaniswa noma ngenzalo... Imbewu ivela ngenyanga yesithathu (amasonto ayi-10) ngemuva kokuqhakaza, ihlwanyelwa ngokushesha emhlabathini ibanga elingu-2 cm komunye nomunye. Izithombo zivela ngenyanga (amaviki angu-4-6). Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kweqabunga lokuqala, izithombo ze-clivia zitshalwa ezimbizeni ezihlukene eziyi-7 cm ububanzi, bese zitshalwa njalo ngonyaka, zandisa ububanzi bebhodwe ngo-2-3 cm.
Ngonyaka wesithathu, izitshalo ezincane zijwayele isikhathi sokulala, ukuzigcina ngaphandle kokuchelela kanye nokushisa okungu-15 ° C izinyanga ezimbili ngo-Okthoba-Novemba. Ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuqala sokulala, ama-30% ezitshalo ezincane ayaqhakaza. Ngokusakazwa kwembewu, i-clivia iqinisekisiwe ukuqhakaza kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka engu-4-5.
Ekhaya, kulula kakhulu ukutshala ama-clivia ngenzalo.... Lapho ufaka ama-clivia minyaka yonke, naka inzalo enamaqabunga okungenani ama-4. Bayakwazi ukugxila ngamathuba aphezulu. Inzalo itshalwa inhlabathi evulekile exutshwe ne-perlite noma isihlabathi, futhi ilinde ukhula lwenkohlakalo ezimbizeni ezinokushisa okungu-16-18 ° C. Izimpande zeClivia zibuthakathaka kakhulu futhi zibola kalula uma ziniselwa kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngemuva kokufaka kabusha, phumula ngokunisela izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ezitshalweni ezindala, inzalo imane isuswe ukuze ingasinciphisi isitshalo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi ungazala kanjani kabusha ama-clivia ekhaya nokuthi ungatshala kanjani isitshalo kule ndatshana.
Izifo nezinambuzane
Kulezi zinambuzane, izinambuzane eziyingozi kunazo zonke yizikali zezinambuzane (i-shield aphid) nama-mealybugs. Ngaphambi kokufakelwa kabusha, kunconywa ukuthi uphathe umhlabathi ngokuwubala kuhhavini imizuzu eyi-10 noma uwuthulule ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka, esibomvana kancane se-potassium permanganate.
Izihlangu (shield aphid) izinambuzane ezivame kakhulu ze-clivia. Zimunca ubisi lweseli, ngesimo sokumila okunsundu namachashazi anama-ginger atholakala emaqabungeni naseziqu. Amaqabunga aphenduka aphaphatheka, omile futhi afe. Ukulwa nama-aphid esihlangu, amaqabunga e-clivia ayesulwa ngamanzi anensipho ngokufakwa kaphalafini kusetshenziswa isiponji. Ngemuva kwalokho lesi sitshalo sifuthwa ngesisombululo sokubulala izinambuzane (actellik).
Ama-Mealybugs ibukeka njengoboya obumhlophe bukakotini futhi ithinta zonke izingxenye zesitshalo. Ishiya i-warp, yomile futhi iwe.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi usule amaqabunga ngamanzi anensipho bese ususa izinambuzane nge-swab kakotini. Uma kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu, isitshalo silashwa ngesibulali zinambuzane masonto onke size silulame.
Ukubola kwezimpande... Amaqabunga aqala ukuphuzi, abole empandeni, isitshalo siyafa.
Kuyadingeka ukukhipha isitshalo ebhodweni, ususe izimpande ezilimele. Phatha lezi zingxenye ngamalahle agayiwe bese ufaka i-clivia enhlabathini entsha engenamagciwane.
Ezinye izinkinga:
- Amathiphu amaqabunga ansundu. Ngokufakwa kwamanzi, ukubola kwezimpande nesisekelo seziqu.
- I-peduncle emfushane. Ukungabi namanzi namazinga okushisa aphansi ngesikhathi sokukhula kwentwasahlobo nehlobo.
- Amabala amhlophe noma akhanyayo aphuzi emaqabungeni kusuka ekushisweni yilanga.
- Amaqabunga aphelile nokuntuleka kwe-peduncle ngokudla okunganele.
- Awukho umbala ngenxa yokungalali okufushane kakhulu, ukushisa okuphezulu nokukhanya okunganele.
- Amaqabunga aphuzi. Ngokuguga kwemvelo nokufa kwamaqabunga, ngokuvuthwa kwezithelo, lapho zonke izakhamzimba zigijimela ezithelweni.
Ukuthola ama-nuances amaningi ngezifo ze-clivia, kufaka phakathi ukuthi kungani amaqabunga engaqhakazi noma amaqabunga omile aphenduke aphuzi, thola ku-athikili ehlukile.
I-Clivia isitshalo esimangalisa kakhulu futhi esihle ngaphandle kwezimbali, ngenxa yamaqabunga amade we-xiphoid, ihlelwe ngomlandeli omuhle. Yini esingayisho mayelana nesikhathi sokuqhakaza, lapho ngoFebhuwari izimbali ezivuthayo ezibomvu-orange ziqhakaza ku-peduncle ende.
Ukufeza lokhu kulula, khumbula nje ukuthi ama-clivia adinga ukuthula esikhathini sekwindla-sasebusika nendawo ehlala njalo. UClivia akakwazi ukumelana nokukhathazeka, ungamhleli kabusha ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nokuqhakaza, futhi uzokujabulisa ngezimbali zasebusika ezilindelwe isikhathi eside.