Senza ukufakelwa okulungile kwe-gloxinia

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I-Gloxinia isitshalo sezindlu esinomuthi womndeni wakwaGesneriev. Indawo yemvelaphi - amahlathi emvula eningizimu yeBrazil. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18, isihlobo se-gloxinia, i-synnigeria enhle, silethwa eYurophu. Lesi sitshalo esincane esingabonakali esivelele sinikeze i-gloxinia yanamuhla.

Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwama-200 kwenziwa umsebenzi wokuzalisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-gloxinia, ukubukeka kwazo manje sekukude ne-synnigeria, futhi inani lezinhlobo kanye nesiphithiphithi semibala akukwazi ukushiya abashayeli bezimbali ababenendaba. Ukuze isitshalo sijabulise iso isikhathi eside, udinga ukwazi konke okuyinkimbinkimbi kokunakekelwa kwasekhaya nokufakelwa okufika ngesikhathi.

Incazelo

I-Gloxinia isitshalo esingapheliyo se-herbaceous stemless noma esifushane enamahlumela ayinyama aze afike kumasentimitha angama-25 ukuphakama. Amaqabunga makhulu, aluhlaza okomnyama ngombala, velvety kuze kufike ekuthinteni, abonakala ngaphandle kuwo lapho eba pubescence kancane, ngenxa yalokhu abonakala efiphele futhi efiphele.

Amaqabunga a-ovoid ajwayelekile futhi angaba ngamasentimitha angama-20 ubude. Izimbali zikhulu, amaqabunga afana nezinsimbi. Imbali, njengamaqabunga, i-velvety. Unqenqema lwamacembe lukathayela. Izimbali zingaba ngamasentimitha angu-8-12 ububanzi. Imibala yezinsimbi ezinjalo ingahlukahluka, kanti izimbali nazo ziza nomngcele onqenqemeni lwamacembe noma amachashazi. Iziqu zimfushane, zihluka zibe isambulela se-inflorescence, imbali ngayinye ku-peduncle ehlukile.

Encwadini. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sivela ngoMashi kuya kuJuni, izimbali ezingafika kuma-40 zingaqhakaza esitshalweni esisodwa ngasikhathi sinye.

Kudingeka nini?

Ukufakelwa kwe-Gloxinia kuyadingeka ezimweni eziningana:

ngemuva kokulala, lesi sitshalo savuka kwavela ihlumela elincane, kepha amaqabunga awazange akhe;
lapho uthenga amahlumela amancane esitsheni esingafaneleki impilo yesitshalo;
lapho uthenga izilimo eziyizigaxa ezingakatshalwa emhlabathini;
ezimeni eziphuthumayo, lapho isitshalo sithinteka ezinambuzaneni (izicabucabu, ama-mealybugs) ahlala emhlabathini - kulokhu, udinga ukususa izilimo eziyizigaxa enhlabathini engcolisiwe futhi uzihlanze ngokuphelele ezinsaleleni zayo, uvikele amagciwane ngezilimo eziyizigaxa ngokuzifaka kusixazululo se-potassium permanganate noma izindlela - I-Epin neZircon , susa izingxenye ezilimele ze-tuber ngommese bese womile ngomlotha wokhuni;
ezimweni zokuthuthukiswa kwezifo zefungal zesitshalo.

Kufanele ushiye nini imbali ebhodweni elilodwa?

Uma ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari amahlumela amancane anamaqabunga abonakala ebhodweni lapho izilimo eziyizigaxa zazilala khona, khona-ke izilimo eziyizigaxa, ngemuva kokulala, zizizwa kamnandi enhlabathini yazo futhi azidingi ukufakelwa kabusha. Kulokhu, akufanele usheshe ukondle i-gloxinia ngamanyolo, noma kunalokho, udale izimo zeSpartan zesitshalo. Beka ibhodwe efasiteleni eduze kwengilazi, futhi ukuze ugweme i-hypothermia, faka i-foam foam ngaphansi kwembiza.

Ngabe lokhu kungenziwa ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza?

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwe-gloxinia, isihlahla sayo sibonakala sikhanya kakhulu futhi sisabalala. Kungabonakala kwabanye abalimi abangenalwazi ukuthi lesi sitshalo siminyene embizeni, kepha lokhu kuyiphutha.

Okubalulekile! Akunasimo lapho kufanele kuhlwanyelwe i-gloxinia, ukukhwabanisa kungenziwa ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza.

Uzolahlekelwa yizo zonke izimbali nezimbali zakhe, futhi ukuphazanyiswa okungalindelekile enqubeni yokondla isitshalo kungaholela ekufeni okuphelele kwezilimo eziyizigaxa.

Isikhathi esihle kakhulu

Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, uma lesi sitshalo sisongelwa izinambuzane noma izifo, ungafaka kwesinye isikhathi sonyaka. Uma lesi sitshalo singekho engozini, khona-ke kufanele sitshalwe kabusha ngemuva kombuso olele, futhi lokhu kuphela ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari - ekuqaleni kukaMashi.

Ngemuva kokuthi imbali yokugcina isiqhakaze, yonke ingxenye yasemhlabeni ye-gloxinia iyafiphala kancane kancane futhi ife. Zonke izingxenye ezifile zesitshalo, ngemuva kokufa kwazo, kufanele zisuswe ngokucophelela. Ibhodlela elinezilimo eziyizigaxa emhlabathini kufanele libekwe endaweni emnyama, epholile okushisa komoya okungu-10-15 ° C. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukugcina isitshalo kuze kube ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari. Uma amahlumela amancane esitshalo engakabonakali ngasekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, sekuyisikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha.

Ukuncoma

Ukutshala i-gloxinia, inhlabathi esetshenziselwa ukutshala ama-violets ifanelekile. Kungcono ukwengeza i-powder yokubhaka enhlabathini - i-vermiculite, i-perlite, i-sphagnum moss. Ekhaya, ungalungisa ingxube yakho yokutshala.

Lokhu kuzodinga ukuxubana:

Izingcezu zomhlaba ezi-3 ezisuka kunoma yisiphi isihlahla esinqunyiwe, ngaphandle kwe-oki;
Izingxenye ezintathu ze-peat;
Izingcezu ezi-2 zesihlabathi.

Ukwenza inhlabathi isebenziseke ngangokunokwenzeka, kufanele ukwengeza ama-gramu angama-200 we-humus kuwo wonke amalitha amahlanu enhlabathi. Lokhu kuqondisa kuzokwenza umlimi akwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwe-gloxinia subcortex eyengeziwe isikhathi eside. Futhi isigaba esibalulekile ukungabulali amagciwane enhlabathini, lokhu kungenziwa ngeMaxim ethengiwe (1 ampoule wamalitha ama-2 wamanzi).

I-drainage enhle idlala indima ebalulekile ekutshalweni kwe-gloxinia. Kufanele lokhu - i-polystyrene, ubumba olwandisiwe, itshe elichoboziwe. Ukuphakama kwebhodwe, kukhuphuka izinga lamanzi, kufika ku-1/3 yevolumu yenhlabathi isiyonke.

Ukukhethwa kwesitsha

Imbiza yokukhula ngempumelelo kanye nokuthuthuka kwe-gloxinia kufanele ibe ngamasentimitha angu-4-6 ububanzi kune-tuber etshalwe.

Inkomba. Ukuphakama kwebhodlela kufanele kube nendawo ephakeme yamasentimitha ama-2-3 kanye nongqimba lomhlabathi lapho i-tuber izobekwa khona ngokuphelele futhi akufanele ibukeke.

Uma ufaka kusuka ebhodweni elilodwa uye kwelinye, khumbula ukuthi kufanele kube nenhlabathi eyanele phakathi kwedreyini kanye neshubhu ukuze kukhule futhi kukhule uhlelo lwempande lwesitshalo. Ukuma kwembiza yokukhulisa i-gloxinia akunandaba. Kubalulekile ukuhambisana nezidingo zokuphakama kwayo ukuze amaqabunga esitshalo angawi phansi futhi angathinti indawo lapho kubekwe khona ibhodwe. Kungcono ukwenza ipayipi liphakeme kunesitshalo sethenda esizoqala ukufa ngokuxhumana okungafuneki nezinto ezizungezile.

Amathiphu asekhaya

Imiyalo eningiliziwe yokutshala nokufaka kabusha izilimo eziyizigaxa ze-gloxinia:

Lapho ufaka kabusha i-tuber, hlola ubuqotho bayo nekhwalithi. Ishubhu esihle kufanele sibe sincane, hhayi i-flabby, ubukhulu bayo okungenani bube ngamasentimitha ama-4. Akufanele kube khona iminonjana yesikhunta noma ukubola ku-tuber.
Susa zonke izinwele nezinsalela zenhlabathi ku-tuber, ngoba i-tuber kufanele ingabi nalutho ngaphambi kokutshala (njengamazambane).
Beka amanzi ezansi ebhodweni.
Gcwalisa inhlabathi phezu komsele.
Yenza inhlabathi ikhululeke ngangokunokwenzeka, ungangeza amaphilisi e-hydrogel ukugcina umswakama.
Yenza i-notch maphakathi nenhlabathi bese ufaka i-tuber kuyo.
Mboza i-tuber ngomhlaba, ungacindezeli phansi noma uthinte.
Uma sekuvele kukhona ihlumela elincane ku-tuber, kungenzeka ukuthi ungalimbozi ngomhlaba, kepha lapho uchelela, ngokuzayo, gwema ukuthola amanzi kuwo.

Ungahlala kanjani?

I-Gloxinia ingasatshalaliswa futhi itshalwe ngezindlela ezinhlanu:

UPeterole

Ukukhulisa imbali eqabungeni, udinga ukuthatha iqabunga elilodwa phansi kwesitshalo ngoJuni-Julayi.
Beka isiqu seqabunga esitsheni samanzi ukuze sicwiliswe emanzini ngamasentimitha ayi-1.5-2.
Ungawashintshi amanzi, kodwa phezulu phezulu ngezikhathi ezithile.
Gcina iqabunga emanzini lize lifinyelele ezimpandeni ezincane esibambo.
Ngemuva kwalokhu ukwakhiwa, tshala ihlumela elincane emhlabathini ngokujula kwamasentimitha ama-2-3. Ukuze uthole ukhula lwenkohlakalo olungcono, vala ukusika ngembiza yengilazi noma isikhwama sepulasitiki.

Buka ividiyo mayelana nokukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-gloxinia ngama-cuttings amaqabunga:

Iziqu zokusika

Sika ukudubula okuphansi kwe-lateral ngamaqabunga ambalwa ku-gloxinia yabantu abadala. Yibeke esitsheni samanzi kuze kube sezimpandeni, njengoba kunjalo nangeqabunga. Ngemuva kokubonakala kwezimpande, tshala isitshalo nezimpande, ngokudala umphumela wokushisa okushisa ngengilazi noma isikhwama.

Ishidi

Sika ishidi phansi kwesitolo.
Sika ipuleti leqabunga ohlangothini olungemuva ngaphesheya kwemithambo ephumayo ezindaweni ezijiyile.
Beka ishidi emhlabathini oswakanyisiwe bese ucindezela ukusikeka emhlabathini.
Dala umphumela wokushisa ngokushisa ngefilimu.
Ezindaweni zokusikeka, izimpande zizovela maduze, futhi ngemuva kwalokho kunamaqhubu amancane, okudingeka ukuthi atshalwe ngokohlelo olujwayelekile.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokusakazwa kwamaqabunga e-gloxinia lapha.

Ukuhlukanisa izilimo eziyizigaxa

Izilimo eziyizigaxa ezinkulu kuphela ezinezinqubo ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezingaphansi kokuhlukaniswa. Isikwa ngommese ukuze kube khona ihlumela engxenyeni ngayinye.
Izingcezu kufanele zifafazwe ngamalahle bese zomiswa izinsuku eziyi-3-5.
Tshala emhlabathini omanzi, njengezilimo eziyizigaxa eziphelele.

Imbewu

Imbewu yesitshalo yenziwa ngempova yokufakelwa. Ngosuku lwesibili ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwehlumela, udinga ukudlulisela impova embali ngebhulashi elincane. Imbewu ivuthwe emabhokisini zingakapheli izinyanga ezimbili. Imbewu ye-Gloxinia iyamanziswa futhi imbozwe ngengilazi kuze kube yilapho kuvela amahlumela amancane. Emasontweni amabili ngemuva kokuhluma, ingilazi iyasuswa bese izithombo zibekwa ekukhanyeni.

Encwadini. I-Gloxinia ingacwila ngemuva kokuvela kweqabunga eligcwele kuhlumela.

Sikhulume ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi ungakhula kanjani imbali kusuka embewini kule ndatshana.

Ukunakekela

Kunemithetho eminingi yokunakekela i-gloxinia kuzo zonke izigaba zokukhula nentuthuko yayo.

Ukukhula kwezinga lokushisa

Le nkomba ingahluka ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukile:

esigabeni sokuhluma kwe-tuber, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe ngu - + 25 ° C;
ngemuva kokuqothula - + 18оС - + 22оС;
ekuqaleni kwezimila - hhayi ngaphansi kuka + 18 ° C;
ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo - kusuka ku- + 22 ° C kuye ku- + 25 ° C.

Umswakama womoya

I-Gloxinia izizwa kahle ngomswakama womoya ongu-50%, hhayi ngaphansi. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuhlela izimo ezinjalo, khona-ke imikhawulo evunyelwe yale nkomba ingama-70-80%. Ukukhulisa ukufundwa komswakama, beka ibhodwe nesitshalo ku-pallet:

ngobumba olunwetshiwe olumanzi;
ngamanzi;
ngobulembu.

Ungafafazi ingxenye engaphansi yesitshalo, ngoba i-gloxinia izogula, kuvele izindawo ezomile ezinsundu emaqabungeni bese izofa.

Ukunisela

Lapho unisela, kunconywa ukusebenzisa amanzi athambile kuphela (imvula, incibilikisiwe, ibilisiwe, ihlungiwe). Amanzi avela ku-pallet noma onqenqemeni lwebhodwe ukugwema ukusabalala esitshalweni. Amanzi okunisela kufanele afudumale ngama-2-3 degrees kunezinga lokushisa lomoya. Emaminithini we-30 ngemuva kokuchelela, amanzi asele kufanele akhishwe ku-pallet.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Akukho manyolo okudingekayo ezinyangeni ezimbili zokuqala emva kokutshala. Ukondla okuqhubekayo kufanele kwenziwe isikhathi esisodwa ezinsukwini eziyi-10. Ngaphambi kokuba kuvele amahlumela, umanyolo ophilayo uyashintshana nomanyolo we-nitrogen.

Qaphela! Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwamafihlekile, umanyolo ophilayo ushintshana ne-phosphorus. Uma lokhu kungenziwanga, khona-ke ukukhula kwezitshalo kungama ngenkathi kusesimweni semifino yemifino elele.

Ungayifaka kanjani i-Gloxinia:

Isiphetho

Isitshalo ngasinye sidinga ukunakekelwa okuhle, ukufakelwa kabusha ngesikhathi esifanele nokondla. Akunabunzima ekukhuleni ngempumelelo imbali ye-gloxinia. Umuntu kufanele aqonde kakhulu ngangokunokwenzeka ukungena nokuphuma kwalesi sitshalo futhi indlu yakho yokushisa izokwakha isiphithiphithi semibala, ngesimo semibala ehlukahlukene nezinhlobonhlobo ze-gloxinia.

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