Ama-nuances wokunakekela umbala ekhaya

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IColeria iyi-semi-shrub kanokusho edabuka eNingizimu Melika. Ijabulela impumelelo engakholeki phakathi kwabalimi bezimbali nezimbali zezimbali emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yokungathobeki kwayo kanye nekhono lokuphila kalula ekhaya. Ngokunakekelwa kwekhono nekhwalithi ephezulu, ikholeriya izokujabulisa ngezimbali zikanokusho nezichichimayo cishe unyaka wonke. Into esemqoka ukukwenza amaphutha ajwayelekile kubalimi abaqalayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, mayelana nezici zokunakekela umbala ekhaya.

Ungazinakekela kanjani izimbali?

I-Coleria iyisitshalo se-thermophilic esinezimbali, esimila kakhulu somndeni wakwaGesneriev. Ihluka ngokungathobeki futhi iqala kahle ekhaya. I-Coleria ikhula njengesihlahla esiminyene esihlangene esinezimbali ezikhanyayo zemibala ehlukahlukene. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele nangesikhathi esifanele, isitshalo singaqhakaza unyaka wonke.... Ngakho-ke, i-koleria idinga lezi zinyathelo zokunakekela ezilandelayo:

I-Substrate

I-Coleria iyayithanda kakhulu inhlabathi enomsoco futhi elula. Kumele kube umswakama ovunyelwe futhi ube ne-acidic kancane. Umxube wokubhaka owenziwe ngomumo wezitshalo zeGesneria ulungele isitshalo.

Uma engekho lawo ungenza i-substrate efanelekile ngezandla zakho... Hlanganisa ngezilinganiso ezilinganayo:

umhlanga;
isoyi nomhlabathi onamaqabunga;
isihlabathi esigaywe kahle (umfula);
bese ufaka amalahle lapho.

Ukukhanyisa nendawo

IColeria iyakuthanda ukukhanya kwelanga, ngakho-ke kufanele ibekwe endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, kepha akunakutholwa elangeni eliqondile, ngoba izimbali namaqabunga esitshalo azwela kakhulu emiphumeleni yelanga. Indawo enokukhanya kwelanga okusakazekile ilungele i-koleriya (kufanelekile ukuyibeka efasiteleni lasentshonalanga / empumalanga).

Umbuso wethempelesha

UColeria akakuthandi ukushisa okweqile, kanye nokubanda. Ukushisa okuhle kwesitshalo:

ehlobo - 18-24 degrees;
ebusika - 15-18 degrees.

Uma kushisa kakhulu ekamelweni ngesikhathi sasehlobo, isitshalo singafa.

Esikhathini esibandayo, kufanele uqaphele ngokucophelela izinkomba zokushisa ezisegumbini - uma izinga lokushisa lomoya lehla ngaphansi kwalabo abakhonjisiwe, lingaqala ukufiphala.

Umswakama

Ukugcina izinga lomswakama elikhulu kubaluleke kakhulu kwi-koleria, njengoba kuyisitshalo esishisayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilinganiso sokushisa nomswakama kufanele kube kahle. Isibonelo, ekushiseni okungaba ngu-22-25 degrees, umswakama kufanele okungenani abe ngu-30%. Kulesi simo kuphela i-collier izokhula kahle. Akunasimo lapho isitshalo kufanele sibekwe eduze kwezinto zokushisa..

Ukunisela

Nisela isitshalo ngokulinganisela, ukuze inhlabathi ingomi, kepha ayihlali imanzi njalo. Ngezimpawu zangaphandle, kulula ukunquma isidingo sokwengeza amanzi emhlabathini: uma inhlabathi engaphezulu isivele yomile, futhi i-substrate isamanzi ngaphakathi, unganisela isitshalo ngokuphepha.

Ukusimamisa inhlabathi lapho i-collier ikhula khona, kungakuhle ukuthi usebenzise amanzi aselungisiwe izinsuku ezintathu noma ahlanziwe (ngoba ukuqhakaza okumhlophe okuphuzi kuhlala kusuka kanzima ezihlokweni zesitshalo, okuyilimazayo).

Okubalulekile. Yize i-coleria iyisitshalo esithanda umswakama, akunakwenzeka ukuthi kufuthwe ingxenye yaso eluhlaza (noma ngenkathi eshisayo), ngoba kuleli cala amapuleti amaqabunga azovele aqale ukubola futhi lesi sitshalo sizolahlekelwa isikhalazo saso sokuhlobisa noma, okubi nakakhulu, sife.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ukugcina ukusebenza kwesitshalo, kuso zondliwa ngamaminerali kanye nezakhi zemvelo zezitshalo ezivela emndenini weGesneriaceae noma ama-violets... Owokuqala ugcwalisa umbala nge-nitrogen edingekayo ekukhuleni kwesisindo esiluhlaza, lesi sakamuva sikhuthaza ukuqhakaza okusebenzayo nokunothile. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ufake umanyolo lapho kufika intwasahlobo kuze kube sekupheleni kokuqhakaza kwesitshalo kaningi ngesonto elilodwa emavikini amabili.

Akufanele uzame ukufaka umanyolo kumuntu: uma usebenzisa uhlobo oluthile lukamanyolo ukufaka umquba, akufuneki ukuwuguqula ngokuzumayo, ngoba isitshalo sisabela ngokukhulu ukuzwela kulezi zinguquko. UColeria uzokuthokozela ukumunca uhlobo olufanayo lukamanyolo iminyaka eminingi.

Isikhathi sokuqhakaza

Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, uColeria udinga ukuphakelwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu nokujwayelekile. Njalo emavikini amabili, kufanele kusetshenziswe umanyolo onamandla we-potassium ne-phosphorus, ozoshukumisa izimbali ezinhle futhi ezinhle.
Ukunisela ngalesi sikhathi kufanele kungaguquguquki kepha kungabi njalo. Into esemqoka ukungavumeli umswakama ungene ezimbalini.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuvikela isitshalo elangeni eliqondile.

Ubusika

Izinhlobo eziningi ze-coleria zikhetha ukuthatha umhlalaphansi noma ukulala ubusika.

Kuhle ukubeka isitshalo endaweni emnyama.
Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuchelela kufanele kugcinwe okungenani.
Lesi sitshalo asidingi nokondliwa.
Kwezinye izimo, ingxenye eluhlaza ye-coleria ifa ebusika, ngaphandle kwalapho ilahle isitshalo kude. Shiya ibhodwe le-rhizome kuze kube sentwasahlobo, futhi nakanjani uzolinda amahlumela amasha.

Ukuthena

Uma isitshalo siqala ukukhipha amahlamvu ngenkathi ebandayo, udinga ukusisiza ngokusika ezimpandeni. Uma lesi sitshalo singakhiphi amahlamvu, ukuthena kungakhethwa.

Uma ufisa ukwakheka komqhele we-koleria kungenziwa ngokuya ngezifiso zakho... Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkathi yokukhula.

Uma ufuna isitshalo esiluhlaza, kufanele usike phezulu kuphela.
Ukuthola isitshalo se-ampelous, kuyadingeka ukuthi ushiye amahlumela wodwa futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi azolala phansi lapho kudingeka.

Dlulisa

Lesi sitshalo sitshalwe kabusha entwasahlobo.... Amandla wokufakelwa kufanele abanzi ngokwanele, ngoba uhlelo lwempande lwesitshalo lukhula kakhulu ngobubanzi kunokujula. Uma usebenzisa imbiza ejulile yokutshala kabusha, uhlelo lwempande lwe-koleriya luzothola i-oxygen encane, futhi inhlabathi izohlala imanzi njalo. Ngenxa yalokho, izimpande zizoqala ukubola.

Inkomba. IColeria isitshalo esinobumnene maqondana nezinguquko empilweni, ngakho-ke kufanele ukhethe indawo yesitshalo ngokucophelela. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi noma yiziphi izinguquko emvelweni, ikholeriya iphendula kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma uyihambisa kwenye i-sill yefasitela noma uyivula nje, ingathola ukushaqeka kwangempela.

Isithombe

Bheka isithombe se-koleria, okuthi, ngokunakekelwa okufanele, sinikeze izimbali ezinhle ekhaya.

Yanda ngaziphi izindlela?

I-Coleria ivame ukukhiqiza ngezindlela eziningana.

Izithelo

Ukhula lwenhlabathi emhlabathini:

Ukusabalalisa ngokusika, ihlumela elingaba ngu-8 cm ubude liyathathwa.
Kuyadingeka ukuyisiphula ngenhlanganisela ye-humus nesihlabathi. Kufanele kube nokushisa kwekhwalithi ephezulu ezansi ebhodweni.
Ukusuka ngenhla, isitsha kufanele simbozwe ngefilimu esobala kuze kuvele amahlumela okuqala.

Ungasebenzisa enye indlela yokukhulisa i-coleria nge-cuttings. Ngokuqothula emanzini udinga:

Beka ukusika emanzini ahlanzekile.
Lapho izimpande zokuqala ezincane zivela (lokhu kuvame ukwenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-6-7), ukusika kufanele kutshalwe kufakwe esitsheni esihlukile esinenhlabathi enomsoco.

Rhizome

Ungaqhuba inqubo yokuzala kabusha nge-rhizome nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka, kepha indlela esheshayo yokukhulisa isitshalo esisha entwasahlobo... Kwalokhu:

I-rhizome kufanele ihlukaniswe izingxenye eziningana ezilinganayo namafihlekile.
Tshala ngamunye wabo emhlabathini ngokujula okungaba ngu-2 cm.
Bese uthele ngobumnene ngamanzi.

Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, isitshalo esisha kufanele sivele esikalini ngasinye.

Imbewu

Ukusabalalisa imbewu kwenziwa ekupheleni kwesikhathi sasebusika. Inhlabathi ekahle yokuhlwanyela imbewu iyinhlanganisela yesihlabathi nenhlabathi enamaqabunga..

Izinhlamvu akufanele zicwiliswe ngokujulile enhlabathini: kwanele ukuyicindezela kancane emhlabathini, ukuyithambisa kancane ngamanzi kusuka ebhodleleni le-spray, bese umboza nge-polyethylene.
Lapho kuvela amahlumela okuqala, susa ifilimu.
Futhi lapho kuvela amaqabunga amabili okuqala, udinga ukufaka izitshalo ezincane ezimbizeni ezihlukene.

Izinambuzane nezifo

Lesi sitshalo asijwayele ukuthintwa izinambuzane, kepha kwezinye izimo kungabonakala isicabucabu noma i-aphid (amaqabunga kanye namahlumela esitshalo aqala ukukhubazeka).
Ungazisusa ngokuphatha izitshalo ngama-insecticide futhi ushintshe inhlabathi.
Kwesinye isikhathi ikholeriya ihlushwa umqubu noma ukubola kwezimpande. Lapho ukuqhakaza okumpunga kuvela emaqabungeni esitshalo, kubalulekile ukuzwakala ngokushesha i-alamu futhi kunciphise inani lamanzi angeniswe enhlabathini, ngoba imvamisa umswakama owedlulele ocasula ukukhula kwalezi zifo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukuphatha lesi sitshalo ngama-fungicides futhi uhlole izimpande zaso. Vuselela inhlabathi uma kunesidingo.
Okubalulekile. Uma amaqabunga e-curl yesitshalo, lokhu kuvame ukukhombisa ukuthi izinga lomswakama alanele, kanye nenani lamanzi elifakwe emhlabathini.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkinga ezithile zivame ukuvela nesitshalo, ezivezwa ekuguqukeni kwangaphandle
1. Ukungabi nezimbali. Izimbali zingase zingabikho e-koleria ngezizathu eziningana. Ezimweni eziningi, lokhu kubangelwa esinye sezizathu eziningana: inani elinganele lomanyolo osetshenzisiwe, umswakama onganele, izinga lokushisa lomoya eliphakeme kakhulu, njll.
2. Amaqabunga abunayo. Ebusika, lapho isitshalo singenakho ukukhanya okwanele, amaqabunga aso aqala ukubuna kancane kancane.
3. Shintsha umbala weqabunga. Lapho amaqabunga e-coleria ephendukile, lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi isitshalo asitholi inani elidingekayo lezakhamzimba, noma imbali imi elangeni eliqondile, empeleni okushisa ingxenye eluhlaza yesitshalo.
4. Amabala ansundu emaqabungeni. Inkinga efanayo ijwayelekile kwi-koleriy, ethola umswakama emanzini abandayo. Kwanele ukufudumeza amanzi kancane bese inkinga izonyamalala ngokushesha okukhulu.

Izici zokuzilungisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene: iLinden, i-fluffy nezinye

Ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo ngohlobo lwe-koleria ongathanda ukulikhulisa ekhaya, udinga ukuzazi ngokuningiliziwe ngezici zohlobo ngalunye oluthandayo.

Imvamisa, umehluko uhlobene nenani nesikhathi sokudla, kanye nesidingo sokuthena (noma ukuntuleka kwako). Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokuya kwesikhathi sokuqhakaza... Ngokwesibonelo,

I-coleria kaLinden ivame ukuqhakaza ngokuqala kwekwindla nakuyo yonke inkathi yayo;
IBogotka ijabulisa izimbali ezimibalabala imvamisa kusuka phakathi nehlobo kuya ekwindla yokuqala.

Uma kukhulunywa ngokuthena, le nqubo kufanele isondele ngokucophelela okukhulu. Ezinye izinhlobo ze-coleria azizidingi, kepha, ngokwesibonelo, izinhlobonhlobo ezinamanzi ahlukahlukene kufanele zithenwe ngezikhathi ezithile, ngoba isitshalo side futhi, lapho kungabikho izimbali, singafinyelela ubude obungu-1.2 m.

Okubalulekile. Khumbula ukuthi (ngaphandle kokuhlukahluka) i-koleria isitshalo esibucayi kakhulu: siyazwela kakhulu nasekucindezelekeni kwemishini, ngakho-ke kufanele uyiphathe ngokunakekela ngokweqile.

Yikho konke ukukhohlisa okudingeka ukwazi ngokukhulisa isitshalo esihle kangaka esinezimbali njenge-koleria ekhaya. Bhekisisa ushintsho oluncane ekubukeni kwembali futhi ulunakekele kahle. Kulokhu, i-koleria ngokuqinisekile izokuphendula ngezimbali eziqhakazile, ezinde. Ngikufisela inhlanhla!

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