Izimfihlo zokuqhakaza okukhulu: ungayinisela kanjani i-petunia?

IPetunia yimbali enhle ekhula emibhedeni yezimbali phambi kwesakhiwo sokuphatha kunoma yiliphi idolobha. Iphinde itshalwe emibhedeni ngabalimi kanye nasemabhodweni alenga ngabathandi bezimbali zasekhaya. Uyathandwa ngoba umelana nengcindezi.

Uma ulandela imithetho elula yokunakekelwa maqondana nokukhanyisa, ukunisela nokufaka umquba, kuzokujabulisa ngokuqhakaza okude kusukela ehlobo kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuchelela ngaphambi, ngesikhathi nangemva kokuqhakaza kwezimbali. Sizocubungula ukuthi unganisela kanjani kahle i-petunia kulesi sihloko.

Incazelo yesitshalo

I-Petunia isitshalo esisodwa noma esingapheli, imbali ye-herbaceous, noma i-shrub. UJB Lamarck yisazi semvelo esivela eFrance, owathi ngo-1793 waya ohambweni lwesayensi emazweni aseNingizimu Melika futhi wazithela kulesi sitshalo, sihle ngendlela engavamile ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali. Wayiqamba ngokuthi iNicotiana axillaris ngenxa yokufana kwamaqabunga ayo nalawo kagwayi. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi, bathola ezinye izinhlobo eziningana ezifana nayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, bahlukaniswa baba uhlobo oluhlukile, belubiza ngokuthi uPetunia.

Izici ezikhulayo

Ngesikhathi sokukhula, i-petunia idinga ukukhanya kwelanga okusebenzayo. Uma engagezi ngemisebe yelanga, kuhlanganiswe nesibani se-fluorescent esikhanyisiwe, isihlahla ngeke sikhule futhi ngeke kube khona ama-peduncles amahle (kuthiwani uma i-petunia ingaqhakazi?).

Lapho utshala kabusha, khetha ngokucophelela inhlabathi (izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba onamakhaza, isoyi nengxenye eyodwa ye-peat, isihlabathi), bese kubekwa ungqimba lwamanzi phansi. Enye ngeke isebenze, ngoba ngeke ithathe umswakama futhi igcwale umoya. Ama-petunias asemgwaqweni nasekhaya afakwa ngesikhathi, futhi inhlabathi iyaxegiswa ukuze igcwale umoya-mpilo.

Okubalulekile! Izinhlobo ezinamabala amakhulu ama-petunias azithandi umthunzi oyingxenye nobumanzi, imvula enamandla nomoya.

Izici zama-petunias akhulayo zichazwe kule ndatshana, futhi lapha ungafunda ngokuthi ungayikhulisa kanjani le mbali ensimini.

Ukunakekelwa okulungile

• Ukukhanya kwelanga okwanele +.
• Ukususwa kwazo zonke izingxenye ezifiphele ukukhuthaza ukukhula nokukhula kwama-inflorescence amasha.
• Ukuncina amahlumela ngenhla kwe-internode yesihlanu ukukhulisa igatsha lehlathi. Uma kunesidingo, nciphisa amahlumela amade, wakhe futhi ugcine "ibhola" elibukhali (indlela yokunquma isitshalo kuchazwe lapha).
• Ukunisela. UPetunia uthanda ukuchelela empandeni izikhathi 1-2 ngosuku. Ukususa amanzi amaningi, kubekwa ungqimba lwamanzi (amatshe, izingcezu zobumba, njll.). Uma amanzi enganikezwanga, i-acidification yenhlabathi nokumiswa komswakama kuzokwenzeka. Ngenxa yalokho, angafa.
• Umanyolo. UPetunia akayona enye yalezi zimbali ezidinga ukondliwa ngokucophelela. Kokubili ngenkathi yokukhula nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza, idinga ukondliwa njalo. Into esemqoka ukungasebenzisi umquba omusha.

Funda ngohlobo lokunakekelwa i-petunia oludinga lapha.

Kanjani futhi yini ukuthambisa kahle?

Izitshalo eziningi zasendlini zithanda umswakama futhi azikwazi ukubekezelela isomiso. Uma umswakama womoya wehla kakhulu, futhi umlimi engashintshi isikimu sokunisela, ukukhula kwentandokazi yakhe kuzokwehla. Ezimweni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, lesi sitshalo sifa ngenxa yokushoda komswakama. I-Petunia, njengezinye izitshalo zasendlini, iyaniselwa ngokuphelele.

Kanye namanzi, izakhamzimba zingena emhlabathini. Ingeniswa njalo ukuze kulungiswe umbuso wokushisa. Kepha umswakama nawo ungaba yingozi: uma ungqimba lwenhlabathi lungomile, ungawuniseli ukuze uvikele ukubola kwezimpande. Ngokuntuleka komswakama, amaqabunga aphuzi, futhi iziqu ziba yize.

Kokubili izithombo ezingavuthiwe ze-petunia nesitshalo esidala kuniselwa ngokucophelela. Ngokunisela, sebenzisa amanzi ahleliwe, hhayi avela empompini. Abanye abalimi benza ukuchelela ngenkasa. Banisela imbali ngamanzi ngesirinji ejwayelekile. Kanye nokunisela, inhlabathi iyaxegiswa ukuze inikeze izimpande nge-oxygen.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ungayondla kanjani i-petunia ehlobo? Kwalokhu sebenzisa umanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi nge-potassium ne-phosphorus. I-nitrogen iyadingeka ukuze ikhule amaqabunga; i-phosphorus ibhekene nokukhula kwezimpande nokwakheka kwehlumela; i-potassium iyadingeka ukuze efihlekile ibe nkulu. Izithasiselo ze-nitrogen ziyadingeka lapho imbewu ihlwanyelwa futhi ilinde izithombo noma lapho kunesidingo sokwakha isihlahla. Umanyolo we-phosphate-potassium usetshenziswa lapho i-petunia kufanele iqhakaze.

Inkomba! Umanyolo omuhle - uKemira Lux. Ngaphezu kwe-phosphorus ne-potassium (20.6 no-27.1, ngokulandelana), iqukethe inani elincane le-nitrogen. Ngaphezu kwakho, i-petunia yondliwa ngomanyolo we-Agricola wezitshalo eziqhakazayo.

Sibhale ukuthi uzondla nini futhi ngani i-petunia kule ndatshana, futhi lapha uzofunda ngokuthi yini ongayifaka umquba ukuze uqhakaze.

Yimalini futhi nini?

UPetunia akabekezeleli isomiso eseside. Uma amaqabunga akhe egugile, futhi izimbali zibukeka njengezidwedwe ezimanzi, zimnisela ngokushesha. Uma ungayiniseli ngesikhathi, ubuhle bembali ngeke bubuyiselwe. Amaqabunga akhe azophenduka aphuzi futhi amaqabunga azowa. Ngenxa yokushoda komswakama, ukungavikeleki kwe-petunia kuzoba sengozini. "Uyogula", futhi akulona iqiniso ukuthi uzolulama ngemuva kokugula.

Ezinyangeni zasehlobo, i-petunia iyaniselwa ekuseni nakusihlwa, i.e. kabili ngosuku. Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuhlela ukuchelela okunjalo, i-hydrogel ingezwa enhlabathini noma izigaxa ze-ceramic funnel. Ukunisela akwenziwa kuze kube yilapho ilanga seliphezulu phezulu emkhathizwe. Ebusika, iyaniselwa kanye ngosuku futhi kuphela uma umugqa ophezulu womhlaba womile kahle (imithetho yokunakekelwa ebusika ichaziwe lapha).

Ungayifutha kanjani imbali ebhodweni ekhaya?

Lapho ukhulisa ama-petunias embizeni efasiteleni, ukugomela ngokweqile nokugcwala kwamanzi kwenhlabathi kuyagwenywa. Amanzi akufanele eme lapho, kungenjalo azofa. Uma ukuchelela kujwayelekile futhi kunembile, lesi sitshalo sizoqhakaza kakhulu futhi sihle. Uyakuthanda nokufafaza, kepha kuphela uma amanzi ewela kuphela emaqabungeni, hhayi ezimbalini.

Umanyolo obuningi nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza?

Uma umanyolo we-nitrogen usetshenziselwa ukwakha isihlahla esinamandla, khona-ke i-boron, i-crystal crystal, i-S ne-Scots plantom - yokuqhakaza okukhulu. Ukusizakala ngazo, ziletha ukuqala kokuqhakaza kwezimbali futhi zikhulise isikhathi sokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga amasha. Zisiza futhi ukunxephezela ukuncipha kwenhlabathi ngokwethula i-urea, i-carbyne, i-potassium humate, i-ammonium ne-potassium nitrate ne-magnesium kuyo.

Okubalulekile! Izitolo zithengisa ukondla ngama-granules. Ziyasebenziseka ngoba zondla isitshalo njengoba sincibilika. Akulungele ukufaka umquba kuma-petunias. Akakuthandi ukugcwala kwezakhi zomzimba, futhi esimweni sokusebenzisa izithasiselo eziyimbudumbudu, ukunikezwa kwabo emhlabathini akukwazi ukulawulwa.

Ukunakekela i-petunia ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, umanyolo usetshenziswa kabili kakhulu kunangaphambi kokuqala kwawo futhi okungenani izinqubo ze-2-3 ngesizini ngayinye. Ngalesi sikhathi, kusetshenziswa umanyolo owuketshezi nowomile. Abalimi abanokuhlangenwe nakho batusa ukugcwalisa izinqolobane zomsoco ku-substrate kanye ngesonto, ukuze lesi sitshalo singakhathali. Bathenga i-Aquarine noma iPlanton S, kanti i-Epin ayisizi ngalutho ngoba ivusa ukukhula kobuningi obuluhlaza futhi inikela ngokuvikelwa okudingekayo ezilwaneni ezihlasela izinambuzane.

Amaphutha

Amaqabunga kaPetunia ngokuvamile aphenduka aphuzi. Le nkinga ibhekene nabalimi be-novice. Okufanele ngikwenze? Le nkinga ayiveli ekuqaleni. Amaqabunga aphuzi embali awuphawu lokweqile komswakama enhlabathini, njengoba izimpande zibola. Ukubona izinkinga ngamaqabunga, hlola i-petunia. Isitshalo esigulayo sinesiqu se-inelastic. Uma kungathathwa izinyathelo eziphuthumayo, kuzobhubha. Amanzi amaningi asenhlabathini abangela izifo zefungal.

Uqhubeka kanjani?

1. Uma amaqabunga eba phuzi ngenxa yokweqisa kwamanzi, ayasuswa, futhi izingosi ezisikiwe ziphathwa ngamafungicides.
2. Ngemuva kokukhipha zonke izingxenye ezithintekile, unganiseli i-petunia izinsuku ezimbalwa. Isendlalelo esiphezulu senhlabathi kufanele some ngokuphelele.
3. Ukuze kube lula ukomiswa ngokushesha kwenhlabathi egcwele amanzi, bayayixegisa.

Isiphetho

I-Petunia isitshalo esingathandi ukungena kwamanzi. Uma umlimi engabaza ukuthi inhlabathi yomile, kungcono ukuthi angayiniseli. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, izinkathi zesomiso akufanele zibe zinde. Uma ungayiniseli ngesikhathi, iyoba buthakathaka, amasosha omzimba ayo anciphe, futhi iyoba isisulu esamukelekile sezinambuzane ezingazelele. Ngamanye amagama, ukuthambisa kufanele kube ngokulingene futhi okujwayelekile!

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