Siphendula umbuzo odumile: ingabe i-orchid ingatshalwa enhlabathini ejwayelekile?

Namuhla, iqiniso lokuthi ama-orchid angakhuli emhlabathini sekuyinto ejwayelekile. Kepha kuzithangami zabalimi bezimbali, imininingwane ivela ngezikhathi ezithile yokuthi "i-orchid yami iyakhula futhi iqhakaze emhlabathini futhi izwakale imnandi!" Ngakho ngubani oqinisile, futhi kungenzeka yini ukuthi sikhule lesi sitshalo esimangalisayo enhlabathini ejwayelekile?

Kule ndatshana uzothola ukuthi ama-orchid angakhula yini enhlabathini ejwayelekile, yiziphi izinhlobo ezikulungele lokhu, ukuthi kungcono kanjani ukudlulisela le mbali emhlabathini.

Ingabe ukwehla kwehla kuvunyelwe?

Ekhuluma ngama-orchid nokutshala kwawo emhlabathini, kufanele kuqala unqume ukuthi hlobo luni lwe-orchid lushiwo. Zingahlukaniswa ngemibandela ngamaqembu amakhulu amathathu:

1. Ama-Epiphyte - empeleni awudingi mhlaba, kepha khula ezihlahleni. Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo evamile, ama-orchid e-epiphytic awawona ama-parasites, athatha umswakama odingekayo nezakhamzimba ezivela emoyeni nasemanzini emvula.
2. AmaLithophytes - Khula ezimeni ongazicabangi lapho uqala nje: ngamatshe angenalutho. Le yingxenye encane yama-orchid.
3. Ama-orchid omhlaba - bakha iqembu eliphakathi nendawo. Ngokungafani nezimbili zokuqala, zinezimpande ezingaphansi komhlaba noma izilimo eziyizigaxa. Njengomthetho, lezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhula ezindaweni ezifudumele futhi azizinhle njengobuhle bezindawo ezishisayo ezingaphandle. Lokhu kufaka phakathi iBletilla striata, iPleione, i-Orchis, neCypripedium.

Inkomba: izinhlobo ezibalwe zibekezelela kahle hhayi kuphela ukukhula emhlabathini, kodwa futhi nasebusika. Ngakho-ke ungazitshala kalula ... engadini.

Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokuba utshale i-orchid emhlabathini noma kumagxolo, udinga ukuthola ukuthi ikuliphi iqembu. Uma i-orchid isemhlabeni, ikhula kahle enhlabathini emnyama. Kepha ngama-epiphyte, izinto azikho kangako.

Kungani lokhu kuphikisana nezitshalo eziningi?

Ama-orchid aphikisayo atshalwe kuphela ku-substrate, umhlaba uzobabhubhisa ngokushesha. Kusuka kuphi? Konke kumayelana nokucaciswa kwezimpande zabo. Izimpande ze-orchid epiphytic yizitho ezibaluleke kakhulu kuyo, ezenza imisebenzi elandelayo:

• Inamathisela i-orchid ku-substrate, iyivumela ukuthi ihlale iqondile futhi ibanjwe kahle.
• Ngokusebenzayo, kanye namaqabunga, kubamba iqhaza ku-photosynthesis. Ezinye izinhlobo zithatha ukukhanya kwelanga ngokuyinhloko ngezimpande - zidinga ukutshalwa ezimbizeni ezisobala.
• Munca umswakama nezakhi ezisemoyeni futhi (okuncane) kusuka kumagxolo ezitshalo) - ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okubalulekile kwesitshalo.

Ukuze ufeze ngokugcwele le misebenzi, izimpande zama-orchid zimbozwe ngento ethile ekhethekile - i-velamen - isicubu se-spongy hygroscopic... Ngenxa yawo, izimpande zigcina umswakama, zinikeze isitshalo njengoba kudingeka. Kodwa zona ngokwazo kufanele zihlale zomile. Ukuqonda ukuthi kungani kunjalo, cabanga ngesipanji. Imunca kalula futhi ikhiphe umswakama.

Kodwa kwenzekani uma uwushiya umanzi isikhathi eside futhi ungenawo umoya? Kunjalo, isiponji sizobumba. Kwenzeka into efanayo nangezimpande ezibucayi ze-orchid, ezibhajwe enhlabathini ejwayelekile. Lokhu, ngenxa yezici zayo (ukuminyene kwesakhiwo, kuqhuba umswakama kahle futhi kahle - umoya), awomi isikhathi eside, futhi izimpande zimane zithimale ngaphandle kokufinyelela komoya. Uma isitshalo singafakelwa kabusha ngokushesha, izimpande zizoqala ukubola, bese kuthi isitshalo sife ngokuphelele.

Okubalulekile: ngaphandle kokubaluleka kwezimpande, i-orchid enezimpande ezibolile kumele ivuselelwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukumenzela izimo zokushisa (ukumbeka ebhodweni ngaphandle kwe-substrate, kodwa ngamanzi nangaphansi kwefilimu).

Izinhlobo ze-epiphytic zizothinteka kanjani ngokuzibeka kwi-chernozem ejwayelekile?

Kakhulu, futhi, maye, isilingo esibi sokukhula kwama-orchid ezweni elijwayelekile senziwa ngesikhathi sethulwa okokuqala eYurophu... Abalimi bengadi, behlatshwe umxhwele ubuhle bezitshalo ezishisayo, babezimisele ukukhokha amanani amahle kakhulu futhi babanikeza okungcono kakhulu: inhlabathi emnyama ecebile. Kepha ngasizathu simbe izitshalo zafa ngobuningi ...

Uma uzama ukutshala izinhlobo ezingahloselwe lokhu enhlabathini ejwayelekile emnyama, isitshalo ngeke siphile isikhathi eside. Ngokwesibonelo:

1. I-Phalaenopsis - ama-orchid avame kakhulu ekhaya. Badinga i-aeration enhle kakhulu, futhi bafela ezimbizeni ezinamagxolo agxishwe ngqi. Ngisho noma nje ufafaza izimpande zabo ngomhlaba ojwayelekile, lesi sitshalo sizofuthanwa maduze. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-phalaenopsis iyimbali engathobeki engaba khona isikhathi eside ezimweni ezingathandeki. Kungakho ungathola izibonelo lapho ikhula futhi iqhakaza imbiza enomhlabathi.

   Kepha isimangaliso esinjalo ngeke sihlale isikhathi eside: izimpande zizobola kancane futhi isitshalo sizofa. Ngendlela, uma i-phalaenopsis iqhakaza emhlabathini, kungenzeka ukuthi ibuhlungu, ngoba ukuqhakaza kwe-orchid kwesinye isikhathi kwenzeka njengokuphendula ezimweni ezimbi.

2. Wanda... Lesi sitshalo sithukuthele kakhulu futhi asifanele umlimi oqalayo. Kudinga ukufinyelela njalo emoyeni kangangokuthi ikhula kahle kakhulu ezimbizeni ngaphandle kwe-substrate nhlobo, enezimpande ezingenalutho. Lapho ingena emhlabathini, izolahlekelwa amaqabunga ayo ngokushesha okukhulu, bese ifa. I-Wanda ayikwazi ukuqhakaza emhlabeni.
3. Ascocenda... NjengoWanda, uthanda ukusakazwa komoya, udinga imbiza epulasitiki enobuncane be-substrate. Uma utshala enhlabathini emnyama, khona-ke kungekudala uzobona ukuphuzi kwamaqabunga, khona-ke azoqala ukuwa. Uma umba ngalesi sikhathi, ungabona ushintsho ezimpandeni: ngaphandle kokufinyelela emoyeni, zizojika ziphuzi futhi zijikeleze uhhafu. Ukufakelwa okuphuthumayo kuphela okungasindisa isitshalo.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhula enhlabathini?

Uma uthenge i-orchid futhi ungabaza ukuthi uzotshala ini, udinga ukuthola ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlukahluka. Uma lesi sitshalo sidabuka eHimalaya, e-Australia noma eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, khona-ke singadinga umhlaba. Yilawa ma-orchid asebenza ngokuzala namuhla, futhi ngenxa yalokho, kutholakala ama-hybridi aguqulelwa kwizimo zezindlu nasemhlabathini. Ngokwesibonelo:

• IHemaria (Haemaria);
• AmaMakode (amaMacode);
• I-Anectochilus (Anoectochilus);
• Goodyera.

Kukhona futhi ama-orchid asendle akhula e-Ukraine, eRussia naseBelarus., futhi umhlaba wabo uyisisekelo esivamile. It:

• ILimodorum;
• I-Orchis;
• Ophris;
• ULyubka;
• I-Anacamptis;
• Ikhanda impova;
• Impande yomunwe;
• Ukushelela kukaLady nabanye.

Imvamisa, i-cymbidium ithengiswa njenge-orchid ekhula enhlabathini. Udinga inhlabathi esindayo engagcina umswakama eduze kwezimpande, nokunisela kaningi. Iyakwazi ukuhlala ngisho nasenhlabathini ejwayelekile emnyama, noma imvamisa amagxolo nomhlaba onamaqabunga (i-humus) kufakwa ekwakhekeni kwenhlabathi efanelekile nge-cymbidium.

Ngabe ngidinga ukungcolisa inhlabathi?

Inhlabathi ye-orchid ethengiwe kwesinye isikhathi iqukethe inhlabathi. Ungayengeza ngempela uma unezinhlobonhlobo ezithanda umswakama ophezulu. Kepha akuyona neze inhlabathi ejwayelekile emnyama! Ungaxuba kulowo obizwa ngokuthi umhlabathi onamaqabunga: lona ngumhlabathi otholakala ngemuva kokubola kwamaqabunga ehlathini. Inothile kakhulu futhi isitshalo sikhula kahle kuso. Ungazimbela ngokwakho, bese uyihlunga ngokucophelela bese uyifaka ngokuya ngenhlanganisela oyenzayo (ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokwakheka kwenhlabathi yama-orchid lapha, ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi yini okungcono ukuyenza ekhaya noma ukuthenga ukwakheka kwenhlabathi okwenziwe ngomumo, ungathola kulokhu okubhaliwe ). Kepha iphesenti lokuqukethwe komhlaba akufanele lidlule ama-40%.

Ngokwesibonelo, enhlanganisweni yamagxolo, umhlaba, isihlabathi namalahle, i-orchid yaseLudzia ikhula kahle (okuhlukahlukene ngamaqabunga amakhulu aluhlaza okotshani nezimbali ezincane ezifana neparele).

Ukukhethwa komxube olungele

Lapho uthola ukubukeka kwe-orchid yasemhlabeni, uzobhekana nenkinga: cishe akukho zingxube zomhlaba ezenziwe ngomumo zazo. Isilinganiso ongakunikeza sona isitolo yi-substrate yama-violets. Kodwa iqukethe cishe i-peat eyodwa ephakeme futhi ayiwalungele kahle ama-orchid.

Kuzofanele wenze ingxube ngokwakho. Zonke izingxenye ze-substrate yesikhathi esizayo zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu ama-3:

1. Isisekelo somhlaba (iqabunga, i-turf noma umhlaba we-coniferous, peat).
2. Ukuxegisa izithasiselo (hhayi amahlamvu abolile ngokuphelele, ubulembu, amalahle, amagxolo noma i-polystyrene).
3. Umanyolo wemvelo (ubumba kanye ne-mullein eyomile).

Iseluleko! Ngokuhlanganisa la maqembu amathathu nomunye, uzothola ingxube efanelekile yokwehlisa.

Ungayidlulisa kanjani imbali?

1. Ukuqala, nquma ukuthi iyiphi i-orchid onayo... Zonke izinhlobo zomhlaba zingahlukaniswa zibe yizinhlobo ezimbili:
   • Isinqunyiwe - esidinga ukutshalwa kabusha konyaka. Ngesikhathi esomile, womabili amaqabunga nezimpande ziyafa. Badinga umhlaba njengokukhanya ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo unomsoco. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: ama-calantes, ama-catazetum, ama-playon, ama-bletias, i-bletilla. Ingxube efanelekile: inhlabathi enamaqabunga, inhlabathi ye-turf, i-humus, i-peat ebomvu, izimpande ze-fern, isihlabathi somfula (thatha isilinganiso sika-2/2/2/1/2/1).
   • Ama-evergreen angadingi ukutshalwa kabusha konyaka. Zitshalwa kabusha lapho i-substrate ibola noma izimpande ziphuma onqenqemeni lwebhodwe. Lokhu kufaka ama-cymbidiums, izinhlobo ezinamakhasi aluhlaza okotshani ama-paphiopedilum, ama-fajus, izinhlobo eziningi zama-phragmipediums, aqoqiwe. Inhlanganisela efanelekayo: inhlabathi ene-fibrous turf, amaqabunga abolile, izimpande ze-fern, i-sphagnum, isihlabathi somfula (isilinganiso se-3/1/2/1/1).
2. Ngaphezu kwalokho khetha ibhodwe... Kungaba ipulasitiki noma i-ceramic, kepha kusadingeka izimbobo zokuhambisa amanzi. Ungqimba lwamanzi amaningi lubekwa phansi (imfucumfucu echotshoziwe, ama-shards aphukile noma izingcezu zepulasitiki ye-foam - okungenani u-3-4 cm).
3. Ngemuva kwalokho susa i-orchid ebhodweni langaphambilini (kungcono ukuyihlephula noma uyisike - ngale ndlela izimpande zizokonakala kancane), uhlole bese ugeza izimpande. Ukuthola ukuthi impande iyaphila yini, yikhame kancane ngomunwe wakho. Izimpande eziphilayo kufanele ziqine.
4. Ngemuva kwalokho i-orchid isethwe ebhodweni futhi imbozwe inhlabathi elungisiwe... Ungayicwilisi ngokujulile enhlanganisweni - izimpande kufanele ziphefumule. Inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ayidingi ukuthanjiswa, isivele ivala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Unganisela i-orchid ngemuva kokufaka kabusha kungakapheli izinsuku ezintathu - ngale ndlela uzokugwema ukubola kwezimpande.

Uma konke kwenziwa ngendlela efanele: izinhlobo ze-orchid zichazwe kahle, zingumhlabathi ngempela, inhlabathi ixubeke kahle futhi ukufakelwa kwenzeka ngaphandle kokulimala, khona-ke isitshalo sizokwamukelwa nakanjani. Futhi ngokushesha i-orchid yakho ekhula enhlabathini izokubonga ngezimbali ezinhle!

Bukela ividiyo: EV JAPGET MAGOTI NGUVU YA SADAKA KWENYE KUSHUGHULIKIA TABIA MBAYA (Septhemba 2024).