Izithombe, incazelo, nokunakekelwa kwezinhlobonhlobo ze-petunia enezimbali eziningi: iTornado, iGlafira, iMultiflora

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I-petunia enezimbali eziningi ingesinye sezitshalo zokuhlobisa ezinhle kakhulu abatshali bezimbali abaningi abathanda kakhulu. Futhi lokhu akumangazi, ngoba kuvezwa ngemibala ehlukahlukene, inezimbali ezinde futhi ayinakekeli ekunakekelweni.

Ungasebenzisa lolu hlobo lwengadi petunia ekuhlobiseni ukwakheka kwezwe, ngoba izimbali zakhe ziphakathi nendawo, futhi imvula enesimo semvula ayimubi kuye. Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka izinhlobo zale petunia nemithetho yokuyinakekela. Futhi bukela ividiyo ewusizo esihlokweni.

Incazelo nomlando wesenzeko

Ngokokuqala ngqa kwaziwa nge-petunia ngo-1793 sibonga uchwepheshe uLamarck... Kamuva, kwavela izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-petunias, phakathi kwawo lapho kwakukhona okunezimbali eziningi. Ekuqaleni, bahlala endaweni eseNingizimu Melika, kwathi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18 baziswa eYurophu.

I-petunia enezimbali eziningi ihlukaniswa ukusabalala okunothile kwezimbali ezincane ngosayizi. Izimbali zikhula kakhulu, ukuze isihlahla simbozwe cishe ngama-inflorescence akhanyayo. I-petunia enezimbali eziningi isitshalo sangaphambilini, ngakho-ke ungabuthokozela ubuhle bayo ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunezinye izinhlobo.

Ukukhula kukaPetunia kuphansi, kepha izihlahla zilingana ngosayizi... Ukubukeka okukhanyayo okungajwayelekile, isihlahla sizungezwe ngokusika izihlahla. Imibala yehlukile, kukhona ama-inflorescence we-monochromatic kanye ne-variegated.

QAPHELA: Ukuhlukahluka kwe-petunia enemifudlana eminingi ukumelana nezinguquko zezulu, kepha akubekezeleli isithwathwa.

Izinhlobo, izici zazo nezithombe

Glafira

Yisihlahla se-petunia esinezimbali eziningi esincane futhi esincanyana ngosayizi. Ukuphakama kwayo kufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-20 kuya kwangu-30. Okucacile kwesiko lokuhlobisa ukuthi lapho kuhlwanyelwa ekuqaleni, ukuqhakaza kuqala ngoMeyi.

Inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu yezinhlobonhlobo ukumelana nesomiso.... Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ze-petunia enezimbali eziningi, uGlafira ukubekezelela ngokuphelele ukungabi khona komswakama isikhashana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugcwaliswa kwezimbali nokubukeka kokuhlobisa akuguquki. Izinhlobonhlobo zibuyisa ngokuphelele ukubukeka kwazo okuhle ngemuva kwemvula.

I-Multiflora

Izimbali zincane ngosayizi, zingu-4-8 cm ububanzi.Zingaba kabili, zingabi kabili (funda ukuthi ungazinakekela kanjani izinhlobo eziphindwe kabili lapha). Ukusabalalisa isihlahla, esinyene, esiyindilinga, silinganiswe ngobude. I-Petunia multiflora yiqembu elihluke kakhulu lama-petunias. Unama-inflorescence amakhulu futhi amahle, ububanzi bawo buyi-cm 12. Ukuma kwembali kungahluka, futhi umbala uyi-bicolor enemithambo, ama-frills, ama-fringe, izinkanyezi.

Kepha maqondana nokulima, okuhlukahlukene kuyadingeka. Kuvame ukuthintwa yithonya lezifo zezilokazane, kanye nokumelana nomoya nemvula kancane. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, I-petunia microflora isabhekwa njengeyona ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabalimi bezimbali, njengoba yethulwe ezinhlobonhlobo.

Inkanyamba

Lokhu ukuhlukahluka kwe-petunia enezimbali eziningi, enamahlumela amakhulu, amade nama-inflorescence amahle ngendlela emangalisayo. Ububanzi bawo bungu-5-7 cm. Umbala wefihlekile ungaba nsomi, upinki nomhlophe.

Ummeleli ongavamile kakhulu waleli qembu lama-petunias uhlala iTornado Parple F1... Izinhlobonhlobo zihlukaniswa ukukhula kwayo okusheshayo, amandla nokuqhakaza okukhulu. Ubude bamahlumela bufinyelela ku-1.5 m. Umbala we-inflorescences ubomvu ngokukhanyayo. Izimbali zihlala kulo lonke ihlobo kuze kufike iqhwa. Kwehluka ekuzithobeni ekunakekelweni, amandla okubuyisa kalula ukuhlobisa ngemuva komoya nemvula.

Izithombo ezikhulayo ezimbewini

Ukuze kulinywe ngempumelelo i-petunia enezimbali eziningi, izincomo ezilandelayo kufanele zibhekwe lapho utshala:

Ukuhlwanyela izinto zokutshala ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari-ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari. Njengoba imbewu incane, uyihlanganise nesihlabathi.
Sabalalisa okokutshala ebusweni bomhlaba, ezingeni nasemanzini ngebhodlela lokufafaza.
Mboza ibhokisi ngezithombo nge-foil bese ufaka egumbini elinamazinga okushisa angama-20-23 degrees.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7, amahlumela okuqala azovela. Kanye ngesonto kuzofanele bafuthwe ngesisombululo se-potassium permanganate. Ngaphezu kwalokho, susa ifilimu ukuze ikhishwe amahora amaningi.
Lapho kwakhiwa amahlamvu okuqala angama-3-4, ipiki lingenziwa ngokufaka amahlumela ezinkomishini ezihlukene.
Yenza ipiki ngokucophelela, udlulise ihlumela ngeqabunga, ukuze ungalimazi izimpande futhi unganyakazisi inhlabathi kuzo.

Bukela ividiyo emayelana nezithombo ezikhulayo zama-petunias anezimbali eziningi ezivela embewini:

Izidingo zenhlabathi

I-substrate ye-petunia enemifudlana eminingi ilungele i-sandy loam noma i-loamy... Kufanele ivundiswe nge-peat noma i-humus. I-Petunia ikhula ngenkuthalo, ikhula futhi ikhula kakhulu kuphela uma itshalwe enhlabathini elula, enomsoco ene-pH engathathi hlangothi.

Ukukhanyisa nendawo

Indawo yokukhulisa ama-petunias anezimbali eziningi kufanele ibe libalele. Uma utshala i-petunia emthunzini, khona-ke uzoqala ukwelula, inani lamaqabunga lizokhula, kepha inani lezimbali lizokwehla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo enomthunzi izothinta kabi umphumela wokuhlobisa wehlathi.

OKUBALULEKILE: Ngama-petunias anezimbali eziningi, thola indawo ezovikelwa kakhulu emoyeni ngangokunokwenzeka. Uma kuvunguza umoya onamandla, izimbali ezintekenteke zizolimala.

Ungayinakekela kanjani kahle?

Ukunisela

Hlanganisa inhlabathi lapho i-petunia ikhula khona, njengoba kudingeka... Amanzi amile akulungele lokhu. Nisela isitshalo empandeni ukuze amanzi angangeni ezimbali ezintekenteke. Ngakusasa ngemuva kokuswakama, kubalulekile ukukhulula ukhula.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Kwanele ukwengeza ukwakheka kokudla okunempilo kanye ngesonto. Ngalokhu, izinto eziphilayo zishintshaniswa nokugqokwa kwamaminerali.

I-petunia enezimbali eziningi izobe iluhlaza uma iniselwa ngezikhathi ezithile ngesisombululo esinamandla sama-humates. Umbala wamafihlekile uzoba ocebile lapho usebenzisa i-petunia ekhethekile yokondla "i-Aquarine Flower".

Ukuthambisa, ukondla nokususa ukhula izitshalo ezinezimbali eziningi kwenziwa kahle kusihlwa noma lapho lina liguqubele.

Ukuthena

Njengoba i-petunia enezimbali eziningi ikhula ngendlela yesihlahla, kufanele inqunywe.... Ukwenza lokhu, ngemuva kokutshala isitshalo endaweni evulekile, cindezela amaqabunga ambalwa phezulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, isiqu esiyinhloko sizophuma, futhi i-petunia uqobo lwayo luzoba lukhuni ngokwengeziwe.

Ngeke kusebenze ukwakha i-ampelous petunia ngokucindezela. Isiqu sakhe sizoqhubeka nokukhula futhi ngeke afune ukufaka igatsha.

Buka ividiyo mayelana nokuthena ama-petunias emhlabathini:

Izifo ezivamile nezinambuzane

Ngokuvamile, i-petunia enezimbali eziningi ithinteka izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane nezamagciwane.... Phakathi kwazo:

ikhukhamba ne-mosaic kagwayi;
ama-leaf galls;
amagciwane amazambane notamatisi;
ugwayi necrosis.

Zibonakala ngamabala we-necrotic ne-chlorotic, iphethini kaMose emaqabunga, kanye nokuguqulwa kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene zesitshalo.

ICEBISO: Uma lezi zifo zithintekile, imbali kufanele isuswe ngokushesha emhlabathini bese ishiswa. Ngokuvikela, ukulwa nabathwali abaphambili balezi zifo - izintwala.

Futhi, i-petunia enezimbali eziningi ithinteka yizifo zefungal.:

isikhutha esiyimpuphu;
okulimaza sekwephuzile;
izinhlobo ezahlukene zokubola;
blackleg;
indawo ensundu.

Ekwelashweni, kusetshenziswa izidakamizwa eziqukethe ithusi, kanye nama-biological agents kanye namakhemikhali: iTrichodermin, iFitosporin.

Kulezi zinambuzane, ingozi yile:

i-aphid;
ama-thrips;
izibungu zesicabucabu;
i-whitefly;
ama-slugs.

Uma kutholakala izimpukane ezimhlophe, ama-aphid noma ama-thrips, lapha ngemithi yokubulala izinambuzane, kufaka phakathi: i-Confidor, i-Aktara. Ukulwa nezibungu zesicabucabu, izindlela ezikhethekile zenziwe: iDemitan, i-Aktellik... Ukwesabisa ama-slugs, fafaza i-metaldehyde ebusweni bomhlaba.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

I-petunia eminingi ikhiqiza kaningi ngenzalo. Ukulima, hlwanyela imbewu ngoMashi, bese utshala emhlabathini ovulekile ngasekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi. I-Petunia ekhule isuka enzalweni ivame ukuthinteka yi-blackleg, ngakho-ke kufanele ugcine izinga lomswakama elidingekayo, ugweme ukuminyana kwenhlabathi. Ukutshekisa okungcono, phusha.

Izibonelo ezithakazelisa kakhulu zama-petunias zisatshalaliswa ukusikwa... Le nqubo yenzeka entwasahlobo. Ukwenza lokhu, nquma amahlumela ama-apical ngamaqabunga ama-4-5, bese uwafaka emhlabathini ngo-¼, umboze ngengilazi ngaphezulu. Ngesikhathi sokuqothula, fafaza ama-cuttings ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngokuvamile, ukusika kusetshenziselwa izinhlobo zezimbali ezinamanzi futhi eziphindwe kabili.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Lapho kukhula ama-petunias amaningi, izinkinga eziningi zingenzeka. Zonke izimbali kufanele zibazi nokuthi zingaziqeda kanjani:

Ukwenza kube lula ngangokunokwenzeka ukuthi izitshalo ezincane zidlulisele ukufakelwa endaweni evulekile, zenze imicimbi efanayo lapho kunamafu noma kusihlwa.
Ukugcina umswakama omkhulu nokuvikelwa emakhazeni omhlabathi, gcwalisa kahle isitshalo nge-peat.
Lapho utshala ama-petunias ezimbizeni noma ezimbizeni zezimbali, naka ukuphakama kwezinhlangothi. Akufanele idlule ngamasentimitha 5. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngomoya omncane, amagatsha azogcoba onqenqemeni bese ephuka.
Ukudonsa okungeziwe ezimbizeni zezimbali akukufanele. Izimbobo ezikhethekile ezansi zanele. Kungukuthi inhlabathi yama-petunias yoma ngokushesha okukhulu.
Zonke izindlela zokuswakama nokondla kufanele zenziwe kusihlwa. Isizathu ukuthi lapho ilanga lisebenza, kusha ifomu emaqabungeni.

Isiphetho

I-petunia enezimbali eziningi isitshalo esithakazelisayo nesimibalabala., okuyinto namuhla ehlobisa ngentshiseko kuvulandi, ama-loggias kanye nemibhede yezimbali. Kwanele ukutshala izinhlobo eziningana zaleli qembu lama-petunias kusayithi ukuthola ilungiselelo lokuqala lezimbali. Lesi sitshalo asidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ngakho-ke noma oqalayo angafeza ukuqhakaza okude nokuchichimayo.

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