Yini okufanele uyenze uma i-orchid inomgogodla obolile? Izimbangela zokulimala kwesiqu, izinyathelo zosizo

Ama-orchid, njengezinye izinto eziphilayo, avame ukuba ngaphansi kwezifo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuphathwa kabi, izinambuzane eziyingozi, nemingcele yezindlu.

Abakwa-Florists bakweluleka ngokuqinile ukuthi uhlole ngokucophelela isitshalo lapho uthenga esitolo, ngoba iningi lezimpawu lizimisele ngokubukeka. Ukuze ungatholi isitshalo esigulayo, futhi ungatheleleli ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo.

Isizathu esiyinhloko sokubola komgogodla ku-orchid ukutholakala kwamagciwane kanye nesikhunta.

Incazelo nezimpawu zangaphandle zokubola kwesiqu

Ukubola kuyincazelo ejwayelekile yezifo ezibangelwa isikhunta se-phytopathogenic namagciwane. Enkambeni yokuthuthuka, ukubola kuholela ekulimaleni kwamahlamvu amaqabunga, iziqu, izimpande, esigabeni esithuthuke kakhulu - ukuqeda ukubola, ukoma nokufa okusheshayo kwezimbali zokuhlobisa.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuthi kungani ama-orchid eshiya ukubola nokuthi wenzeni ngakho, funda lapha.

Izimpawu zangaphandle: kuvela amabala amnyama amancane esiqwini noma ezansi kokungajwayelekile, ezikhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lesi simo sihlanganisa ukuphuzi noma ukufiphaza kwamaqabunga asezansi, awela ngobuningi.

Isimo esijwayelekile sama-orchid sibonakala ngalokhu:

• ubuthakathaka;
• ukulahleka kweturgor;
• izimfanelo zokuhlobisa ziyawohloka;
• ubude bezimbali buyancipha;
• izinqubo ze-photosynthesis zivame ukuvinjelwa;
• ukukhula kuyama.

Imiphumela

Into eyingozi kakhulu lapho imbali iqala ukubola ukusuka phakathi, ngoba inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ze-orchid linendawo eyodwa yokukhula. Lapho sifa, isitshalo ngeke sikwazi ukuqhubeka nokuthuthuka, bese siyafa.

Futhi, ngokubola komgogodla noma kwentamo, i-orchid ilahlekelwa amahlamvu ayo. Amaqabunga abe athambile, angabi nokunwebeka. Ziwa esiqwini, isitshalo sigoqeka njengomakhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lwempande lonakele. Ngemininingwane yokuthi ungayigcina kanjani i-orchid uma izimpande ziwohloka noma sezibolile, funda le ndatshana.

Ngomswakama omningi ngokweqile egumbini, izindawo ezithintekile zesitshalo zigcwala izinhlamvu zokubola, ezingasakazeka ezimbalini eziseduze. Uma kungathathwa izinyathelo eziphuthumayo ngesikhathi futhi imbangela yokwanda kokubola iyasuswa. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho i-orchid ingasindiswa ekufeni okungenakugwemeka. Ngempela, ezigabeni zakamuva, akukho okuzosiza.

Izimbangela zokubola

Ziningi izinto eziholela ekwenzekeni kokubola. Udinga ukuwaqonda ngokuningiliziwe.

Ukulimala kwemishini

Ukubola kungenzeka ngenxa yokuwa noma ukulimala kwengxenye yesitshalo. Ngemuva kwalokho, alukho usizo lokuqala olwanikezwa. Ingxenye eyonakele ayelashwa ngesibulali magciwane ngesikhathi, futhi ngenxa yalokho, isiqu siyabola.

Isithwathwa

Abalimi abangenalwazi abanaki ngokunisela. Hlela ishawa efudumele yimbali, kanti amanzi ahlala kuma-axils amaqabunga. Ehlobo, kunjalo, akukho okumele ukhathazeke ngakho. Ngokushisa okuphezulu komoya nelanga elikhanyayo, emahoreni ambalwa ngeke kube khona umkhondo wamanzi. Lokho nje uma ubeka isitshalo esimanzi ngokuphelele ngaphansi kwemisebe yelanga eshisayo. Umphumela uba ukulimala ngenxa yokushisa ngokweqile, okuzofana nezimpawu ezifana ne-hypothermia.

Isimo sibi kakhulu ebusika, uma ifasitela okuma kulo i-orchid liyitshe, futhi umoya obandayo ungena ngohlaka. Ngemuva kwalokho uketshezi ezikhaleni zezicubu ngeke luhwamuke, kepha luzohlala isikhathi eside.

Umswakama owedlulele ekukhanyeni okungekuhle

Ngokuvamile, i-orchid ngayinye inomkhawulo wayo wokukhanya. Ngaphezulu kwayo iyakhula futhi ithuthuke, kuthi ngezansi ilale. Ezitshalweni ezingasebenzi, izinqubo ezibalulekile zimisiwe, azidingi ukufaka umanyolo ngamanyolo wamaminerali, ukuchelela njalo. Ngalesi sikhathi, imbali ayimunci leyo nswakama njengoba, ngokwesibonelo, esigabeni sokukhula, ngakho-ke, okweqile kuyaqoqeka futhi kubangele ukubola.

Ukutheleleka kwefungal ne-bacterial

Ukwephulwa kwemingcele ye-microclimate ekamelweni kuholela ekwakhiweni kwezifo ezithathelwanayo. Lokhu kungenzeka futhi uma kungagcinwa umbuso wokuhlukaniswa. Uma kutholakala ukutheleleka kwefungal ne-bacterial, imbali egulayo kufanele ihlukaniswe ngokuphuthumayo nalabo abaphilile, ngoba ukutheleleka kusakazeka ngokushesha okukhulu.

Ungathola okuningi mayelana nokuthi ungenzani uma i-orchid ine-fusarium, futhi ubona isithombe salesi sifo sefungal, lapha.

Izimpawu zokwehlulwa

Ukuba khona kokubola kuma-orchid kunqunywa ngokususelwa ekubeni khona kwalezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• amaqabunga alahlekelwa ukuqina kwawo, umbala ogqamile, ithoni;
• umbala onsundu uvela ezansi kweqabunga;
• ukufa ngokushesha kobunzima obuluhlaza;
• ukuvela kwamabala amnyama entanyeni noma esiqwini;
• amabala ansundu abonwa kuma-inflorescence;
• Imidwebo eluhlaza okotshani iyabonakala ezindongeni zembiza;
• phezulu, okungazinzile kwesitshalo.

Yini indlela engcono yokucubungula?

Izidakamizwa eziphumelela kakhulu ukuvimbela nokwelashwa kwenqubo yokubola ama-fungicides. Lezi yizikhwama eziqeda ama-causative agents wezifo zefungal kubamele bezimbali. Izingxenye zokubulala isikhunta yilezi:

• ithusi;
• i-manganese;
• i-mercury;
• izinto eziphilayo;
• ama-aldehyde.

Izidakamizwa ezidumile zokubulala:

1. UFitosporin-M efanelekile ekwelapheni izifo zefungal kanye namagciwane.
2. I-Quadrix - isidakamizwa esibanzi, esenziwe ngesisekelo sezinto ze-azoxystrobin, esisetshenziselwa izinhloso zokuthambisa nokwelapha.
3. I-Copper sulfate ngokuya nge-sulfate yethusi, umphumela omuhle ubonwa ngemuva kwamahora ama-3.
4. UMikosan iwusizo ezigabeni zokuqala zesifo, yenza umsebenzi we-lectins, ivuse amasosha omzimba.
5. I-Bordeaux liquid, futhi kwenziwa ngesisekelo sesixazululo sethusi. Iqukethe ne-lime ukunciphisa i-asidi yenhlabathi.

Uma kunomonakalo omncane embali, okungukuthi, ukutheleleka kusezigabeni zokuqala, ungasebenzisa amakhambi wesintu:

• Isixazululo se-iodine. Nciphisa amaconsi ama-5 ento kumalitha amahlanu amanzi, fafaza isitshalo kanye ngesonto.
• I-garlic tincture. Gcizelela u-100 g wamakhoba kagalikhi kumalitha ayi-10 wamanzi afudumele ngosuku.
• Ukumnika lwesinaphi. I-50 g yempuphu yesinaphi ithelwa ngamalitha ama-5 ketshezi olushisayo. Le nhlanganisela ibiza izinsuku ezimbili endaweni emnyama, ngaphambi kokuyisebenzisa, thela ngamanzi 1: 1.

Ezigabeni zakamuva, ngeke ibhekane nganoma iyiphi indlela ngaphandle kwamakhemikhali. Vele, izindlela zendabuko zilula ukuzenza, azinobuthi noma ziyingozi, kepha azisebenzi njalo. Zingasetshenziswa njengendlela yokuvimbela.

Imiyalo yokuthi wenzeni ngokuya ngengxenye ethintekile yesitshalo

Ama-orchid athinteka kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezifo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuzibona ngokushesha izimpawu ukuze uqonde ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma iphuzu lokukhula, umnyombo noma intamo ezansi kokubola kweqabunga. Ngeshwa, amalungu omndeni wakwa-Orchid avame ukuthinteka ukubola. Lokhu kuhlobene ngqo nezimo ezingalungile zokuboshwa.

Iphuzu lokukhula

Isinyathelo sokuqala ukuthola imbangela yalesi sifo. Uma kufanele kusolwe umonakalo owenziwe ngomshini, ukushisa ngokweqile, noma i-hypothermia, ngakho-ke asikho isidingo sokuhlukanisa isitshalo. Uma kukhona i-peduncle enamaqabunga, kufanele inqunywe, ishiye ingxenye yesiqu ngama-2-3 efihlekile.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma iphuzu lokukhula selibolile? Ukwelashwa kuzoba ngale ndlela elandelayo:

1. Susa zonke izicubu ezilimele ukuze kungabikho mabala amnyama ahlala ndawo.
2. Khipha amagciwane kwizigaba.
3. Ngezifo ezithathelwanayo kuma-orchid noma njengenyathelo lokuvikela ukungena kwe-infestation, kufanele kusetshenziswe ama-fungicides ezihloko.
4. Hlola imbali enesifo njalo ukuze ubone ukuthi inqubo yokubola isiqalile yini.
5. Amahlumela ku-peduncle angalashwa nge-cytokinin paste ye-hormonal ukukhuthaza ukubukeka kwezingane.

Okuyinhloko

Ukuze uvikele ukubola kungasabalali ngaphakathi kwembali, kufanele uthathe izinyathelo ezisheshayo:

1. Susa zonke izindawo ezibolile phansi kwezicubu eziphilayo.
2. Ukususwa ngokuphelele okuyisisekelo kungenzeka.
3. Ngemuva kokusika ngakunye, phatha insimbi ngotshwala.
4. Shisa amanxeba nge-iodine noma ngohlaza okwesibhakabhaka ogqamile, isinamoni yomhlabathi, i-carbon esebenzayo
5. Gada isimo sesitshalo.
6. Uma ngemuva kwesikhashana uqaphela ukuvela kokubola okusha, bese uphinda inqubo yokuhlubula.

Intamo

Izimpawu zokubola: amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi, awe entanyeni yesiqu. Kunzima ukubona lesi sifo ngokubukeka, ngoba ukubola kwenzeka entanyeni uqobo.

Izimbangela:

• ukuthambisa kaningi;
• ukubethelwa kwezimpande isikhathi eside enhlabathini emanzi;
• izinga lokushisa elincane eliphansi.

Ukwelashwa:

1. Lungiselela insingo ebukhali bese ukhipha amagciwane.
2. Sinqume yonke ingxenye ebolile yentamo ibe izicubu eziphilayo.
3. Sihlanza izingcezu ngensingo.
4. Phatha inhlabathi bese utshala ngesisombululo esingu-0.2% sesidakamizwa i-Fundazol noma iTopsin. Thela ukulungiswa ngqo enxebeni lesitshalo.
5. Inqubo kufanele yenziwe okungenani kathathu ngekhefu lamaviki ama-2.
6. Sifaka ibhodwe endaweni yalo yasekuqaleni, silindele ukuvela kwengane eseceleni.

Ukuvimbela

Ngokokuqala ngqa ngemuva kokunqunywa isitho, qiniseka ukulandela izincomo ezilandelayo:

• Ukugcina ukushisa okunethezekile ehlobo: + 22-25 ° C, ebusika + 16-18 ° C. Umehluko wokwehluka kwamazinga okushisa akufanele weqe ku-5 ° C. Emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-25 ° C kanye nomswakama ophezulu, izifo zokukhunta ziyakhula, futhi emazingeni okushisa angaphansi kuka + 15 ° C - ibhaktheriya.
• Umswakama ebangeni lama-50-60%.
• Esontweni lokuqala, unganiseli, bese kuthi kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7-10, phakathi kwenhlabathi kufanele ome ngokuphelele.
• Qinisekisa ukususa amanzi amile kuma-axils amaqabunga ngemuva kokuchelela.
• Khipha ukusetshenziswa kwamalungiselelo amaminerali.
• Ukukhanyisa kuyadingeka kuhlukaniswe, hhayi okukhanyayo.
• Faka umoya ekamelweni njalo, kepha gcina umoya obandayo ukude ne-orchid.

Kubalulekile kubo bonke abathandi be-orchid ukuthi bakhumbule: isitshalo sivezwa izifo kuphela esimweni esibuthakathaka. Lapho imbali exotic inokuvikeleka okuhle, ayesabi lutho. Landela imithetho yokunakekelwa okuyisisekelo, lapho-ke akudingeki ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo eziphuthumayo.

Bukela ividiyo: DENPHAL ORCHID from Spike Until Bloom (Septhemba 2024).