Yini okufanele uyenze uma ama-azalea aba mnyama futhi amaqabunga awa?
I-Azalea (kusuka eLatin Azalea) ingeyehlobo lwe-Rhododendron futhi ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amabili: i-deciduous and evergreen.
Izwe lakubo lase-Azalea yiNgilandi. Izimo ezikahle kakhulu zokukhula kwalesi sitshalo ebusika, isikhathi sokuqhakaza se-azalea sithatha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezi-3.
Esihlokweni, sizobheka ngokuningiliziwe ukuthi yini ebangela ukuba amaqabunga abe mnyama futhi awe, ukuthi ungabhekana kanjani nalezi zizathu, futhi uthole nokuthi yikuphi ukunakekelwa okufanele kwe-azalea okufanele kube khona.
Izimbangela zokumnyama kwamahlamvu
Uphawu lokuqala lwesifo seqabunga e-azaleas ukuvela kwamabala amnyama ngemuva kwepuleti leqabunga, kwesinye isikhathi isiqu sonke sesitshalo.
Umbala wesici wamabala:
- nsundu;
- mpunga;
- mpunga omnyama;
- omnyama.
Amabala avela ngenxa yokunganakekelwa kahle kwezimbali, ukuthuthukiswa kwezifo ezahlukahlukene zegciwane, ukuvela kwezinhlobo ezithile zama-parasites.
Kungani amathiphu amaqabunga noma lonke ipuleti leqabunga liphenduka libe mnyama ku-rhododendron? Lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu eziningana:
Ebusweni babo kungahlala ama-thrips amnyama - inkathazo ecishe ingabonakali ngeso lenyama. Isinambuzane siphila ngaphakathi kwamaqabunga, lapho kuvela khona amabala amnyama. Ngasikhathi sinye, ingxenye ephezulu yamapuleti amaqabunga inombala ompunga. Amaqabunga athintekile ngale ndlela ayawa, ashiye isiqu sesitshalo sinqunu ngokuphelele.
- Ukwenza mnyama amaqabunga nesiqu se-azalea kungadala izifo i-fusarium... Kulokhu, ukuchelela okujwayelekile kuzosiza ekuqedeni konke ukungabaza - uma ngemuva kwaso lesi sitshalo siba mnyama ngokwengeziwe, khona-ke isizathu silele ngqo kulesi sifo.
- Esinye isizathu sokwenza mnyama kwamapuleti eshidi kungukuthi i-rhododendron mite, eshiya izindawo ezinesici ebusweni. Kulula ukuthola isilokazane esinjalo, ngoba ubukhulu baso buqala ngamamilimitha amathathu kuya kwayi-3,5.
Ukwenza mnyama kwamaqabunga e-azalea akuxhomekile kwisizini. Le nqubo ithonywe yizici ezilandelayo:
- ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo okungafanele (ukunisela ngokweqile);
- ukuvela kwezifo zefungal;
- izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane;
- imikhaza.
OKUBALULEKILE. Ukunakekelwa okungafanele kwe-azalea: ukusetshenziswa kwe-drainage esezingeni eliphansi, umswakama owedlulele we-substrate, ukushisa okuphansi noma okuphezulu kakhulu - konke lokhu kukhuthaza ukukhula kwezifo zefungal, okugcina kuholele ekwenzeni mnyama nokuwa kwamapuleti amaqabunga esitshalo esingaphakathi.
Thola ama-nuances amaningi ngalesi sifo nezinye izilonda zezitshalo, kanye nezizathu zokubonakala kwazo ezintweni zethu.
Yini okufanele uyenze ukuxazulula inkinga?
Uma amaqabunga ethinteka yi-black thrips, kufanele alashwe ngekhemikhali ekhethekile, isibonelo, i-karbofos emulsion eyenziwe ngomumo. Kulokhu, ukumnyama kungaba okuyingxenye, kumathiphu noma emaphethelweni wepuleti leshidi, noma kuqedelwe, ebusweni bonke beshidi.
Akunakwenzeka ukwelapha i-azalea evela kuFusarios ngesikhathi esedlule, ngakho-ke kuzofanela ususe isitshalo esilahlekile. Uma lesi sifo sitholakale zisencane, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-Fundazol. Ekulweni ne-rhododendron mite, ikhemikhali elisebenza kakhulu yi-diazinon.
Uma ama-parasites eba yimbangela yokumnyama nokuwa kwamaqabunga, okokuqala kubalulekile ukuwaqeda ngokuphelele, bese uvuselela isitshalo esikhululiwe. Okokuqala, zonke izimuncagazi zingasuswa ngemishini kusetshenziswa i-swab kakotini nesixazululo sensipho. Ukuze uthole umphumela omkhulu, awuzodinga ukucubungula hhayi kuphela imbali uqobo, kodwa futhi nendawo yonke ezungezile: ifreyimu yewindi, ingilazi kanye ne-sill window emi kuyo. Futhi ngemuva kwalokho kuphela, qala ukubuyisela isitshalo.
Ngemuva kokusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezahlukahlukene, udinga ukususa izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo. Kuyadingeka ukuthi kususwe wonke amaqabunga asalile ngaphandle kokuthinta amagatsha, noma ngabe abe nqunu ngokuphelele. Bese uhlola isimo sohlelo lwempande bese ufaka i-azalea enhlabathini entsha. Izinga lokushisa lomoya egumbini ngesikhathi sokululama kufanele libe cishe ngama-20 - 22̊ С.nokukhanyisa ngaphandle kokushiswa yilanga ngqo.
Ngemininingwane engaphezulu yokuthi ungavuselela kanjani i-azalea yasendlini efayo, bheka le ndatshana.
Ukuvimbela nokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwesitshalo
Ukuze i-azalea igcine ukubukeka kwayo okuhle isikhathi eside futhi ijabulise labo abayizungezile ngezimbali ezichumayo, kubalulekile ukuqapha ukushuba kokunisela kwayo kanye nokushisa kwamanzi. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi elifanele lokunisela liyafana nelangaphakathi endlini noma ifinyelela ku-1 kuya ku-2 degrees ephakeme. Amanzi anjalo amunca kalula uhlelo lwempande futhi alugcwalise ngezinto eziwusizo.
Amanzi okunisela kufanele athambile. Ngaphambi kokunisela, kufanele ibiliswe, ipholile bese kukhishwa phezulu. Isendlalelo samanzi esingezansi, lapho kunesilonda esinobungozi, sinqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukuselela. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kungakuhle ukuthi unisele i-azalea ngamanzi ane-acid kancane ngejusi kalamula. Inani loketshezi olunisela: amaconsi ama-3 kalamula kalamula ku-1 litre lamanzi afudumele.
Ngemuva kokuhlaselwa yisifo, umoya ozungeze isitshalo kufanele ube nomswakama kakhulu. Ukuze kwandiswe amasosha omzimba, i-azalea kufanele ifuthwe ngesisombululo esikhethekile esilungiselelwe kusuka kumuthi onomuthi. Ukunisela kwenziwa ngamanzi ane-asidi okungenani ama-3 - 6 amahlandla ngesonto.
Ngokuvikela izifo e-azaleas, kubalulekile ukubheka lezi zinto ezilandelayo:
- umfutho wokukhanya;
- umoya ionization nokunisela;
- igumbi lokushisa;
- isici somhlabathi;
- umquba womhlabathi;
- ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza.
I-Azalea kufanele igcinwe egumbini elikhanyayo noma elimnyamalapho kungekho khona ilanga eliqondile. Uzizwa engcono kakhulu kukho konke kuvulandi, ama-loggias, lapho izinga lokushisa lingehli ngaphansi kuka- + 5̊C, emafasiteleni asenyakatho nasentshonalanga.
Ukuchelela, kufanele usebenzise amanzi ancibilikile noma abilisiwe, ukugwema ukumiswa kuketshezi epanini lembiza. Izimo ezikahle kakhulu zokuboshwa zingaphezulu kuka-12-15̊С. Ukutshala i-azaleas, udinga ukusebenzisa inhlabathi ye-heather noma ingxube ye-peat, izinaliti zikaphayini nesihlabathi somfula.
Kuyadingeka ukufaka umquba ku-azalea ehlobo nasebusika. Ngenkathi efudumele, ungasebenzisa i-ammonium sulfate, futhi emakhazeni - i-superphosphate. Gcoba bese uthena lesi sitshalo - ngemuva kokuqhakaza, entwasahlobo. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, i-azalea kufanele icishwe futhi inqamule izinqubo ezibuthakathaka, ziphathe ngokucophelela izindawo ezisikiwe ngethuluzi elikhethekile.