I-anthurium ka-Andre ekhanyayo nenamaholide: incazelo nesithombe. Ukunakekelwa kwezitshalo ekhaya nangaphandle

U-Anthurium Andre - i-flower-holiday, i-flower-celebration, ebizwa nangokuthi i-anthurium "injabulo yabesilisa" ngokuma okungavamile kwe-inflorescence. Izinhlobo zalezi zinhlobo zitshalwe ngokukhethekile ezindlini zokugcina izithombo zokwenza izimbali kanye nokuhlelwa kwembali okungavamile.

Kulesi sihloko ungathola incazelo nesithombe sesitshalo, esifundeka ngesiLatin njenge-anthurium adrianum, futhi ungafunda ngezinhlobo (Red, Mix nabanye) kanye nemithetho yokuyinakekela ekhaya nasensimini evulekile.

Incazelo nezihloko zeBotanical

I-Anthurium Andre (i-Anthurium andreanum) - ihlale iluhlaza okotshani i-Anthurium (Anthurium) ingeyomndeni omningi we-aroid. Uhlobo lwe-Anthurium lunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-800. Isitshalo se-herbaceous sikhula njengembali yasemhlabeni kanye ne-epiphytic, singakhula sibe yimivini yamagatsha enamandla.

Inkomba! Ekuhumusheni kwezwi nezwi, igama lesitshalo lisho ukuthi "imbali" kanye "nomsila", okukhomba ukwakheka kwembali uqobo. Abantu babiza le mbali ngokuthi "injabulo yabesilisa", "imbali ye-flamingo".

Umlando wokwenzeka, incazelo yokubukeka kanye nokuma kwendawo yokuhlala

Isigaba sokuqala sohlobo lwe-Anthurium senziwa ngekhulu le-19. Isazi sezitshalo sase-Austria uHeinrich Schott. Kamuva ngekhulu lama-20. Isazi sezitshalo saseJalimane uGustav Engler uqoqe lezi zinhlobo ezaziwayo zaba izigaba eziyi-18. Ku-floriculture yanamuhla, kusetshenziswa isigaba sikaSchaeffer, esihlukanisa amaqembu ayi-19 abalulekile ohlobo lwe-Anthurium. Phakathi kwazo kukhona uhlobo olukhulu lwe-Anthurium Andre.

Izwe lomdabu lesitshalo libhekwa njengezindawo ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika, eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeColombia, e-Ecuador. Indawo yokuhlala yezinhlobo zemvelo ngamathafa asezintabeni anamatshe, izihlahla zehlathi ezishisayo, izindawo ezinamadwala.

U-Anthurium Andre (anthurium andrianum in lat.) Uyimbali enkulu impela. Ngokwemvelo, ingakhula ifike ku-1 - 1.5 m. Ekhaya, ubude bezitshalo bufinyelela ku-80 - 90 cm. Iziqu ziyizintambo, zakha izimpande ezincane zomoya. Amaqabunga makhulu, aluhlaza okotshani, acwebezelayo. Ubude bepuleti leqabunga lingu-20-30 cm, ububanzi buyi-10-12 cm.I-petioles yinde, iminyene, ifinyelela ku-20-30 cm.I-inflorescence iyindlebe ephuzi, efinyelela ku-10 cm ubude. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, izithelo eziyindilinga zakhiwa ku-cob, i-orange ngombala.

AmaBracts - isicwecwe sokulala esicwebezelayo, singaba sesikhumba, simise okwenhliziyo Ubuso besendlalelo sombhede bugcwele imithambo ebunjiwe. Umbala wengubo yombhede ubomvu ngokugqamile. Izinhlobo ezingaphansi zeHybrid zingaba nombala obomvana, omhlophe, ophuzi (sikhulume ngezinhlobonhlobo ezinezimbali ezimhlophe lapha, futhi safunda ngezinhlobo ezibomvana lapha). Izimbali zinde, zifika ezinyangeni ezi-6 - 8. Isitshalo siqhakaza ekupheleni kobusika, sihlala kuze kube sekwindla.

Ama-subspecies adumile we-Anthurium andreanum nezithombe zabo

UTurenza

Izinhlobo ezihlanganisiwe zeHybrid, ikhula ize ifike kuma-50 - 60 cm ukuphakama. Amaqabunga acwebezela, aminyene. Ihlukile emithanjeni eveziwe ebusweni obumnyama obumnyama bepuleti leqabunga. Umbhede wombala ubomvu ngokugqamile. Ikhula kahle ekhaya.

Okubomvu (Okubomvu)

Amaqabunga makhulu, acwebezelayo, aluhlaza okotshani. Amaqabunga amise okwenhliziyo. I-inflorescence iyindlebe enkulu, etholakala esembozweni sembali. Isendlalelo sikhulu, sicwebezele, sibomvu ngokujulile. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla sabantu abadala kungafika kuma-70 cm.

Sikhulume ngama-anthuriums abomvu kule ndatshana.

Umpetha

Ihlathi elihlangene, isitshalo sikhule size sifike ku-60 cm. Amahlamvu aluhlaza okotshani, makhulu. Ipuleti leshidi licwebezela. Izindlebe ziqonde futhi zingaba nombala opinki noma ophuzi. Ama-Bracts - okusabalala, kuye nge-subclass andraeanum, kungaba pink (Pink) nomhlophe (White).

Hlanganisa (Hlanganisa)

Ukwakha amamiksi weqembu anemibala esitsheni esisodwa (noma embhedeni owodwa), ungatshala izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-andre anthurium, ezihlukile ngomthunzi nosayizi wamaqabunga ne-bracts. Isibonelo, izendlalelo zemibhede ezintekenteke ze-anthurium ka-André Silenz zizolingana kahle ne-anthurium ebomvana ye-André Favorite. Izinhlobo ezibomvu ezikhanyayo, ezicebile ze-Otazu neBelize zizogcizelela kahle imibala emnyama emnyama yezinhlobo ze-Fiorino neBlack Queen (funda ngama-black anthuriums lapha, futhi izinhlobonhlobo ze-Black Prince (Black Queen) zichazwe kulokhu okubhaliwe).

Sikhulume ngezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-anthuriums lapha.

Ungasinakekela kanjani isitshalo sendlu ekhaya?

Ithempelesha

Izinga lokushisa lomoya elikhulu entwasahlobo nasehlobo lingama-22 - 25 ° C. Ekwindla, izinga lokushisa kufanele lehliswe lifike ku-18 ° C.

Ukunisela

Ehlobo, ukuchelela okuningi ngemithamo emincane kuyadingeka izikhathi ezi-2 - 3 ngesonto. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe manzi kancane entwasahlobo nasehlobo.

Okubalulekile! Ukuqedwa ngokuphelele kwe-substrate akwamukeleki.

Ekwindla, uhlelo lokunisela luyashintsha. Kwanele ukumanzisa umhlabathi kanye ezinsukwini eziyi-7 kuya kwezingu-10. Amanzi okunisela kufanele afudumele, aze afike ku-30 ​​° C. Faka amaconsi ambalwa kalamula kalamula neviniga emanzini. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuchelela, kufanele kudonswe amanzi amaningi; ukumanzisa izimpande kubangela ukuvela kokubola.

Ekushiseni, ukwandisa umswakama womoya, ukufafazwa kwamaqabunga kufanele kungezwe. Beka iziqukathi ezivulekile zamanzi eduze kwezimbiza zezimbali. Futhi, ukukhulisa umswakama, inhlabathi ebhodweni igcwele ubulembu obumanzi. Umswakama omkhulu womoya ungama-80 - 90%.

Shine

Ukukhanyisa kufanele kube okukhanyayo, kepha okude ngandlela thile, kuhlakazeke. Ukusha kuvela emaqabunga amakhulu avela elangeni eliqondile - amabala ansundu.

Kungakuhle ukhethe izingxenye ezisentshonalanga nasempumalanga yendlu. Kusukela elangeni elishisayo, amafasitela afakwe iphepha elimhlophe noma ikhethini elikhanyayo. Ukuhlelwa kwenyakatho kwemibala kudinga ukukhanya okwengeziwe ngamalambu akhethekile.

Ngenxa yokushoda kokukhanya, lesi sitshalo asenzi amafomu ezimbali.

Ukuncoma

Inhlabathi ejwayelekile yensimu ayilungele imbali eshisayo. Ingxube kufanele ibe nomsoco, i-acidified, i-friable, futhi ivunyelwe kahle. Ukutshala, ungasebenzisa ingxube eyenziwe ngomumo yama-orchid.

Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi yokubumba:

• I-Humus - 2 tsp
• Umhlaba onamagqabi (ongafakwanga) - 1 tsp
• Peat - 1 tsp
• Isihlabathi - 1 tsp
• Amapayipi amanzi.

Isendlalelo samanzi - izitini eziphukile, izingcezu zamalahle, ubulembu - i-sphagnum.

Okubalulekile! Ungangeza i-vermiculite kanye nezicucu ezincane zikaphayini wegxolo emhlabathini ukuze uphefumule.

Ukuthena

Ukuthena kuyadingeka ukuze imbali yabantu abadala ivuselele isihlahla. Inqubo yenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha.

Ukusika isikimu:

1. Iziqu eziseceleni ziyasikwa kanye nezimpande ukuze zisakazeke ngokwengeziwe.
2. Iziqongo zamahlumela kanye nezimpande zasemoyeni ziyavalwa ukuze zisakazwe.
3. Ngokuqhakaza isikhathi eside, ama-buds abunjiwe ayanqunywa.

Umboko omaphakathi awunqunyiwe ngezimpande.

Ngemuva kokuthena, ukuchelela kufanele kube uhhafukuze kube yilapho kwakhiwa ama-rosettes amasha amaqabunga.

Siphakamisa ukuthi ubuke ividiyo mayelana nokuvuselelwa kwesihlahla se-Andre Anthurium:

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Lesi sitshalo kufanele sivundiswe entwasahlobo nasehlobo kanye njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kufanele wondle izimbali nge-urea noma nge-ammonium nitrate. Umanyolo we-nitrogen ukhuthaza ukukhula kwamaqabunga neziqu.

Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kwamaqabunga kanye nesikhathi sonke sokuqhakaza, kufanele kusetshenziswe umanyolo wezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi, okubandakanya umkhondo wezakhi ze-zinc, i-potassium, i-magnesium, i-iron. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise umanyolo owenziwe ngomumo wezitshalo eziqhakazayo kanye nama-orchid.

Ukunakwa! Ekwakhiweni kwama-inflorescence, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukugqoka okuphezulu unyaka wonke, ngokucophelela kugcinwe umbuso namanani omanyolo.

Imbiza

Amandla wokufakelwa akhethwe ngokuya ngosayizi wempande. U-Anthurium Andre akaqhakazi ezitsheni ezinkulu kakhulu. Ibhodwe kufanele lihlangane, hhayi ukujula kakhulu.

Kubalulekile ukuthi izimbobo zokuhambisa amanzi zenziwe ezansi ebhodweni zokungena komoya nokuphuma kwamanzi ngemuva kokuniselwa.

Dlulisa

Izimbali ezincane zidinga ukutshalwa kabusha ngonyaka. Izihlahla zabantu abadala zitshalwa kanye njalo eminyakeni emi-2-3 ukuvuselelwa. Ukufakelwa kabusha kwenziwa entwasahlobo.

Uhlelo lokufakelwa kabusha:

1. Isendlalelo se-mulch esiphezulu sisuswa ebhodweni.
2. Isihlahla sonke sikhishwa ngokucophelela.
3. Izimpande ezonakalisiwe neziqu ezomile ziyasikwa.
4. Usebenzisa indlela yokudlulisa, isihlahla sifakwa ebhodweni elisha ngendwangu yokuhambisa amanzi efinyelela ku-2 cm.
5. Impande ifafazwa nge-substrate entsha.
6. Ibhola lomhlaba lihlanganiswe kancane.
7. Kusuka ngenhla, ubuso buhlanganiswe ne-moss ne-peat.

Ubusika

Phakathi nezinyanga zasebusika, i-anthurium ka-Andre ingena esimweni sokulala. Ebusika, izimbiza zihanjiswa endaweni epholile, izinga lokushisa lomoya lingu-15 - 16 ° C.

Okubalulekile! Lesi sitshalo asiphathi kahle ekushintsheni okungazelelwe komoya wansuku zonke, okusalungiswa nokwehla kwezinga lokushisa kuya ku-10 ° C.

Inhlabathi iswakanyiswe ngokucophelela, into esemqoka ukuvimbela ikhoma lobumba ukuthi lome. Ungafafazi amaqabunga ebusika, uthuli emaqabunga lususwa ngendwangu emanzi kanye ngesonto... Ngalesi sikhathi, kubalulekile ukondla izimbali nge-potassium ne-sodium humate 1 isikhathi esisodwa emavikini amabili kuya kwamathathu ngokunisela.

Siphakamisa ukuthi ubuke ividiyo mayelana nokunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwalesi sitshalo:

Izici zokunakekelwa kwangaphandle

Ezindaweni ezipholile, i-Andre anthurium ayihlwanyelwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Ehlobo, amabhodwe angakhishwa ayiswe kuvulandi abavulekile.

Ngokuvamile, izimbali zitshalwa kakhulu ezindlini zokugcina izithombo nasezinkulisa ezikhethekile, lapho kudalwa khona izimo ezikhethekile eziseduze nesimo sezulu esishisayo.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

Imbewu

E-floriculture yasekhaya, le ndlela cishe ayisetshenzisiwe. Imbewu ingatholwa kuphela ngempova yokufakelwa. Ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kwembewu enesisombululo esibuthakathaka sama-manganese kuyadingeka ekuvimbeleni izifo.

Izithombo ezikhulayo zidinga izimo zokushisa, ukushisa komoya okungaguquki okungama-25 ° C.

Izithombo ziqhakaza eminyakeni eyi-4 - 5 kuphela emva kokuhlwanyela imbewu.

Ngu cuttings

Inqubo yokuqothula:

1. Ingxenye yesiqu enezimpande zasemoyeni ihlukaniswe nesihlahla sikanina.
2. Izingxenye ezihlutshiwe zitshalwe ezimbizeni ezincane ezihlukene ukuze kutholwe izimpande.
3. Amahlumela aphezulu anqunywa esihlahleni esidala.
4. Isiqu sihlukaniswe saba izingxenye eziningana, u-5 - 7 cm lilinye.
5. Iziqukathi ezibanzi ziyasetshenziswa.
6. Izisiki zingena zingene enhlabathini.
7. I-greenhouse imbozwe ucwecwe.
8. Ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele kwenzeka phakathi kwamasonto amathathu kuya kwamane.

Inkomba! Ukwehlukaniswa kwamahlumela we-lateral kanye nokuqothula kwe-cuttings kwenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Izifo nezinambuzane

• Ukulimala kwamaqabunga nge-anthracnose (emaphethelweni amaqabunga owomile) kulashwa ngokufafaza ngesisombululo se-foundationol.
• Isihlangu sikhishwa ngesandla. Iziqu zelashwa kuqala ngesisombululo sotshwala.
• Ukufafaza izihlahla ngamanzi anensipho kuzokhulula isibungu sesicabucabu. Kuyadingeka ukunisela imbali ngesisombululo se-actellic.
• Ukutheleleka kwe-Putrid kuvela emanzini amile nasemhlabathini omanzi. Kudinga ukuthenwa kwendle, ukutshalwa kabusha, ukushintshwa kwenhlabathi.
• Indawo yamahlamvu ansundu - ukuntuleka kukamanyolo.

Izimbali ezifanayo

• Spathiphyllum Cupido. Ukuphakama kwembali cishe kuyisigamu semitha. Amaqabunga makhulu, aluhlaza okotshani. Isendlalelo sombhede sibanzi, sikhombe, simhlophe ngokukhanyayo.
• I-Spathiphyllum Picasso. Ukuphakama kwesihlahla kungafika kumasentimitha angama-40. Amaqabunga made, acwebezelayo, acijile. Isendlalelo sombhede sikhulu, sihluka ngombala.
• Alokazia Klobuchkovaya. Amaqabunga aminyene, abanzi. Ikhava iyinyama, indlebe inobude obuphakathi nendawo.
• ICalla Swamp. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani, amise okwenhliziyo, abushelelezi. Indlebe iyindilinga. Ingubo yombhede iyisicaba, imhlophe.
• UCalla Elliott. Ihlukahluka ngezimbali eziningi. Ingubo yombhede iphuzi ngokugqamile, yinde. Amaqabunga aluhlaza okotshani obumhlophe.

Ukuze ukhule isihlahla se-Andre anthurium esinempilo nesicebile, ukuze uzuze ukuqhakaza okukhanyayo, kufanele unamathele ngokuqinile emithethweni yokunakekelwa, ugcine umbuso wokudla bese wenza ukuvuselelwa kwesitshalo ngesikhathi esifanele.

Bukela ividiyo: How to Grow an Anthurium. Anthurium Plants Care (Septhemba 2024).