Isimangaliso esivelayo efasiteleni lakho - i-ailoster cactus. Incazelo, izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya nangaphandle

Phakathi kwezimbali ezinomsoco kanye ne-cacti, i-Ailostera ine-bushiness eqinile, ukukhuthazela nokuhlobisa okuphezulu.

I-cactus eyingqayizivele, yokwenza izimbali okwenziwa umzamo omncane, inqoba abalimi bezimbali ngokungathobeki kwayo.

Ngokuqhubekayo esihlokweni sizokutshela ngomlando wokuvela kwalesi sitshalo, ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ezikhona, kanye nemithetho yokunakekela i-cactus kanye nezifo nezinambuzane zayo.

I-Aylostera - i-cactus ene-flower wreath

I-Aylostera evela ku-Greek aylosis - ipayipi, i-stereosis - eqinile. Sekuyiminyaka eminingi, izazi zezitshalo zilokhu ziphikisana ngokuhlanganisa i-ailostera ne-rebutia kuhlobo olulodwa (funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo nezici zokunakekelwa kwe-rebutia lapha). Umlimi we-novice cactus ngeke athole umehluko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ze-cacti.

I-cactus eqhakaza kahle ivelela amandla ayo aphezulu okwenza izingane, akhule, futhi ahlale ehlathini. Izinkanyezi zomhlaba ezinesimo esihle esiyindilinga, ezingaphansi. Kwesinye isikhathi ungathola ukwakheka okuyindilinga. I-Ailoster ayikhuli ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-10, imvamisa ingu-6-7 cm, Ububanzi obungabi ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayisi-6. Izimbambo eziphansi zibonakaliswe buthakathaka, ezingekho ngaphansi kuka-11, ezinama-protuberances amancane ahlelwe ngumoya.

Izinsipho eziningi ezincanyana, ezingajwayelekile, ezinhlanu kuya kwezingu-30 mm ubude. Ku-areola eyodwa kunameva afinyelela ku-30, okwenza i-cactus fluffy (ungabona izithombe zamanye ama-cacti aluhlaza, futhi uthole amagama awo nezici zokutshala, lapha). Izimbali zibekwa esitshalweni endandeni efana nomqhele. Izimbali, ezifika ku-4-5 cm ububanzi. Umbala wemvelo ubomvu noma owolintshi, akuvamile ukuba mhlophe (sikhulume ngezinye izinhlobo ze-cacti ezinemiqolo ebomvu noma izimbali lapha). Izinhlobo ze-hybrid ezinezimbali ze-lilac, eziphuzi, ze-lilac ziye zafuywa.

Izwe lakubo - izindawo ezinezintaba:

• I-Argentina;
• IPeru;
• IBolivia.

ICacti ikhula ngaphansi kwezihlahlana ezincane emithambekeni emikhulu, ebangeni elingamamitha ayizi-2,5 kuya kwezingama-3.5, esimweni sezulu esibi. ERussia, ikhula njengesitshalo sendlu, esibonakala ngokukhula kancane.

Umlando wemvelaphi

U-Ayloster noRebutia, ngokubukeka kwabo okungajwayelekile, badonse ukunaka kwamakholoni aseMelika. Ngekhulu le-16, baletha i-cacti eYurophu njengezitshalo zokuhlobisa.

Iqoqo lokuqala lezimbali ze-cacti engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-16 laqoqwa usokhemisi uMorgan eLondon. Ukuthandwa kwezitshalo kukhule ngenxa yezici zebhayoloji - ukungathobeki ekuniseleni, umoya owomile, nezimbali ezinhle. I-Aylostera yayiyinhle ngoba ehlobo izimbiza ze-cactus zaziphonswa engadini.

ERussia, amaqoqo angasese alahleka ngemuva koguquko luka-1917, wasinda kuphela ezingadini zezitshalo zaseMoscow nasePetrograd. Ukulima kweCactus kwaphinda kwathandwa eminyakeni yama-50s yekhulu elidlule.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezidumile

Imisipha (Muscula)

I-cactus encane enezinsipho ezincane ezikhanyayo, okuthi, njengoba zihlwanyela, zakhe izihlahla ezivela kumahlumela (funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobonhlobo futhi ukhulise i-cacti encane kakhulu ekhaya lapha). Izimbali ezikhanyayo zibukeka ziphikisana nesembozo esimhlophe esimhlophe sezinaliti.

UDeminuta

Ekuqaleni kusuka ezifundeni ezisenyakatho ye-Argentina. Ibhola lifinyelela kusayizi ngobude nangobubanzi - amasentimitha ayi-6. Isiqu sombala oluhlaza okotshani omnyama sinezinsipho zokukhanya ezifika ku-12 ubude obungu-7 mm. Izimbali zemibala ebomvu-orange, 3 cm ngosayizi.

Heliosa

I-cactus ekhangayo, iqhakaza eminyakeni engu-2-3 ubudala... Izimbali kushubhu elide zikhula zifike ku-4,5 cm.Izimbali eziningi ezi-orenji ezikhanyayo zivuleka ngasikhathi sinye ngezicucu eziningana. Imvamisa isiqu esincane asibonakali ngenxa yokuqhakaza okuluhlaza.

UKupperiana

Ibhola eliluhlaza okomnyama elinamashubhu amancane phakathi kwezimbambo. Zinezinhlobonhlobo ezincane ezingafika kuma-20 ubude obungamasentimitha amabili.Izinsika eziphakathi nendawo zinsundu, imithambo yomsakazo inethiphu emnyama. Izimbali zibomvu-orange ngombala oluhlaza. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuJulayi.

I-Hoffman (Hoffmanii)

Olunye uhlobo olungajwayelekile kakhulu, lunezinaliti ezinombala okhanyayo ezihlanganisa isiqu ngokuqinile. Izimbali zinombala o-orenji okhanyayo namacembe amancane afana ne-chamomile.

I-Fibrigi (Fiebrigi)

Izwe lakubo yiBolivia. Isiqu esiyindilinga, kwesinye isikhathi side, sicwebezele, size sifike ku-6 cm ukuphakama... Imithambo yemisipha emhlophe imhlophe, imiqolo emaphakathi imsundu. Esinqunjini kunezinhlayiya ezingafika ku-40 ubude obuyi-1 cm. Maphakathi kunezinaliti ezine ubude obungu-2 cm.Izimbali zibomvu-orange, ishubhu libomvu-violet, limbozwe ama-bristles amahle. Isikhathi sasehlobo yisikhathi sokuqhakaza okukhulu.

Pseudodeminuta

Iziqu ezinde eziluhlaza zinezinsipho eziyishumi ezinengilazi noma ezimhlophe kusuka ku-7 kuye ku-10 mm ngenqwaba. Esikhungweni kunezinsipho ezintathu ezifika ku-13 mm, ezinsundu noma eziphuzi. Imbali engu-5 cm ububanzi, i-burgundy ebomvu.

Spegazziniana

Ikhula e-Argentina (Salta, 2500 m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle). Isiqu esiyindilinga esinobubanzi obungu-4 nokuphakama kwamasentimitha ayi-6. Sihlukaniswa ngezixuku ezinkulu zemithambo ekhanyayo e-radial nombala oluhlaza okhanyayo. Kungase kungabikho mithambo emaphakathi noma u-5-6 wazo. Izimbali zinkulu, ziyakhanya, zibomvu ngokubomvu ngezitini.

Pseudominima

Cishe izinaliti eziwu-15 ezisabalalayo zihlangene ngesiqu esiyindilinga. Ngokukhula, izinaliti zishintsha umbala kusuka ophuzi ube mhlophe... Izimbali ziwolintshi futhi zimaphakathi ngosayizi.

Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya

Akukho lutho olunzima ekukhuliseni i-Isoster. Lezi yizinhlobo zezintaba ze-cactus ezidinga ukunakekelwa okuncane. Okufanele kunakekelwe ubusika obupholile. Ukukhula nokuba muhle unyaka nonyaka, i-cacti ikhombisa ukungathobeki kwabo.

Umbuso wethempelesha

Lesi sitshalo sizwa sikhulu ekushiseni kwehlobo kuze kufike kuma-degree angama-35, kepha ebusika sidinga ukupholisa. Kwi-cacti, ibanga lokushisa elilungile lisukela kuma-degree ayi-6 kuye kwayi-12.

Lapho uthenga isitshalo sengadi yangaphakathi yezimbali, kungakuhle ukuthi ucacise ukushisa okukhulu, ngokuya ngemikhuba yesitshalo. Kwesinye isikhathi izinhlobo ezintsha zezimbali zikhetha ubusika ngama-degree ama-5.

Umswakama womoya nokunisela

Njenganoma iyiphi i-cacti, ama-ailosters adinga ukuchelela ngokucophelela. Abathandi umswakama owedlulele., kepha ukubekezelela kalula ukungena kwamanzi okungajwayelekile, kudinga ukuvikelwa ekungeneni kwamanzi esiqwini. Imvamisa yokuchelela kufanele incike emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni nasezingeni lapho inhlabathi yoma khona.

• Imvamisa efanelekile ukunisela okungu-1 njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-7. Uma isitshalo sisefasiteleni elishisayo noma kukhona ukushisa okunamandla, sinisele kaningi.
• Ebusika, imvamisa yokuchelela inqunywa izinga lokushisa. Umswakama wehliswa waba ubuncane, ngisho nasekamelweni lokushisa. Uma ubusika bufudumele futhi kunezingane ezingaphansi kuka-3 cm, ukunisela akuvamile futhi akukuningi.
• Ngesikhathi sokubanda okubandayo, ukuchelela kukhanseliwe, kukhawulwe ngamaconsi ambalwa ukuxhasa umsebenzi obalulekile wezinhlobo ezincane kakhulu.
• Ukushintshela esikhathini esomile sasebusika kuqala maphakathi no-Septhemba futhi kubuyela ekuniseleni ngo-Ephreli-Meyi.

Awukwazi ukwenza inguquko ebukhali kusuka enkathini elele kuze kube ukuchelela okuningi futhi okuphambene nalokho. Umthamo wamanzi kanye nenani lokunisela liyakhuphuka futhi lehle kancane kancane, ngaphandle kokugxuma, okuvumela isitshalo ukuthi sivumelane kancane nesimo esisha.

Ukuchelela, sebenzisa amanzi afudumele, ahleliwe, ekamelweni lokushisa. Akuthandeki ukusebenzisa amanzi anzima ukunisela.

I-Aylostera iyabekezelela umswakama, kepha awudingi ukugcina isitshalo sisendaweni ephezulu yomswakama nesifutho. Ukususa uthuli ku-cactus, kungcono ukusebenzisa ibhulashi noma ibhulashi.

Ukukhanyisa

Ngokungafani nenye i-cacti, ayesabi ukukhanya kwelanga futhi ithanda ilanga esikhundleni somthunzi. Lapho ukhetha i-sill yefasitela yezimbali ze-cacti, ziyama ezindaweni eziseningizimu. Ukufiphaza okubuthakathaka akwamukelekile ngobuhle obuzayo.

I-Substrate

Akunzima ukuthola inhlabathi efanelekayo yokutshala i-Aylostera. I-Cacti idinga i-substrate ekhethekile noma ingxube enomsoco ekhanyayo, enomswakama.

Nge-cacti yezimbali, kunconywa inhlanganisela yezingxenye ezilinganayo zesihlabathi, iqabunga nenhlabathi yesoyi.

Ukuthena

Uma i-cactus ingathokozi ngokuqhakaza kwezimbali, ithole ukwakheka oku-ome njengeqanda, iyekile ukujabulisa ukubukeka kwayo noma ukubuna kwayo, lapho-ke ungazama ukuyivuselela ngokuthena.

Isimiso sokuthena:

1. Sika phezulu kusuka ku-cactus endala.
2. Cijisa ukusika ngensingo ebukhali, ngokwesimiso sokucija ipensela.
3. Isikhonkwane esicijile kufanele sibe ngu-1.5-2 cm.Isilinganiso sokusika-ukutshala kufanele sibe ngu-1 kuye ku-3.
4. Yoma isonto lonke. Ngaphandle kwamanzi nenhlabathi, i-cactus ngeke ife. Ukomisa kuyisidingo sokuqhubeka nokuqothula ngempumelelo.
5. Lapho usika kahle, ingxenye ekhonjiwe izobuyisela emuva imiphetho.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Umanyolo uzosiza i-cacti ngesikhathi sokukhula. Kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe ukwakheka okuyinkimbinkimbi kwamaminerali ama-succulents kanye ne-cacti anokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-nitrogen.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu kwenziwa kanye ngenyanga. Ngesikhathi sokulala, ukuvundiswa kwenhlabathi kumiswa kuze kube sentwasahlobo.

Ukukhethwa kwebhodwe

Isitsha se-cactus kufanele silingane nosayizi we-cactus... Uma izimbobo zokukhipha amanzi ebhodweni zinkulu futhi nenhlabathi iyathululwa, khona-ke amanzi abekwa phansi:

• ubumba olunwetshiwe;
• I-Styrofoam;
• amatshe.

Ukuze uthole isitshalo esinezimpande ezinwabuzelayo, khetha isidlo esibanzi, esiyisicaba. Beka amabhodwe kuma-pallet uma kunesidingo.

Dlulisa

Ukufakelwa kwenziwa kahle kakhulu ngoMashi, ukuze isitshalo siguquke ngaphambi kokuqala ukunakekelwa unomphela.

Ama-nuances wokufakelwa:

• Ukufakelwa kabusha kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokuqala kokukhula, ngemuva kokuqhakaza.
• Izitshalo ezincane zitshalwa kanye ngonyaka, abantu abadala - kanye njalo eminyakeni engu-3-4.
• Isimo esikhulu umhlabathi owomile, ongamanziswa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7.
• Isitshalo esitshalwe kabusha sibekwa emthunzini.

Ubusika

Ukugcina izinga lokushisa ebusika yisimo esiyinhloko sokuqhakaza. Ngaphandle kobusika obubandayo, i-cactus ngeke iqhakaze, kepha izokujabulisa ngezinga lokukhula kwayo nokubukeka kwayo okukhangayo. Ngesikhathi sokulala ebusika, lesi sitshalo sithanda umoya omusha nokushaywa umoya kaningi, ngaphandle kwalapho senqaba ukuqhakaza.

Ukunakekelwa kwangaphandle

Kutshalwe endaweni evulekile kuye ngesimo sezulu, umhlabathi umbozwe ngamatshe amancane ukuze imvula ingagugisi umhlabathi bese ifafaza iziqu. Ukunakekela kwehlela ukuchelela nokususa ukhula. Ekwindla, lapho izinga lokushisa lehlela ku- +7 degrees, sekuyisikhathi sokuhambisa i-cacti ngaphakathi.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

I-cactus isakazwa ngezindlela ezimbili: ngezimbewu nezinqubo zokubambelela.

Indlela yokuqala iyasebenza, kepha iyathakazelisa, isetshenziswe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo:

1. lungiselela i-substrate;
2. ukubulala amagciwane nokumisa imbewu;
3. imbewu ihlwanyelwe ezitsheni, inikeze ukufinyelela komoya ukuze kuhlume ngokushesha;
4. nisela umhlabathi ngesibhamu sokufafaza;
5. gcina izinga lokushisa lama-15-20 degrees;
6. amahlumela achanyuselwe angena kwezinye iziqukathi;
7. emva konyaka, izitshalo zitshalwa kabusha endaweni ehlala njalo.

Indlela yesibili ilula kakhulu:

1. izinqubo zehlukaniswa ne-cactus;
2. yomile ngolunye usuku;
3. ibangelwa isihlabathi esinezinzalo.

Ukuqhakaza

Ishubhu lembali limbozwe izinwele kusuka ku-orange kuya kobomvu ngokugqamile. Imbali ububanzi bufinyelela ku-3-5 cm.

Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, ukuqhakaza kwe-ailoster kuqala:

• Inqubo yezimbali ithatha kusukela ngo-Ephreli kuya kuJulayi, ezinye izinhlobo ziyaqhakaza ekwindla.
• Izimbali zicwebezela ngokugqamile, zivuleka kuphela lapho sezulu licacile, zivaleke ebusuku, ziqhakaza okungenani izinsuku ezingama-2-4 futhi zijabule nge-stamens ephuzi elikhanyayo.
• Ziningi - kungaba nezimbali ezingaphezu kwekhulu esitshalweni esidala.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma amahlumela engabonakali?

1. Ngokuqhakaza okuluhlaza, i-Ailoster kumele ikhule ebhodweni eliminyene - lokhu kukhuthaza ukukhula kwamafiqubu.
2. Kudinga ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi.
3. Ukulala ubusika kuyadingeka ngamazinga okushisa afinyelela kuma-degree ayi-10 futhi akukho ukuchelela.
4. Ukungenisa umoya okuqhubekayo nomoya ohlanzekile kuyadingeka.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Ama-ailosters aqhakaza kakhulu abhekwa njengamelana nezinambuzane. Okuhlukile yisicabucabu, esifanele izimo zezitshalo. Kepha lesi simo asivamile. Lapho izinambuzane zivela, udinga ukuphatha izitshalo ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka sesibulala-zinambuzane.

Izinkinga ezikhulayo

• Ukulahleka kwesimo esiyindilinga nokunwebeka kwesiqu ezimeni ezingekho kahle zokukhanya.
• Ukumisa ukukhula ngenxa yokushoda kokudla noma ukufakelwa kabusha isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka owodwa.
• Amabala ansundu eduze kwesiqu esivela emanzini nelanga eliqondile.
• Ukuncipha kwesitshalo ngokunisela okuningi ebusika.

Izitshalo ezifanayo

1. I-Astrophytum - Iziqu eziluhlaza okotshani okuluhlaza okotshani, okuyindilinga noma okuyindilinga, kukhula kusuka kumasentimitha ayi-8 kuye kwangama-40, kwesinye isikhathi kuze kufike kumitha elilodwa. Zikhula zodwa, kuyaqabukela zenze izinqubo ezintsha. Iqhakaza ngezimbali ezinkulu ezimise okwefaneli.
2. I-Brazilicactus - ikhula eBrazil. Inesiqu esiyindilinga esifinyelela ku-10 cm ububanzi, sinomqhele oyisicaba. Kuyaqabukela kuhlume. Izimbali ezi-orenji ezikhanyayo ezine-corolla ephindwe kabili zivela ngamanani amakhulu azungeze umqhele.
3. Mammillaria - Isiqu esiyindilinga esinemigqa yamaphepha. Izimbali ezincane ezifika ku-2 cm, emini. Ziqhakaza ngombala obomvana, omhlophe, ophuzi, ukhilimu nomhlophe-pink.
4. I-Echinopsis... Isimo esiyindilinga sesiqu sinwetshelwa kamuva, sinezimbambo ezibushelelezi, ezichazwe kahle. Izimbali zikhulu zize zifike ku-14 cm ububanzi, zimiswe okwefaneli ngombala omhlophe, opinki, owolintshi noma ophuzi (sikhulume kakhulu nge-cacti exotic enameva nezimbali ezibomvana ku-athikili ehlukile).
5. I-Notocactus - umdolofiya oseningizimu. Isiqu esiyindilinga esinezimbambo ezichazwe kahle nameva amaningi. Izimbali ezinobukhulu obuhlukile, ophuzi noma ophuzi-onsomi (ungafunda kabanzi ngezinhlobo ezidumile ze-notocactus lapha)

I-cactus ebukekayo ihlala futhi ijabulisa ukuqhakaza kusuka eminyakeni engu-7 kuye kwengu-10, kwesinye isikhathi inde. Ngisho nesiqalo ku-floriculture singakhula esinye sezitshalo ezinhle kakhulu nezimbali. Imbali ayijwayelekile futhi itholakala ezitolo eziningi zezimbali.

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