U-Graceful rose Mona Lisa - lonke ulwazi mayelana nembali

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Imbali kaRose. Yini esiyicabangayo lapho sisho leli gama? Ubuhle, umusa, iphunga elibucayi elikhuthaza futhi lijabulise ngamunye wethu.

Abafuyi bahambe ibanga elide lokuzama nokwenza amaphutha ukuletha lezi zimbali ezimangalisayo kulo mhlaba. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngezinhlobo zohlobo lwama-rose Lisa roses. Esihlokweni, uzofunda incazelo yale rose, uyibone esithombeni, futhi ufunde ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani futhi uyisakaze.

Incazelo nesithombe

Lokhu rose kungokwalolu chungechunge "Romance" futhi unyaka nonyaka kuya ngokuya kwanda. Ama-inflorescence ayefana nokuzinza nemvelo kuma-polyanthus, ngokuma kwezimbali afana nezimbali ze-hybrid tea. Izimbali zakhona zikhulu (kufika ku-9 cm) zinombala obomvu kanokusho obomvu, amahlumela amakhulu (kuze kufike ku-90 bp) amakhulu, kuma-inflorescence amancane kuze kube yizicucu ezi-5. Iphunga likhanya kakhulu, licashile. Isiqu sihlotshiswe ngamaqabunga amancane aluhlaza okotshani.

Izihlahla zifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-70 kuye kwangama-80. Izimbali eziphindaphindwayo: ziyaqhakaza kuze kufike ekwindla (ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba), cishe ngokuqhubekayo. Okungaziphathi kahle, ukumelana nesithwathwa (indawo yesihlanu yobusika obunzima kusuka ku -26⁰C kuye ku -29⁰C), ukumelana nezifo (indawo emnyama, isikhutha se-powdery), ukumelana okuphakathi nemvula. Uklonyeliswe ngomklomelo we-ADR, iMedali Yesiliva Yomncintiswano weMonza.

Bona ukuthi le mbali ibukeka kanjani esithombeni.

Umlando wemvelaphi

Umndeni wakwa-floribunda utholwe ngokuwela i-hybrid-polyanthus roses ngetiye le-hybrid namanye amaqembu engadi. "UFloibunda" ngokwezwi nezwi lisho "ukuqhakaza okukhulu".

Izinhlobonhlobo uqobo lwazo, uMona Lisa, zintsha impela selokhu zatholwa ngo-2007 yinkampani yaseFrance iMeilland International.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo nezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-Floribunda roses lapha, futhi kulesi sihloko uzofunda imithetho yokunakekela nokukhulisa i-rose yale mbali.

Umehluko kwezinye izinhlobo

I-Mona Lisa roses ihlukile kwezinye izinhlobo ngobunzima bayo obusika obumangalisayo, ukumelana nezifo kanye nezimbali ezinde.

Ukuqhakaza

I-Roses iqhakaza kusuka ngoJuni kuya ku-Okthoba, imbali ngayinye iqoqwa ku-inflorescence, ku-peduncle eyodwa kungaba nezimbali ezifika ku-5 ngasikhathi sinye.

Ukunakekela ngaphambi nangemva kwalokho

Ukuze izimbali zikujabulise ngezimbali zazo ezimangalisayo isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka,:

ukuthambisa okuvamile nokuningi;
ukondliwa ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka (ukushintshaniswa kokungcola kwamaminerali nezinto eziphilayo);
ukuxegisa nokugoqa inhlabathi;
ukuthena.

Ngasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ungangeza umquba nomquba enhlabathini, ngakho-ke isihlahla sizothola umsoco owengeziwe.

Lapho kuqala ubusika, ama-roses adinga ukuvikelwa. Ngaphandle kokuzithoba kwabo, badinga ukumbozwa:

usike izihlahla phakathi;
susa amaqabunga asele;
gxuma umhlaba;
ukumboza ngamaqabunga e-oki, amagatsha e-spruce.

Ikhava yakho yeqhwa isilungile.

Kuthiwani uma ingaqhakazi?

Wonke umuntu angahle abhekane neqiniso lokuthi lezi zinhlobonhlobo zezimbali eziqhakazile ziyekile ukujabulisa iziqu zazo. Lokhu kubonisa ukunakekelwa okungafanele. Izizathu kungaba:

ukunqotshwa izifo zesikhunta ezivimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwezimbali;
inhlabathi engafanelekile (i-acidity yenhlabathi kufanele ibe ngu-6-7 pH);
isithwathwa esibi (isitshalo kufanele silungiselelwe ubusika ngaphambi kwesikhathi).

Ukunakwa! Gcina umbhede wezimbali lapho i-roses ikhula ihlanzekile, phatha umhlabathi otshanini obuvimbela umswakama ukungena.

Sebenzisa ekwakhiweni kwezwe

Kukhona indawo yalezi zimbali ezinhle kunoma iyiphi ingadi. I-rose ingaba isisekelo sengadi yezimbali, iguqule i-mixborder, isetshenziswe eqenjini noma ekutshalweni okukodwa. Lesi sitshalo silungele noma yisiphi isitayela se-landscape.

Imiyalo yokunakekelwa kwezinyathelo ngezinyathelo

Indawo

Impilo ye-rose incike kakhulu endaweni okutshalwa kuyo.... Kuyadingeka ukuthola indawo ekhanyisiwe lapho isitshalo singaba khona emthunzini lapho kushisa emini, lokhu kuzosiza ukugwema ukusha eduze namacembe. Futhi, ama-roses azobe ethokomele ekhoneni lapho kungekho khona okusalungiswa okungapheli.

Isikhathi

UFloribundas uthanda izinyanga ezifudumele. Inketho enhle kakhulu isukela maphakathi no-Ephreli kuya ngasekupheleni kukaMeyi. Kodwa-ke, uma uthatha isinqumo sokutshala izimbali ekwindla, kufanele uqale maphakathi noSepthemba, ngoba ngaphambi kokuqala kweqhwa bazoba nesikhathi sokumila. Isikhathi esinqunyiwe sokutshala maphakathi no-Okthoba.

Kufanele ube yini umhlabathi?

Inhlabathi ephefumulwayo ilungele ama-rose busheslapho isitshalo sizonikezwa khona umswakama nomoya owanele.

Ukwenza ukukhanya okunamandla okubumba i-chernozem, i-peat, i-compote, isihlabathi noma i-humus kufanele ingezwe kubo.

Uma inhlabathi ilula kakhulu, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukwengeza inhlabathi yobumba ngokufaka umhlaba wesoyi, umquba noma i-humus. Ukuphendula okuhle kwenhlabathi kune-asidi encane. Ukujula okuphelele kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba okungenani u-100 cm.

Ukufika

Sibhala izindlela ezaziwayo zokufika.

Ukukhula kusuka kumbewu

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthenga imbewu yekhwalithi... Zitshalwa emhlabathini ngokuhambisana nohlobo lokunakekelwa. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ukutshala okunjalo kuzonikeza ukuphuluza amaphesenti ayikhulu, imvamisa kutholakala amahlumela ambalwa kusuka epakethe.

Okubalulekile! Ekhaya, le ndlela ayisebenzi, ngoba kunzima ukugcina izici zezinhlobo zama roses.

Izidlwana

Ungayikhetha kanjani isithombo? Isithombo kufanele sibe namahlumela amathathu avuthiwe anamagxolo aqinile kanye nesistimu yezimpande ethuthukile enezimpande eziningi ezincane. Ububanzi bekhola lezimpande kufanele bulingane ngezansi nangaphezulu kwesiza sokufaka umuthi futhi akufanele budlule u-5-8 mm.

Indlela yokuqala... Ukufika kwenziwa ndawonye. Thela ingxube elungisiwe emgodini, bese wehlisa isithombo kuyo ibe ngamasentimitha ayi-8.Umuntu wesibili usakaza izimpande azigcwalise ngomxube wenhlabathi, ehlangana ngezandla zakhe. Ngemuva kwalokho, isithombo siyaniselwa kuze kube yilapho umswakama umuncwa ngokuphelele futhi umbozwe umhlaba, ushiye kuze kube sentwasahlobo. Lapho utshala, zama ukungalimazi amagxolo entanyeni nasezimpandeni zamathambo.
Indlela yesibili... Kuthelwa emgodini ibhakede lamanzi elinesibhebhe se-heteroauxin noma i-sodium humate. Bamba isithombo ngesandla esisodwa, usiphonse enkabeni yomgodi, ngesinye, ugcwalise kancane ingxube yenhlabathi. Hlanganisa inhlabathi ngezikhathi ezithile bese unyakazisa isitshalo. Ukunisela akudingeki kulokhu. Uma umhlabathi usudambile, phakamisa isithombo kancane ngokufaka inhlabathi bese usifaka ku-cm 15. Ngemuva kokuthi izithombo zidinga ukufakwa umthunzi, lokhu kuzothatha izinsuku eziyi-10-12.

Ithempelesha

URose Mona Lisa ubekezelela kahle ubusika baseRussia, ukumelana nesithwathwa kukuvumela ukuba kumelane namazinga okushisa aphansi aze afike ku -29⁰C.

Ukunisela

Noma yisiphi isitshalo sidinga amanzi... Khumbula ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi akufani ngezigaba zokukhula ezahlukene. Ngesikhathi sokuthuthuka okukhulu (ukuqhakaza, ukuvela kwamaqabunga) nangemva kokuqhakaza kokuqala, i-rose (amahlumela amasha) idinga ukuniselwa. Ungaziniseli izimbali lapho kushisa, fafaza, ungangeni emaqabungeni, amanzi ahleliwe avela ekuniseleni ngaphandle kombhobho oya phansi kwesihlahla.

Ukutheleleka kwamaqabunga amanzi ngezifo zefungal kwanda ebusuku.

Lapho kuqala ukwindla, kufanele uyeke ukuchelela... Isidingo somswakama sivela uma inhlabathi ingamanziswa imvula.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Umanyolo ohlanganisiwe nophilayo usetshenziselwa ukondla. Uyacelwa ukuthi uqaphele ukuthi i-floribunda iphendula kosawoti kusisombululo senhlabathi, yeka imithamo emikhulu yomanyolo.

Ngaphambi kokutshala ama-roses, inhlabathi kufanele ivundiswe ngobulongwe bezinkomo.... Igcwaliswa kusendlalelo esiphezulu, ifaka cishe i-kg nge-1m2 enhlabathini ekhanyayo, cishe uhhafu waleli nani - enhlabathini esindayo.

Ungavumeli izimpande zihlangane nomquba omusha, lokhu kuzoba nomthelela omubi esitshalweni.

Kusetshenziswa omanyolo kusuka onyakeni wesibili, lokhu kwenziwa njalo entwasahlobo nasehlobo.

Ukhula

Ukukhipha ukhula njalo kuzovikela ukuthi isitshalo singaboli izimpande.

Imbotshana

Ngaphambi kokumboza, inhlabathi imbozwe ngezinto ezikhethekile (amahlamvu, i-peat, i-hay noma umquba wakudala). Sebenzisa i-mulch noma i-flooring ukuze ugcine kahle. Sabalalisa ungqimba lwesivalo esingu-8 cm phakathi kwezihlahla zezimbali ngemuva kokuthena nokwelapha imibhede.

Ukuxega

Ama-rose bushes adinga inhlabathi evulekile ukuze ikhule futhi ikhule.lapho kungena khona umswakama, umoya nokushisa. Ukuxegisa kuzosiza ukonga amanzi okunisela nokunandisa. Ukucubungula kwenziwa ekujuleni okungekho ngaphezu kuka-10 cm.

Ukuthena

Unyaka wokuqala

Ukuwa... Fushanisa iziqu, usike izimpande ezinesifo ngaphambi kokutshala.
Intwasahlobo... Fushanisa amahlumela amakhulu ngobude obungu-3-5 ukusuka phansi kwesihlahla.
Ukuwa... Gcoba iziqu eziyinhloko, amahlumela eziqhakazayo bese usika amahlumela angenazinsimbi.

Okwesibili

Intwasahlobo... Ephreli-Mashi. Gweba noma yiziphi iziqu ezifile kanye namahlumela agqagqene.
Ukuwa... Septhemba Okthoba. Gcoba amahlumela wezimbali neziqu eziyinhloko. Sika amahlumela angaqhakazi. Iminyaka eyalandela.
Intwasahlobo... Kuyadingeka ukususa izingxenye ezifile zezimbali, iziqu ezibuthakathaka namahlumela akhula ngaphakathi. Maphakathi esijiyile sehlathi kufanele kususwe iziqu ezindala.

Sebenzisa i-pruner ebukhali noma i-var var.

Dlulisa

Izisiki zikulungele lokhu. I-algorithm ilula:

usike amahlumela akhuni;
susa ameva namaqabunga;
phatha izigaba ngamalungiselelo akhethekile;
setha ukusika phakathi emigodini;
unamathele esikhaleni esingu-20-30 cm;
amboze nge ucwecwe kuze ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele;
nisela, nikeza izithombo umoya, futhi uthukulule umhlabathi.

Fihla amahlumela amancane ebusika, kuphela emva kwalokho amahlumela angatshalwa endaweni entsha.

Ukulungiselela ubusika

Ngaphambi kokukhosela, sika ama-roses bese ukhipha umhlabathi phansi kwesihlahla... Yakha uhlaka lwama-greenhouse arches, ama-slats, iphrofayli noma ucingo, kufanele lube ngaphezu kuka-20-30 cm ngaphezu kwezitshalo.I-insulation ibekwe phezu kwayo, ifilimu isuka phezulu, i-side vents ihlala.

Roses ngomoya ophansi ubekezelela isithwathwa esincane, ngakho-ke akufanele usheshe ukumboza.

Izinhlobo nezindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha

Izithelo

Sika ama-cuttings afinyelela ku-10 cm ubude, aze afike ku-0.7 cm ubukhulu, asuse amaqabunga nameva. Beka ku-phytohormone ukuze uthole ukhula lwenkohlakalo olungcono. Umgodi kufanele ube ngaphezu kuka-10 cm, nohlangothi olulodwa oluqondile, lapho ukusika kuyoncika khona. Kunconywe ukutshala ibanga 15-20 cm... Ngemuva kwalokho simboza lesi simiso ngefilimu bese siyisusa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze siyigcine (ukusakaza, ukuchelela, njll.). Ungakhohlwa ukususa ukhula, zizovimbela ukukhula kwezimbali.

Ama-cuttings alungiswa kusuka ezihlahleni ezincane, eziqinile.

Ukufufusa

Le ndlela iyinkimbinkimbi impela, kuncike kochwepheshe. I-scion ixhunyelelwa kumnikeli, inyonga yasendle evulekile, ziboshelwa inyanga eyodwa ukuze zingaphazamisi ukukhula. Izigaba zimbozwe nge-pitch yensimu... Ngemuva kwamasonto amabili, sihlola izinso, uma ziluhlaza futhi ziyavuvukala, konke kuhamba kahle, ngaphandle kwalokho umphumela awuphumelelanga.

Izifo nezinambuzane

Izinambuzane ezidume kakhulu: izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-aphid anemibala ebomvu noma ama-sawflies. Izibungu zesicabucabu nama-sawflies e-rosin aqothulwa yi-DDT, Isophene noma i-Akrex. Ama-aphid angasuswa ngesandla noma ngosizo lukaRogor nabanye.

Ukugqwala... Amabala abomvu o-orenji emaqabunga aphathwa ngamalungiselelo e-zinc.
Indawo emnyama... Amabala amnyama emaqabungeni axhumene. Ungasebenzisa ukumnika kwe-mullein, uma lokhu kungasizi, bese uyicubungula ngeKaptan.
Isikhunta se-Powdery... Amabala ansundu ngokubomvu ambozwe ukuqhakaza. Kufanele iphathwe nge-mullein infusion noma isebenzise ama-insecticide i-Benlat, Karatan.

Susa i-acidification yenhlabathi eduze nendawo yokutshala ukuze uvikele isitshalo kulesi sifo.

Izakhiwo ezimangalisayo, ukunakekelwa okulula nokubukeka okumangalisa kuzojabulisa noma yimuphi umthandi wemvelo. Le rose ilungele bobabili umlimi wensimu nochwepheshe weqiniso emkhakheni wabo. Ngenxa yokuqhakaza kwayo, uMona Lisa uzokujabulisa isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka.

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