Ama-radishes akhulayo kumakhasethi amaqanda: ubuhle nobubi, imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo nezinkinga ezingaba khona

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Isithombo singenye yemifino ethandwa kakhulu yokutshala phakathi kwabalimi be-amateur. Kepha, yize kunjalo, akuwona wonke umuntu ofuna ukuzibandakanya nokuhlwanyela lesi sitshalo ngenxa yenqubo enzima kakhulu. Ukwenza lula ubuchwepheshe bokutshalwa kwemifino, indlela efana nokukhula isithombo kumakhasethi iyasetshenziswa. Wonke umuntu ofuna ukuzenzela lula umsebenzi wokutshala leli siko kufanele ajwayelane nalo.

Iyini le ndlela?

Ukwenza lula ukuhlwanyela isithombo nokunakekelwa kwezitshalo, kusetshenziswa amakhasethi amaqanda. Ziyindlela ehlukile yamakhasethi akhethekile atholakala ezitolo zokulima. Amakhredithi amaqanda amakhadibhodi alula ukuwasebenzisa ngoba ama-radishes ahlwanyelwe esitokisini ngasinye, imbewu eyodwa, ekuvumela ukuthi uthole izitshalo ezinkulu zezimpande. Mayelana nokusebenziseka kalula, amakhasethi amakhadibhodi awekho neze ngaphansi kunalawo akhethekile, athengiwe.

Ubuhle nobubi bokukhula ngendlela yekhasethi

Izinzuzo zendlela yokukhulisa ama-radishi kuma-cassette amaqanda zimi kanje:

asikho isidingo sokuncipha kwemibhede;
ukutshala akudingi ukuvala futhi kukhulule umhlabathi;
asikho isidingo sokususa ukhula ezitshalweni, ngoba azivele zivele.

Ngokuqondene nobubi bale ndlela, zimbalwa zazo:

Amakhasethi athatha isikhala esiningi kokubili lapho etshala izitshalo ekhaya nasensimini evulekile.
Amathileyi amakhadibhodi entekenteke futhi awonakele kalula. Ngenxa yalokhu, ungalahlekelwa yingxenye yesivuno.

Kufanele uyikhethe nini le ndlela?

Basebenzisa le ndlela uma befuna ukwenza kube lula kubo umsebenzi wokutshala ama-radishes. Ungasebenzisa amakhasethi amaqanda kokubili ekhaya, endaweni eshisa ukushisa, nasensimini evulekile, ucabangela kuphela ezinye zezici zobuchwepheshe esimweni ngasinye (funda kabanzi mayelana nokukhula kwama-radish endaweni yokugcina izithombo lapha, nokuthi ungatshala nini futhi kanjani , Kuchazwe lapha).

Le ndlela ingasetshenziswa uma, ngokwesibonelo, kungekho cottage yasehlobo noma i-greenhouse. Amakhasethi amaqanda angabekwa kuvulandi noma efasiteleni efulethini.
Le ndlela ifanelekile uma kunesidingo sokonga isikhala lapho kutshalwa izitshalo eziningana ngasikhathi sinye endaweni yokugcina izithombo. Amakhasethi amaqanda angalungiswa kalula esigabeni esingenhla sokushisa okushisa kusetshenziswa amathuluzi atholakalayo.
Ezimweni zenkundla evulekile, le ndlela isetshenziselwe ukonga isikhathi nomzamo lapho unakekela izitshalo.

Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo yokukhula

Ukukhulisa ama-radishes ngale ndlela, uzodinga ukwenza i-algorithm ethile yezenzo futhi ulungiselele izinto ezidingekayo zomsebenzi.

Ukuthengwa kwembewu

Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuthenga imbewu esezingeni eliphakeme. Kuyafaneleka ukuthenga imbewu kubaphakeli abathembekile ezitolo ezikhethekile. Intengo eMoscow naseSt. Petersburg ngekhilogremu elilodwa lembewu yesithombo iyahlukahluka kusuka kuma-ruble aseRussia ayi-1100 kuye kwayi-3000.

Intengo incike ohlotsheni lwemifino. UKhadinali F1 uthathwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezibiza kakhulu; kuzodingeka ukhokhe ama-ruble ayi-3000 ngekhilogremu lembewu. Ngokutshala kwangasese, ungathenga imbewu ngamaphakeji. Isikhwama esisodwa sizokwanela ukugoma amakhasethi amaqanda angaba yishumi. Iphakethe elilodwa lesithombo, kuye ngezinhlobonhlobo zembewu, libiza kusuka kuma-ruble ama-5 kuye kwangama-300.

Uma ungafuni ukuthenga imbewu, ungasebenzisa imbewu evela kusayithi lakho ukuhlwanyela.

Ukufakwa okudingekayo

Ngaphambi kokuqala inqubo yokuhlwanyela imbewu kumakhasethi amakhadibhodi, kuzodingeka ukuthi ulungiselele uhlu lwezinto ezilandelayo:

ummese;
amagilavu;
inhlabathi (luhlobo luni lomhlabathi isithombo esithandayo?);
isiqukathi esinamanzi okunisela.

Icubungula amathreyi amaqanda ngaphambi kokutshala

Njengoba kunikezwe ukuthi amaqanda athathwa njengesithwali seSalmonella, esigcinwa kalula ezintweni zekhathoni kumakhasethi, amathileyi kufanele alungiswe kahle ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela ama-radishes. Lokhu kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili:

lungisa isixazululo se-potassium permanganate sombala opinki kancane bese usula kahle amathreyi amaqanda ngaphakathi nangaphandle;
sebulala amagciwane ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okuphezulu, isibonelo, faka amakhasethi amakhadibhodi kuhhavini imizuzu eyi-10-15 ezingeni lokushisa lama-70-100 degrees.

Ngaphezu kwezinyathelo zokubulala amagciwane, umgodi omncane onobubanzi obungu-0.5-0.7 cm uzodinga ukwenziwa esitokisini ngasinye.

Ukuze ungasebenzisi amagciwane ungasebenzisi isisombululo se-potassium permanganate kuphela, kodwa futhi nanoma yiziphi ezinye izindlela ezifanayo. Isibonelo, ungasebenzisa utshwala noma i-vodka.

Ukulungiselela imbewu

Yilezo mbewu eziqoqwe endaweni yazo kuphela ezidinga izinyathelo zokulungiselela ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela. Bazodinga ukwelashwa nge-Thiram, umuthi ovimbela ukubola kwezimpande. Uma imbewu ithengwe esitolo esikhethekile, khona-ke sekuphathwe ukwakheka okukhethekile, okungavimbi kuphela ukuvela kwezifo, kepha futhi kukhuthaza ukuhluma kwembewu kokuqala.

Izimbewu ezizenzele zona futhi zidinga ukucwiliswa kusisombululo esimpinki esincane se-potassium permanganate imizuzu eyi-15-20 ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa, bese somiswa. Lapho uhlwanyela kusetshenziswa kuphela imbewu eyomile, enempilo futhi enkulu.

Imininingwane engaphezulu yokulungiselela imbewu yesithombo ingatholakala kumthombo ohlukile.

Incazelo eningiliziwe yokufika

I-algorithm yezenzo lapho kuhlwanyelwa imbewu imi kanjena:

Amakhasethi amakhadibhodi agcwele inhlabathi cishe amakota amathathu wevolumu yamaseli.
Bese uqhubeka nokuhlwanyela ngqo kwembewu, uwele esitokisini ngasinye ngasinye.
Isigaba esilandelayo sifaka ukugcwalisa amaseli ngenhlabathi cishe phezulu, ukugcwalisa imbewu.
Into yokugcina okufanele uyenze ukunisela isivuno esihlwanyelwe. Amanzi kufanele athelwe ngokucophelela, ngokwehlukana esitokisini ngasinye.

Ukufakwa kwamanzi ezitshalweni akufanele kuvunyelwe ukuze imbewu ingaboli.

Inqubo yokuhlwanyela imbewu iyafana, ngaphandle kokuthola amakhasethi ngokuzayo, noma kunjalo, kunemikhakha ethile yenqubo:

Izindlu. Ukwakha i-microclimate kanye nokuhluma okusheshayo kwembewu, ungamboza amathileyi ngefilimu yokudla. Ngemuva kokuvela kwamahlumela okuqala, ifilimu iyasuswa. Udinga ukubeka amathileyi ngama-radishes ekhaya ohlangothini olunelanga efulethini, kuvulandi noma ewindini.
Esikhathini sokushisa... Uma ukutholakala kwamathileyi endaweni yokugcina izithombo kucatshangelwa kuyo yonke inkathi yokukhula kwesitshalo, khona-ke akukho zinyathelo ezingeziwe ezidingekayo. Ukuphela kwento okudingeka yenziwe kusengaphambili ukulungiselela indawo yokubeka amakhasethi.
Ngaphandle. Uma ama-radishes kufanele akhuliswe kumakhasethi ezimweni ezivulekile, lapho-ke isinyathelo sokuqala ukulungisa isiza. Kufanelekile ukukhetha izindawo ezinelanga engadini. Ngaphambi kokubeka amakhasethi nge-radishes, udinga ukumba indawo bese uyilinganisela usebenzisa i-rake. Kunconywa ukuthi ujulise amakhasethi ngqo amasentimitha ambalwa enhlabathini. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uvikele ngocingo izingcingo ukuze zingashaywa ngumoya.

Kungcono ukwenza umbhede wensimu nge-radishes emgqeni owodwa, ngoba kuzoba lula kakhulu ukuwunakekela.

Ama-nuances amaningi ngokutshala ama-radishes angatholakala encwadini ehlukile.

Ukunakekelwa kokuqala kwezitshalo ezincane

Imibhede yesithombo eyenziwe ngamakhadibhodi amaqanda wetrebhodi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Ukuphela kwento edingekayo ukunisela isivuno njalo. Ukunisela nini isithombo kunganqunywa yisimo senhlabathi. Umhlabathi akufanele uvunyelwe ukoma (kanjani nokuthi uzonisela kanjani isithombo?). Eminye imisebenzi engadingeka lapho kuhlwanyelwa ama-radishes ngendlela ejwayelekile ayidingeki.

Izinkinga ezingenzeka

Usebenzisa amathreyi amaqanda amakhadibhodi, ungahlangabezana nezinkinga ezinjengokonakala kwamakhasethi amakhadibhodi. Lokhu kungenzeka ikakhulukazi endle. Isibonelo, uma lina kakhulu futhi amakhasethi engamboziwe, khona-ke kungenzeka ukuthi amakhadibhodi avele abe manzi bese ewa.

Noma yimuphi umonakalo owenziwe ngomshini kumatreyi amakhadibhodi kuholela ekulahlekelweni okuncane kwesivuno. Inhlabathi lapho isithombo sikhula khona kufanele ithululwe kanye nesitshalo sezimpande. Esimweni esinjalo, ungafaka ngokucophelela imifino endaweni entsha futhi unethemba lokuthi izomila izimpande. Kepha kungcono ukuthi ungalimazi amakhasethi, futhi ezimweni ezingezinhle zemvelo, vala imibhede ngama-radishes.

Ukuvuna nokugcina

Isikhathi sokuvuna singanqunywa yizitshalo zezimpande ezivuthiwe. Zizoqala ukuvela ebusweni bomhlaba. Ukuvuna kulula kakhulu: udinga nje ukudonsa iziqongo zemifino bese ukhipha isivuno sezimpande esitokisini.

Ungagcina imifino yokudla esiqandisini izinyanga eziyi-1-1.5. Ngokugcina isikhathi eside ama-radishes ayanqunywa, aqandisiwe noma amasaladi alungiswa.

Ukukhula isithombo kumakhasethi kuyindlela elula futhi elula. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukubulala amagciwane nokulungisa amathreyi amakhadibhodi ngaphambi kokuwasebenzisa. Usebenzisa le ndlela, kufanelekile ukucacisa kusengaphambili indawo lapho isiko elihlwanyelwe lizoba khona.

Sikunikeza ukuthi ubuke ividiyo emayelana nama-nuances wokutshala kanye nama-radish akhulayo kumakhasethi amaqanda:

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