Ukubhida (indali) yokuqothuka - izigaba nezigaba zokuthengisa impahla yabantu abacwile ezikweletini nabakweletwayo + amapulatifomu kagesi we-TOP-5 wokuqothuka

Sawubona, bafundi abathandekayo bemagazini ye-Ideas for Life! Namuhla sizokhuluma ngezindali zokuqothuka, ukudayiswa kwempahla ephethwe ngabantu abacwile ezinkampanini nalabo abakweletayo, nokuthi iyini indali yokuqothuka nokuthi ungabamba iqhaza kanjani kuyo.

Ngendlela, ubonile ukuthi idola selivele lingakanani? Qala ukwenza imali ngomehluko wamanani wokushintshana lapha!

Kulesi sihloko, uzofunda:

• Kuyini ukubhida ngokubhanga - izici;
• Ungabhida kanjani nokuthi iyiphi indali yokuqothuka (amapulatifomu wokuhweba) akhona;
• Yini engathengiswa endalini nokuthi ungabamba iqhaza kanjani endalini kagesi;
• Ungayithenga kanjani impahla ngendali yokuqothuka;
• Uyenza kanjani imali ngokuthenga impahla ngendali;

Ekupheleni kwendatshana, uzothola izimpendulo zemibuzo ebuzwa njalo ngesihloko.

I-athikili izoba wusizo kulabo abafuna ukubamba iqhaza ezindalini zokuqothuka, kanye nalabo abanentshisekelo nje kulesi sihloko. Funda kabanzi ngokubhida kokuqothuka njengamanje!

Mayelana nokubhida kokuqothuka: kuyini nokuthi yiziphi izigaba / izigaba odinga ukudlula kuzo ukuze ubambe iqhaza ekubhideleni, iyiphi impahla yababhangi nabakweletwayo edayiswa endalini yokuqothuka - funda ngalokhu nokunye okuningi

1. Izici zokubhida ngokuqothuka - izikimu zokuthengisa impahla yababhangi nabakweletwayo ⚖

Isigaba esibalulekile enqubweni yokuqothuka ukuthengiswa (ukuthengiswa) kwempahla okungeyomuntu okweletayo. Usebenza njengesinye sezigaba zokugcina zenqubo.

Ukuthengiswa kwempahla kukuvumela ukuthi ngokwengxenye, futhi kwezinye izimo, wenelise ngokugcwele zonke izimangalo zabakweletayo.

Ukuthengiswa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezimpahla zababhangi nabakweletayo kungenziwa ngokuya ngamasu athile:

1. Endalini, okuqondwa njengezindali ezivulekile... Noma ngubani angabamba iqhaza endalini. Noma kunjalo, kukhona okuhlukile. Ukubamba iqhaza ezindalini ezivulekile kunqunyelwe uma impahla engenakho ukusakazwa kwamahhala, njengezikhali nobucwebe, kuthengiswa.
2. Lapho uthengisa impahla, elinenani (amasiko noma umlando), kanye nezikhumbuzo zamagugu amasiko nezomlando, sebenzisa imincintiswano... Ukuphepha kumele kuqinisekiswe ngesikhathi samathenda, kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ukufinyelela mahhala entweni ethengiswayo kufanele kuhlinzekwe.

Uma kwenzeka kunendali, onqobayo ungumhlanganyeli ngubani izonikela ngentengo ephezulu kakhulu. Owine lo mncintiswano, ngokuya ngesigaba 4 se-Article 447 se-Civil Code, ungumbambiqhaza oqinisekisa ukufeza imibandela yawo.

Ukuhweba ngempahla kwenziwa ngamapulatifomu kagesi. Ukubamba iqhaza kuzo kungaba njengoba ngokomzimbafuthi zomthetho ubuso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uqale ubhalise kusayithi okuzokwenziwa ngalo ukuqhudelana. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufakwa isicelo sokubamba iqhaza endalini kagesi.

Imithethonqubo lapho indali ibanjelwa khona ikhonjisiwe kuthebula elingezansi.

Isenzo esijwayelekile	Inombolo nendatshana	Yini elawulayo
I-Federal Law "Ekungakhokhi Imali (Ukuqothuka)"	Izindatshana ze-FZ-127 28, 110-111	Imithetho eyisisekelo yokubamba indali yokuthengisa impahla yabakweletwayo
Ukuhleleka koMnyango Wezokuthuthukiswa Komnotho	No. 54, eshicilelwe ngomhlaka 15.02.2010	Inqubo yokuthengiswa kwempahla ngokusebenzisa indali evulekile
Imithetho yesikhulumi sokuhweba se-elekthronikhi	—	Izici, kanye nemibandela yokuhweba esizeni esihlukile

2. Iyini indali yokuqothuka - incazelo kanye nencazelo yomqondo 📋

Indali yokuqothuka uhlelo lwamathenda okuthi kwenziwa ngekhompyutha... Kusetshenziswa indali ngenhloso ngokushesha ukuthengiswa kwempahla yomenzi wephutha, okuvumela okungenani ingxenye ukukhokha izibopho zakhe kwabakweletwayo.

Lapho wenza inqubo yokuqothuka, ukuthengiswa kwempahla kuyisigaba sokugcina. Icala lokuqothuka libizwa ngenye inqubo yokuqothuka.

Imisebenzi yokuhlola futhi ukuthengisa okulandelayo impahla okungeyomuntu okweletwayo iyasebenza ukuncintisana (ngaphandle kwalokho kubizwa nangokuthi ukulamula) umphathi... Imisebenzi yayo eyinhloko ukuhlela amathenda futhi kamuva, ekuziphatheni kwawo, ukuthola izimpahla zomuntu okweletwayo.

Isungulwe ngokomthetho isidingo, okuya ngokuthi indali leyo kumele yenziwe ngayo nge-elekthronikhi.

Noma ngubani ofisayo unelungelo lokubamba iqhaza ezindalini lapho kwenziwa ukuthengiswa kwempahla yomuntu okweletayo.

Abanye banesiqiniseko sokuthi izinto ezinhle kakhulu zithengwa ngezindleko eziphansi kakhulu ngabathengisi ngokwabo. Kodwa-ke, ukwahlulela okunjalo ngokuyisisekelo akulungile.

Isikimu sokuhlela ukuhweba ngogesi ngu okusobala ngokuphelele... Uma omunye wababambiqhaza esola ukuthi lowo osebenza ngokungakwazi ukukhokhela izikweletu wenza ngokungafanele imisebenzi, banelungelo lokufaka isikhalazo esifanayo.

Uma, ngesikhathi kuqhubeka inqubo, kutholakala imizamo yokukhwabanisa yomphathi, usatshiswa ngokuthi uzokwenza kanjalo inkathazo enkulu.

Kuze kube muva nje, impahla yezinhlangano kuphela ebithengiswa endalini.

Sibhale ngokuningiliziwe ngenqubo yokuqothuka kwebhizinisi elisemthethweni ku-athikili edlule.

Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokusebenza Okthoba 1, 2015 umthetho wokuqothuka kwabantu ngamunye ungathengiswa nempahla ephethwe ngabantu. Umthetho obhalwe ngegama ubeka inqubo yokubamba indali efanele.

Namuhla, ngenxa yokwehluleka ukukhokha izikweletu, abantu bangalahlekelwa ngokuthengisa endalini yabo izindawo zokuhlala, izimoto, izindlu zasehlobo, umhlaba futhi enye impahla.

Ngokuhlanganyela endalini enjalo, noma ngubani angathenga izinto eziqanjwe ngamagama ku- amanani aphansi kakhulu emakethe.

Ngemuva kokusebenza komthetho, abantu baya ngokuya bathathe isinqumo sokuzibiza njengabangenamali. Sibhale ukuthi singamemezela kanjani ukuqothuka kwabantu ngabanye kanye nosomabhizinisi ngabanye ku-athikili ehlukile.

Ngokuvamile bangabakweletwayo kwizimalimboleko ezahlukahlukene - ayifanele inani elikhulu, imali ebanjiswayo, imalimboleko yemoto.

Ngokuya ngomthetho omusha, yonke impahla yesakhamuzi esinjalo ingathengiswa ngesikhathi sendali ukuze kukhokhwe izibopho zayo.

Izinhlangano ezihamba ngezinqubo zokuqothuka zingazithola zikusimo esifanayo. Isibonelo, uma ngabe ukuqashiswa kwemoto kukhishelwe izinhlangano ezisemthethweni, inkampani eqashisayo, ngesisekelo sesivumelwano, inelungelo lokuthatha impahla, futhi kwezinye izimo izolinda kuze kuphele indali yokuthengiswa kwempahla yomuntu okweletayo ukuze ikhokhe ngaphansi kwezimo zokuqashisa.

Siphinde sabhala ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokuqedwa kanye nokuqothuka kwe-LLC endabeni ehlukile.

Yimiphi imibandela edingekayo ukuze ubambe iqhaza ezindalini

3. Imibandela yokubamba iqhaza endalini yokuqothuka 📑

Ukubamba iqhaza endalini yokuthengisa impahla yabakweletwayo, umfakisicelo kumele gcwalisa imibandela eminingi.

Isimo 1. Ukuhanjiswa kwesicelo sokubamba iqhaza endalini

Okokuqala, udinga faka isicelo sokubamba iqhaza endalini... Lo mbhalo ubhalwe kumafomu ajwayelekile. Amakhophi amabili wohlelo lokusebenza ayadingeka.

Ngemuva kokubhaliswa kwesicelo, isivumelwano sediphozi siyaphothulwa phakathi kwalowo obambe iqhaza kanye nomhleli wendali. Lo mbhalo unquma inani lemali elizodluliselwa ngumthengi ku-akhawunti yomhleli. Idiphozi isebenza njengesiqinisekiso umthengi ugcwalisa imibandela yendali, kufaka phakathi iqiniso lokuthi uma kuwina, into yendali izokhululwa.

Lapho idiphozi idlulisiwe, obambe iqhaza endalini kufanele anikeze umhleli i-oda lokukhokha elihambelanayo. Lo mbhalo udluliselwa koqobo, kuyilapho ukutholakala kophawu lwasebhange ekudlulisweni kuyadingeka. I-oda lokukhokha kumele lilethwe kungakadluli usuku lokugcina lokufakwa kwezicelo.

Isimo 2. Ukunqunywa kwentengo yokuqala yento

Intengo yokuqala yendaba yendali isethwe yikomidi noma umhlangano jikelele wababolekisi... Kulesi simo, inani lokushintshaniswa kwempahla elithengiswayo kufanele licatshangelwe. Kunqunywa ngokuya ngemiphumela equkethwe kumbiko wokuhlaziywa kwempahla. Ukuhlola okunjalo kufanele kwenziwe ngokuyalelwa ngumamukeli noma umphathiswa oqokwe ngokomthetho.

Intengo yokuqala yento ethengisiwe isethwe ngaphansi kwesilinganiso... Imvamisa, ukuqokwa kwayo kwenzeka ngehora lokugcina lokusebenza losuku olwandulela indali.

Ngakho-ke, inani eliphansi lesakhiwo linikezwa ngumlawuli walowo okweletayo ngokuya ngeSigaba 94 soMthetho Wokuqothuka.

Intengo yokugcina yokuthengisa yendawo inqunywa ngokuya ngemiphumela yendali.

Izigaba ezi-3 zokubhida ngokubhanga (okuyinhloko, okuphindiwe, esidlangalaleni)

4. Izigaba ezisemqoka zokubhida ngokuqothuka 📊

Inqubo yokubhida yokuqothuka ilawulwa ngokuqinile.

Kunezigaba ezi-3 (ezintathu) ezakha isisekelo sokuhweba.

Isiteji 1. Ibhidi yokuqala

Lesi yisigaba sokuqala sokubhida. Abahlanganyeli banelungelo lokubheja ekwandeni kwenani lento ethengisiwe. Kulokhu, usayizi wesinyathelo unqunywa kusengaphambili yizimo zendali. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi uhlelo luthatha isinyathelo ngasinye esilandelayo uhhafu wehora ngemuva kwangaphambilini.

Isiteji 2. Kuyabuyiswa

Uma, nganoma yisiphi isizathu, indali eyinhloko kuthiwe ayisebenzi, kubanjwa entsha. Kulokhu, izindleko zokuqala zisethwe ngo-10% ngaphansi.

Isiteji 3. Ukubhida esidlangalaleni

Uma ezigabeni ezimbili zokuqala indali kuthiwa ayisebenzi, indali yomphakathi ephethwe. Isici sabo esiyinhloko - Ukwehliswa kwentengo ngemuva kwesikhathi esinqunyelwe.

Abahlanganyeli endalini enjalo banethuba lokuthola impahla ngezindleko eziphansi kakhulu. Ukwehliswa okuphezulu kungenzeka finyelela kuma-99%... Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ube nesikhathi sokuqedela isivumelwano ngaphambi kwabancintisana nabo.

Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwenani lesakhiwo kubaluleke kakhulu. Imvamisa, ekuqaleni kwendali, isivele ithengiswa ngentengo enhle kakhulu.

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Ngakho-ke, indali ibanjwa ngokuya ngezigaba ezisungulwe ngokusemthethweni. Abatshalizimali abakwazi kahle ukulandelana kwabo banethuba elihle lokuthola izimpahla ngentengo engcono kakhulu.

Kungani siyidinga nokuthi sizoyibheka kuphi indali yokuqothuka Yini ongayithenga endalini yokuqothuka

5. Iyiphi impahla yababhanga nabakweletayo engathengwa endalini yokuqothuka 💰

Akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi yiziphi izimpahla ezingathengiswa endalini. Uhlu olukhulu lwezinto zempahla lungaphansi kokuthengiswa endalini. Uma ufisa, ungakhetha noma yini kulolu hlu.

Okudume kakhulu futhi okuphawuleka kakhulu yizinto ezilandelayo:

• ukuphepha okuphethwe yizinhlangano zomthetho nabantu ngabanye;
• izitshalo;
• izinhlangano ezahlukahlukene;
• amabhizinisi abandakanyeka ekukhiqizeni izimpahla ezahlukahlukene;
• amalungelo ahlukahlukene ezicelo;
• izimoto;
• imishini ekhethekile;
• Izinto ezisetshenziswayo;
• izimpawu zokuhweba zezinkampani ezahlukahlukene;
• ingcebo yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene - ezentengiso, ezezindlu, izakhiwo nezakhiwo ezihloselwe izidingo zezimboni;
• izimpahla ezahlukahlukene ezibonakalayo zomuntu omenyezelwe njengongenamali;
• Izinsiza kusebenza zokukhiqiza;
• umhlaba ngezinhloso ezahlukahlukene - ukwakhiwa komuntu ngamunye, ezolimo nezinye.

Abaningi abazi mayelana nokutholakala kwempahla ehlukahlukene ngokubamba iqhaza endalini yokuqothuka. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunamathuba amahle okwenza isivumelwano esisebenza kahle kakhulu.

Kweminye indali, inani elincane labantu abazimisele ukuthenga impahla liyabamba iqhaza, ngakho-ke kuba lula ukuthenga impahla ngezindleko eziphansi.

Umdwebo wentengo yokuthengiswa kwempahla yabantu abakweletayo kanye nokuqothuka kwezimali - indali kagesi yokuqothuka

6. Indali yokuqothuka: TOP-5 amapulatifomu wokuhweba ngogesi 💻

Ukuhweba ngokuqothuka kubanjwa kuzingxenyekazi ezahlukahlukene ze-elekthronikhi. Kunezindawo eziningi eziphumelela kakhulu ezithengisa izimpahla zokuqothuka.

Phakathi kwamasayithi athandwa kakhulu asetshenziselwa ukwenza indali kwi-Intanethi kukhona okulandelayo:

1. Irejista yombuso ehlanganisiwe yemininingwane ngokuqothuka

Le database iqukethe yonke imininingwane etholakalayo yokubhida ngenxa yenqubo yokuqothuka.

Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yesevisi "Ubumbano Oluhlanganisiwe Lombuso Lolwazi Lokuqothuka" -okuma.ru

Okuyinhloko inzuzo lesi sisekelo si ukuthumela kusengaphambili imininingwane mayelana nenqubo ezayo yokuthengiswa kwempahla... Kukulesi siza lapho kutholakala khona imininingwane ephelele.

Ukufunda irejista yezinto kuvumela ababhida ukuba baqoqe imininingwane edingekayo futhi, ngenxa yalokho, balungiselele kahle indali, benze ukuhlaziywa okuphelele nokuhlolwa kwempahla efakwe endalini.

2. I-Sberbank AST

Iningi lochwepheshe limaka leli sayithi njengepulatifomu enhle enayo ikhwalithi, ntofontofo futhi enembile isikhombimsebenzisi esicacile.

Iwebhusayithi esemthethweni yensizakalo yeSberbank AST -sberbank-asanda.ru

Iwebhusayithi yakwaSberbank AST ithengisa impahla yezinkampani ezithathe imalimboleko futhi, noma ngasiphi isizathu, azikwazi ukuyikhokha.

Okubalulekile kusimo isayithi liyinani elincane lokuhweba.

3.Fabrikant.ru (fabrikant.ru)

Le sayithi ibizwa phakathi kokuhamba phambili. Inzuzo yayo ebaluleke kakhulu inani elikhulu lezinkatho ezithengisiwe.

Indawo esemthethweni yesevisi ye- "Fabrikant.ru" - lunga.ru

4. Isikhungo sokuqalisa

Lesi ngesinye sezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu lapho impahla yamabhizinisi ibhekwa njengongenamali ngokuhambisana nomthetho edayiswa ngezindali.

5. I-ELECTRO TORGI

Isiza esethulwe besisebenza kungekudala. Noma kunjalo, ithuthuka kakhulu futhi isivele yathola ukuthandwa. Lokhu kuchazwa iqiniso lokuthi isiza sinjalo kulula ukuyisebenzisafuthi i-interface iyi elula futhi kuyaqondakala.

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Ngakho-ke, kunenani elikhulu lezinsizakusebenza ku-Intanethi lapho ungasesha khona izinto ezifanele uma kwenzeka isinqumo sokuhlanganyela endalini.

Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu owazi ukuthi wonke amasayithi lapho kwenziwa khona inqubo yokuthengisa impahla yokuqothuka ngezindleko ezincishisiwe, zihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezi-3 (ezintathu):

1. Amapulatifomu okuhweba

Amasayithi anjalo agxile ngqo enhlanganweni nasekuqhubekeni kwezindali eziku-inthanethi.

2. Izingosi ezisemthethweni

Imininingwane ephelele yokuhweba ishicilelwe lapha. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokulandela umthetho waseRussia. Izibonelo ezidume kakhulu zamasayithi anjalo yiFedresurs, kanye nephephandaba iKommersant (uhlelo lwangoMgqibelo).

3. Ama-aggregator okubhida amabhizinisi

Inhloso enkulu yalezi zingosi ukuqoqa imininingwane esesikhathini mayelana nokuhweba okugcinwe kwinani elikhulu lezinsizakusebenza ze-Intanethi.

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Labo abafisa ukubamba iqhaza endalini akumele banqume kuphela ukuthi bafuna ukuthenga ini. Kubalulekile ukunquma ukuthi lokhu kungenziwa kusiphi isiza.

Ukufunda inani elikhulu lezinsizakusebenza kwandisa amathuba okuthola into oyidingayo.

Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo Umhlahlandlela Wababhida Ekubhida Ku-inthanethi

7. Ungabamba iqhaza kanjani ezindalini zomphakathi ezisebenza ngogesi - izigaba eziyinhloko + nezidingo zendali 📌

Akunzima ukubamba iqhaza ezindalini ze-elektroniki ngenhloso yokuthola impahla yokuqothuka, noma ngubani angakwenza. Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kubalulekile ukuhambisana nomthetho, kanye nokuhamba njalo kuzo zonke izigaba zokubamba iqhaza endalini. Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ezokusiza ukuthi ubone ukuthi ungakwenza kanjani konke okulungile inikezwe ngezansi.

Isigaba 1. Ukutholwa kwe-ES

Isiginesha ye-elektroniki noma i-ES efushanisiwe iyindlela yokuqinisekisa ubunikazi bolwazi oluthunyelwe kumnikazi walo. Ngaphandle kwesiginesha ye-elekthronikhi, akunakwenzeka ukufinyelela kupulatifomu yokuhweba nge-elektroniki ukuze ubambe iqhaza ezindalini zempahla yababhangi nabakweletayo.

Imisebenzi esemqoka yesiginesha ye-elekthronikhi yile:

• ukuvikelwa komgunyathi, kanye nokukhohlisa kwemibhalo ehlukahlukene;
• ubufakazi bokubhalwa kwemibhalo, kanye nokutholakala komuntu othile;
• ukudluliswa kwemibhalo ngeziteshi zokuxhumana eziphephile;
• ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuletha amakhotheshini ngesikhathi sendali;
• ukuphethwa kwezinkontileka ngokuya ngemiphumela yokuhweba.

Ukukhetha inkampani ukukhipha i-ES, kubalulekile ukutadishaunikeza ukufinyelela kumaphi amasayithi. Kwezinye izinkampani, intengo yokwenza isiginesha iphansi, noma kunjalo, futhi uhlu lwezinsizakusebenza lincane.

Lapho uthatha isinqumo sokukhipha isiginesha ye-elektroniki, kubalulekile ukuthi uhlaziye ukuthi uyidinga kangakanani. Ngokwesiko, i-EP isebenza kuphela 1 unyaka, ngemuva kwalokho ukuvuselelwa kuzokhokhwa.

Ukuze ungadlali ngemali, imvamisa kuyasiza kakhulu ukukhetha into ofuna ukuyithenga, bese ngemuva kwalokho wenze isiginesha. Kodwa-ke, kuleli cala, kuzofanele ubuyekeze imininingwane yokuvulwa kokulethwa kwama-oda nsuku zonke ukuze ungabi sekwephuzile ekuqaleni kokuhweba.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenzeka ukuthi kuzodingeka ukukhiqiza i-ES ngesikhathi esifushane, okuholela ezindlekweni ezingeziwe.

Isigaba 2. Ukugunyazwa ku-ETP

Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukugunyazwa kungxenyekazi yokuhweba ngogesi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, nakanjani uzodinga i-ES.

Ukudlulisa ukugunyazwa, kufanele ulayishe amadokhumenti kusayithi ngokuya ngezidingo zensiza.

Ngokuvamile ngabanye lena yipasipoti, kubalulekile ukuthi ufunde ngokucophelela imibandela yokugunyazwa ukuze ungadingi ukuhambisa imibhalo futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ezinye izinsiza zidinga ukusabalala kuphela ngesithombe nokubhaliswa, ezinye - wonke amakhasi.

Ukugunyazwa ngokwesiko kuthatha izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu zokusebenza. Akunasidingo sokudlula kule nqubo kuwo wonke amasayithi. Leyo lapho kuzokwenziwa khona ukuqhudelana kuzokwanela.

Isigaba 3. Ukukhethwa nokuhlaziywa kwenkatho

Usebenzisa imithombo etholakalayo, kufanele uthole into efanelekile ongayithenga. Kungokwemvelo ukuthi lapho ufuna impahla edingekayo kungakuhle kakhulu ukutadisha okuhlinzekwayo esifundeni sendawo yakho.

Lapho kukhethwa inkatho, kubalulekile ukutadisha yonke imibhalo ephathelene nayo. Lokhu kungaba yimibhalo yobunikazi, imibiko yokulinganisa nokunye.

Endabeni yokuthenga impahla ebonakalayo (imoto, igumbi, isakhiwo, njll.), kunengqondo ukuyihlola ngaphambi kokubhida. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kufanele uthole oxhumana nabo ekhadini lomhleli wendali, ushayele futhi wenze i-aphoyintimenti.

Lapho uthatha isinqumo sokuthenga imishini yobuchwepheshe eyinkimbinkimbi, imoto, isakhiwo nezinye izimpahla eziyinkimbinkimbi, kungakuhle ukumema onguchwepheshe emhlanganweni... Uzosiza kusengaphambili hlola impahla ethengiswayo, futhi setha inani langempela lemakethe.

Izenzo ezinjalo zenza ukuthi kuhlolisiswe ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukubamba iqhaza kuzo ngisho nangaphambi kokuqala kwendali. Lezi zinyathelo zingonga kakhulu isikhathi nemali.

Isinyathelo 4. Ukucushwa kwesoftware

Ukubamba iqhaza endalini, kubalulekile ukumisa kahle izinhlelo kukhompyutha yomuntu siqu. Imvamisa, i-Internet Explorer isetshenziselwa ukusebenza nezinkundla ezisebenza ngogesi. Kuzofanele futhi ukuthi usethe uhlelo olukhethekile, imvamisaI-Crypto-probese ufaka izitifiketi ezidingekayo kukhompyutha.

Imvamisa, yonke imiyalo edingekayo yokusebenza nesiginesha ye-elektroniki ikhishwa yizinkampani lapho zenziwe khona. Lapho futhi unga-oda usizo lohlelo lochwepheshe njengensizakalo eyengeziwe uma ungeke ukwazi ukuzenzela amasethingi.

Isigaba 5. Ukubhaliswa kwesicelo sokubamba iqhaza endalini

Lapho into yokuthenga isikhethiwe futhi nesoftware isimisiwe, ungakwazi qala ukudala uhlelo lokusebenza... Kungcono ukwenza lokhu kusenesikhathi, ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kosuku lokugcina lokwamukela izicelo. Lesi seluleko sibaluleke kakhulu kubaqalayo.

Uma ukuqhudelana kwenzeka okokuqala ngqa, esigabeni sokufaka isicelo, inani elikhulu lemibuzo lingavela. Izeluleko ezengeziwe zochwepheshe zingadingeka.

Ngakho-ke, kufanele kube nesikhathi esanele sokuqedela isicelo.

Imininingwane yokugcwalisa uhlelo incike kwipulatifomu ekhethiwe lapho kuzobanjelwa khona indali. Ezinye zazo azidingi ukugcwalisa noma yini ngesandla, yonke imibhalo izokhiqizwa kusuka kudatha echazwe ngesikhathi sokuvunywa.

Isampula lokugcwalisa isicelo sokubamba iqhaza endalini yokuqothuka

Kwamanye amasayithi, zonke izivumelwano ezidingekayo kufanele zenziwe kabusha isikhathi ngasinye. Kungadingeka ukuthi unamathisele "ukuskena" kwepasipoti yakho nesitifiketi se-TIN.

Esigabeni sokubhaliswa kwesicelo sokubamba iqhaza endalini, kuyadingeka ukunamathisela idokhumenti, eqinisekisa ukukhokhwa kwediphozithieshiwo yimigomo yendali. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uyikhokhele kuze kufakwe isicelo sokugcina.

Isigaba 6. Ukukhokhwa kwediphozithi

Isigaba esibalulekile, ngaphandle kwaso ukubhida ngeke kwenzeke, wenza idiphozi. Usayizi wayo unqunywa kumadokhumenti endali. Imvamisa, inani lediphozi linqunywa ezingeni 5% wezindleko into ezosetshenziswa.

Imininingwane yokuhumusha ingatholakala kumadokhumenti endali. Ngaphambi kokudlulisa izimali, kunengqondo ukucacisa ikhomishini yasebhange ukudluliswa okunjalo. Kukude kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi ukudlulisa izimali zisuka kwi-akhawunti ekhona nebhange elithile.

Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi ngokubamba iqhaza ezindalini zempahla ebiza kakhulu, ngoba umehluko kwikhomishini yokudlulisela ezikhungweni ezahlukahlukene zezikweletu ungahluka.

Amapulatifomu amaningi we-elekthronikhi adinga ukuthi uthumele idokhumenti eqinisekisa ukudluliswa kwezimali. Ngakho-ke, kunengqondo ukucacisa kusengaphambili ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukukhokha idiphozi ngezinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene eziku-inthanethi zebhange. Kulokhu, iklayenti linethuba lokuthola isaziso ngogesi sokudluliswa.

Noma kunjalo, amasayithi amaningi adinga idokhumende lokukhokha eligxivizwe yibhange... Ngakho-ke, leli phuzu kufanele licaciswe kusengaphambili.

Isigaba 7. Ukuhanjiswa kwesicelo

Isikhathi sokufaka isicelo kufanele sinqunywe endalini ngayinye ngokwehlukana. Kokunye ukuhweba, onqobayo unjalo owokuqala ukumthuma... Kwezinye izimo, kubalulekile ukugcina isikhathi sebenzisa kuze kufike iphuzu elithile.

Okokuqala, udinga ukunamathisela yonke imibhalo edingekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, besebenzisa isiginesha ye-elektroniki, kufanele basayinwe futhi bathunyelwe.

Isiteji 8. Indali ye-elekthronikhi

Ngokuya ngohlobo lwendali, inqubo yokubhida iyenzeka. Uma ukuhweba kugcinwa ngokomthetho indali evaliwe, ngesikhathi esithile wonke amabhidi ayavulwa, owinile nguyena othumele intengo engcono kakhulu.

Uma kwenziwa indali evulekile, ngokwemibandela ethile yendali usuku futhi ihora umhlanganyeli kufanele afake i-akhawunti yakhe yomuntu siqu, ebhaliswe endaweni yesikhulumi se-elekthronikhi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokuya ngemigomo yendali, umhlanganyeli ngamunye angaletha iziphakamiso zamanani. Kufanele kube njalo cabanga ngesinyathelo sokubhida, eshiwo ezimweni zendali. Ngokuvamile kunjalo kusuka ku-0.5 kuye kumaphesenti ama-5 kusukela ezindlekweni zokuqala zempahla ethengiswayo.

Okubalulekile! Abahlanganyeli kwinqubo yokubhida babona kuphela inombolo yomfakisicelo kanye nentengo ayinikele.

Okwamanje, akucaci ukuthi ikabani inombolo, okungukuthi, ngaphambi kokumenyezelwa kwemiphumela, isibongo, igama, igama eliyigama noma igama lenkampani alaziwa. Lokhu kuvumela indali ngokuthembeka nangokusobala ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ngaphezu kwesinyathelo sendali, imigomo yendali iyanqunywa isikhathilapho ungabeka khona isiphakamiso sakho. Uma kungaphezu kwesikhathi esibekiwe esidlulile kusukela ekugcineni kwazo, amabhidi ayaphela.

Ngalesi sikhathi, uma ufisa, ungathola indawo ezingeni lentengo yokugcina enikezwayo. Lapho-ke, uma owinile ngesizathu esithile enqaba ukuthenga into yendali, kuzokwazi ukuzitholela yena ngentengo yokugcina.

Isigaba 9. Imiphumela yokuhweba

Lapho indali isiphelile, kusala ukulinda imiphumela yendali. Okokuqala, umhleli wezentengiselwano wenza umthetho olandelwayo oqukethe imininingwane yokuthi bahambe kanjani. Lokhu kwenziwa cishe isigamu sehora ngemuva kokuphela kwendali.

Ngokuqhubekayo phakathi Izinsuku ezi-3 (ezintathu) zebhizinisi iphrothokholi yokufingqa iyakhiwa. Iqukethe imininingwane yokuthi ngubani ophumelele endalini.

Isinyathelo 10. Ukuphela kwendali

Kubahlanganyeli abangazange babe ngabanqobi bokubhida, baqedwa ngokulula. Kwanele ukulinda ukubuya kwediphozi. Uma lokhu kungenzeki ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, ungaxhumana nomhleli futhi ucacise imigomo nesikhathi sokubuyela.

Abaphumelele endalini isivumelwano sokuthenga nokuthengisa siyadingeka... Ngale njongo, umhleli wendali uthumela ifomu elithile ngesayithi. Kufanele igcwaliswe bese ibuyiselwa kusayithi kuqala nge-akhawunti yakho yangasese, iyisayine isebenzisa ukhiye we-elekthronikhi, bese owinile endalini ebuyisela inkontileka esayiniwe kumhleli wendali. Futhi kulandela thumela idokhumenti yangempela e Amakhophi amabili (amabili) ngeposi.

Uma owine indali ngasizathu simbe eguqula umqondo wakhe ngokuthenga into endalini, akasayine isivumelwano. Ngokwemvelo, idiphozi kuleli cala ayibuyiswa.

Isigaba 11. Ukukhokha okugcwele nokufakwa komthetho

Lapho inkontileka isayiniwe, owinile uyadinga ukhokhe yonke enye imali entweni ethengiwe. Kulokhu, kufanele uqaphele ngokusemandleni akho, ngoba imvamisa izinto ezidingekayo ze- ukudluliswa kwediphozithi futhi ukukhokhwa kwenkontileka hluka.

Lapho kuhlangatshezwane nazo zonke izimo, owinile endalini uba ngumnikazi wendawo ephelele. Ngemuva kwalokho angalahla lokho kuthenga ngokubona kwakhe.

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Ngakho-ke, ukubamba iqhaza endalini kufaka ukudlula kwezigaba ezithile zenqubo. Uma ulandela ngokuqinile imiyalo, futhi futhi ubheka zonke izeluleko, akufanele kube nezinkinga ngale nqubo.

Kunoma ikuphi, uma kunesidingo, ungaxhumana nensizakalo yokusekelwa yesikhulumi se-elekthronikhi. Abantu abanolwazi oluningi nabafanelekayo, kufaka phakathi abangani nabantu obajwayele, nabo bangasiza.

8. Isikhathi sezindali zokuqothuka 📆

Inqubo yokubhida yokuqothuka kulawulwa ngokuqinile yizenzo zomthetho zeRussia Federation. Ngasikhathi sinye, kubekiwe izikhathi ezibekiwe zokudlula esigabeni ngasinye.

Uma kuphephe ukuthengiswa, kuzothunyelwa i-oda elihambisanayo izikhathi eziningana ezinyangeni ezimbili (ezimbili). Ukubalwa phansi kwalesi sikhathi kuqala kusukela ngosuku lapho umsizi wesikhonzi senkantolo enza isinqumo esifanayo.

Kulezo zimo lapho impahla ifakwa endalini, okuyi- engenakunyakaziswa (kufaka phakathi amabhizinisi), ngaphezu kwesinqumo, kanye nesenzo sokwamukela nokudlulisa leyo mpahla, kufanele kufakwe amadokhumende aqukethe imininingwane yobunikazi besiza somhlaba.

Imibhalo edingekayo yile:

• incwadi eqinisekisa ukuboshwa kwe-real estate;
• isitifiketi esakha ubunikazi bempahla;
• imibhalo equkethe izici eziyinhloko zempahla.

Uma indawo eyakhiwayo idluliswa iyathengiswa, uzodinga ukwengeza ukuhambisa imibhalo elandelayo:

• ikhophi yedokhumende esabelweni sendawo yokwakha;
• imvume yokwakha ekhishwe iziphathimandla zombuso.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlu lwempahla ethengiswayo luyimpoqo. Imininingwane ngakho kufanele ifakwe ohlwini I-Unified Federal Register, egcina amarekhodi emininingwane yokuqothuka.

Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, kungakapheli inyanga, okweletwayo noma esinye isikhulu kungadinga umuntu ovalekayo hlola impahla yomuntu okweletwayo. Isidingo esinjalo sisemthethweni uma isikweletu siphezulu kunentengo yempahla. ngaphezu kuka-2%... Lokhu kuhlola kuthatha izinyanga ezi-2 (ezimbili). Lesi sikhathi sibalwa kusukela ngesikhathi lapho umthengisi athola izimangalo ezifanele kubabolekisi.

Ukukhokhelwa kwezinsizakalo zongoti ozokwenza lokhu kuhlola kwenziwa ngezimali ezizotholwa ngenxa yokuthengiswa kwempahla yomuntu okweletayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungakapheli izinyanga ezimbili, umhleli wendali kumele adluliswe uhlu lwabakweletwayo, ekhonjiswa ukuthengiswa endalini.

Ngemuva kwalokho, imininingwane ngokuthengiswa okuzayo kwempahla yokuqothuka kufanele ithunyelwe kuyo imidiya yokuphrinta esemthethweniezishicilelwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Kusukela kulo mzuzu, ukwamukelwa kwezicelo kuyaqala, lapho kugcinwa khona indali.

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Ngakho-ke, kudlula isikhathi esiningi kusuka ngesikhathi inkantolo ithatha isinqumo sokuthengisa impahla kuze kufike usuku lwendali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubude besigaba ngasinye bunqunyelwe ngumthetho.

Izigaba eziyinhloko zokuthenga izindlu nomhlaba endalini yokuqothuka

9. Ungayithenga kanjani impahla endalini yokuqothuka - inqubo yokuthenga endalini 🏠

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zabakweletwayo zenzelwa indali. Izakhiwo nezindawo zidingeka kakhulu. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni, umuntu angahlukanisa 5 izigabalokho kudluliswa yiwo wonke umuntu onquma ukuthenga impahla ngale ndlela.

Isigaba 1. Ukukhethwa kwempahla ezothengwa

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukubhida, kufanele unqume ukuthi iyiphi impahla ezothengwa. Kungaba nezinketho eziningi, isibonelo, ifulethi elinamakamelo amabili esakhiweni esisha. Konke lapha kuncike kakhulu kumakhono omthengi.

Kulesi sigaba, kufanele futhi unqume ukuthi impahla oyitholile izosetshenziselwa yiphi injongo.

Kunezindlela eziningana:

• yokuhlala kwakho;
• ngokwenza ibhizinisi;
• ukuqasha;
• ngokuthengiswa kabusha okulandelayo.

Isigaba 2. Ukukhetha indawo

Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi isifunda sizothengwa kusiphi isifunda. Konke kuncike ekutheni kanjani kusukela ngenhloso yokuthengafuthi kusuka endaweni yomthengi.

Impahla yokuthengiswa kabusha kufanele ithengwe lapho kunesidingo esikhulu sayo. Ukuthenga izindlu nomhlaba ngenhloso yokuqasha kunenzuzo enkulu emadolobheni amakhulu.

Isigaba 3. Usayizi wokunamathiselwe omkhulu

Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukubamba iqhaza endalini, kufanele unqume ukuthi inani elingakanani lokusetshenziswa lingasetshenziswa.

Kulokhu, awusebenzisi ukulingana kuphela, kepha nezimali ezibolekwe.

Isigaba 4. Ukuhlaziywa kwempahla ekhethiwe

Ngemuva kokukhetha indawo oyothenga, udinga ukuyihlaziya ngokucophelela.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, yenza okulandelayo:

• izithombe zokufunda, imibhalo, izici;
• qinisekisa ukuthi akulakubotshwa lokugoqa;
• uma kungenzeka, hlola into.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuhlaziya izindleko zempahla ehlelelwe ukutholwa. Kuyafaneleka ukucacisa ukuthi impahla efanayo ibiza malini emakethe ukuze uqonde ukuthi inani elingakanani elingakhokhwa ngalo.

Isigaba 5. Ukutholwa kwempahla

Lapho ukuseshwa nokuhlaziywa kwempahla sekuphelile, ungafunda imibhalo eza nendali. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungalungisa isicelo, kanye nephakeji lamadokhumenti adingekayo ngaphansi kwemigomo yendali.

Ngokulandelayo kuza indali uqobo lwayo.Uma ubonwa njengonqobile, kuzosayinwa inkontileka yokuthengisa nokuthengwa kwempahla ukubhaliswa kabusha kwamalungelo empahla kuye. Kusukela kulo mzuzu, umthengi angalahla impahla ngokubona kwakhe.

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Ngakho-ke, wonke umuntu angathenga indawo endalini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwanele ukudlula ezigabeni ezinhlanu ezilula.

10. Uyini umholo endalini yokuqothuka 💎

Izindali lapho kudayiswa impahla yabantu abamenyezelwe njengabashonile kuyindlela eyingqayizivele nenesasasa lokuthola imali.

Kepha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukuthengwa kwanoma iyiphi impahla endalini kuyinkqubo enzima yezomthetho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, udinga ukwazi inombolo enkulu yobuqili kanye nama-nuances.

Ukuthengwa kwenqubo yokubhida kwehluka kakhulu ekuthengweni kwempahla yendabuko.

Ukubhida ngokuqothuka kungaba ibhizinisi elinenzuzo uma umuntu onquma ukwenza imali ngale ndlela enezimfanelo eziningi.

Okuyinhloko yile:

• ikhono lokuqhubeka nokuqapha imininingwane mayelana nezinqubo eziqhubekayo zokuqothuka, kanye nokumenyezelwa kokuthengiswa kwempahla;
• ulwazi, kanye nokuhlangenwe nakho okuthile ekutholakaleni kwempahla, kanye nokubamba iqhaza endalini;
• amakhono enhlangano asiza ekwenzeni ukuthengisa nokuthenga.

Indali ayinakuba uhlobo lwebhizinisi oluhlukile, oluzimele. Lokhu kuchazwa ngeqiniso lokuthi kukude kakhulu ngaso sonke isikhathi ukukusebenzisa. Noma indali yenziwa yinqwaba yokhomishani abaqothuka, indali ayihlelekile futhi izimele (ngokungafani nokuthengisa nokuthenga kwendabuko).

Phakathi kwabantu, njengohlobo lwebhizinisi, ukuthola impahla ngokusebenzisa ukubamba iqhaza ezindalini zokubuyiselwa kwawo okulandelayo... Imisebenzi enjalo ingakhiqiza imali ebonakalayo.

Lokhu kuzodinga inani elikhulu kakhulu lemininingwane, kanye ne-streak yezentengiselwano nethalente kwezamabhizinisi.

Uma sikhuluma ngokuthengiswa endalini kwempahla yabantu abamenyezelwe njengongenamali, ibhizinisi elinjalo selivele muva nje... Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, izimpahla zezinhlangano ezisemthethweni kuphela ezazingaphansi kokuthengiswa kwempahla. Ngasikhathi sinye, izindali zazibanjwa cishe ngaphandle kohlelo, ngokomthetho.

Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokungenelela kwezindikimba zombuso nokuvela komthetho ofanele, inqubo isibe yimpucuko enkulu.

Ibhidi yokuqothuka iya emphakathini namuhla. Manje inqubo yendali isiyinzuzo kakhulu, futhi ezinhlangothini zombili – ababolekisi futhi abakweletayo... Ngenxa yalokhu, noma iyiphi impahla ithengiswa ngokushesha okukhulu nangamanani asondele kakhulu ezintengo zemakethe.

Izinzuzo nobubi bokuthenga impahla yababhangi nabakweletwayo ngokubhida nge-elektroniki

11. Ubuhle nobubi bokuzuza impahla ngokubhida ngokubhanga

Njenganoma yiluphi uhlobo lwemali etholakalayo, ukuthenga impahla endalini kunezinzuzo nezinkinga ezithile.

11.1. Izinzuzo zokuthenga endalini

Phakathi kwezinzuzo kukhona okulandelayo:

Inzuzo 1. Intengo ephansi yendawo ethengiswayo

Lokhu kungenxa yesifiso sabanikazi sokuthengisa izimpahla ngokushesha okukhulu. Mayelana nalokhu, inani lempahla liyancipha futhi lisethwe ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu kunemakethe.

Isibonelo, lapho kuthengiswa izindlu nomhlaba, kuthathwa imali ebolekiswayo, ingxenye yezimali ezitholakele izokhokhela isikweletu seklayenti, okusele kuzonikezwa obolekayo. Kungokwemvelo ukuthi esimweni esinjalo indali ibanjelwa ikakhulukazi izintshisekelo zalowo obolekayo.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze kusheshiswe inqubo yokuthengisa, izindleko zempahla zibekwa ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu.

Imvamisa, kulokhu, umthengi angathenga ifulethi cishe 35% ngaphansi kwesilinganiso semakethe... Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvame ukuba nezimo lapho into ebolekiswayo ingathengiswa okokuqala. Ngenxa yalokhu, lapho kwenziwa ukuhweba okuphindaphindwayo, intengo yayo yehliswa kakhulu.

Inzuzo 2. Isiqinisekiso sokusemthethweni kokuthengiselana

Ngesikhathi sendali yokuthengisa impahla yokuqothuka, inqubo ilawulwa ngokuphelele nguhulumeni. Ekugcineni, kuncishiswa ubungozi bokuthengiswa nokuthengwa njengobungekho emthethweni.

11.2. Ububi bokuthenga ngendali

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lwebhizinisi lunezinkinga eziningana. Ukubhida ngokuqothuka akunjalo.

Phakathi kokubi okubaluleke kakhulu kukhona okulandelayo:

Ububi 1. Ubunzima bokuhlola isimo sempahla ethengiswayo

Endabeni yokuthengiswa kwezindlu, kungaba nzima ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi azikho izindleko zomsebenzi ezisilele emuva.

Ububi 2. Kunzima ukuqinisekisa imvume yokuthengisa

Ingozi ukuthi, ngenxa yalokho, oshade naye ngeke anikeze imvume yakhe ekuthengisweni kwempahla, noma izingane ezincane zibhaliswa efulethini.

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Ukunciphisa izingozi ezingaba khona, kufanele wenze noma yikuphi ukuthengiselana endalini, ngokubambisana nochwepheshe. Laba akufanele kube ngabameli abajwayelekile, kepha labo abanolwazi olunolwazi ngokubhida ngokuqothuka.

12. Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo ngesihloko 🔔

Ukubhida ngokuqothuka kuyinkqubo enzima kakhulu, ngakho-ke bonke ababambiqhaza bayo banemibuzo eminingi. Ukwenza kube lula ukuzijwayeza le nqubo enzima, sizamile ukuphendula okuhlangana nabo kaningi.

Umbuzo 1. Kungani sidinga futhi ziyini izinjongo zokubhida ngokubhanga?

Kungaba nezinhloso eziningana zokusebenzisa ibhidi yokuqothuka.

Okuvame kakhulu yilezi:

• ukuthenga ukusetshenziswa komuntu siqu;
• ukwenza inzuzo - ukuthenga kushibhile, ukuthengisa kubiza kakhulu;
• inhlangano yamabhizinisi - ukuthola izakhiwo zebhizinisi labo noma ukuqasha;
• thenga ingcebo ngaphandle kokuqeda, lungisa, uthengisele okunye.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubamba iqhaza ezindalini zokuqothuka kuvumela umuntu ukuthola okukhethekile okusha. Ngamanye amagama, kunethuba lokuba ngumtshalizimali.

Uma ucabanga ukutshala imali kwi-real estate, sincoma ukuthi ufunde i-athikili ngokutshalwa kwezindlu.

Kusukela ngo-2011 ukuhweba kwenziwa nge-Intanethi, okwenza kufinyeleleke kalula. Ngenxa yalokhu, namuhla noma ngubani angabamba iqhaza ezindalini ngaphandle kokushiya ikhaya.

Ngenxa yalokhu, ukubamba iqhaza endalini kuthola izinzuzo eziningi:

• isikhathi sigcinelwa ukuhlela ukubamba iqhaza endalini;
• akukho okubhekiswe esifundeni esithile sendawo;
• izidingo ezithambile zababhida.

Enye inzuzo yokubamba iqhaza endalini namuhla ukuncintisana okuphansi.

Umbuzo 2. Ungabheka kuphi amathenda wokuqothuka, yiziphi izindlela zokucinga ezikhona?

Kunezindlela eziningana wonke umuntu angathola ngazo indali. Okokuqala, kunjalo Iphephandaba iKommersanteshicilelwa masonto onke ngeMigqibelo. Ukushicilelwa ngakunye okunjalo kunesithasiselo esinolwazi mayelana nendali ezayo. Uma ufisa, iKommersant ingafundwa ngekhompyutha.

Kunamanye amasayithi ashicilela imininingwane mayelana nezindali:

• I-Unified Federal Register Yolwazi Lokuqothuka;
• Ipulatifomu ye-elekthronikhi
• I-Sberbank-AST;
• I-Alphalot;
• Ithenda B2B nabanye.

Ungabheka kuphi amathenda wokuqothuka - thola indali ekhangayo

Umbuzo 3. Yini edingekayo ukuze ubambe iqhaza endalini?

Ukubamba iqhaza ekuhwebeni ngogesi, udinga ukwenza inqubo ethile, engahlukaniswa ngezigaba eziningana.

1. Okokuqala, udinga ukuthola isiginesha ye-elektroniki. Iyabopha ngokomthetho futhi iyi-analog yesiginesha nesiginesha. Isiginesha ye-elekthronikhi ekuvumela ukuthi uthole ukufinyelela kusayithi ukuze ubambe iqhaza endalini. Ungakhipha i-USB flash drive ngephasiwedi kunoma yisiphi isikhungo sokuqinisekisa. Ngemuva kokuthola isiginesha, yonke imiyalo edingekayo yokusetha ukufinyelela iyakhishwa. Lapho ubhalisa ukhiye, kubalulekile ukuthi unake ukuthi imaphi amasayithi onikeza ukufinyelela kuwo. Kungcono ukukhipha ukhiye onjalo okuvumela ukuthi uxhume kumasayithi amaningana. Ngenxa yalokhu, kungenzeka ukuthola inani elikhulu kakhulu lezinto. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi isiginesha ye-elekthronikhi kufanele i-odwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi, njengoba ikhiqizwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.
2. Isigaba sokuqala sokulungiselela ukuhweba ukubhaliswa kungxenyekazi ye-elekthronikhi. Ukwenza lokhu, gcwalisa ifomu bese ulithumela kusayithi. Lapho ukuqinisekiswa kwedatha kuqediwe, ukufinyelela kuzakhiwo ezahlukahlukene ezithengiswayo kuzonikezwa.
3. Kanyekanye nokubhaliswa esizeni, imininingwane yezinkolelo kufanele isekelwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuxubha ngomthetho olawula inqubo yokubhida. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukutadisha imithethonqubo yesayithi elisetshenzisiwe. Yonke imininingwane edingekayo nemibhalo kuyatholakala kungosi yokuhweba.
4. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukucinga izinto ongazithenga. Ngemuva kwalokho, kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela lonke ulwazi mayelana nendali ezayo. Uzodinga ukutadisha yonke imibhalo etholakalayo, uma kungenzeka, uhlole leyo nto kusengaphambili.
5. Lapho zonke izinyathelo zangaphambilini sezidlulisiwe, ungaqhubeka ngokuhambisa isicelo. Kumele ilungiswe ngokucophelela okukhulu ngokuya ngezidingo zomhleli wendali. Isicelo kumele sihambisane nedokhumenti yokudluliselwa kwediphozithi. Imininingwane ngosayizi wayo nemigomo yokukhokha ikhonjisiwe kumadokhumenti wokubhida.

Uma kwenziwe kahle, umhlanganyeli uzongeniswa endalini.

Umbuzo 4. Ungasikhipha kanjani futhi kuphi isiginesha kagesi (ukhiye we-elekthronikhi) ukuze ubambe iqhaza endalini, iyini intengo nenqubo yokuyithola?

Amafemu amaningi eRussia abelokhu ethenga impahla ehlukahlukene isikhathi eside ngenkathi kufakwa isicelo sokuqothuka. Muva nje, lelo thuba livele labanye abantu. Ngaphandle kokungabaza, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuthandwa kwendali kuzokhula kuphela... Ngasikhathi sinye, iningi lalabo abafisa ukubamba iqhaza endalini basazibuza ukuthi isignesha kagesi edingeka kulokhu ikhishwa kanjani.

I-EDS iyadingeka, ngaphandle kwayo, imane ihlanganyele endalini ngeke kusebenze... Ukuyibhalisa, udinga ukuxhumana nesikhungo sokuqinisekisa. Uyinkampani ekhethekile enelayisense yokukhiqiza amaphasiwedi "okhiye" anjalo.

Okulandelayo, kufanele udlule ezigabeni eziningana:

1. Fakela isicelo se-EDS;
2. Nikeza ngemibhalo ecacisiwe ezimweni zokuhlinzeka nge-ES yisikhungo esithile sezitifiketi (sezinhlangano ezisemthethweni lawa yimibhalo engaphansi, yabantu ngabanye - imvamisa ipasipoti ne-TIN), onke athunyelwa ngamakhophi;
3. Lapho nje amadokhumenti eseqinisekisiwe, isiphathimandla sezitifiketi sizokhipha isiginesha ye-elekthronikhi.

I-EDS okhiye abenziwe ngokukhethekile i-CA ebanikeza ofaka isicelo kwi-elektroniki. Futhi, isitifiketi sikhishwa ngasikhathi sinye nokhiye. Kumele iqinisekiswe ngophawu lwe-CA.

Ukukhetha isikhungo sesitifiketi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi igunyazwe iziphathimandla zikahulumeni. Namuhla kunezinkampani ezinjalo ezimbalwa, ngakho-ke ukuthola eyodwa esiseduzane ngeke kube nzima.

Abantu abaningi bazibuza nokuthi i-EDS izobiza malini. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi azikho izindleko ezihleliwe.

Intengo yokugcina izoncika enombolweni enkulu yokunquma:

• ukwakheka kwesiginesha ye-elektroniki ngabasebenzi abaqinisekisiwe;
• ukufaka idatha ku-EDS kwirejista efanele;
• ukwakhiwa kwesithwali sokhiye okhethekile;
• ukutholakala kwelayisense lezinhlelo ezikhethekile ze-cryptographic;
• ukukhishwa kwekhophi yesitifiketi efomini lephepha.

Futhi, ezinye izikhungo zezitifiketi zinikela ngezinsizakalo eziningi ezengeziwe - ukusetha ikhompyutha ngongoti, ukusekelwa kolwazi nabanye. Yonke le mingcele nayo ingathinta izindleko zesiginesha ye-elekthronikhi.

Ngakho-ke, intengo ye-EDS iyahlukahluka, ingahluka ngokuya ngesifunda sokubhalisa.

Ochwepheshe njengesilinganiso sokulinganisa babiza izindleko ezijwayelekile zesiginesha kagesi ezingeni 4-5 ayizinkulungwane ruble.

Umbuzo 5. Iphela kanjani indali? Ngabe ophumeleleyo akakwazi ukuthenga inkatho?

Kumthengi ngamunye wokuqothuka, kungaba nemiphumela eminingana engaba khona yale nqubo:

1. Indali ayinqobi - kulokhu, umgqugquzeli ubuyisa idiphozi, akukho zinkontileka ezizodingeka ukuphothula;
2. Ukunqoba ukuqhudelana.

Ngomnqobi wendali ngaphakathi 5 (abahlanu) izinsuku kusayinwa inkontileka yokuthengisa nokuthengwa kwempahla obekuyinkatho endalini. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngesikhathi 30 (amashumi amathathu) izinsuku kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhokhe izindleko ezigcwele zento yendali.

Uma, nganoma yisiphi isizathu, owinile eguqula umqondo wakhe wokuba umnikazi wendawo, angahle anqabe ukwenza isivumelwano. Ngokwemvelo, kuleli cala, akudingeki ukuthi kubhalwe izindleko zento endalini.

Kodwa-ke, ungakhohlwa ukuthi uma kwenzeka wenqaba ukuthenga kabusha impahla, idiphozi izohlala kumhleli wendali.

Ngakho-ke, wonke umuntu angabamba iqhaza endalini yokuqothuka. Kulokhu, kuzodingeka ube nolwazi namakhono athile, futhi ukhiphe nesiginesha ye-elekthronikhi.

Siyethemba ukuthi lo mbhalo usizile ukuqonda ezinye zezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zale nqubo enzima.

Ekuphetheni, sincoma ukubuka ividiyo, ekhombisa ubuhlakani bento esendalini yokuqothuka ngokwesibonelo:

Nevidiyo yokuthi ungasifaka kanjani isicelo kungxenyekazi ye-elektroniki yakwaSberbank AST:

Ungesabi ukubamba iqhaza ezindalini, ngoba imvamisa lokhu kungasiza ukonga kakhulu ekuthengeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abaningi bebelokhu behola ngempumelelo ezindalini ezinjalo isikhathi eside.

Ithimba le-Ideas for Life lifisela abafundi babo inhlanhla kuyo yonke imizamo yabo! Uma uneminye imibono noma imibuzo ngesihloko, bese ubabuza kumazwana angezansi.