ISpinalonga Island: amaqiniso athakazelisa kakhulu avela emlandweni
ISpinalonga Island isiqeshana somhlaba esincane esisendaweni engama-200 m nje ukusuka ogwini olusempumalanga yeCrete eGrisi. Indawo yento ingu-0.085 km². Lesi siqhingi asihlalwa muntu. Kubhekene nedolobhana lokudoba lasePhaka, elisemngceleni weMirabello Bay enhle. Namuhla, ukuvakashela iSpinalonga kudume kakhulu kubavakashi, futhi okokuqala, into idonsela ukunaka ngesakhiwo sayo sakudala sokwakha - inqaba eyake yaba nkulu, eye yakwazi ukusinda kahle kuze kube namuhla. Lesi siqhingi sinomlando ongajabulisi, ozothakazelisa futhi ube wusizo ukujwayelana nawo ngaphambi kokuvakashela into.
Indaba emfushane
Iqiniso lokuqala eliphawulekayo emlandweni wesiqhingi saseSpinalonga empeleni liyisisekelo salo. Iqiniso ngukuthi ekuqaleni le nto yayiyingxenye yendawo yaseKrethe futhi yayiyisihlonhlo. Umuzi wasendulo wase-Olus wake wachuma kule ndawo, owabhujiswa ngokuphelele ngekhulu lesi-4 ngenxa yokuzamazama komhlaba okunamandla. Ngisho nanamuhla, abahambi bangabona imifantu emikhulu esele emaweni asogwini. Ngenxa yalokhu, izakhi zahlukanisa inhlonhlo neCrete ngetheku elincane.
Kuze kube yikhulu le-9 leminyaka, iKrethe kwakungelamaGriki, kepha ngo-824 yathunjwa ama-Arabhu, nokho, ayengazimiselanga ukuyibusa isikhathi eside. Kakade ngekhulu le-10, amaByzantine anqoba lesi siqhingi, lapho ahlonipha khona ukunqoba abahlaseli abangama-Arabhu akha iSonto laseSt. Phocas, elisabonakala eKrethe. Ngekhulu le-13, amandla phezu kwalesi siqhingi adlulela kumabutho enkolo, kamuva athengisa lezi zindawo eRiphabhuliki yaseVenetian.
Ngo-1526, abaseVenetians banquma ukuguqula iSpinalonga sisuka enhlonhlweni, ehlukaniswe nezwekazi nechweba elincanyana, libe yisiqhingi esigcwele. Futhi esizeni samanxiwa asele e-Olus, ama-Italiya akha inqaba engenakulinganiswa, inhloso enkulu yayo bekuwukuvikela ichweba lase-Elounda ekuhlaselweni kaningi kwabahlaseli. Kuyaziwa kusukela emlandweni ukuthi amaVenetians abusa iKrethe kwaze kwaba ngu-1669, lapho uMbuso Wase-Ottoman ungena enkundleni futhi wasithatha isiqhingi. Kodwa-ke, amaNtaliyane akwazi ukugcina iSpinalonga sibonga izindonga eziqinile zenqaba, ezagcina ziwele ekuhlaselweni abaseTurkey kuphela ngo-1715.
Cishe iminyaka engamakhulu amabili, uMbuso WaseTurkey wawubusa iCrete nesiqhingi iSpinalonga. Inguquko ebukhali emlandweni yachazwa kuphela ngo-1898, lapho izakhamizi zaseKrethe zavukela amaTurkey ngobusuku bangaphambi kwempi yamaGrikhi neTurkey yenkululeko yaseGrisi. Kepha uSpinalonga wasala ezandleni zama-Ottoman, acasha ngaphakathi kwezindonga zenqaba. Lapho-ke amaGrikhi aqala ukuqoqa iziguli ezinochoko ezweni lonke futhi aziyisa enqabeni. Besaba ukutheleleka, abaseTurkey, ngaphandle kokucabanga kabili, basishiya lesi siqhingi.
Ngakho-ke, kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, indaba ehluke ngokuphelele, egcwele usizi, yaqala ukwenzeka ngaphakathi kwezindonga zenqaba, eyayikhazimulisa iSpinalonga njengesiqhingi sabaqalekisiwe. Sinqume ukukutshela kabanzi ngalesi sikhathi esigabeni esehlukile.
Isiqhingi saseLeper
Uchoko (noma uchoko) yisifo esingelapheki esithathelwanayo esaqala ukushaya iYurophu ngeNkathi Ephakathi. Lalingekho ikhambi lalesi sifo ngaleso sikhathi, futhi ukuphela kwendlela yokunqanda ukusakazeka kwalesi sifo kwakuwukuhlukanisa abagulayo. Ngale njongo, kwakhiwa izindawo ezikhethekile, kude kakhulu nemizi ngangokunokwenzeka, ebizwa ngokuthi ikoloni labanochoko. Ngo-1903, amaGrikhi akhetha inqaba esesiqhingini saseSpinalonga njengesibhedlela sabanochoko. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi, hhayi nje kuphela iziguli ezivela eGrisi, kodwa futhi ezivela emazweni aseYurophu zathunyelwa lapha ukuze zithole ukwelashwa.
ISpinalonga, ukuba isiqhingi sabanochoko, asithembisanga abagulayo ukuthi bazolulama. Iziphathimandla zaseGrisi azizange zikunake ngokwanele ukuthuthukiswa kwesibhedlela, ngakho-ke izakhamuzi zakhona zazama ukuphila okubuhlungu zilindele ukufa. Kepha le ndaba nayo inendawo ekhanyayo, egama layo linguRemundakis. Umfundi osemncane, enesifo sochoko, wafika esiqhingini ngo-1936 futhi, ngenxa yentando yakhe nokholo ngamandla akhe, washintsha impilo yakhona koloni labanochoko. Ukuheha ukunakwa kwezinhlangano ezahlukahlukene esibhedlela, le nsizwa yakwazi ukusungula nokuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda yalesi sikhungo. Kwavela ugesi kulesi siqhingi, kwavulwa inkundla yemidlalo yaseshashalazini kanye nendawo yokubukela amabhayisikobho, kwavulwa ikhefi nomcwali wezinwele, kwaqala imicimbi nokuzijabulisa. Ngakho-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iziguli zibuyele kunambitheko wazo wokuphila nokholo ekululameni.
Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, ososayensi bakwazi ukuthola ikhambi lochoko, kwathi ngo-1957 uSpinalonga washiywa iziguli zakhe zokugcina. Labo ababesesigabeni esingalapheki salesi sifo babelwa ezibhedlela ezahlukene ezweni. Lokhu kube ukuphela kwesinye isigaba emlandweni wesiqhingi iSpinalonga eCrete. Ngemuva kwalokho, isiqeshana somhlaba sahlala singenamsebenzi amashumi amabili eminyaka. Futhi kuphela ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, kancane kancane laqala ukudonsa ukunakekela kwabavakashi.
Thola AMANANI noma ubhukhe noma iyiphi indawo yokuhlala usebenzisa leli fomu
ISpinalonga namuhla
Ukuqhuma kwangempela ekuvakasheleni isiqhingi saseSpinalonga eGrisi kwaqubuka ngemuva kokushicilelwa kwencwadi ethi "The Island" (2005) - ingqondo yomlobi waseBrithani uVictoria Hislop. Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-5, kwaqoshwa uchungechunge olususelwa kule noveli, olwalukhulisa kuphela intshisekelo yabahambi kuleyo ndawo. Namuhla iSpinalonga sithandwa kakhulu eKrethe, esivakashelwa ngokuyinhloko ngenxa yokuhambahamba ngenqaba yangenkathi ephakathi.
Ungaya esiqhingini uwedwa ngesikebhe noma njengengxenye yeqembu lokuvakasha. Kungcono ukuqala ukujwayela kwakho ngokuheha okuvela eMnyuziyamu Wezinto Zokuvubukula, osesandleni sobunxele sendawo yokubhoboza. Le nqaba ibingelela izivakashi ngezitebhisi eziwohlokile, imigudu namasonto. Ngaphezu kwamanxiwa esakhiwo sangenkathi ephakathi, izivakashi zizokwazi ukwazisa ukubukwa okuhlaba umxhwele okuvela engxenyeni engenhla yalesi sakhiwo. Kuzoba mnandi ukuzungeza lesi siqhingi wenze isiyingi, ubuke kancane izindawo zaso zemvelo. Futhi abahambi abazijwayeze ngomlando weSpinalonga kusengaphambili bazokwazi ukubuyela ngokomqondo emuva emashumini ambalwa eminyaka futhi bazizwe ngokudabukisayo okwedlule kwendawo.
Ngemuva kokwazi lesi siqhingi, wonke umuntu unethuba lokuhlala ekhefi lendawo eliseduze kakhulu ne-pier. Indawo yokudlela iphaka ukudla kwendabuko kwamaCretan ngamasaladi, inyama kanye nokudla okulula okuhlukahlukene. Futhi eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeSpinalonga kukhona ibhishi elihle, lapho kuthakazelisa khona ukubabaza ama-panorama asogwini olusempumalanga yeKrethe.
- Amahora wokusebenza: NgoMsombuluko nangoLwesibili kusuka ngo-09: 00 kuya ku-17: 00, kusukela ngoLwesithathu kuya ngeSonto kusukela ngo-08: 00 kuya ku-19: 00.
- Izindleko zokuvakasha: 8 €.
Ungafika kanjani esiqhingini
Ungafika eSpinalonga eCrete ngesikebhe usuka ezindaweni ezintathu ezahlukene. Indlela esheshayo futhi eshibhile yokufika kulesi siqhingi ivela emzaneni oseduzane wePlak. Ezokuthutha zisuka lapho kukhangwa njalo ngemizuzu engu-15. Izindleko zohambo lokubuya ngu-10 €. Isikhathi sokuhamba asikho ngaphezu kwemizuzu engu-5-7.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuya esiqhingini usuka ethekwini lase-Elounda. Ehlobo, izikebhe zihamba njalo ngemizuzu engama-30. Ithikithi lokuya nokubuya libiza ama-20 €. Uhambo luthatha cishe imizuzu engama-20, okukuvumela ukuthi uthokozele izintambo zasolwandle ngokugcwele. Kukhona indawo yokupaka mahhala e-Elounda pier, kepha kuvame ukugcwala ngokweqile, abantu abaningi bashiya izimoto zabo endaweni yokupaka ekhokhelwe engu-2 €.
Ungafika futhi entweni ngesikebhe kusuka edolobheni lase-Agios Nikolaos. Ngenkathi ephakeme, ezokuthutha zihamba njalo ngehora. Uzokhokha ama-24 € ngohambo lokuya nokubuya. Uhambo luthatha imizuzu engama-25.
Qhathanisa amanani entengo yokuhlala usebenzisa leli Fomu
Amathiphu awusizo
Lapho uhambela isiqhingi saseSpinalonga eGrisi, qiniseka ukuthi ulalela izeluleko ezivela kubahambi asebeke bavakashela isiza. Ngemuva kokuhlola ukubuyekezwa kwezivakashi, sabona okusebenza kahle kakhulu phakathi kwabo:
- Gqoka izicathulo ezikahle zezemidlalo ukuvakashela okuhehayo, noma kushisa. Ngaphakathi kule nqaba, amatshe amaningi ahlangana ngaphansi kwezinyawo, ngakho-ke ama-flip flops noma izimbadada azikulungele ngokuphelele ukuvakasha.
- Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi esiqhingini isimo sezulu ngaso sonke isikhathi sibonakala sishisa kakhulu kunasogwini lwaseKrethe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, cishe akukho ndawo yokucasha elangeni. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhathazeka nge-sunscreen, izibuko, kanye ne-headwear kusengaphambili. Kungcono ukuthatha ikepisi noma isikhafu, ngoba kunomoya omkhulu eSpinalonga, futhi izigqoko ezinomphetho obanzi zizomane ziphazamise.
- Qiniseka ukuthi ubeka imali emanzini asemabhodleleni.
- Indlela eshibhile ukuvakashela ukukhanga uwedwa. Izindleko zokuvakasha ezivela ezinhlanganweni zokuvakasha zisukela ku-40 kuye ku-60 €. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ikhwalithi yenhlangano yokuvakasha ivame ukuba mpofu. Ukwenza uhambo lwakho oluzimele lube mnandi ngangokunokwenzeka, zijwayeze umlando wento kusengaphambili.
- Uma uhlela ukuhlola kahle isiqhingi saseSpinalonga, uhlole wonke amakhona enqaba futhi ume e-cafe yendawo, sincoma ukuthi ubeke eceleni okungenani amahora ama-3 ohambweni.
