ISigiriya - idwala nenqaba yasendulo eSri Lanka

ISigiriya (iSri Lanka) iyidwala elilodwa elinokuphakama kwamamitha ayi-170 futhi kwakhiwe inqaba kuso esifundeni saseMatale, enkabeni yezwe.

Kwakhiwa isigodlo esiqongweni sentaba, izindonga zaso zidwebe ngemidwebo eyingqayizivele. Abanye bakamuva basindile kuze kube namuhla. Maphakathi phezulu, kukhona ithafa, lapho abafikayo babingelelwa khona yisango elikhulu elinjengezidladla zebhubesi. Ngokwenguqulo eyodwa, le nqaba yakhiwa ngokucela kweNkosi uKassap (Kasyap), kwathi ngemuva kokushona kwayo, isigodlo sasingenamuntu futhi sashiywa sishiyiwe. Kuze kube yikhulu le-XIV, indawo yezindela yamaBuddha yayisebenza endaweni yaseSigiriya. Namuhla lokhu okukhangayo kufakiwe kuhlu lwamagugu omhlaba we-UNESCO futhi kungaphansi kokuvikelwa kwalo.

I-Sigiriya iyinto ehehayo eyingqayizivele

Ngokuya ngemivubukulo, endaweni eseduze nentaba, abantu babehlala esikhathini sangaphambi komlando. Imigwaqo eminingi nemigede ingubufakazi balokhu.

Isithombe: Sigiriya, eSri Lanka.

Ngo-477, uKasyapa, owazalwa ngumuntu ovamile enkosini, wathatha isihlalo sobukhosi ngendluzula yendlalifa esemthethweni kaDatusena, esekelwa ngumkhuzi wamasosha. Indlalifa yesihlalo sobukhosi, uMugalan, waphoqeleka ukuba acashe eNdiya ukuze asindise impilo yakhe. Esethathe isihlalo sobukhosi saseKasyapa, wanquma ukuhambisa inhlokodolobha esuka e-Anuradhapura ayise eSigiriya, lapho kwakuzolile futhi kuthule khona. Lesi silinganiso saphoqeleka, ngoba inkosi eyayizibiza ngesaba ukuthi izoketulwa yilowo isihlalo sobukhosi sinobuzibulo bakhe. Ngemuva kwale micimbi, iSigiriya yaba yinkimbinkimbi yangempela yasemadolobheni, enezakhiwo ezicatshangwe kahle, izivikelo, inqaba nezingadi.

Ngo-495, inkosi engekho emthethweni yaketulwa, inhloko-dolobha yabuyela e-Anuradhapura futhi. Esiqongweni sedwala laseSigiriya, izindela zamaBuddha zahlala iminyaka eminingi. Isigodlo sasebenza kuze kube sekhulwini le-14. Cishe isikhathi esivela ngekhulu le-14 kuya kwele-17, imininingwane ngeSigiriya ayikatholakali.

Izinganekwane nezinsumansumane

Ngokusho kwenye yezinganekwane, uKassapa, efisa ukuthatha isihlalo sobukhosi, wabulala ubaba wakhe, wamfaka emzimbeni odongeni lwedamu. Umfowabo kaKasyapa uMugalan, ozelwe yindlovukazi, ulishiyile izwe, kodwa wafunga isifungo sokuziphindiselela. ENingizimu India, uMugalan waqoqa ibutho futhi, lapho ebuyela eSri Lanka, wamemezela impi nomfowabo ongekho emthethweni. Ngesikhathi somzabalazo, amasosha akhaphela uKassapa, futhi yena, ebona ukungabi nathemba kwesimo sakhe, wazibulala.

Kukhona inguqulo amasosha angazange amshiye ngamabomu umholi wawo. Phakathi nempi elandelayo, indlovu kaKasyapa ngokungazelelwe yaphendukela kolunye uhlangothi. Amasosha athatha lo mkhankaso njengesinqumo senkosi sokubaleka aqala ukuhlehla. UKassapa, eshiywe yedwa, kodwa eziqhenya futhi enganqikazi, wahosha inkemba yakhe wamnquma umphimbo.

Ukuvubukula kanye nokutholwa okumangazayo

I-Sigiriya (i-Lion Rock) yatholwa nguJonathan Forbes yisosha laseBrithani ngo-1831. Ngaleso sikhathi, phezulu kwentaba kwakugcwele kakhulu izihlahla, kepha ngokushesha kwaheha ukunakwa ngabavubukuli nezazi-mlando.

Ukumba kokuqala kwaqala eminyakeni engama-60 kamuva ngo-1890. Ukumba okugcwele kwenziwa njengengxenye yephrojekthi yombuso weSri Lankan Cultural Triangle.

ISigiriya iyidolobha elidala kunawo wonke elakhiwa ngekhulu lesi-5. Indawo yomlando neyokuvubukula iqukethe:

• isigodlo esicongweni seLion Rock;
• amasimu namasango, atholakala cishe maphakathi nentaba;
• udonga olubunjiwe oluhlotshiswe ngemidwebo emikhulu;
• izigodlo eziphansi ezifihlwe ngemuva kwezingadi ezinhle;
• imisele enemigodi eyenza umsebenzi wokuvikela.

Abavubukuli baphawula ukuthi iSigiriya Fortress (i-Lion Rock) eSri Lanka ingesinye sezakhiwo eziteleka kakhulu emhlabeni, ezisukela enkulungwaneni yokuqala yeminyaka futhi zigcinwe kahle. Uhlelo lomuzi luyamangaza ngokuhlukahluka okumangalisayo kwalesosikhathi nokucabanga okungafani. Ngokuhambisana necebo, idolobha lihlanganisa ngokuvumelanayo ukulinganisa nokulinganisa, izakhiwo ezakhiwe ngumuntu zilukelwe ngobuciko ezweni elizungezile, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa nakancane. Engxenyeni esentshonalanga yentaba kukhona ipaki yasebukhosini, eyadalwa ngohlelo oluqinile lokulinganisa. Kwenziwe inethiwekhi yezobuchwepheshe eyinkimbinkimbi yezakhiwo zamanzi nokubamba izitshalo zokunisela kule ndawo epaki. Engxenyeni eseningizimu yedwala kukhona umthombo wamanzi wokufakelwa, owawusetshenziswa ngentshiseko enkulu, ngoba iNtaba iSigiriya itholakala engxenyeni eyomile yesiqhingi esiluhlaza saseSri Lanka.

Amafresco

Umthambeka osentshonalanga weLion Rock yinto eyingqayizivele - icishe imbozwe ngokuphelele ngemidwebo yakudala. Kungakho ubuso begquma bubizwa ngegalari enkulu yobuciko.

Esikhathini esedlule, imidwebo ibimboza yonke imithambeka evela ohlangothini olusentshonalanga, futhi lena indawo engamamitha-skwele angama-5600. Ngokusho kwenguqulo eyodwa, amantombazane angu-500 aboniswa emifanekisweni. Ubunikazi babo abukasungulwa; imithombo ehlukene iqukethe imicabango ehlukile. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi amafresco aqukethe izithombe zezintokazi zasenkantolo, abanye bakholelwa ukuthi lawa ngamantombazane abamba iqhaza emasikweni enkolo ethile. Ngeshwa, imidwebo eminingi ilahlekile.

Udonga lwesibuko nendlela eya emafresco

Ngesikhathi sokubusa kukaKasyapa, udonga lwalupholishwa njalo ukuze inkosi, ehamba ngalo, ikwazi ukuzibona. Udonga lwakhiwe ngezitini futhi lumbozwe ngoplasta omhlophe. Uhlobo lwesimanje lodonga lumbozwe ngokwengxenye ngamavesi ahlukahlukene nemiyalezo. Kukhona nemibhalo eqoshiwe odongeni lweLion Rock eyaqala ngekhulu lesi-8. Manje akunakwenzeka ukushiya umlayezo odongeni, ukuvinjelwa kwethulwe ukuvikela imibhalo yasendulo.

Izingadi zaseSigiriya

Lesi ngesinye sezici eziyinhloko zeSigiriya, njengoba izingadi ziphakathi kwezingadi ezindala ezihlelwe kabusha emhlabeni. Isakhiwo sensimu sinezingxenye ezintathu.

Izingadi zamanzi

Zitholakala engxenyeni esentshonalanga yeLion Rock. Kunezingadi ezintathu lapha.

• Ingadi yokuqala izungezwe ngamanzi, exhunywe nensimu yesigodlo nenqaba yezinqaba ngokusebenzisa amadamu ama-4. Okuhlukile ukuthi yakhelwe ngokuya ngemodeli endala kakhulu futhi kunezibalo ezimbalwa kakhulu ezisindile kuze kube namuhla.
• Ingadi yesibili izungezwe amachibi lapho kugeleza khona imifudlana. Kukhona imithombo ngesimo sezitsha eziyindilinga, igcwaliswa ngohlelo lwe-hydraulic olungaphansi komhlaba. Ngesikhathi semvula, imithombo isebenza. Ezinhlangothini zombili zensimu kuneziqhingi lapho kwakhiwa khona izigodlo zasehlobo.
• Ingadi yesithathu itholakala ngaphezu kwezimbili zokuqala. Engxenyeni yalo esenyakatho-mpumalanga kunebheseni elikhulu le-octagonal. Engxenyeni esempumalanga yensimu kukhona udonga lwenqaba.

Izingadi zamatshe

Lawa ngamatshe amakhulu anezindlela zokuhamba phakathi kwawo. Izingadi zamatshe zingatholakala ngaphansi kweNtaba yeNgonyama, ngasemithambekeni. Amatshe makhulu kangangokuba izakhiwo zakhelwe iningi lawo. Baphinde benza umsebenzi wokuzivikela - lapho izitha zihlasela, bacindezelwa phansi kwabahlaseli.

Izingadi ezihlanganisiwe

Lawa ngamathala azungeze iwa ezindaweni eziphakeme zemvelo. Ngokwengxenye zenziwe ngezindonga zezitini. Ungangena kusuka engadini eyodwa uye kwenye ngezitebhisi zamatshe amatshe amatshe, lapho ulandela umgwaqo oya endaweni ephakeme kakhulu yeSigiriya Castle eSri Lanka.

Ufika kanjani lapho

Ungaya kokukhangayo kusuka kunoma yimuphi umuzi esiqhingini, kepha kuzofanela ushintshe izitimela eDambulla. Ukusuka eDambulla kuya eSigiriya kunendlela ejwayelekile yamabhasi engu-549/499. Izindiza zisuka ku-6-00 ziye ku-19-00. Uhambo luthatha imizuzu engama-40 kuphela.

Imizila engenzeka eya eSigiriya

1. IColombo - Dambulla - Sigiriya. Lo mzila ulula kakhulu ngoba ungathenga ithikithi lesithuthi esivamile esinomoya opholile. Isibalo esikhulu samabhasi sisuka eColombo siya eDambulla esidumile.
2. IMatara - Colombo - Dambulla - Sigiriya. Kukhona ukuxhumana kwesitimela namabhasi ukusuka eMatara kuya eColomba. Uhambo luthatha cishe amahora angu-4,5. Futhi, kusukela esiteshini samabhasi eMatara, inombolo yebhasi engu-2/48 isuka iye endaweni yokudlulisela, izindiza ezinomoya opholile zizokuyisa eDambulla emahoreni ayi-8. Izindiza ezifanayo zingasetshenziswa uma usePanadura naseTangalle.
3. Kandy - Dambulla - Sigiriya. Amabhasi asuka kuKandy agijima kusuka ekuseni kakhulu kuze kube ngu-21-00. Ungafika lapho ngezindiza eziningi, ubheke inombolo ngqo esiteshini.

4. Anuradhapura - Dambulla - Sigiriya. Kusuka e-Anuradhapura, kunemizila engu-42-2, 43 no-69 / 15-8.
5. I-Trincomalee - Dambulla - Sigiriya. Amabhasi amabili ajwayelekile aya endaweni yokudlulisela - uNombolo 45 no-49.
6. Polonnaruwa - Dambulla - Sigiriya. Ungafika endaweni yokudlulisa ngamabhasi ajwayelekile uNombolo 41-2, 46, 48/27 no-581-3.
7. I-Arugam Bey - Monaragala - Dambulla - Sigiriya. E-Arugam Bay udinga ukuthatha ibhasi 303-1, uhambo luthatha amahora ama-2,5. Ngemuva kwalokho eMonaragal udinga ukudlulisela kunombolo yebhasi engu-234 noma engu-68/580.

Qhathanisa amanani entengo yokuhlala usebenzisa leli Fomu

Amaqiniso Athandekayo

1. Ngokwenye yezinganekwane, uKasyapa waphathisa ubaba wakhe ephila edamini lapho ethola ukuthi akacebile njengoba wayebonakala.
2. Ubufakazi bokubonakala kokuqala komuntu eSigiriya butholakale e-Aligala grotto, etholakala empumalanga yenqaba yezintaba. Lokhu kufakazela ukuthi abantu bakule ndawo baphila cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezinhlanu edlule.
3. Isango lasentshonalanga yeSigiriya Castle, elihle kakhulu futhi likanokusho, livunyelwe kuphela ukusetshenziswa ngamalungu omndeni wasebukhosini.

4. INtaba iSigiriya eSri Lanka ukwakheka kwedwala okwakhiwa kusuka kumagma wentaba-mlilo eyake yasebenza. Namuhla ibhujisiwe.
5. Ochwepheshe baqaphela inqubo eyingqayizivele lapho kwenziwa yonke imidwebo - imigqa isetshenziswe ngendlela ekhethekile yokunikeza imidwebo ivolumu. Upende usetshenzisiwe ngemivimbo eshanela ngokucindezela kohlangothi olulodwa ukuze umbala ucebe emaphethelweni wesithombe. Ngokwamasu, amafresco afana nalawo atholakala emigedeni yase-India i-Ajanta.
6. Ochwepheshe baseSri Lankan bafunde amavesi nemibhalo engaphezu kuka-680 eyenziwe odongeni phakathi kwekhulu lesi-8 nele-10 A.D.
7. Izingadi zamanzi eziyinkimbinkimbi zitholakala ngokulingana maqondana nesiqondiso sempumalanga nentshonalanga. Engxenyeni esentshonalanga zixhunywe ngumsele, naseningizimu echibini lokuzenzela. Amachibi ezingadi ezintathu axhumene nenethiwekhi yamapayipi angaphansi komhlaba.

8. Amatshe amakhulu, namuhla ayinsimu yamatshe, asetshenziswa phambilini ukulwa nesitha - aphonswa eweni lapho ibutho lesitha lisondela eSigiriya.
9. Isimo sebhubesi sesango sakhethwa ngesizathu. Ibhubesi liwuphawu lweSri Lanka, oluvezwe kuzimpawu zombuso futhi luchaza ukhokho wamaCeylonia.

Kuyathakazelisa! Ukukhuphukela phezulu kweLion Rock kuthatha amahora amabili ngokwesilinganiso. Endleleni, ngokuqinisekile uzohlangana nemihlambi yezinkawu zasendle ezicela ukwenzelwa izivakashi.

Imininingwane ewusizo kubavakashi

Imali yokungena:

• abadala - ama-rupee angama-4500, cishe ama- $ 30;
• izingane - ama-rupees angama-2250, cishe ama- $ 15.

Kungenwa mahhala ezinganeni ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-6.

Isigodlo esinamadwala imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi kusuka ku-7: 00 kuye ku-18-00. Amahhovisi amathikithi avulwa kuze kube ngu-17-00 kuphela.

Isivakashi sithola ithikithi eliqukethe izingxenye ezintathu ezitholakalayo. Ingxenye ngayinye inika ilungelo lokuvakashela:

• umnyango omkhulu;
• udonga lwesibuko;
• imnyuziyamu.

Kubalulekile! Ukuboniswa emnyuziyamu kubuthakathaka futhi akuhehi kangako, ngakho-ke awudingi ngisho nokuchitha isikhathi ukuvakashela.

Isikhathi esihle sohambo sisuka ku-7: 00, lapho kungekho khona ukushisa okukhandlayo. Ungabona futhi ukukhanga ngemuva kwesidlo sasemini - ngo-15-00, lapho inani lezivakashi lincipha. Qiniseka ukuthi uhamba namanzi, ngoba kuzodingeka uhambe okungenani amahora ama-3, futhi amanzi awathengiswa endaweni eyinkimbinkimbi.

Izimo zezulu ezihamba phambili zokuvakashela iSigiriya zivela ngoDisemba kuya ku-Ephreli noma phakathi nehlobo kuya kuSepthemba. Ngalesi sikhathi, akuvamile ukuba nezimvula engxenyeni emaphakathi yeSri Lanka, isimo sezulu sihle kakhulu ngokuvakashela isigodlo. Imvula eningi iba ngo-Ephreli nangoNovemba.

Kubalulekile! Ukuzijabulisa okuthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabavakashi ukubuka ukuphuma kwelanga eSigiriya. Ngenxa yalokhu, isikhathi esicacile sikhethiwe ukuze isibhakabhaka singambozwa ngamafu.

I-Sigiriya (iSri Lanka) - isakhiwo sasendulo edwaleni, esaziwa njengesivakashelwa kakhulu esiqhingini. Lesi yisikhumbuzo esiyingqayizivele somlando wokwakha esingathandwa namuhla.

Ividiyo enentshisekelo enemininingwane ewusizo - yibuke uma ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngeSigiriya.

Bukela ividiyo: සගරය රහස දරටව වස සපයට ලක ව ඇස අනධ ව සය - Blind Man Reveals Secret Of Sigiriya (Septhemba 2024).