Isigodlo sangesikhathi esidlule samaMoor eSintra
ICastle of the Moors yisakhiwo sangezikhathi zakudala esakhiwe phezulu kwegquma elihle elibheke eSintra ePortugal. Le nqaba yanqotshwa ngamaKrestu avela kumaMoor futhi phakathi neminyaka yokubuyiselwa emuva (ukubuya kwamazwe amaPutukezi) kwakuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi namuhla inqaba ibukeka njengeyincithakalo, umoya omangalisayo wezinkathi ezedlule, ubukhulu namandla enqaba igcinwe lapha. Isigodlo saseMoorish sibalwe njengendawo eyiGugu Lomhlaba le-UNESCO.
Umbono wobukhosi wangempela uvuleka kusuka ekuphakameni kwezindonga zenqaba, ngenxa yokuthi izivakashi eziningi zivakashela okukhangayo. Ukusuka lapha ungabona lonke idolobha laseSintra, ubukhulu bolwandle, izigodi ezimbozwe uhlaza nenqaba yaseMafra.
Uhambo lomlando
Ngekhulu lesi-8 A.D. insimu yeNhlonhlo Yamanje yase-Iberia yayibuswa amaSulumane. Ngasentshonalanga, bakha inqaba yokuzivikela futhi basungula indawo yokuhlala encane. Isiza sokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sikhethwe ngokufanelekile. Izindonga zenqaba kwakuyindawo yokubuka lapho imizila emikhulu - umhlaba nolwandle, okuxhumanisa iSintra neLisbon, iMafra neCascais kwakulawulwa khona.
Imihlaba evundile yayitholakala ezansi kwegquma. Ngasikhathi sinye, amadwala azungeze isigodlo akha ukuvikela okungokwemvelo futhi enza le nqaba ukuba ingavikeleki ezitheni. Indawo yayo yayingamamitha-skwele ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12, nobude bezindonga eceleni komjikelezo kwakungamamitha angama-450.
Ngekhulu le-12, umzabalazo wamandla wenziwa phakathi kwamaMoor, yilawo iNkosi yasePortugal u-Afonso Henriques asizakala ngawo, ngokunqoba ngempumelelo isigodlo eLisbon, ngemuva kwalokho amaMoor ashiya iSintra.
Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi!
Ngokusho kwenye yezinganekwane, amaMoor ayengalindelanga ingcindezi enjalo evela kumabutho enkolo futhi, enethemba lokubuyisa umhlaba, wanikela isigodlo eSintra ngaphandle kokulwa futhi washiya ingcebo emhumeni. Izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuthi le nganekwane kungenzeka ukuthi iyiqiniso elingokoqobo lomlando, ngoba igquma laseSintra linezikhala ezelulekayo ngaphansi kwalo lonke ugu lolwandle. Kungenzeka ukuthi amaMoor asebenzise lezi zinyathelo ukushiya isigodlo singanakile.
Lesi sakhiwo siqiniswe ngamandla amaPutukezi, kwakhiwa isonto. Ensimini yenqaba kwakukhona njalo iqembu elihlomile lamasosha abantu abangu-30. Inkosi ilindele ukubuya kwamaMoor futhi yasebenzisa isigodlo njengendawo yokubheka. Umsebenzi omkhulu wekamu ukwazisa amasosha aseLisbon ngesitha esisondelayo.
Ngekhulu le-13th, uSintra wayevakashelwa njalo ngamalungu omndeni wasebukhosini, kepha-ke, abasebukhosini bakhetha ukuhlala esigodlweni sikanokusho sikazwelonke. Isigodlo samaMoor sasizincisha ngokweqile futhi silula kubo.
Kancane kancane, inqaba yamaMoor iwela ekonakaleni futhi ihlala ishiywe amakhulu eminyaka. Izinhlekelele zemvelo zasheshisa ukuxazululwa - umbani washaya igumbi lezinqaba. Kwathi ngo-1755 kwaba nokuzamazama komhlaba okwacekela phansi le nqaba.
Ngekhulu le-19, ukuthandana kwathandwa kakhulu, kwaqala ukubuyiselwa okusebenzayo kweMors Castle eSintra. Inkosi yasePortugal uFernando II yaqala ukwakhiwa okukhulu kwePena Palace nePaki. Ukwenza lokhu, wathenga wonke umhlaba oseduze, kufaka phakathi isigodlo samaMoor, wakhokha ngaphezulu kwama-200 reais ngayo yonke into. Inkosi yayinothando, ehambisana nokuguqulwa kwenqaba: izindonga zamatshe zabuyiselwa, izihlahla zatshalwa futhi izindlela zenziwa ngcono.
Qaphela! Isigodlo sisegqumeni, ngakho-ke kuvame ukuba nomoya lapha, thatha izingubo ezifudumele uhambe nazo.
Inqaba yamaMoor namuhla
Kakade maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, le nqaba yaqoqwa ngokuphelele yabuyiselwa. Ukuvubukulwa kwezinto zakudala kwenziwa endaweni yayo, ngenxa yalokho kwatholakala imingcwabo yasendulo. Lapho kuphakama umbuzo mayelana nokulondolozwa kwezinsalela zokubaluleka kukazwelonke, iziphathimandla zakha iphrojekthi ekhethekile, ngaphakathi kohlaka okwakhiwa ngalo kabusha isakhiwo. Isimo senqaba siyathandeka impela, sikuthatha sikwenze esikhathini esidlule futhi sikwenze ukhohlwe yiqiniso.
Manje ensimini castle kukhona cafe, isikhungo ulwazi izivakashi, izindlu zangasese. Ukunakwa ikakhulukazi kwanikezwa ukuphepha kwabavakashi - izindlela zabahamba ngezinyawo nezitebhisi ziyalinganiselwa, kufakwa ujantshi wokuvikela kanye nemikhawulo.
Isigodlo samaMoor siqukethe izingxenye ezimbili:
- inqaba uqobo lwayo;
- amasistimu ezinqaba atholakala eduze kwesakhiwo.
Okokuqala, izivakashi zidlula esangweni. Umzila ojikayo uholela enqabeni, enwebeka phakathi kohlaza. Izindonga zasendulo zihlotshiswe ngezimpawu ezithile ezethusayo, kanti eduze kukhona amanxiwa esonto le-12th century.
Udonga oluhle kakhulu nenhle lwenqaba lusuka eRoyal Tower. Iphethe ifulegi eliluhlaza ngombhalo wase-Arabhu uSintra.
Kuyo yonke imibhoshongo yenqaba, amafulegi andiza ngokulandelana okuthile - kusukela kubhanna wokuqala kazwelonke kuye kowokugcina osetshenziswayo namuhla.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! Isibhengezo esibomvu sasiyisibonakaliso sezwe ngekhulu le-15, khona-ke inkosi ebusayo yalifaka ifulegi elimhlophe esikhundleni salo. Ngo-1834, imibala yefulegi lesizwe yayihlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokumhlophe, ngemuva kwalokho kwavela inguqulo yesimanje yesibhengezo, ekhona namuhla.
UMnumzana uFernando II wayevame ukukhuphuka iRoyal Tower, wayebabaza ubuhle bendawo futhi ethanda ukudweba. Buqamama ungabona i-Atlantic Ocean, nangakolunye uhlangothi - ubuciko obuyingqayizivele besiteleka iPena Palace.
Eduze nomnyango kukhona isonto elincane laseSan Pedro. Odongeni engxenyeni eseningizimu yesonto kukhona umnyango omise okwe-arch, ohlotshiswe ngezinsika futhi uhlotshiswe ngemihlobiso yezimbali nezithombe zezilwane zasetiyelini.
Imininingwane ewusizo
Ungavakashela i-Moors Castle ePortugal nsuku zonke kusuka ku-10-00 kuye ku-18-00, ihora ngaphambi kokuphela komsebenzi iminyango yokukhanga ivaliwe. Izinsuku zokuphumula - Disemba 25 noJanuwari 1.
Izintengo zamathikithi:
- umuntu omdala - ama-euro angama-8;
- izingane (kusuka eminyakeni engu-6 kuya kwengu-17 ubudala) - 6.50 euro;
- kwabadala (ngaphezulu kwama-65) - 6.50 euros;
- ithikithi lomndeni (abadala abangu-2 nezingane ezi-2) - ama-euro angama-26.
- Kungenwa mahhala ezinganeni ezineminyaka engaphansi kwengu-6 ubudala.
Isiza esisemthethweni sokuheha yi-www.parquesdesintra.pt. Lapha ungacacisa imininingwane onentshisekelo kuyo futhi uthenge amathikithi online.
Izintengo ekhasini zingezikaJanuwari 2020.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokufika enqabeni ngokwakho:
- Fika ngenombolo yebhasi 434 - isitobhi siseduze kwesiteshi sesitimela saseSintra;
- ngesitimela esivela enhlokodolobha yasePortugal sisuka eziteshini zase-Oriente, i-Entrecampos noma i-Rossio, udinga ukuya eSintra, lapho-ke ungahamba ngezinyawo uye enqabeni noma uthathe itekisi;
- ngezinyawo - ukusuka enkabeni yeSintra kunemizila emibili yokuhamba enezimpawu - eyodwa enobude obungamamitha ayi-1770, enye ingamamitha ayi-2410;
- ngemoto - kusuka enhlokodolobha yasePortugal udinga ukulandela umgwaqo we-IC9, bese usuka enkabeni yeSintra ulandele izimpawu. Ukuxhumanisa kweGPS: 38º 47 ’24 .25 ”N 9º 23 ’21 .47” W
Amathiphu awusizo
- Ukukhuphukela enqabeni akuyona into elula kunazo zonke, ngakho-ke uma ungakulungele ngokomzimba, kungcono ukuqasha itekisi noma i-here-tuk. Ukubuka indawo nakho kuzodinga amandla. Futhi ungakhohlwa ngezicathulo ezintofontofo.
- Esizeni ungathenga amanzi futhi ube nesidlwana ku-cafe.
- Ukuvakashela isigodlo, kungcono ukhethe usuku olubalele ngaphandle kwenkungu. Kuzoba ukungakhululeki futhi kube yingozi ukuhamba phezu kwamatshe anamanzi, futhi ukubukwa kungcono kakhulu esimweni sezulu esicacile.
ICastle of the Moors akungabazeki ukuthi iyindawo ekhangayo eSintra, ePortugal. Umbono we-panoramic ovela ezindongeni zalesi sakhiwo uyamangalisa. Umlando wenqaba ungaphezu kweminyaka eyinkulungwane ubudala futhi ungawuthinta.
Yini enye ongayibona kuSintra - bona le vidiyo.