Izinhlobo zefenisha yokudlala yasenkulisa, izidingo eziyisisekelo

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Igugu langempela lezingane ukudlala ifenisha yenkulisa, lapho ingane ingafinyelela khona amaphupho ayo aqhakaze kakhulu. Ukuhlelwa kwendawo yokudlala kuyinqubo ebaluleke kakhulu, esiza esikhathini esizayo abafundi bamaqembu ukukhulisa amakhono abalulekile ezenhlalo ngendlela yokudlala.

Izinhlobo

Abaqambi banikela ngefenisha "eqondiswe ngokomsebenzi" yokudlala, izakhiwo zamamojula amaningi, enziwe ngokuya ngezici zeminyaka yezingane, ezinikela ekugqugquzelweni kwemisebenzi yokudlala - ukwamukelwa kwezindima, ukwenziwa kwama-algorithms:

emantombazaneni ungathola amakhishi, abalungisa izinwele, amakamelo okugqoka, amahhovisi odokotela, izibali zezitolo;
kubafana enkulisa, ifenisha yokudlala yezinkulisa ikhiqizwa ngendlela yamamojula we-transformer, lapho izingane zingahlanganisa khona imoto ngokuhlanganyela, izindonga zenqaba zingasebenzisana nayo.

Yonke ifenisha esenkulisa, ngaphandle noma ngaphakathi kufanele ithobele lonke uhlu lwezidingo zenhlanzeko nezenhlanzeko, iphephe kubafundi.

Ukukhethwa kwefenisha yezingane yokudlala yezinkulisa lapho uhlela indawo kuya ngezidingo zeFederal State Educational Standard, ngokuya ngeminyaka yabafundi, inani lezingane emaqenjini. Indima ebalulekile enqubweni yokuhlelelwa idlalwa ngumbono, isinyathelo sabazali - ingxenye yesimo singenziwa ngesandla, inqobo nje uma wonke amazinga egcinwa.

Ifenisha yamathoyizi yezingane ifaka phakathi ukuhlelwa kwamakhona emidlalo yokulingisa. Lapha, izindlu zamathoyizi ziba yingxenye ebalulekile lapho izingane zingaqonda khona amakhono abalulekile emphakathini ngendlela yokudlala. Ngasikhathi sinye, hhayi kuphela amantombazane, kodwa futhi nabafana bangadlala ezindlini - abokugcina bavame ukunikezwa indima yezivakashi ezeza ekuphuzeni itiye. "Indlu" yabafana ingafakwa isitayela njengegaraji, ibhuloho likakaputeni.

Ifenisha yokudlala enkulisa ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezilandelayo:

emgwaqweni - izindlu, amamojula anama-swings, amaslayidi, amabhokisi esanti;
ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi - izindlu zepulasitiki, amatende, amamojula wokulingisa, amamojula we-transformer.

Esimweni sokuqala, izakhiwo zimile. Yenziwe ngezinto ezingamelana nokushaqeka, ezimelana nomswakama - izinkuni, ipulasitiki, izakhiwo zensimbi. Izinto zidaywe ngobuningi noma kusetshenziswe ukumiswa okukhethekile, upende wokhuni noma wensimbi.

Esimweni lapho ifenisha yezingane ihloselwe ukusetshenziswa eqenjini, ingenziwa:

ngohlaka oluqinile, olungaguquguquki;
ngesimo samamojula awelekayo;
ifenisha yokudlala ephakanyisiwe yezingane, lapho abafundi bangakha khona osofa, izimoto, izikebhe neminye impahla yasendlini.

Izingcezu zefenisha nazo zivumela ukugcinwa kwamathoyizi ezingane.

Okomgwaqo

Ezinkulisa, ifenisha yezingane yokudlala ngaphandle yakhelwe ngokuyinhloko ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezingane hhayi kuphela zokuxhumana nokuxhumana, kodwa futhi nokwenza umsebenzi womzimba. Abakhiqizi banikela ngezakhiwo eziphelele ezenziwe ngokuya ngezidingo zeSanPin, ukuphepha kwemvelo kanye nezici zokukhula kwengqondo kwezingane zasenkulisa. Uma abazali bethatha ukuhlelwa kwenkundla yokudlala, befuna ukuhlomisa inkundla yokudlala ngezandla zabo, udinga ukufaka ukwesekwa kukachwepheshe owazi amazinga nezidingo zokuphepha. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ifenisha yokudlala, njengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni, kufanele ibe nalezi zimfanelo ezilandelayo:

ukuzinza, ukulungiswa okuthembekile phansi. Isimo sengqondo sezingane ngumsebenzi, ukuhamba, isifiso sokuzama, ukukhulula isakhiwo. Noma ngabe isilayidi, i-swing noma isigaba esinezindilinga ze-basketball - imodyuli kufanele ihlale inganyakazi, ivimbele isakhiwo singawi;
ukungabikho kwamakhona abukhali kungenye into ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukulimala;
into esetshenzisiwe ayizweli ukumelana nokushaqeka, okuqinisekisiwe ukumelana nomthwalo wesisindo omenyezelwe;
isakhiwo kufanele sibe nezinyathelo ezikahle ezingasheleli nezinsimbi, uthango oluthembekile;
izinto zokuhlobisa, ezinyakaziswayo zilungiswa ngokuvikelekile. Ama-articulations, ama-hinges, ama-bearings - avaliwe ukugwema ukuncinza izingubo, isikhumba sengane, iminwe;
izindawo kulula ukuzihlanza uma kunesidingo, ezingamelana nokuthuthwa kwendle.

Ifenisha yokudlala yangaphandle yezingane izoba yinsimu yangempela yezimangaliso, uma usondela kahle ekukhethweni nasekufakweni kwayo. Lapho ufaka ama-swings, izindlu, ama-slides, abantu abadala kufanele bakhumbule ukuthi, ngaphandle kokuqinisekiswa kwabakhiqizi ngokuphepha kwemikhiqizo, izingane kufanele zidlale ngaphandle ziqondiswe othisha.

Okwezakhiwo

Ifenisha yegumbi lokudlala lezingane, ngokusho kwezincomo zeFederal State Educational Standard, kufanele ibe nokusebenza okuningi, amandla okuguqula imvelo futhi inikele ekuthuthukiseni ukuqonda kwendawo, amakhono emoto, umcabango. Ukufeza umsebenzi wethoyizi, ifenisha kufanele ihlale iyifenisha ethembekile nephephile:

amatafula we-transformer, izihlalo, ama-racks amathoyizi, amamojula "izindawo zokucwala izinwele" kanye "namahhovisi odokotela" amantombazane, amagaraji nemikhumbi, izindlu zabafana, abakhiqizi benza ngezinto ezisezingeni eziqinisekisiwe - i-beech yemvelo, i-chipboard enamapulangwe, ipulangwe eligobile
ifreyimu yensimbi imbozwe ngopende we-polymer powder;
i-varnish eyenziwe ngamanzi ikhethwa njengokugqoka;
imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngamapaneli asekelwe ngokhuni noma ngepulasitiki kufanele ingabi nephunga, ingabi nazinto ezinobungozi ezingadala ukungakhululeki ezinganeni ezisegumbini noma kubangele ukungezwani komzimba;
amakhona abukhali aphikisiwe - izingxenye zezinhlaka kufanele ngabe zinezingxenye eziphumayo;
ifenisha yezingane ingaqukatha odilowa, izingxenye zamathoyizi, kuyilapho zonke izingxenye zilungiswe ngokuphephile, futhi izihlanganisi zivalwa ngokuvikelekile ngama-plugs. Azikho izinzipho noma izikrini.

Ifenisha yokudlala ephakanyisiwe yezingane yizinto eziyimodemu lapho ingane ingakha khona indlu, imoto yokudlala noma ukwakha enye into. Izinhlobonhlobo zokwakheka nokubunjwa kwalawa ma-module kuvumela izingane ukuthi zithole izinto ezingathatha indawo yamathoyizi futhi zibe nokuhlangenwe nakho okuhlukahlukene kakhulu.

Ifenisha esezingeni eliphezulu yezinkulisa ezisetshenziswa njengefenisha yokudlala ingaba ngezinhlobo ezintathu:

ifreyimu - ngesisekelo somkhiqizo ifreyimu eyenziwe ngensimbi noma ngokhuni okugcwalisa irabha eligwebu, eligcwaliswa ngendwangu ngaphezulu. Ngalezi zinhloso, umhlambi uvame ukusetshenziswa - umelana nokuhuzuka, kulula ukuwunakekela;
uhlobo olungenasici noma lokugcwalisa - olufana nesihlalo sesikhwama esaziwayo. IPenoplex njengokugcwalisa ikuvumela ukuthi unikeze imodyuli enjalo isikhwama ngokuphelele kunoma yisiphi isimo. Ezinganeni, lo mkhiqizo unikeza isilinganiso sangempela sokucabanga nokuzama. Le nketho kulula ukuyenza futhi abazali bangenza amamojula anjalo ngezandla zabo;
i-soft-padded - lapha, ngaphezu kwenjoloba ye-foam, basebenzisa isikhumba se-vinyl. Okokusebenza kulula ukukugcina, akunwebeki, futhi kubiza izindleko.

Kukhona ukulungiswa okunamasondo okuhamba. Lokhu kungaba yifenisha emise okwezilwane ingane engayigibela ngenkathi igibela. Kulokhu, okokunamathisela okunwebeka uma kwenzeka kuwa kuzothuthukisa umthelela ngokuthembekile.

Dlala izindawo

Ukuhlelwa kwesikhala sokudlala enkulisa kufanele kuhlinzeke ngala maphuzu alandelayo:

ithuba lemidlalo yangaphandle - kufanele kube nesikhala esanele sokuba izingane zikwazi ukusebenza;
ifenisha yemidlalo yokulingisa. Lokhu kufaka izindlu, izakhiwo zohlobo "lwasekhishini", lapho kunezinto zasekhishini, amasethi ezitsha nokudla, igumbi lezokwelapha lamathoyizi, indawo yokwenza izinwele, isitolo - noma i-rack enemibala enewindi, engaba ikhemisi neposi;
Ama-racks neziqukathi zamathoyizi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, omunye wemisebenzi ebalulekile yendawo yokudlala ukufundisa izingane uku-oda;
amabhodi akhethekile noma izingxenye zodonga ezinengubo egezekayo abafundi abangadweba kuyo.

Lapho uhlela isikhala, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi abafana bangasebenza kakhulu kunamantombazane. Izingane akufanele ziphazamisane ngesikhathi somdlalo.

Dlala izindlu

Abakhiqizi befenisha yokudlala banikela ngokukhethwa okukhulu kwezindlu zezingane zeminyaka ehlukene. Lezi kungaba izakhiwo "zasekhaya" nezangaphandle. Iningi lazo kulula ukuzihlanganisa, ngakho-ke namantombazane angakwazi ukuphatha le divayisi. Lokhu kubalulekile, ngoba imvamisa bangabasebenzi benkulisa:

amamodeli we-inflatable anconyelwa izingane ezincane. Awekho amakhona abukhali, phansi kusebenza njenge-trampoline. Izingane zizokujabulela ukugijima nokujaha ngaphakathi endlini enjalo. Enye indlela yindlu yetende ngesimo se-wigwam yaseNdiya noma itende elihle. Ububi bezinketho ezinjalo ukukhululeka nokungazinzi kwabo. Ngomsebenzi ophakeme, izingane zingakwazi ukukuguqula;
amakhadibhodi izindlu - efanelekayo izingane esezikhulile esezikhulile. Le miklamo ingapendwa, inikeze indlu ukubukeka okwakho;
izakhiwo zepulasitiki - ngokusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi zihlangene ngosayizi; izinketho zomgwaqo zinkulu, zingaba nezitezi ezimbili, izandiso ngendlela yama-slides, izintambo, isitebhisi noma ama-swings;
izindlu zamapulangwe - ezisetshenziswa emgwaqweni, zingaba yikhophi encishisiwe yendlu yamapulangwe noma umbhoshongo.

Lapho unaka okuthandwa yimodeli yendlu, qiniseka ukuthi ubheka izimo zokusebenza kwayo, iminyaka yabafundi, izidingo zabo. Noma ngabe imodeli ehlanganisiwe noma inguqulo evulekile enesikhala samathoyizi. Kumaqembu ahlanganisiwe, kungcono ukhethe ukwakheka kwendawo yonke okufanela imidlalo yabafana namantombazane.

Izinto zokukhiqiza

Ekhiqizeni ifenisha yokudlala eyenzelwe enkulisa, kusetshenziswa izinto ezahlukahlukene. Ngasikhathi sinye, kungakhathalekile ukuthi hlobo luni, isisekelo kufanele sibe semvelo, siphephe futhi sihlale isikhathi eside ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme.

Uhlobo lwento	Ukuqokwa	Izibonelo zokusebenzisa	Izinzuzo	yokuntula
Izinkuni	Izakhiwo zangaphandle / ifenisha yezindawo zokudlala.	Dlala izindlu, amajingi, amabhokisi esanti. Ama-Racks, amamojula.	Eco-friendly, umoya omncane esimweni sendlu, iqine.	Kudinga ukudweba okujwayelekile, ukwelashwa ngokufakelwa lapho kufakwa ngaphandle.
Ipulasitiki	Izakhiwo zangaphandle, zasendlini.	Dlala izindlu, amaswidi, amabhokisi esanti, amaslayidi, amamojula.	I-Eco-friendly, isondlo esiphansi, i-shockproof, ingahlanganiswa kalula futhi ihlukaniswe.	Emazingeni okushisa aphansi (-18^mayelanaC) ukuguqulwa kungenzeka.
I-Pvc	Umgwaqo / izakhiwo.	Dlala izindlu trampolines, amaslayidi, imigudu.	I-lightweight, elastic, ayikho amakhona abukhali, ekhanyayo, izingane ezifana. Ifanele abantu abasha.	Uma ikhwalithi yempahla iphansi, kungahle kube nephunga elingathandeki, ukukhishwa kwama-allergen.
Chipboard, MDF, chipboard	Ukusetshenziswa kwangaphakathi.	Amashalofu, amamojula, ozimele.	Okomnotho, impahla eqinile, ukumelana nokugqoka. Amandla okwenza izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.	Kwangathi kungakhipha izinto eziyingozi ezephula ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza.
Irabha elinamagwebu, i-polystyrene enwetshiwe	Izindawo zasendlini.	Ukugcwalisa ifenisha yokudlala ephakanyisiwe.	Nikeza izakhi zekhwalithi ephezulu, ugcine ukwakheka kwayo.	Banempilo ethile yokusebenza. Ngemuva kwalokho kumele zishintshwe.

Ukukhiqizwa kwefenisha yezikhungo zasenkulisa kulawulwa ngokuqinile. Abakhiqizi bazibophezela ukulandela amazinga we-GOST asunguliwe futhi banemibhalo eqinisekisa ikhwalithi nokuphepha kwezinto ezisetshenzisiwe.

I-Pvc

Uhlelo

Ipulasitiki

Chipboard

MDF

Irabha elinamagwebu

Izidingo zefenisha yezingane

Ifenisha yezingane esetshenziselwa ukuhlomisa indawo yokudlala esikhungweni senkulisa kufanele ihlangabezane namazinga asunguliwe we-GOST, ibe nobungani bemvelo futhi ihambisane nezincomo zeSanPin. Lapho uthenga umkhiqizo, kufanele kufakwe yonke imibhalo ehambisana nayo nezitifiketi:

izakhiwo zezinto akufanele zibe nama-burrs, amakhona abukhali, iziqhobosho ezivelayo;
zonke izinto zokubopha zilungiswe ngokuvikelekile futhi zifihlwe ngamakhokho kanye nama-plugs;
ukumbozwa ngopende wemibala emnandi, akukho phunga noma amamaki ezingutsheni noma esikhunjeni lapho kuthintwa;
yonke imiphetho icutshungulwa ngokucophelela;
ifenisha kufanele isebenze ngemisebenzi eminingi, ngokusiza kakhulu ukonga isikhala, okubalulekile emakamelweni amancane;
imiklamo kufanele icabangele izici zeminyaka yezingane.

Ukwakhiwa kwefenisha nakho kubalulekile. Kufanele kukhange ezinganeni, kuzikhuthaze ukuthi zidlale, zisebenzise izinto zamamojula.

Imithetho yokukhetha

Namuhla imakethe inikeza izinketho eziningi zokudlala ifenisha. Lapho ukhetha izakhiwo namamojula wokuhlela indawo yokudlala enkulisa, landela le mithetho elandelayo:

umenzi kufanele abe nedumela elihle nezibuyekezo. Okufanelekile, kufanele agxile kuphela ekukhiqizeni noma ekuhlinzekeni ifenisha yezingane. Kulokhu, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi umthengisi azi kahle imininingwane yomsebenzi kanye nezidingo zemishini yezikhungo zasenkulisa;
qiniseka ukuthi imikhiqizo ekhethiwe inezitifiketi zekhwalithi nezokuphepha;
ukwakheka okukhethiwe kufanele kuhambisane neqembu lobudala kanye nokukhula kwengqondo kwezingane;
uma kungenakwenzeka ukuthenga izinketho ezihlukile zamantombazane nabafana, khetha inketho yendawo yonke;
hlola okokusebenza, cela imiyalo eningiliziwe yokufakwa nokusebenza kwezakhiwo;
nikeza okuthandwa ngamagama onganikeza ukunakekelwa okufanele.

Ekhethwe ngayo yonke imigomo engqondweni, ifenisha yokudlala izoba ngumthombo omuhle wokwakha nokucabanga kwabafundi. Izingane zizokujabulela ukudlala nokuguqula isikhala zisebenzisa amathuba nezici zezakhiwo.