I-Cacti: izinhlobo, ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya, ukuzalanisa, izeluleko nezifo
I-cactus iyinhlobo yezitshalo zasekhaya ezithandwayo. Imbali itholakala cishe kunoma iliphi ikhaya, futhi uma kukhulunywa ngezindawo lapho zithanda khona izitshalo zasendlini, ama-cacti akhona ngobuningi bawo. Ukunakekelwa kwasekhaya kwe-cacti kulula futhi kulula ngangokunokwenzeka.
Izitshalo ezivela emndenini we-cactus wezinhlobo eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili, ezihlukile:
- ubukhulu;
- umbala;
- ifomu.
I-Cacti ingama-succulents. Bagcina amanzi nezakhamzimba ngenxa yezindwangu ezikhethekile. Kusatshalaliswa ezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esomile nesomile, lapho imvula ingavamile khona.
Lesi sici siyinzuzo, ngoba impahla yokugcina amanzi yenza ukugcinwa kube lula. Phakathi kwezinye iziphuzo, izitshalo ezifana nalezi:
- Isihlahla Semali;
- inhlaba.
Izimila kulula ukuzinakekela futhi azidingi ukuchelela njalo.
Esinye isici esibalulekile sabashukela ukukwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo. Ziyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nanoma iziphi izimo, zihlala isikhathi eside futhi azipheli, noma ngabe umnikazi akhohliwe ngazo iminyaka eminingana, okungenakushiwo ngeCroton.
ICacti ayidingi ukukhanyisa okuqhubekayo noma izimo zokushisa ezizinzile. Ukuphela kwento engathinta kabi lesi simo ingcindezi ebangelwa ukunganakwa. Ukugwema lokhu, bambelela emithethweni.
Ukunakekela i-cacti ekhaya
Ukunakekela imbali kulula uma ulandela imithetho ehlobene nokwakha izimo ezikahle. Naka:
- izinga lokushisa nelanga;
- ukuchelela;
- isimo somhlabathi;
- ukondla nokufaka kabusha.
Izinga lokushisa nelanga
Iningi lama-succulents lithanda ukukhanya nokufudumala, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi i-cactus kufanele igcinwe elangeni. Ihambise emthunzini ngezikhathi ezithile, kungenjalo izoshiswa. Endle, i-cacti ikhula emthunzini wezihlahla noma izihlahla ezinde, kepha kunezinhlobo ezitholakala elangeni, ezingabalimazi. Izimo ezinhle kakhulu ukushisa komoya okufudumele. Ngezinsuku ezishisayo, susa emthunzini, futhi ngemuva kokushisa kokushisa, buyela ekukhanyeni.
Lungisa ukushisa okuvela elangeni kuye ngeminyaka yakho. Gcina izinsizwa elangeni zingaphansi kwabantu abadala.
Ukunisela
Izitshalo azithandi umswakama owedlulele. Lokhu kusobala ngoba ama-cacti aguqulelwa ezimeni ezishisayo nezomile. Amanzi kancane, futhi emva kokuchelela, qiniseka ukuthi inhlabathi yomile ngokuphelele. Kulula ukuhlola isimo senhlabathi - beka umentshisi noma induku encane kuwo. I-3 cm yokuqala kufanele yomile. Kuphela-ke bese uphinde unisele isitshalo. Cabanga ngezici zenhlabathi. Kwesinye isikhathi inhlabathi eyomile iyawaxosha amanzi futhi ayiwamunci. Sebenzisa amathreyi ebhodwe avumela ukondliwa okuphansi kwezimpande.
Inani lamanzi elidingeka kakhulu ku-cacti ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza noma ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo. Imvamisa, ukukhula kuqala entwasahlobo futhi kuqhubeke kuze kube sehlobo. Ebusika nasekwindla, ungakhathazeki ngokunisela njengoba kungenasidingo.
Ekwindla nasebusika, nisela njalo emavikini angu-3-4, futhi inani lamanzi kufanele libe lincane ukuze nje umanzise umhlabathi. Ngokusobala, kulezi zikhathi zonyaka, ukunakekela i-cacti kuba lula.
Khumbula, usebenzisa izimbiza ezingenawo umgodi wokuhambisa amanzi, dala umswakama owedlulele wesitshalo futhi sizofa.
Ukuncoma
Ngezitshalo, kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise izinhlobo ezilula zenhlabathi. Izitini zezitini zilungele ukuhlanganiswa nokugcwaliswa okujwayelekile kokubhaka. Sebenzisa:
- amatshe;
- imfucumfucu
- izinhlobo ezifanayo zenhlabathi.
Ezitshalweni zasendlini, sebenzisa u-1/3 wezitini chips kusuka ku-2/3 wenhlabathi yokubumba. Uma izitshalo zingaphandle, khulisa isilinganiso semvuthuluka siye ku-1 kuye ku-1 ukudala indawo enhle.
Izitolo zengadi zidayisa ama-cactus primers. Lapho ukhetha, cabanga ngezimo ezikhulayo nobudala be-cactus.
Ukugcwaliswa komanyolo
Akudingekile ukusebenzisa umanyolo, ngoba ukukhula kwenziwa ngaphandle kwawo. Ngincoma ukufaka umanyolo emhlabathini, njengakwisimo sedracaena, ngezikhathi zokukhula. Sebenzisa umanyolo wezitshalo zasendlini kanye nomanyolo ophilayo. Okukhethwa kukho okungcono kakhulu umanyolo kuma-granules, onomphumela omuhle esimweni senhlabathi futhi ondla ngezinto eziwusizo.
Amathiphu Wevidiyo
Dlulisa
Iningi lama-succulent anezimpande ezingenasisekelo, ezibalulekile lapho kufakelwa kabusha. Ngikweluleka ukuthi utshale kabusha i-cactus embizeni ehluke kunangaphambili ngosayizi. Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, unganiseli imbali izinsuku ezimbalwa, okuzokwenza ukuthi izindawo zokugcina umswakama zisebenze futhi zilaphe izimpande ezonakalisiwe. Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, angikukhuthazi ukubeka ibhodwe elangeni eliqondile. Khulisa inani lamanzi nokukhanya kwelanga kancane kancane.
Izinhlobonhlobo
ICacti yehlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili:
- ihlathi;
- ehlane.
Abamele bazo zombili izinhlobo bangasetshenziswa njengezitshalo zasendlini, ngoba ngayinye inezinhlobo ezihlukile ezizosiza noma yikuphi ukuqoqwa kwekhaya. Ugwadule i-cacti yizitshalo ezinameva ezikhula ezindaweni ezomile. I-Forest cacti ikhula emahlathini ezindaweni ezishisayo nezishisayo. Abamele bazo zombili izinhlobo banezimbali ezinhle, kepha bahlukile kuzici zokukhula nokunakekelwa.
Ugwadule cacti
I-cacti yasogwadule iyathandwa ngokugcinwa kwayo okulula nokuzalanisa. Ngaphandle kokuthi abaningi babheka isitshalo esinjalo njengesingemnandi futhi esiyingozi ngenxa yameva, ngiyabona ukuthi ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza baba bahle ngendlela emangalisayo. Izimbali zokuqala zivela eminyakeni engu-3-4 emva kokutshala. Kwezinye izinhlobo, umnqamulajuqu kwesinye isikhathi ubambezeleka.
Ukukhanyisa
Isici esithonya impilo ukukhanyisa. Ugwadule i-cacti idinga ukukhanya kwelanga. Hlakanipha ngokukhanyisa, futhi ungakushiyi elangeni isikhathi eside. Kancane kancane "yenza lukhuni" isitshalo, usishiye elangeni isikhathi eside.
ICacti ikhula ngentshiseko kakhulu ekushiseni kwama-degree angama-21 nezinga eliphansi lomswakama. Ebusika, izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe kwehlela ku- +13 degrees. Indawo yemvelo ihlinzeka ngamazinga okushisa aphezulu emini futhi aphansi ebusuku.
Ukunisela
Ukunisela kwenziwa kuphela lapho inhlabathi isomile yajula ngamasentimitha amathathu ebusweni. Kungcono ukutshala ezimbizeni ezikhethiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusakazwa komswakama emhlabathini futhi kuthuthukise ukugxila komoya. Ukufakelwa ebhodweni elisha akuvamile, ngoba i-cactus ikhula kancane. Ukusebenzisa amabhodwe amancane kusheshisa ukuqhakaza kwezimbali.
Amaphutha okuzala
Phakathi kwamaphutha ajwayelekile enziwa ngabanikazi be-cactus ogwadule amanzi amaningi ngokweqile ngesikhathi sasebusika. Ebusika, cishe awadingi amanzi, futhi ukuchelela ngenani eliphansi kwenzelwa ukuvimbela inhlabathi nezimpande ukuthi zingomi.
Ngenxa yamanzi amaningi, izimpande zibola, futhi uma inqubo isiqalile, ngincoma ukuqala ukutshala isitshalo esisha ngisebenzisa amahlumela esidala. Uma engekho amahlumela, lahla i-cactus, ngoba ngenxa yokubola ngeke ikwazi ukukhula futhi iqhakaze futhi izofa.
Ihlathi le-cacti
I-Forest cacti ijwayelekile emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo. Zikhula kwezinye izitshalo. Izinhlobo zamahlathi zaziwa ngemibala yazo egqamile. Ngezindlela eziningi, ziyefana ekunakekelweni kwezinhlobo zasogwadule, kepha kukhona umehluko okufanele ucabangele ukuzalanisa.
Ukukhanyisa nokushisa
Ukukhanya kufanele kukhanye, kepha hhayi elangeni eliqondile, ngakho-ke ngesikhathi sasehlobo, kubeke emoyeni ovulekile endaweni ekhanyayo, kepha hhayi elangeni eliqondile.
Ngesikhathi sokukhula, izinga lokushisa eliphansi liyadingeka, futhi ngesikhathi sokungasebenzi, izinga lokushisa eliphakeme.
Ukunisela
Ngikweluleka ukuba unisele kaningi, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokuqhakaza. Ngesikhathi sokulala, amanzi masinyane lapho inhlabathi isomile ukuthinta. Imixube ejwayelekile yokubumba kufanelekile njengomhlabathi. Ukufakelwa kabusha ngaphambi kwenkathi yokukhula.
Yini i-cacti ehamba kahle komunye nomunye?
Kukhona umkhuba odumile wokutshala izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-cacti embizeni efanayo. Akumangalisi, ngoba imibala ehlukahlukene nobubunjwa kudala izingoma ezinhle nezikhangayo.
I-Opuntia cactus
Uhlobo oludumile olwaziwa ngezimbali zalo ezinhle nezithelo ezidliwayo. Izinhlobo ze-Opuntia ziphansi futhi zimbozwe ameva amade futhi aminyene, ukubhoboza kwawo okuvusa imizwa ebuhlungu engathandeki. I-Opuntia iqhakaza ngezimbali ezimhlophe njengeqhwa, kuthi ngemuva kokuqhakaza, kuvele izithelo ezidliwayo zohlobo olucabalele.
Gcina i-cactus endaweni ekhanyayo, kepha ngesikhathi sokushisa kwehlobo, ngincoma ukuyigcina emthunzini ukugwema ukusha. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izidingo zokunakekelwa ziyefana nezinye izinhlobo.
Mammillaria
I-Mammillaria elandelayo ethandwa kakhulu. Izitshalo ziyizimbali eziyindilinga, ezibomvana ezibekwe phezulu. Izinsika zeMammillaria mncane futhi zithambile. Ziningi zazo, okwenza ibukeke njengezinwele. Izinhlobo azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, futhi isikhathi sokuqhakaza siqala zisencane, okwenza sithandwa. Kunezinhlobo eziningana ezihlukile ngemibala yezimbali nameva.
I-Echinocactus
Umnikazi wezimbali ezinkulu ngu-Echinocactus. Izimbali zemibala ehlukene ziyavela ezitshalweni ezisencane. Izimbali ziphephuli phezulu. Ukuphakama kwesitshalo kufinyelela kuma-45 cm.
Ukuzivocavoca
Olunye uhlobo oludumile oluqhakaza zisencane. Ubukhulu buncane, ngenxa yokuthi i-Gymnocalcium kulula ukuyigcina futhi ayithathi isikhala esiningi. Izimbali zimhlophe, zibomvu noma zibomvana.
Saguaro
Izinhlobo ezinesakhiwo esihlukile samagatsha zivame ukuba yinto ethanda abathandi bokuzijabulisa kwangaphakathi endlini. Izinhlobo ezinkulu ngosayizi, futhi ezimweni zemvelo zivikelwe ngumthetho. ISaguaro isekela imisebenzi ebalulekile yezinto eziphilayo, kufaka phakathi izinyoni, ngakho-ke ithathwa njengesitshalo esibalulekile.
UKhisimusi
Uhlobo olucacile oluvamile emahlathini emvula, anamagatsha abanzi angenameva. Ngokwengeziwe, idinga umswakama, okujwayelekile kuzo zonke izitshalo ezishisayo. Iqhakaza ngemibala egqamile, ngakho-ke isetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa ngaphakathi.
Izifo ze-cacti
Hlola izimbali zasekhaya njalo ukuze ubone izimpawu zesifo ngesikhathi.
Qiniseka ukuthi imbali isesimweni esifanele sokuzalela. Imikhiqizo ekhethekile yokwelashwa iyathengiswa, eyenzelwe ukubhubhisa isikhunta sezitshalo nezinambuzane - izimuncagazi.
Ukubola
Ukubola kuthathwa njengenkinga yangempela kubanikazi. Kwenzeka ngenxa yamanzi amaningi. Lesi sifo kulula ukusihlukanisa ngenxa yokuvela kwezicubu ezimnyama. Ukutheleleka kwenzeka ngaphezulu kwesitshalo, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ukubola kuqala ezansi.
Tshala izintwala
Izintwala zezitshalo, ezivame ukutholakala ezitshalweni zasendlini, nazo zivamile ku-cacti. Izinambuzane zifaka isandla ekuveleni kwesifo sefungal. Ukususa ama-parasites, ngincoma ukusebenzisa ama-insecticide.
Ama-Thrips
Ama-thrips izinambuzane ezindizayo ezingaphansi kwamamilimitha ngosayizi. Zithinta umbala ngokususa izakhamzimba. Ukususa ama-thrips, sebenzisa izinambuzane noma izinambuzane zasengadini.