Ukufakelwa kabusha kwe-primrose kanjani futhi kufanele kwenziwe nini? Sihlaziya umbuzo osuka ku-A uye ku-Z

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Ama-Primroses yizitshalo ezigqama phakathi kwezinye ngobuhle bazo nobunye bazo. Bangalahleka phakathi kwama-rose, ama-tulips, ama-peonies nama-gladioli, kepha lokhu akwenzekanga.

Lokhu kuyamangaza, ngoba ama-primroses ayizitshalo ezithobekile ezinezimbali ezincane. Ziqhakaza kusenesikhathi ngezimbali ezintekenteke eziphuzi zegolide, ngokungafani nezinye, eziba nombala phakathi nehlobo. Ingabe kunzima ukufakela lobu buhle? Funda ngakho konke lokhu ngokuningiliziwe kule ndatshana. Kuzosiza futhi ukubukela ividiyo esihlokweni.

Yisiphi isikhathi okungcono ukuchitha: entwasahlobo noma ekwindla?

Ama-Primroses akhula ngokuqinile eminyakeni emithathu kuya kwemine. Ngenxa yokuthi amahlathi ayakhula, izindawo ezintsha ziyagcwala. Imbali iyeka ukuqhakaza kakhulu. Izinkinga ngezimbali zidudula abatshali bezimbali ukuthi batshale. Isikhathi esihle sokufakelwa kabusha ngu-Agasti. Ngaphambi kobusika, uzoba nesikhathi sokugxila futhi ajwayele izimo ezintsha.

Ukutshala kabusha izinhlobo zezingadi nezasendlini

I-Primrose isitshalo esidinga ukutshalwa kabusha kanye njalo eminyakeni engu-3-4. Kaningi abakwenzi. Ngaphambi kokuba uqonde ubunzima bokuhlala, uyaqiniseka ngalokhu okulandelayo:

Izihlahla zakhula kakhulu, futhi ama-rosettes aba mancane endaweni atshalwe kuyo.
Ubukhazikhazi nobude besikhathi sokuqhakaza kwezimbali banciphile.
Izimpande azinalutho futhi kunengozi yokufa kwesitshalo emakhazeni.

Ukusungula ukuqhakaza nokubhekana nokukhula okuqinile kwezihlahla, isitshalo sikamama sehlukanisiwe. Kuzovela amahlathi amancane ambalwa. Ukufakelwa kabusha kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nokuzalanisa i-primrose.

ICEBISOIsikhathi esihle sokufakelwa kabusha ukuphela kwezimbali. Uma umlimi engaphuthelwa ngalesi sikhathi, futhi kuba ekwindla egcekeni, lesi sitshalo sitshalwe kabusha, lapho ngaphambili silungiselele inhlabathi - ingxube ye-humus ne-peat. Umquba, isihlabathi nomlotha kuthelwa emgodini ngamunye ngaphambi kokutshala.

Ithempelesha

Ama-Primroses awakuthandi ukushisa... Ukuze uthole ukuqothula okusheshayo nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha, kubalulekile ukuthi kube + 12-15 degrees Celsius. Uhlobo olulodwa kuphela - i-conic reverse ngeke imile izimpande uma izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kuka + 15-18⁰С.

Umswakama

Umoya oswakeme awusebenzeli kuphela ukuqhakaza kwezimbali, kodwa futhi nokukhula ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha. Uma isimo sezulu sishisa, fafaza i-primrose noma ubeke imbiza enkulu yezimbali ngamatshe amatshe noma ubulembu obuseduze nayo. Ungayidluli ngokunisela, ngoba umswakama owedlulele uholela ekuboleni kwezimpande.

Inhlabathi nomanyolo

Inhlabathi enhle kakhulu yama-primroses yi-turf, isihlabathi kanye ne-peat, exutshwe ngezingxenye ezilinganayo... Kwesinye isikhathi bathenga i-substrate eyenziwe ngomumo yama-geraniums, bangeze i-sandstone engama-20% kuyo, kepha lesi sixazululo siwalungele amacala lapho isitshalo sikhule ekhaya. Ukufakelwa kabusha kwenziwa embizeni ebanzi, kodwa engajulile enezimbobo zokuqala nokubeka amanzi.

Ukuze i-primrose iqale ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, awudingi ukuyifaka umanyolo. Umanyolo uzodingeka uma unezimpande futhi kuvela i-ovary. Zisetshenziswa njalo emavikini amabili ngokuqhakaza okukhulu. Ukondla kusetshenziswa umanyolo oqukethe oketshezi oketshezi - ngokwesibonelo, ubulembu bezinkukhu. Ihlanjululwa ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 15 hhayi ngomthamo ophakeme, ngoba uma kungenjalo inhlabathi izoshelwa ngosawoti ngokweqile.

QAPHELA: Abanye abalimi bagcizelela ekunikezelweni okuphoqelekile kwe-primrose kathathu ngonyaka. Ezinyangeni zasentwasahlobo, bayondla ngezakhiwo zamaminerali, ekuqaleni kwehlobo - nomanyolo ophilayo, nangesikhathi sokuqhakaza - nge-ammonium nitrate noma i-superphosphate ene-potassium ukukhulisa ukuqina kwasebusika (amalitha ayi-10 wamanzi, i-15 g ye-potassium no-20 g we-superphosphate).

Ukunisela

Kokubili i-primrose yangaphakathi nensimu ayithandi ukuniselwa ngaphandle kwesilinganiso.... Kubalulekile ukulinda kuze kube yilapho ungqimba oluphezulu lomhlaba selomile ngokuphelele bese ulunisela ngamanzi ahleliwe, uzama ukungangeni emaqabungeni. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izobola.

Ukukhanyisa

Njengasensimini, ekhaya bakhetha indawo ekhanyayo lapho bebeka khona i-primrose. Akufanele ivezwe elangeni eliqondile. Ukukhanya kufanele kuhlakazeke. Kutshalwe ngasempumalanga noma entshonalanga yesiza, kepha hhayi enyakatho, ngoba ayinayo imisebe yelanga.

Kanjani: ngokuhlukanisa i-rhizome noma ngokuqothula amahlumela ama-axillary?

Akunakwenzeka njalo ukufakelwa kabusha i-primrose ngokuhlukanisa i-rhizome... Ingakha i-rosette eyodwa kuphela, futhi izimpande kungenzeka zingabi namandla amakhulu. Kulokhu, ukufakelwa kabusha kwenziwa ngokuqothula amahlumela e-axillary.

Ngemuva kokulungisa inhlabathi, i-petiole yamaqabunga iyanqunywa ezansi kwekhola lempande. Ngasikhathi sinye, qiniseka ukuthi kunengxenye yehlumela noma okungenani ihlumela ku-petiole. Ipuleti leshidi lisikwa phakathi. Isiqu sitshalwa emhlabathini bese kubhekwa umswakama wenhlabathi. Ukunisela kufanele kube ngokulinganisela ukuze amahlumela akhule kancane kancane futhi amaqabunga akhe.

Lesi sitshalo asitshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile ngokushesha ngemuva kokulungiswa kwe-petiole. Balinde ukuthi iqale ebhodweni. Lapho kwakhiwa amaqabunga ama-3-4, i-primrose itshalwa ibekwe endaweni ehlala njalo engadini..

Bukela ividiyo ekhuluma ngokuhlukanisa nokufaka kabusha ama-primroses engadini:

Ukunakekela imbali ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha engadini

Abalimi bengadi abanankinga yokutshala kabusha i-primrose engadini. Lesi sitshalo sizothatha ngokushesha futhi sizojabula uma ugcina inhlabathi embhedeni wezimbali imanzi, ihlanzekile futhi ivulekile.

Ukukhuthaza umsebenzi wasebusika wezimbali, ukuchelela ngemuva kokuhamba kancane kukhula kancane... Ezinsukwini zokugcina ezifudumele zasekwindla, inhlabathi iyaxegiswa, futhi nokhula luyasuswa.

Kuze kube manje, impikiswano ngokuvama kwama-primroses okuchelela abetshalwe kabusha engadini ayikapheli. Abanye balimi bokudla okuvamile, kanti abanye ngokungajwayelekile. Ukuthi kungcono ukufaka umanyolo njengoba kudingeka, kepha sebenzisa omanyolo abathengiwe ngesigamu sokuhlushwa kunemiyalo edingekayo.

Uma uhlukumeza ukwethulwa komanyolo oyinkimbinkimbi, lesi sitshalo ngeke siqhakaze ngokushesha ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, futhi akunakwenzeka ukuthi sizojabula ngotshani obuluhlaza.

Imithetho eyisisekelo yokunakekela isitshalo esitshalwe kabusha:

Ukuhambisana nombuso wamanzi. Inhlabathi kufanele ibe manzi, kepha ngaphandle kokushiseka ngokweqile, ngoba amanzi azoma, futhi amaqabunga anezimpande azobola.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. Ezinsukwini zokugcina zasekwindla ezifudumele, zivundisa umhlabathi ngomquba ojwayelekile.
Ngaphambi kokumboza isitshalo ebusika ngaphansi koqweqwe lwamahlamvu ekwindla, hlola uhlelo lwempande. Uma i-rhizome ivezwa, qala uthele umhlaba, bese kuthi ngemuva kwalokho amahlamvu akhishwe kuwo.
Uma i-primrose ingaluswa ukhula emasontweni ambalwa ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, izothinteka ukubola okumpunga noma isikhutha.

Izifo ezingenzeka ngemuva kwale nqubo

OKUBALULEKILEIsitshalo esidala sivame ukuthintwa yizifo ezifana nokubola kwekhola yezimpande neziqu, ukugqwala okumhlophe, i-anthracnose, indawo yeqabunga lamagciwane. Iphinde ibe "isisulu" sezinambuzane, noma kunalokho i-slugs, amabhungane nezinambuzane zesicabucabu. Ngabe lezi zinambuzane zizolimaza ama-primroses atshalwe kabusha noma cha?

Imvamisa isitshalo esitshalwe kabusha siyafa ngenxa ye-peronosporosis. Lesi sifo saziwa ngokuthi yi-downy isikhutha. Lesi sifo silimaza ama-pedicel, izitsha, amaqabunga kanye namahlumela. Imikhondo yalesi sifo ivame ukuqashelwa ngenyanga yokuqala yasekwindla noma yasentwasahlobo.

I-pathogen ayesabi isimo sezulu esibandayo, i-hibernates emaqabungeni awile, izimpande nembewu. I-Powdery isikhutha sivela ngenxa yezinguquko ezinamandla zokushisa: +10 ebusuku, kanye +20 degrees Celsius phakathi nezinsuku. Uma lina ngaphandle kuleli banga, i-peronosporosis ayinakugwenywa.

Empini, into esemqoka ukubona izimpawu zesikhutha se-powdery ngesikhathi.:

Ukuvela kwamabala angenabumba noma ama-angular engxenyeni engenhla yamaqabunga. Umbala wazo uyehluka futhi ungaba nsundu ophuzi, ophuzi ophuzi noma onsundu ngokubomvu.
Lapho lesi sifo siqala, amaqabunga azoba nsundu futhi omile.
Izindawo ezithintekile zihlangana kancane kancane.
Ukuvela kwepuleti elimhlophe engxenyeni engezansi yamaqabunga.

Isikhunta se-Downy sonakalisa amaqabunga, siwenze imibimbi, imibimbi futhi isongwe. Ukwehlulwa kwenzeka bese kudubula okugoba, kube namabala futhi kome.

Ukuvimbela i-peronosporosis ekulimaleni kuphela isitshalo esitshalwe kabusha, kunconywa ukhula ukhula embhedeni wezimbali, ukuwugcine kude nezitshalo ezinegciwane. Futhi, ngeke kulimaze ukuyeka ukusebenzisa umanyolo we-nitrogen nokubhubhisa ukhula. Uma umgadi wensimu ngasizathu simbe eqala ingadi, futhi lesi sifo sesithuthukile, bathenga amalungiselelo ezinto eziphilayo - iGamair, Alirin-B, Fitosporin-M.

Esinye isifo esingahlasela i-primrose etshalwe kabusha i-ramulariosis.... Iyabonakala ngamabala wayo amakhulu, ayindingilizi, aphuzi ngokukhanyayo. Njengoba amabala ekhula, aguqula umbala wawo ube nsundu, bese kuthi ngokusebenzisa izimbobo zivele lapho zikhona. I-Ramulariasis iqala ngenxa yezimo ezipholile nezinomswakama.

Ukuze ungaphathi lesi sitshalo nge-ramulariasis, sinisele kahle futhi ukhulule umhlabathi ngesikhathi. Uma ngokuzumayo umlimi ebona amabala emahlamvu, kungcono ukususa ngokushesha futhi ubhubhise izindawo ezithintekile. Ngemuva kwalokho, isihlahla siphathwa ngama-fungicides - iFundazol neVitaros. Akuvamile ukuthi kufe i-primrose etshalwe kabusha ngenxa yokubola okumpunga.

Lesi sifo sidalwa yisikhunta iBotrytis cinerea Pers. Ngesikhathi sokukhula, amabala kanye nokuqhakaza okumpunga avela emaqabungeni nakuma-peduncles. Bayakhala futhi bayabola.

Uma indawo ethintekile inkulu, i-primrose izofa. Ukubola okumpunga kukhula ngenxa yesimo sezulu esifudumele sasekwindla, ngenxa yenhlabathi egcwele amanzi, ukungena komoya kahle nokungabikho kokukhanya. Ukuze ukubola okumpunga kungalimazi ama-primroses, atshalwe enhlabathini enhle.

Lapho kuvela izimpawu zokuqala, izindawo ezinomonakalo ziyasuswa bese isiko liphathwa ngeFundazol neRovral.