Konke mayelana nembewu ye-pelargonium: ungatshala kanjani futhi ukhule ekhaya igxathu negxathu?

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-pelargonium ngembewu kuyathakazelisa ngoba kwenza ukuthi kukhule isampuli yakho, engabukeki njengesitshalo sabazali. Le yinqubo ekhandlekayo enama-nuances amaningi odinga ukukwazi.

Kulesi sihloko, sizokhuluma ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi ungayilungisa kanjani imbewu ye-pelargonium yokuhlwanyela, ukuwutshala kumuphi umhlabathi nokuthi ungaqhubeka kanjani nokunakekela amahlumela amancane ezitshalo. Ungabuka futhi ividiyo ewusizo esihlokweni.

Hlobo luni lwesitshalo?

I-Pelargonium isitshalo esingapheli somndeni wakwaGeraniev... Ineziqu ezinamagatsha ezinamaqabunga kuma-petioles amade. Izimbali zePelargonium zinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu noma ezi-monochromatic, ezibomvana, ezinombala onsomi, omhlophe. Izinhlobo eziningi zezitshalo zilethwe eYurophu zisuka eRiphabhliki yaseNingizimu Afrika ngekhulu le-16. I-Pelargonium yalethwa ezweni lethu ngekhulu le-18.

Izindlela zokukhiqiza kabusha

IPelargonium ikhiqiza ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• imbewu;
• ngokweqile - ukusika noma ukuhlukanisa isihlahla.

Izinhlobo ze-Pelargonium hybrid ezikhuliswe ngezimbewu zazo azizuzi ifa lesitshalo somzali. Ukugcina imikhuba oyifunayo, kufanele isatshalaliswe kuphela ngendlela yemifino. 

Abalimi abaningi bezimbali banesifiso sokuzimela ngokuzimela eyodwa noma enye inhlobo ye-pelargonium kusuka embewini. Kulokhu, ungasebenzisa zombili izimbewu zakho nezithengiwe. Izimila ezitholakale embewini ziqhakaza kangcono kakhulu nokuningikune-pelargonium eyayikhuliswa ngokusikwa.

Izici:

Babukeka kanjani?

QAPHELA: Imbewu ye-Pelargonium iyafana nokuma nobhontshisi wekhofi. Olunye uhlangothi lwembewu luyi-convex, olunye luyisicaba ngomugqa ohlukanisiwe wokuhlukanisa ama-cotyledon. Imbewu yePelargonium ivame ukuba nsundu ngokujulile ngombala. Esitshalweni, imbewu isemgodini wembewu.

Imbewu evuthiwe inombala onsundu. Imbewu uqobo izungezwe igobolondo elicinene nesambulela esincane se-fluff. Lapho ubhasikidi onezimbewu usuvuthiwe, uyaqhuma, bese kwakheka izithelo endaweni yawo.

Kuthatha ini ukuvela?

Lapho izimbali zivela ezitshalweni zasendlini, udinga ukunakekela imbewu. Impova yokufakelwa ingenziwa. Lokhu kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwenaliti yokudlulisa impova noma udlawana. Maphakathi nembali kuneziqu eziyishumi ne-pistil enenhlamba. Ngasohlangothini olubukhali lwenaliti, susa ngokucophelela impova embalini eyodwa bese uyidlulisela ehlazweni le-pistil kusuka kwenye imbali. Imbali yayo kufanele iqhakaze ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwale nqubo. Impova ngale ndlela kungenzeka izikhathi eziningi.

Imbewu ivuthwa kanjani nokuthi izovunwa nini?

Uma impova yenzekile, ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-3-4 ikholomu iqala ukukhula kancane futhi ibe yinde. Ibhokisi lezithelo elenziwe futhi likhombe liyakhiwa. Ukuvuthwa, i-capsule yanda kakhulu ngobude nobukhulu. Lapho imbewu isivuthiwe, izithelo ziyaqhuma... Imbewu ensundu eyisiyingi, embozwe ngama-villi amhlophe amade, ilenga emicwini emincane enwebeka.

Ungayiqoqa kanjani imbewu ekhaya? Imbewu kufanele iqoqwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuvuthwa. Kungakuhle ukuthi uqoqe imbewu emabolls aqhephukile omile, lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi asevuthiwe. Akufanele ulinde umzuzu lapho ibhokisi livuleka futhi imbewu iwe. Angaqala ukuhluma, okwenza kube nzima ukuwagcina.

Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo: ungakhula kanjani ekhaya?

Isikhathi sani sokuhlwanyela?

Uhlwanyela nini? Ukuhlwanyela i-pelargonium ekhaya kungenziwa unyaka wonke, kepha kuphela uma kunikezwa ukukhanya okwengeziwe. Isikhathi esivumayo sokuhlwanyela imbewu nguFebhuwari noma Mashi... Uma uhlwanyela i-pelargonium kamuva, lesi sitshalo sinwebeka kakhulu futhi siqhakaza kuphela emva kwezinyanga eziyi-9 (kungani i-pelargonium ingaqhakazi?).

Ukulungiswa kwenhlabathi

OKUBALULEKILE: I-Pelargonium ithanda inhlabathi elula, enomsoco evumela amanzi nomoya ukuba kugeleze kahle ezimpandeni zesitshalo. Ukuhlwanyela imbewu, ungasebenzisa inhlabathi enesitezi eyenziwe ngomumo noma uzenzele yona.

Kunezinketho eziningi:

1. hlanganisa ngokulingana okulingana kwepeat, isihlabathi, i-humus kanye nomquba;
2. hlanganisa izingxenye ezimbili zomhlaba wensimu nengxenye eyodwa ye-peat nesihlabathi;
3. thetha i-peat nge-perlite ngesilinganiso esingu-1: 1.

Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela imbewu, i-substrate elungiselelwe kufanele ibulawe amagciwane.ukugwema ukuqhubeka kokuhlaselwa yi-pelargonium. Ukwenza lokhu, kubalwa imizuzu embalwa kuhhavini.

Ukuze uthole ukwelashwa kwenhlabathi, ungasebenzisa isikhunta esilungisiwe esenziwe ngomumo noma ama-manganese. Ngemuva kwalokho ukufika kufanele kuhlehliselwe usuku olulodwa.

Ukukhethwa

Ukuze ukhule i-pelargonium ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kwezinkinga, udinga ukukhetha nokulungisa izinto zokutshala. Lapho ukhetha imbewu, kufanele kunakwe ngokukhethekile kulezi zimpawu ezilandelayo:

• Umbala... Izinhlamvu zekhwalithi ze-pelargonium zinombala onsundu obonakalayo. Ubungcosana kanye nomthunzi okhanyayo kuvunyelwe.
• Umumo... Izinhlamvu ezithuthukisiwe ziyi-oblong, izingcindezi ezincane ziyabonakala ezinhlangothini.
• Usayizi... Izinto zokutshala zikhulu ngokwanele.
• Igobolondo... Imbewu yePelargonium ibonakala ngegobolondo eliminyene lesikhumba.

Uma izinto zokutshala zinazo zonke lezi zimfanelo, khona-ke zingathengwa. Akufanele ukhethe imbewu enezici ezilandelayo:

• okuncane;
• isicabale;
• okhubazekile;
• embozwe ngamabala anemibala ehlukene.

Imbewu yezinhlobo ezithile ze-pelargonium, ikakhulukazi i-ivy, ayihlumi izinyanga ezingama-2-3. Kufanele ukukhumbule lokhu futhi ungayeki ukunakekela izitshalo.

Ukuze unciphise isikhathi sokuhluma, kwenziwa inqubo yokuqhekeka... Iqukethe ukususa ingxenye yengubo yembewu ukuhlinzeka ukufinyelela kwezakhamzimba. Lokhu kudinga:

1. Sebenzisa i-sandpaper enhle kuya kwaphakathi. Kuzosiza ukususa ungqimba olungaphezulu ngaphandle kwezinyembezi ezihlukumezayo.
2. Kancane kancane gcoba imbewu amahlandla ama-2-3 ku-sandpaper ngokunyakaza okujikelezayo.

Kuthatha ukuthini ukutshala?

Ungatshala kanjani? Ukuze utshale imbewu futhi ukhule ngempumelelo izithombo ekhaya, uzodinga ukushisa. Leli kungaba ibhokisi lezithombo elijwayelekile elimbozwe ngopulasitiki, ithileyi lokudla elinesivalo esisobala, noma ibhodlela lepulasitiki elisikwe phakathi. Ukuqinisekisa ukungena komoya, izimbobo ezincane kufanele zenziwe kwifilimu noma kwikhava.

Ukuhlwanyela ekhaya:

1. Cwilisa imbewu ye-pelargonium emanzini afudumele amahora amathathu, okukhuthaza ukuvela kwezithombo.
2. Thela inhlabathi elungiselelwe ngaphambilini ekamelweni lokushisa endaweni abamba ukushisa ngayo ungqimba lwamasentimitha ama-5-7. Umhlabathi kufanele ungabi nezigaxa nemfucumfucu. Thinta inhlabathi kancane.
3. Fafaza kancane ubuso bomhlabathi ngamanzi afudumele bese ushiya usuku olulodwa ukufudumeza umhlabathi ekushiseni okungama-21-22 ° C.
4. Sabalalisa imbewu ebusweni bomhlaba kude ngamasentimitha amabili komunye nomunye, ucindezele kahle emhlabathini. Imbewu kufanele ibekwe nxazonke phezulu. Uhlangothi oluyisicaba lwenhlanyelo kufanele lubhebhe lubheke phansi. Fafaza imbewu ngesendlalelo esincane se-substrate evulekile.
5. Fafaza imbewu kancane futhi ebhodleleni le-spray.
6. Vala i-greenhouse.

Beka amabhokisi anezitshalo egumbini elifudumele, lapho izinga lokushisa ligcinwa khona cishe ngama-22-24 ° C. Ukunisela imbewu kuyadingeka njengoba inhlabathi yoma.

Sikhula kumaphilisi e-peat

Ungakhula kanjani ukusuka ekhaya kumaphilisi e-peat? Thatha amaphilisi aphakathi nendawo. Zihlele esitsheni esijulile ungene emanzini afudumele zize zikhule ngosayizi cishe izikhathi eziyisithupha. Beka okusanhlamvu ekhefu elikhethekile bese ukumboza kancane nge-peat kusuka kuthebhulethi. Ngemuva kwalokho, vala isitsha ngefilili noma ingilazi bese usibeka endaweni efudumele. Amahlumela okuqala azovela ngemuva kwesonto nohhafu.

Buka ividiyo emayelana nokuhlwanyela imbewu ye-pelargonium kumathebulethi e-peat:

Ukukhetha imbiza "efanele"

Izimbiza ezincane ezihlanganayo noma amathreyi ukujula okungu-3 cm kufanelekile ukuhluma i-pelargonium Ungathenga iziqukathi ezitolo ezikhethekile noma uzenzele.

Ukulima, amabhokisi noma izimbiza kuyasetshenziswa. Imbiza lapho imbali izotholakala khona ikhethwa ngokuya ngosayizi wohlelo lwempande. Ukufakelwa kwenziwa kuphela lapho isitshalo siminyene. (ukuthola eminye imininingwane yokuthi ungatshala kanjani futhi uqambe izimpande zepelargonium, bheka lapha). Kungakuhle usebenzise izimbiza zobumba. Ziphefumula kakhulu futhi zimunca umswakama. Ungasebenzisa izimbiza zepulasitiki, kepha azivumeli ukuba umoya udlule futhi kungaholela ekumeni kwamanzi ngokweqile. Lokhu kungaholela ekubola kwezimpande nezifo zezitshalo.

Uma kungenzeka ukulungiselela i-substrate ekhulayo wedwa, kufanele uyisebenzise. Enhlabathini ethengiwe, izithombo zivela kamuva, izithombo zibuthakathaka, isihlahla sakha iziqu ezincanyana noma ezijiyile ngokungadingekile, ukuqhakaza kwesitshalo kuyindlala.

Ukunakekela

Izimo ezithandekayo zokutshala i-pelargonium kusuka embewini:

• Ithempelesha... Kufanele ibe phakathi kuka + 18 + 24 ° C. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izithombo ngeke ziqhume.
• Umswakama... Amazinga aphezulu omswakama asheshisa ukuhluma kwembewu. Izinhlamvu nezithombo kufanele zigcinwe endaweni yokugcina izithombo kuze kuvele amaqabunga amabili eqiniso. Inomoya izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku.
• Ukukhanya kwangemuva... Lapho kuvela amahlumela, indlu ebamba ukushisa ivezwa ekukhanyeni okukhanyayo, okusakazekile. Ubude bamahora emini okungenani amahora ayi-12. Ungasebenzisa isibani se-fluorescent ukukhanyisa okufakelwayo. Ngaphandle kokukhanya, izithombo ze-pelargonium ziyelula.

Imbewu yePelargonium ihluma zingakapheli izinsuku ezi-2-14 kusukela ngesikhathi sokutshala. Izinhlobo zeTerry ezinokuhluma zingahlala inyanga eyodwa.

Ukuze izitshalo zakhe isihlahla esihle, zidinga ukunakekelwa kahle. I-Pelargonium idinga ukuchelela ngesikhathi esifanele, ukugqoka okuphezulu, ukukhulula inhlabathi, isimo sezulu esifudumele, ukukha nokuncina.

Ungafunda kabanzi ngokunakekela i-pelargonium ekhaya lapha.

Ukunisela kahle

Ukunisela okungafanele kungadala izifo ngisho nokufa kwezitshalo ezisencane.

Amacebo awusizo:

• Ungamanzisi ngokweqile umhlabathi... Lokhu kuholela ku-blackleg, isifo esikhula ngokushesha futhi sichithe izithombo. Ukugwema lokhu, kubalulekile ukwenza ungqimba lwamanzi kanye nezimbobo zamanzi amanzi amaningi ngokweqile ezitsheni zokutshala.
• Umbuso wokunisela uyadingeka... Izithombo ziyaniselwa njengoba inhlabathi isoma, uqaphele ukungazigcwalisi. Ngemuva kokukhetha iziqukathi ezihlukile, izitshalo aziniselwa ngaphezu kwesibili ngesonto. Ebusika, imvamisa yokuchelela incishiswa ibe kanye ezinsukwini eziyisikhombisa.

Isikhathi sokuqala lapho bondla khona i-pelargonium emasontweni amabili ngemuva kokukhiwa. Ukuze wenze lokhu, umanyolo usetshenziselwa izitshalo eziqhakazayo ezinokuqukethwe okunothile kwe-potassium ne-phosphorus. Imvamisa yokugqoka kanye njalo emavikini amabili. Ebusika, ukondla kuyamiswa. Ungathola okuningi mayelana nokuthi ungayondla kanjani i-pelargonium lapha.

Bukela ividiyo emayelana nokunisela nokondla izithombo ze-pelargonium ezimbewini:

Isiphetho

Ukukhulisa i-pelargonium ekhaya kusuka embewini kuvumela abalimi ukuthi bathole isitshalo esiqhakaza kakhulu. Ukukhethwa kwembewu, ukunamathela kuzo zonke izincomo zokutshala nokunakekelwa okufanele kwezithombo ezincane yizimo ezibalulekile. Manje wazi konke ngokutshala nokunakekela i-pelargonium.

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