Ingadi begonia: incazelo, ukunakekelwa nokukhiqizwa kwembali

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Ngokuya ngokwanda, ama-begonia atholakala emibhedeni yezimbali emigwaqweni emaphakathi, ezigcawini, emapaki, nasezidada. Kusukela entwasahlobo kuze kube sekwindla sekwephuzile, lesi sitshalo sigcwele izimbali eziqhakazile eziye zaziswa ngeqiniso yizinsizakalo zokulungiswa kwezindawo zasemadolobheni, abaklami bezwe kanye nabalimi bokuzilibazisa.

Kunezinhlobo ze-hybrid ezisetshenziselwa ukulungisa ingadi yasebusika, zikhula ezimbizeni. Ziqhakaza unyaka wonke.

Incazelo yeMbali

Indawo yokuzalwa ye-begonia ngamahlathi ashisayo aseNingizimu Melika, e-Afrika, lapho ihlala khona. Ezimweni zezulu ezipholile, lesi sitshalo sibhekwa njengonyaka, izimo zezulu azenzi ukuthi zikhule emhlabathini ovulekile unyaka wonke. Sabhala ngokutshala nokunakekela i-begonias engapheli neyonyaka lapha.

Lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibandayo nesithwathwa, ama-begonias ambiwa agcinwe bonke ubusika kuze kufike intwasahlobo. Isitshalo segadi sihlangene. Isihlahla sikhula size sifike kumasentimitha angama-30. Kunamaqabunga amaningi kakhulu, kwesinye isikhathi amahlamvu angabonakali. Ubukhulu bezimbali ububanzi buhluka kusuka ku-5 kuye ku-15 cm.

Ukuthungwa kwama-inflorescence kuphindwe kabili futhi kukabili. Umbala uhlukahlukene. Ngokubukeka, zifana nezimbali zama-roses, ama-azaleas, ama-peonies, kuya ngezinhlobonhlobo. Isiqu namahlamvu aluhlaza okotshani. Isimo samaqabunga asymmetric, imiphetho ijagged.

Inkomba! Ekupheleni kokuqhakaza, isithelo sakhiwa - ibhokisi lembewu. Zincane kakhulu, kunezimbewu eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-90 kugremu elilodwa.

Isithombe

Okulandelayo, ungabona isithombe se-begonia yomgwaqo:

Ngingakwazi ukutshala ngaphandle?

I-Begonia ibhekwa njengesitshalo esithanda umswakama. Ikhetha ukukhula emthunzini oyingxenye. Kodwa-ke, kulezi zinsuku kulula ukuthola izinhlobo ezikhula kahle endaweni enamazinga okushisa aphezulu nomswakama ophansi. Abasabi amakhaza amancane nezimvula ezinkulu.

Ngokuvamile, izinhlobo ezinesifo sofuba zitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Izimbali zeRhizome zitshalwa emibhedeni yezimbali ehlobo, kuthi ekupheleni kwekwindla ziphinde zifakwe ezimbizeni zezimbali bese zilethwa egumbini. Kwesinye isikhathi, ukuze kungachithwa isikhathi, abalimi batshala ama-begonia ezimbizeni, bahlobisa imibhede yezimbali namabhalkhoni.

Esimweni sezulu esibi, bayakufihla babuyele endlini. Kepha isitshalo, ukudluliselwa okunjalo akulungile. Ngakho-ke, njengoba okuhlangenwe nakho okusebenzayo kukhombisa, ngezimo zethu zezulu kungcono ukhethe izinhlobo eziguquliwe noma uthole indawo efanele ngokushesha.

Izinhlobo ezingaphansi

Njengomphumela weminyaka eminingi yokukhethwa nokuwela kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo, ngenxa yalokho, kwatholakala inani elikhulu lembumbulu.

Ngezansi kukhona okuvame kakhulu.

Izinhlobo ezinesibindi

Kunezimbali eziphindwe kabili, eziphindwe kabili futhi ezibushelelezi. Umbala umhlophe, upinki okhanyayo, uphuzi, ubomvu, ubomvu ngokugqamile. Isiqu siyinyama, siqinile. Lolu hlobo lunenqubo ende yezimbali.: kusukela ekuqaleni kukaJuni kuya ngasekupheleni kukaNovemba. Lapho ukhulisa i-begonias enesifo ngaphandle, kubalulekile ukunaka ama-nuances athile. Ebusika, lesi sitshalo sidinga ukugcinwa kokushisa.

Ampere

Ubude bamahlumela alenga phansi bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-80. Izinhlobo ezigelezayo zama-ampelous begonias zibukeka zizinhle lapho zihlobisa izakhiwo ezimile mpo. Zitshalwa ngezimbiza zezimbali ezilengisiwe noma eziteshini. Izinhlobo ze-hybrid zihlala zikhanga noma ngabe sekuqala amakhaza akhanyayo.

Ukuqhakaza okungunaphakade

Kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zale subspecies. Izihlahla zikhula zibe zincane, zifike ku-15-20 cm ukuphakama.Amakhasi ama-oval, ukuthungwa okubushelelezi, umbala osukela kokuluhlaza okukhanyayo kuye konsundu. Zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa imibhede yezimbali emapaki, ezikweleni. Izitshalo azinazwelo, ngisho nabaqalayo bangazinakekela.

Imininingwane engaphezulu ngama-begonias ingatholakala lapha.

Ukutshala engadini

Ukutshala imifino engadini emhlabathini ovulekile kuqala ekupheleni kukaMeyi, lapho isimo sezulu esifudumele nesinelanga sizinza. I-tuberous begonia iqala ukumila ngaphambi kokutshala ezimweni zokushisa okushisa, ezingeni lokushisa elingu- + 22-24 ° C. Izinhlobo zezimbali ezingunaphakade zitshalwa ngezimbali zokuqala, lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi unikeze ngokushesha ukubukeka kokuhlobisa emibhedeni yezimbali.

Ukufeza ubuhle obungenakuqhathaniswa engadini yakho, kufanele unake okulandelayo:

Kungcono ukubeka i-begonias emthunzini oyingxenye, ngoba ukukhanya okusakazekile kwenza kube lula ukwakha isihlahla esihle, hhayi ukunweba phezulu. Kepha nikeza indawo elangeni kuzimbali ezithanda ukukhanya.
Umhlabathi we-begonia kufanele ukhululeke, une-pH engathathi hlangothi. Ekwindla, bamba inhlabathi, basuse ama-rhizomes okhula, bangeze i-humus, i-peat, isihlabathi ukuze inhlabathi iphefumuleke kalula. Izitshalo zingakhula endaweni eyodwa cishe iminyaka eyi-6-7. Bacishe bangawuli umhlaba. Uma singekho isikhala esanele emibhedeni yezimbali, kunconywa ukutshala izimbali ezimbizeni zezimbali.
Ukunisela kwenziwa njalo, kepha ungakwenzi ngokweqile. Ukuvalwa kwamanzi kwenhlabathi kungaholela ekuboleni kohlelo lwempande. Ukuze i-begonias ikhule emibhedeni yezimbali, kanye nokukhula okunamanzi, kubalulekile ukwenza ungqimba lwamanzi. Nciphisa umswakama ekwindla.
Ngemuva komsebenzi wokulungiselela, inqubo yokutshala emgwaqweni iqala ngokulungiswa kwezimbobo, ezijule ngamasentimitha angama-20-25. Amahlumela abuthakathaka noma izilimo eziyizigaxa ezihlumayo zibekwa ngokucophelela nangokucophelela kuzo. Fafaza ngomhlabathi nangomlotha wokhuni. Igebe phakathi kwama-begonias kufanele libe ngu-20 cm.
Ekwindla sekwedlule isikhathi, ama-begonias anesifo sofuba avunwa emhlabathini. Susa inhlabathi kwizilimo eziyizigaxa, ugeze futhi womile. Bese ufaka endaweni epholile yokugcina kuze kube yisizini ezayo.

Ukunakekelwa kwangaphandle

Ukunakekelwa okufanele kwe-begonias yasemgwaqweni kuqukethe ukumanzisa inhlabathi njalo, kukhululeke inhlabathi futhi kungezwe nomanyolo. Izimbali akufanele zibe yi-crusty, abayithandi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ukhulule umhlabathi ngokucophelela ukuze ungalimazi iziqu namaqabunga ezitshalo.

I-Begonia isebenzisa amandla amaningi ekuqhakazeni izimbali. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukwengeza izakhi zomzimba izikhathi eziningana ngonyaka. Entwasahlobo, inqubo yenziwa ngobubanzi obugcwele bomanyolo wamaminerali, ukuthola ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele nokuthuthuka okusebenzayo kwenqwaba eluhlaza.

Iseluleko! Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza nokuqhakaza okusebenzayo, izimbali zondliwa njalo emavikini amabili ngezinto ezine-potassium ne-phosphorus.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

Ungakha ama-begonia ngezindlela ezilandelayo:

ukuhlukanisa i-tuber;
imifino;
isidoda.

I-Garden begonia ingeyesigaba sezitshalo ezinesibindi, ngakho-ke indlela yokuqala yokuzalanisa ilungele kakhulu. Ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo, le ndlela iyona eyinhloko lapho kukhuliswa izinhlobo zezitshalo.

Indlela eyingozi:
1. Lapho uthenga i-begonia tuber esitolo, noma uyithatha endaweni ebusika, kufanele ibulawe amagciwane.
2. Faka isisombululo nge-potassium permanganate, bese usomile.
3. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-tuber ingatshalwa ku-substrate enomswakama (sawdust, isihlabathi, i-peat) kuze kuvele amahlumela amasha.
Sabalalisa amahlumela engadi nge ukusika okuluhlaza okotshani:
1. Izinto eziqhakazile, okuyizilimo eziyizigaxa, zithathwa endaweni elungiselelwe ngaphambilini.
2. Amahlumela aphulwe kahle futhi atshalwe ezitsheni ezihlukene ngokwanele ukuze phezulu kwesihlumela kubukeke ngo-2-3 cm ukusuka emhlabathini.
3. Inqubo yokuqothula iyashesha futhi awutholi mbali eyodwa, kepha izingcezu ezi-4-5.
Izimbali ezingunaphakade ze-begonias zizalanisa nge ukusika okuvamile:
1. Isihloko sesitshalo esinempilo, esihle sinqunywa ngommese obukhali.
2. Susa wonke amaqabunga angenasidingo, ungashiyi angaphezu kwama-3 ngaphezulu. Shoot ubude 10-15 cm.
3. Ngemuva kwalokho le nqubo ibekwa engilazini yamanzi noma itshalwe endaweni engeyona inhlabathi kuze kuvele izimpande.
4. Ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10-14, ziyaqandusela.

Yize imbewu ye-begonia incane ngokwanele, isasetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izithombo. Indlela yokuhlwanyela iyasebenza inqobo nje uma kukhona abamba ukushisa... Ngaphandle kwalokho, kungcono ukhethe ezinye izindlela ezimbili. Futhi, ukwandisa izitshalo ngembewu, izici eziningi zomama zilahlekile: umbala, ukuthungwa kwama-inflorescence.

Ungafunda kabanzi ngokuzalanisa i-begonias lapha.

Izifo ezivamile

I-Street begonia, njengezitshalo zasendlini, isengozini yezifo. Isizathu esiyinhloko salokhu ukuphulwa kokunakekelwa okufanele, lokhu kuvame kakhulu ekugcinweni kokushisa.

Ukuphambuka kwamapharamitha kungaholela ekwakhiweni kwezifo ezinjalo:

Isikhunta se-Powdery, isifo sesikhunta sezimbali, ngenxa lapho kuvela khona ukuqhuma okumhlophe ebusweni bamaqabunga. Lapho isikhunta sisakazeka, kuvela amabala aphuzi, esimweni esiyindilinga. Ziyabonakala ku-lumen noma ngemuva kwamaqabunga. I-Powdery isikhutha sivela ezimeni zomswakama ophezulu nokuntuleka komoya. Silwe nalesi sifo ngokufafaza nge-fungicide noma isulfure.
Ukubola kwezimpande... Lesi sifo siqala ngenxa yomswakama owedlulele enhlabathini kanye namazinga okushisa aphansi egumbini. Izimpande zesitshalo zonakala kuqala. Lesi sifo siphinde sisabalale siye emaqabungeni, siyagoqana, futhi neziqu ziqala ukubola. Ungagcina i-begonia kuleyo nkinga ngokususa izindawo ezilimele nokwelashwa ngesixazululo se-fungicide.

Ama-nuances amaningi ngezifo ze-begonia angatholakala lapha.

Izinambuzane

I-Aphid... Idla ubisi lwesitshalo, okuholela ekuguqulweni kwamaqabunga. Le nkathazo ilwa ngosizo lokucubungula ukumnika i-celandine, u-anyanisi umhluzi.
Isicabucabu... Kutholakala ezansi kweshidi. Futhi ikhetha amahlumela amancane. Ukuvela komkhaza kufakazelwa yi-pallor, amahlamvu awayo. Ngokucekela phansi, sebenzisa isixazululo sensipho.
Ama-Thrips... Izinambuzane ezincane ezindizayo. Izimpawu zobukhona bazo kuma-begonias: amabala ansundu amnyama emaqabungeni asatshalaliswa emaphethelweni noma enkabeni. Ngemuva kwalokho, iqabunga liphenduka liphuzi bese liyafa. Kulokhu, ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo kwe-begonia ngesixazululo sokubulala izinambuzane kuyadingeka. Isibonelo, lesi sidakamizwa "Aktara", hlaziya u-1 g ilitha ngalinye liketshezi.

Inhlanganisela nezinye izitshalo

I-Street begonia isebenza kahle ekuhleleni izimbali... Ixhuma kalula nezihlahlana ezahlukahlukene eziyinikeza umthunzi oyingxenye, kanye nezitshalo ezihlobisayo ezinamakholomu, zigcwalisa ngokuphelele izimbali ezikhula kancane eziphila njalo.

AmaBegonias abukeka emuhle ngezitshalo ezinjalo zasehlobo zasemngceleni: i-surfiniya, i-lobularia, iberis, i-lobelia. I-tandem enhle kakhulu itholakala ngokuhlanganisa i-begonias ne-asters, iminduze, i-cenirarias.

Isicelo design landscape

Abaqambi basebenzisa lezi zimbali ukudala ama-alpine slides, imibhede yepaki enezimbali ezihlukile. Futhi, ungathola kaningi ama-begonia ezimbizeni zezimbali. yokuhlobisa amasimu, iziza zensimu, izindawo ezivulekile, imibhede yezimbali.

Okubalulekile! Ama-begonia aphekiwe asetshenziselwa ukufaka imibala kukhaphethi oluhlaza ocacile nakukhaphethi wezimbali. Ochwepheshe bokuhlelwa komhlaba emhlabeni wonke basebenzisa le mbali enemibala engajwayelekile, ngoba nganoma yini ongayitshali - konke kuzovela kahle.

Ngokuvamile, ingadi begonia isitshalo esifanele ingadi, ikhaya, ipaki. Imvelo engathobekile nezimbali ezihlala isikhathi eside zengeza kuphela izimfanelo ezinhle. Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi ama-begonia akhethwe futhi akhule ngezinga lezimboni.

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