Izifo ze-Amaryllis: kungani kuguquka amaqabunga aphuzi, izinambuzane nezifo zefungal? Izindlela zokwelapha

I-Amaryllis isitshalo esikhula njalo emndenini wakwa-Amaryllis.

Ummeleli ukhula kusuka kubhalbhu, ububanzi bawo bufinyelela ngamasentimitha ayi-11. Amaqabunga ayindilinga ngokuma kufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-50, futhi afinyelela kumasentimitha amathathu ububanzi.

I-bulb eyodwa iphonsa imicibisholo egcwele u-1-2 egcwele amasentimitha angu-40-70 ukuphakama. Ama-inflorescence amise okomsele avela kuwo.

Ngaphandle, i-amaryllis iyefana nomnduze ne-hippeastrum. Lesi sitshalo asinakekelwa kakhulu futhi singenwa kalula yizifo nezinambuzane. Ukwazi ubuqili bokubhekana nezinkinga, akuzona ezimbi.

Izinkinga zamaLeaf

Imvamisa, lapho ukhula i-amaryllis ekhaya nasensimini, ungabhekana nezinkinga eziningi. Zonke izinkinga zinezimbangela zazo futhi ukwelashwa kwazo kukodwa esimweni ngasinye.

Kungani eba phuzi?

Kunezizathu ezimbili zokuthi kungani amaqabunga ephuzi.:

• umswakama owedlulele ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi;
• ukuhlaselwa amagciwane - thrips noma aphid.

Kuyadingeka ukunciphisa imvamisa nokuchichima kokunisela, kanye nokwelapha izinambuzane.

Okubalulekile! Ukomiswa kwamaqabunga kungakhombisa ukushintshela kwesitshalo enkathini engasebenzi. Kulokhu, udinga ukuyeka ngokuphelele ukuchelela ama-amaryllis bese ulinda kuze kube yilapho ingxenye yawo yomhlabathi isomile ngokuphelele. Lapho amaqabunga esomile, usike.

Kuphenduke umbala

Imvamisa, le nkinga ivela:

• lapho ukhetha ibhodwe elingalungile;
• ngenxa yokushoda kwamapayipi amahle emhlabathini.

Kufanele kube nezimbobo ezihlaba umxhwele ezansi ebhodweni ukuze kuthi lapho kuniselwa, kungene amanzi amaningi epanini. Ukuhambisa amanzi kahle kungenye yezinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokutshala isitshalo., nguyena odlulisa umswakama enhlabathini ngokushesha futhi asize ngokulinganayo ukusabalalisa, ngaleyo ndlela avimbele ukumiswa kwamanzi nokuxinana ngokweqile kwenhlabathi.

Kumnyama noma kubole

Ukwenza mnyama nokubola kwamaqabunga kuqala ngenxa ye:

• izinga eliphezulu lomswakama womoya;
• ukungabi nokushisa ekamelweni;
• ukuchelela ngokweqile kwe-amaryllis.

Ukugwema inkinga, udinga ukuhambisa isitsha nesitshalo egumbini elomile nelifudumele. Izinga lomswakama elivumelekile lale mbali yasendlini lingama-40-50%. Futhi, lapho uchelela, udinga ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umswakama awutholi emaqabungeni e-amaryllis.

Ezinye izinkinga

Kukhona nezinkinga ezihambisana nezimbali ze-amaryllis.

Lesi sitshalo asiqhakazi

Lesi sitshalo asikwazi ukuvela ngezizathu eziningi:

• ukuntuleka kokukhanyisa;
• ukuntuleka kokudla kwenhlabathi;
• isibani singcwatshwe ngokujulile emhlabathini;
• noma yisiphi isifo sezimpande siqala;
• imbali ayihambanga isikhathi esingalali kulo nyaka;
• isitshalo asizange sitshalwe kabusha isikhathi eside futhi sidinga ukuhlukaniswa kwama-bulb amancane.

Inkomba! Uma i-amaryllis ikhulile kusuka enzalweni, khona-ke ngeke iqhume ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-7 kamuva, futhi kusuka kubhalbhu iqhakaza iminyaka emithathu.

Funda ngokuthi kungani i-amaryllis ingaqhakazi nokuthi ingaxazululwa kanjani le nkinga lapha.

Amacembe aya ngokukhanya

Lesi sizathu senzeka lapho isitshalo esiqhakazayo sivezwa yilanga isikhathi eside. Ukugwema ukuphela kwamacembe, udinga ukubeka imbiza yezimbali kumawindi aseningizimu-mpumalanga noma eningizimu-ntshonalanga, futhi ngezinsuku ezishisa kakhulu, thunzi i-amaryllis.

Ungabhekana kanjani nezifo zefungal?

Njengezitshalo eziningi zasendlini i-amaryllis isengozini yokutheleleka ngezifo zefungal.

Ukubola okubomvu

Uma uthelelekile, kuvela amabala abomvu nemivimbo ebusweni bamaqabunga.Ukwelapha imbali, faka:

• Ukuhlanganiswa kweBordeaux - udinga ukulungiselela isixazululo se-lime ne-sulfate yethusi, ngoba lokhu, zombili izingxenye zixutshiwe ngamanzi ngevolumu ephelele yamalitha ama-5, ingxenye yesifo egulayo ifafazwa ngesisombululo esiphelile.
• Fundazol - lungiselela isisombululo ngokulingana no-10 amagremu omuthi ngamalitha angu-0.5 wamanzi. Ukunisela inhlabathi, ukwelashwa okungu-2 ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili kwanele.
• Maksim - ukucubungula, lungisa isisombululo esisebenzayo se-1 ampoule nge-1 litre lamanzi, nisela isitshalo ngesixazululo amahlandla ama-2 ngezinsuku eziyi-3-5.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ividiyo ebonakalayo nefundisayo mayelana nokulwa nokubola okubomvu kuma-amaryllis ama:

I-Anthractosa

Lapho ithelelekile, kuvela amabala amnyama amachashazi amnyama anama-smudges ansundu.... Kuvela ngenxa yokunisela ngokweqile. Ukuze welaphe i-amaryllis, udinga ukwelashwa ngama-fungicides futhi unciphise ubuningi bokuchelela.

Izimpawu zokuqala zivame ukuvela emaqabungeni: izindawo ezinsundu ezinomngcele onsundu omnyama zikhula kancane kancane ngaphezu kwazo zonke izitho zezitshalo ezingaphezulu komhlaba.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amabala ayahlangana futhi ajule, aphazamise ukuhamba kwezakhamzimba. Kamuva, amabala anomphetho omnyama onsomi noma onsundu. Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa: i-Ridomil, iSkor Acrobat.

I-Stagonosporosis

Uphawu olukhulu lwalesi sifo ukuvela kwamabala abomvu ebusweni besitshalo; avela emaqabungeni, esihlokweni ngisho nakwibhalbhu.

Isifo seStagonosporosis siyathathelana... Uma uqala ukubona izinguquko ezingezinhle ekubukeni kwembali, kufanele isuswe ngokushesha kuzinhlobo eziseduze ezinempilo. Lesi sifo asikwazi ukwelapheka; ekugcineni imbali iyafa.

I-Stagonosporosis ikhula ngenxa yezinguquko zokushisa okungazelelwe egumbini nokunisela okuningi.

Ukuduka okumpunga

Lesi sifo sizibonakalisa ngesimo samabala ansundu kuyo yonke ingxenye yasemhlabeni yesitshalo. Isizathu esisodwa nesibaluleke kakhulu sokuthuthukiswa kokubola okumpunga ukuqhuma kwamanzi njalo kwenhlabathi..

Uma kutholakala iminonjana yalesi sifo ebusweni bamaqabunga, kuyadingeka ukuthi usitshhale ngokushesha leso sitshalo kubumba olusha lomhlabathi ngohlelo oluhle lokuhambisa amanzi. Njengendlela yokuvimbela ukuqala kwesifo, kwanele ukugcina indlela yokunisela.

I-Fusarium

Lapho sinesifo, isitshalo sibuna ngokushesha. Engxenyeni yesigaxa ebonakalayo ngaphezu kwenhlabathi, amanxeba abolile angabonakala. Ukubola kwezimpande kuqala ngenxa ye-:

1. ukwakheka kwenhlabathi eminyene;
2. ukuchelela ngokweqile nokumisa kwamanzi ku-coma yobumba;
3. ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba.

Ukonga isitshalo, udinga ukufaka amagciwane enhlabathini nasembhodweni; Isixazululo seFundazole sikulungele lokhu.

Okubalulekile! I-ejenti ebangela ukubola kwezimpande iqhubeka isikhathi eside emhlabathini naphezulu kwesitshalo, ngakho-ke kunconywa ukuthi uyihlukanise nabamele abanempilo.

Izinambuzane

U-Amaryllis uthinteka ekuhlaselweni izinambuzane eziningi. Yiziphi izimuncagazi ezingathelela isitshalo nokuthi singabhekana kanjani nazo?

Scratch

Yisinambuzane esimhlophe, esimhlophe, esikhula esikalini sika-anyanisi sembali. Ezindaweni zokungcola kwezinambuzane, ama-sooty fungi akhiwa. Lesi sitshalo esithintekile siphelelwa amaqabunga kancane kancane futhi sinciphise ukukhula kwaso..

Ukuhlonza i-parasite, kuyadingeka ukuthi ususe u-anyanisi ekubunjweni kwenhlabathi bese uwuhlola ngokucophelela, ngoba isibungu sicashe ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukugcwala nokutshala emhlabathini omusha ongenamagciwane.

Ukuqeda lesi silokazane, kusetshenziswa amalungiselelo okubulala izinambuzane: i-Aktara, iFitoverm, i-Iskra, iRogor. Kuyadingeka ukucubungula ama-bulbs nenhlabathi ngesisombululo somuthi okhethiwe, isilinganiso sikhonjisiwe kwiphakethe.

Isihlangu samanga

Isihlangu esingelona iqiniso yisinambuzane esincane esinsundu... Kuvela kumakholomu emaqabungeni ezitshalo. Uma utheleleke nge-parasite, amaqabunga asemithanjeni kanye nesiqu sezitshalo zimbozwe ukuqhakaza, okwenziwe kusukela ekuqongeleleni okukhulu kwezinambuzane ezilinganayo.

Ezitshalweni ezilimele, ukukhula nentuthuko kuyabambezeleka, amaqabunga aphenduka aphuzi bese ewa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Emaqabunga ezitshalo ezithintekile, kuvela izikali ezinsundu noma ezikhanyayo eziyindilinga, okunzima ukuzihlukanisa neqabunga.

Isimo sezulu esifudumele nesomile sinomthelela ekuveleni kwesilokazane.... Izinsikazi zivela ezitshalweni zingabonakali ngoMeyi-Juni, futhi zibeka izibungu ngentshiseko ngoJulayi-Agasti. Ukulwa kusebenza:

1. isisombululo esihle sensipho yokuhlanza ngotshwala obungu-20%, wokusula amaqabunga;
2. Isixazululo somuthi i-Aktara (0.4 amagremu nge-1 litre lamanzi) sisetshenziselwa ukunisela;
3. Isixazululo somuthi i-Actellik (1 mililitha nge-1 litre lamanzi);
4. Isixazululo sesidakamizwa i-Bankcol (0.7 amagremu nge-1 litre lamanzi).

Ama-Thrips

bese kuba izimuncagazi ezincane zombala onsundu. Kubonakala ngokusobala emaqabungeni esitshalo. Lesi sitshalo esithintwe yisilokazane siphenduka kancane siphuzi.

Ukulwa ne-thrips, kunconywa ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa: Iskra, Aktara, Fitoverm... Ungasilungisa kanjani isixazululo esisebenzayo sokulawulwa kwezinambuzane kuboniswe emaphaketheni asefektri nomuthi. Ukuhlanganisa umphumela, lokho kwelashwa kufanele kwenziwe izikhathi ezimbili ngekhefu lezinsuku ezi-5.

Izimbungulu zeMealy

Lezi izimbungulu ezincane ezimhlophe ezakha amakholomu engxenyeni engaphansi yesitshalo. Lesi sitshalo esithintekile simbozwe ukuqhuma okumhlophe namabala amhlophe. Isikali sikwazi ukwakha amakoloni amakhulu, ngaleyo ndlela sidale izindawo ezinkulu zomonakalo esitshalweni. Amunca wonke ama-juice avela ku-amaryllis, ngakho-ke kancane kancane aqala ukoma.

Ukuze ususe lesi sinambuzane, udinga ukusula njalo amaqabunga ngesisombululo esipholile sensipho.... Uma kunezinambuzane eziningi futhi lesi sitshalo siqhakaza kakhulu, kuzodingeka usizo lwezinambuzane: I-Admiral, i-Aktara, iFitoverm, i-Iskra.

I-anyanisi mite

Uma ingxenye yomhlabathi yesitshalo ngokuzumayo iqala ukubola futhi ibune, mhlawumbe isizathu ukuthi isibani sonakaliswa i-bulb mite. Ukuyibona, udinga ukususa isibani ekwakhiweni kwenhlabathi bese usihlola ngokucophelela. Isinambuzane sincane kakhulu, ubukhulu baso abungeke bufinyelele kumamilimitha ama-2. umzimba wegciwane lesinanakazana omile ngokuncipha ngasekupheleni, umbala womzimba uphuzi ngokukhanyayo.

Lesi silokazane sidla izicubu zama-bulb. Uma ingxenye yezimpande ye-amaryllis ithinteka kanzima ngomkhaza, isibani siwela ngokoqobo ezandleni. Uthuli olumhlophe luyabonakala ngaphakathi kwe-bulb ngenxa yokudliwa yizibungu. Amagciwane avela ngenxa yokushisa ekamelweni.

Ungagcina isitshalo ezimweni ezingavamile., kepha ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwesibani ngaphambi kokutshala enhlabathini kuzosiza ukuvikela. Ungasebenzisa isisombululo se-potassium permanganate, kanti iKeltan nayo iyafaneleka.

Isiphetho

U-Amaryllis ufuna kakhulu ukunakekelwa (ungathola imithetho yokunakekela lesi sitshalo ekhaya lapha). Uma ungalandeli yonke imithetho, khona-ke lesi sitshalo singenwa kakhulu yizifo kanye nokuhlaselwa yizilokazane. Kepha lesi akusona isinqumo, cishe njalo ungathola indlela yokwelapha lesi sitshalo. Kodwa-ke kungcono ukugwema ukungcoliswa kwembali, futhi kungcono ukwenza zonke izinhlobo zezindlela zokuvimbela kaningi.

Bukela ividiyo: Kungani Izwe laKwa-Zulu kuthiwa izwe lika MTHANIYA (Septhemba 2024).