Uyini umehluko phakathi kwemibala "injabulo yowesilisa nowesifazane", futhi ingabekwa eceleni? Sibutsetelo se-spathiphyllum nezinhlobo ze-anthurium

Isipathiphyllum esihlala ezindaweni ezishisayo nomngane waso we-anthurium bavame ukutshalwa ekhaya. I-Spathiphyllum yaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi "injabulo yabesifazane" noma "imbali yesifazane".

Kukholakala ukuthi ngenxa yalesi sitshalo, amantombazane amancane azothola abashadile, nabesifazane abashadile bayojabula emshadweni. Ngokwenkolelo efanayo, i-anthurium ibizwa ngokuthi "injabulo yabesilisa", eletha inhlanhla nenjabulo engxenyeni yesilisa yabantu. Lokhu yingxenye yokuthi kungani zombili izitshalo sezibe "ngabangane bangunaphakade" engadini yasekhaya.

Incazelo ye-Botanical, i-geography yendawo yokuhlala kanye nemvelaphi

I-Spathiphyllum ne-anthurium - empeleni, ingabe ziyisitshalo esifanayo noma cha? Zombili zingezinhlobo zezitshalo ezihlala ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zomndeni we-Aroid noma u-Aronnikov. Indawo yokusatshalaliswa kwalezi zitshalo zombili isuka eCentral iye eNingizimu Melika, i-spathiphyllum nayo iyatholakala e-Old World: ePhilippines, eNew Guinea, ePalau naseSolomon Islands.

Zombili lezi zitshalo zivela ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, phakathi kwazo okubusa ama-epiphyte, ama-semi-epiphyte, nama-hemiepiphyte.... Endle, zikhula ezihlahleni, zikhulule izimpande zasemoyeni ezehlela phansi bese zidla udoti wehlathi lemvula.

Kodwa "injabulo yabesifazane" ayinaso isiqu - amaqabunga aqoqwa esixukwini ngqo emhlabathini, "imbali yesilisa" inesiqu esinyene, esifushaniswe kakhulu. Amaqabunga ezitshalo ahluka ngokuphawulekayo: ku-spathiphyllum - iqabunga linesimo se-oval noma se-lanceolate nge-vein median ehlukile, ukuma kweqabunga kuphinda ukwakheka kwembali; ku-anthurium, iqabunga lehlukile ngesimo se-petal (i-spatulate, eyindilinga, enezingqimba ze-obtuse), linesisisekelo esijulile futhi linendawo enamafutha.

Ama-inflorescence (izindlebe) ze-spathiphyllum anemibala kusuka kokuluhlaza okotshani kuya komhlophe nesimo se-oblong-elliptical. I-Anthurium ibonakala ngezinhlobonhlobo zezimo nemibala ye-cob: i-conical, clavate, spiral; okubomvu, okupinki, okusawolintshi, okunsomi noma okumhlophe, noma ukuhlanganiswa kwawo Izimbali "zenjabulo yowesilisa" ziqinile futhi ziminyene.

Amagama azo zombili izitshalo avela ekuhlanganisweni kwamagama amabili esiGreki. I-Spathiphyllum: "spata" - iveli, "phillum" - iqabunga; anthurium - "anthos" - umbala, "oura" - umsila. Ezincwadini zezinkomba zezitshalo kukhonjiswe amagama esiLatin: Spathiphyllum neAnthririum.

Inkomba! Ngenxa yezimbali ezimhlophe, i-spathiphyllum ibizwa nangokuthi "useyili omhlophe", kanye ne-anthurium, ngombala ogqamile wezimbali nokufana kwesimo sembali ngomusa wenyoni, yabizwa ngegama "imbali ye-flamingo". I-Anthurium inesinye isidlaliso - "i-wax flower", enikezwe ukuhlobisa ngokweqile, okufana nezimbali zokufakelwa.

ISpathiphyllum yatholakala ngeminyaka yama-70s yekhulu le-19 yisazi sezitshalo saseJalimane uH. Wallis emahlathini ase-Ecuador... I-Anthurium yatholwa ngesikhathi esifanayo isazi sezitshalo saseFrance uE. Andre ngesikhathi sokuhambela eNingizimu Melika.

Ukuhlonipha abacwaningi bobabili, izinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu zalezi zitshalo zabizwa kamuva.

Isithombe

Ngokuqhubekayo esithombeni ungabona ukuthi i-anthurium ibukeka kanjani, injabulo yabesilisa, kanye nomngane wayo i-spathiphyllum, injabulo yabesifazane, lezi zakhamizi zasezindaweni ezishisayo eseziyizimbali zasendlini.

Lokhu yi-anthurium:

Futhi lokhu yi-spathiphyllum:

Esithombeni esilandelayo, ungabona ukuthi izimbali zibukeka kanjani uma zinakekelwa kahle.

Ingabe kuvunyelwe ukuyibeka eduze?

Njengoba zombili i-spathiphyllum ne-anthurium enhle yakha i-tandem evumayo futhi ibukeka kahle eduze komunye nomunye, umbuzo wokuthi kungenzeka yini ukugcina lezi zimbali eziseduze uyanyamalala ngokwawo. Yize abanye abalimi "bezala" izimbali ngenxa ye-anthurium ethanda ukukhanya nesidingo sokwenza umthunzi nge-spathiphyllum.

Ungatshala ndawonye ebhodweni elilodwa?

Naphezu kwamabika adumile, abashayeli bezimbali abanolwazi abatusi izitshalo ezikhulayo ebhodweni elilodwa, ngoba badinga izimo ezahlukahlukene zokutshala nokulungisa (izidingo ezahlukahlukene zokunisela nokukhanyisa, inhlabathi yokutshala i-spathiphyllum ne-anthurium nayo yehlukile) futhi cishe ngeke ihlangane ndawonye. Ngezinga eliphakeme lamathuba, "imbali yesilisa" eyinyama futhi esebenzayo ngeke ivumele uhlelo lwempande "lwensikazi" ukuthi lukhule ngokugcwele, kuthi olokugcina lufe.

Izinhlobo ze-spathiphyllum ne-anthurium

Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-45 ze-spathiphyllum, ezithandwa kakhulu yilezi:

• I-Chopin - amaqabunga nezimbali kunwetshiwe, i-peduncle iluhlaza okotshani. "Imbali yesifazane" engathobeki kakhulu.
• I-Cupid - ivelele ngama-petioles amakhulu phansi. Ayiqhakazi isikhathi eside futhi ikhiqiza ama-peduncles ambalwa; iyabaluleka ngombala okakhilimu wengqimba lembali.
• Kakhulu - izimbali ezinde futhi eziningi kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-Okthoba.
• I-Wallis - ukuhlukahluka okuncane okukhulayo okuye kwaba "ngumama" ezinhlotsheni eziningi.
• Mauna loa - izinhlobonhlobo ze-hybrid ezivame kakhulu eziqhakaza cishe unyaka wonke; imbali inendlebe enomusa ye-beige.

I-Anthurium yizinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zomndeni wayo, futhi inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-900. Okudume kakhulu:

• Andre - ingaqhakaza kusuka enyangeni e-1 kuye onyakeni wonke. Izinhlobo nezinhlamvu ezihlanganisiwe ziyehluka ngobude, umumo kanye nemibala eminingi ephuzi, e-orenji, ebomvu kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwemibala eminingana.
• I-Crystal - iyehluka ngamaqabunga aluhlaza velvety anemithambo emhlophe kanye nesikhwebu esiphuzi.
• USherzerzer - encane ngosayizi (kufika ku-30 ​​cm), ihlukaniswa ngenduku engavamile, esontekile yaba ngumoya.
• Dakota - Izinhlobo ezithandwayo, ezingafuneki kangako
• Ukukhuphuka - yakha amahlumela amade (njengama-liana) anamaqabunga ama-oblong-oval, anendlebe ephuzi ephaphathekile

Funda kabanzi mayelana nezinhlobo nezinhlobonhlobo ze-anthurium lapha.

Ukuqhathanisa nokunakekelwa kwasekhaya

Ukunakekela	I-Spathiphyllum	I-Anthurium
Ithempelesha	Ihlobo + 21-22 °, ubusika + 13-16 °	Ehlobo + 25-30 °, ebusika 16-20 °
Ukunisela	Ukunisela nokufafaza okuningi ehlobo, kulinganisela ebusika	Ukunisela okumaphakathi - hhayi ngaphezu kwesisodwa ehlobo, ebusika njalo emavikini ama-2-3
Ukukhanyisa	IPenumbra, ukukhanya okusabalalisiwe	Indawo ekhanyayo, ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile
Ukuthena	I-peduncle isuswa ngemuva kokuqhakaza; amaqabunga omile, amadala futhi anezifo ayasuswa	Ifana ne-spathiphyllum
Ukuncoma	Inhlabathi ene-asidi enamandla: isoyi, iqabunga, i-peat, inhlabathi ye-humus nesihlabathi esinamanzi	I-substrate ekhululekile yenhlabathi e-coniferous, enamaqabunga ne-peat, ubuso bubekwe nge-moss, ungqimba olungezansi lungamapayipi
Ukugqoka okuphezulu	Umanyolo woketshezi wama-aroid ngesikhathi sokukhula (Mashi-Septhemba), njalo emavikini ama-2-3	Isikhathi esingu-1 ngenyanga ehlobo, nomanyolo wezitshalo zezimbali zokuhlobisa
Dlulisa	Njalo eminyakeni engu-3-5 entwasahlobo	Njalo eminyakeni emi-2-3, entwasahlobo
Imbiza	Ubumba noma ipulasitiki. Imbiza eqinile elungele usayizi wesitshalo	Kubanzi (negumbi lokukhula kwezimpande), kepha hhayi okujulile, ubumba, ingilazi, noma imbiza yepulasitiki
Ubusika	Isikhathi sokulala kusuka ngoNovemba kuya kuFebhuwari	Kudinga ukukhanyisa okwengeziwe ebusika
Ukunakekela ngemuva kokuthenga	Ukudalwa kwezimo ze-mini-greenhouse (ukumboza ngesikhwama) nomswakama ophezulu ngenyanga yokuqala	Ukufakelwa okusheshayo ngemuva kokuthenga ngokususwa kwengxube yenhlabathi yesitolo nezimpande ezingekho ezingeni

Funda kabanzi ngokunakekela i-anthurium kule ndaba.

Umehluko

Cabanga ngendlela izitshalo ezihluka ngayo.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

I-Spathiphyllum izala ikakhulukazi ngokusika noma ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, akuvamile ukuthi imbewu. I-Anthurium ingasatshalaliswa ngokuhlukanisa isihlahla, ukuqothula amahlumela ohlangothini, ukuhlukanisa nokuhluma impande, ukusika kanye nembewu.

Ukuqhakaza

I-Spathiphyllum iqala ukuqhakaza entwasahlobo, ama-inflorescence ahlala izinyanga eziyi-1.5-2. Ezinye izinhlobo ziyaqhakaza futhi ekwindla. I-Spathiphyllum cishe ayinalo iphunga noma ilula futhi ayiphazamisi. Izimbali "zenjabulo yabesifazane" ngobuningi bazo zimhlophe, kungahle kube nezinhlobo ezinombala oluhlaza okotshani.

I-Anthurium iyakwazi ukuqhakaza kusuka ngoFebhuwari kuya kuNovemba lapho idala i-microclimate efanelekile... Zonke izinhlobo zephunga le-antarium. Izimbali "zenjabulo yomuntu" ziyamangaza ngemibala ehlukahlukene nemibala, imvamisa izinhlobonhlobo ezinikeza izimbali zemibala ebomvu zikhulile ekhaya.

Okubalulekile! Ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza, akukhuthazwa ukuthola amanzi kuma-inflorescence ezitshalo, ngaphandle kwalokho izimbali zingagula futhi zife.

Izifo

Amaqabunga e-Spathiphyllum ajwayele i-chlorosis ne-hommosis. Amaqabunga e-Anthurium angabanjwa yi-septoria, i-anthracosis (ebangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-fungal), i-fusarium wilt, i-rust, i-powdery isikhutha kanye ne-bronzing virus (ebangelwa ukutheleleka okuqhutshwa yi-thrips). Izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane e-Anthurium azelaphi, isitshalo kufanele sibhujiswe.

Uma imithetho yokunakekelwa ingalandelwa, zombili izitshalo zibonakala ngalokhu:

1. ukuvela kokubola kwezimpande;
2. ukuvela kwamabala emaqabungeni;
3. ukuphuzi, ukoma komphetho;
4. shintsha ngombala weqabunga.

Funda kabanzi ngezifo nezinambuzane lapha.

Yini enye ongayikhulisa nabo egumbini elilodwa?

Akunconyelwa ukuthi kukhule noma yiziphi ezinye izitshalo esitsheni esifanayo ne-anthurium noma i-spathiphyllum... Ewindini elifanayo, kanye ne-anthurium, izitshalo zokushisa nezithanda ukukhanya zizothatha izimpande, ngokwesibonelo:

• i-aphelandra;
• coleus;
• sankhetia;
• dieffenbachia nabanye.

Ngokuphambene nalokho, izitshalo ezikhetha umthunzi nomswakama zizoba omakhelwane abalungile bama-spathiphyllums, ngokwesibonelo:

• i-dracaena;
• i-violet;
• owesifazane okhuluphele;
• i-ficus;
• omama nabanye abaningi.

Ukunakwa! Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ujusi wazo zombili izitshalo unobuthi, ngakho-ke gwema ukuxhumana nesikhumba nezinye izitshalo.

I-Spathiphyllum isitshalo esingesihle futhi esingenamqondo kakhulu kune-anthurium. "Imbali yesifazane" isebenza ngezindlela eziningi futhi iyaphila ezimeni ezingezona ezemvelo. "Injabulo yowesilisa", nayo, iyinto ethakazelisa kakhulu ngokubuka kokuhlobisa - icebile ngezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo, izithunzi nemilo engajwayelekile yezimbali namaqabunga.

Sikunikeza ukuthi ubuke ividiyo efundisayo mayelana ne-spathiphyllum ne-anthurium:

Bukela ividiyo: Anthurium Care Guide (May 2024).