Amathiphu wabanikazi be-orchid: ungasusa kanjani ama-aphid ezitshalweni?

Izitshalo ekhaya lakho zisiza ukugcina i-microclimate enempilo. Bahlanza umoya futhi bajabulisa iso.

Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi izitshalo zasendlini zivikelekile ezifweni kanye nasezifweni, ngokungafani nezitshalo zangaphandle. Noma kunjalo, izimbali zasendlini zingalimaza futhi zibune.

Ukuze uvimbele lokhu, kubalulekile ukutadisha ngokuningiliziwe imininingwane yezifo ezingenzeka nezinhlobonhlobo zezinambuzane.

Izinhlobo ezithinta imbali: incazelo nesithombe

Izimbungulu ezincane ezihlasela ikakhulukazi amahlumela amancane ama-aphid. Kungaba ngemibala ehlukene - oluhlaza, ompunga, ophuzi noma omnyama. Kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-4000 zalezi zinambuzane. Kuma-orchid, ungathola izinhlobo ezi-3.

I-Orchid

Kuvame ukubonakala ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo nasemapulazini e-orchid. Ama-aphid athinta kakhulu ama-cellogynes, kepha angatholakala nakwezinye izinhlobo.

Abamba Ukushisa

Inelinye igama - ugwayi noma i-aphid eluhlaza okotshani. Ihlala ezindaweni lapho kunezingadi zamapentshisi khona (ziyini izindawo zezintwala, lapho lesi sifo sibonakala khona futhi kungani, funda lapha). Izizukulwane ezingama-2-3 zezimbungulu zizalwa ezihlahleni, bese kuthi abesifazane abanamaphiko babheke ukusingathwa kwesibili. Kungaba izitshalo ze-orchid, nezinye eziningi. Ungababona ikakhulu ku:

• wandah;
• izinkomo;
• umabhebhana.

Ubhontshisi noma u-beetroot

Kusatshalaliswe kulo lonke elaseRussia. Unombala omnyama. Ingena ezindlini ngamawindi, indiza kusuka e-viburnum, jasmine, euonymus noma enkunzini. Ungandiza usuka engadini ejwayelekile. Kutholwe ku:

• ama-dendrobiums;
• ama-fragmapediums;
• cymbidium.

Kukhona ingozi yokuthenga isitshalo esivele sinesifo esitolo. Izintuthwane ezihlala emafulethini zingathwala le bug. Sikhulume nge-symbiosis yezintwala nezintuthwane lapha.

Imininingwane engaphezulu yezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-aphid ingatholakala lapha.

Ukulimala kwenziwe

I-aphid beetle yanda ngokushesha okukhulu, yakha amakoloni aphelele, ihlala endaweni yokukhula kwamaqabunga amancane. Amahlamvu ahlaselwa kuqala, bese kuba neziqu, izimbali kanye namafihlekile, kukhetha izingxenye ezinamanzi kakhulu. Ukudla, i-aphid ikhipha ubuthi esitshalweni uqobo (funda ukuthi i-aphid idla ini nokuthi ithinta ziphi izitshalo, funda lapha) Ubuthi buphazamisa ukusakazeka kwezakhi ezimbalini, kanti i-photosynthesis ayenzeki. Ukuthuthuka kubambezela, isitshalo siyabuna, amaqabunga asongekile.

Izimbali ezilinyazwe ama-aphid kungenzeka zingavuleki. Uma zivuleka, khona-ke imbali izokhubazeka. Amaqabunga aphuzi futhi awe. Uketshezi oluketshezi oluthambile oluvela kuma-aphid luholela ekwakhekeni kwesikhunta esimnyama. Ukukhishwa kunephunga elikhangayo kwezinye izinambuzane ezingalimaza imbali. Ngosizo olungakafiki, lesi sitshalo sizofa kungekudala.

Inkomba! Ama-aphid, anezimpiko, asabalalisa ezinye izifo nezifo.

Kubonakala kuphi futhi kungani?

Kunezizathu eziningana zokuthi kungani i-aphid ingenela i-orchid:

• I-substrate esetshenziselwa ukutshala imbali ingaqukatha lezi zinambuzane. Kungcono ukuthenga inhlabathi yokutshala esitolo kubaphakeli abathembekile.
• Imbali ethengwe esitolo ingaba nama-aphid ngeziqu noma efihlekile. Ngaphambi kokuthenga, kufanele uhlole ngokucophelela futhi uhlole imbali yezimbungulu nezinye izinguquko ezisolisayo.
• Uma kunezimbali eziningi endlini, khona-ke izintwala zingasuka kalula kwesinye isitshalo. Ukuba seduze kwamawindi nakho kungadonsela ama-aphid ezimbalini zasendlini.
• Isizathu kungaba ukunakekelwa okungafanele kwesitshalo ngesikhathi sokukhula.

Kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlole lesi sitshalo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuthi kukhona yini uphawu olunamathelayo lwe-aphid.

Ungalwa kanjani?

1. Ngemuva kokuthola izingxenye ezithintekile zesitshalo, kufanele sithuthelwe kwenye indawo ukuze ezinye izitshalo zingatheleleki.
2. Udinga ukucubungula zonke izingxenye zembali, kufaka phakathi inhlabathi nembiza. Ama-aphid angacasha ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo.
3. Ngemuva kwalokho izingxenye ezisuswe yimpande ziyasuswa, ziniselwe ngeFitoverm.
4. I-orchid itshalwe kabusha yaba isigaxa esisha esihlanzekile.
5. Ngemuva kokufakelwa kabusha, ingxenye yomhlabathi iphathwa kabili nge-ejenti efanayo.
6. Ukwelashwa kuyaphindwa ngemuva kwesonto.

Ungasusa kanjani amakhambi wesintu?

Kunezindlela zabantu zokulwa nezintwala. Abanye abalimi abafuni ukuphazamisa imvelo yembali futhi abawasebenzisi amakhemikhali. Kunezindlela zokupheka zabantu eziningana eziphumelelayo:

1. Thela u-anyanisi ngelitha lamanzi abilayo, ngemuva kokukugaya endaweni yokugaya inyama. Vumela ingxube ukuthi ipholile, bese uhlunga bese ufafaza amaqabunga ngebhodlela lokufafaza. Umhlabathi nawo udinga ukucutshungulwa. Yenza inqubo izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
2. Insipho yokuwasha, igaywe ibe yimpuphu, hlangana nelitha lamanzi. Geza i-orchid ngaphansi kweshawa bese ulapha ngamanzi anensipho. Iresiphi ilungele imbali ekhule ngaphandle kwe-substrate.
3. Thela amanzi abilayo phezu kwekhasi lika-anyanisi, gqoka isitofu bese uletha emathunjini. Phikelela ngaphansi kwesivalo esivaliwe. Bese uhlunga ucubungule amaqabunga esitshalo. Thela isixazululo ngaphezulu kwe-substrate.
4. Amafutha abalulekile angasiza ukulwa nama-aphid. I-Peppermint, u-oyela wetiye noma i-neem oyili ixutshwe namanzi. Lokhu kudinga amaconsi ayi-10-15 kawoyela no-300 ml wamanzi.
5. Ama-citruse nawo asetshenziselwa ukwelapha izitshalo. Lokhu kudinga amaxolo esithelo, afakwa emanzini abilayo, i-100 g yezinto zokusetshenziswa ilitha ngalinye lamanzi. Le nhlanganisela ifakwa izinsuku ezintathu. Ukumnika kufuthwa njalo emahoreni amahlanu. Ama-crust owomile angavikela futhi inhlabathi ngokubeka ngaphezulu.

Akunakwenzeka njalo ukubhekana ngempumelelo nama-aphid ngosizo lwamakhambi wesintu. Izixazululo nezinhlanganisela aziqongeleli ezitshalweni nasemhlabathini. Amaqanda aphid noma iziphungumangathi ezingenalo ikhono zingakha kabusha ikoloni bese lihlasela i-orchid futhi.

Funda kabanzi ngamakhambi wesintu wokulawulwa kwe-aphid lapha.

Imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali neyebhayoloji

Ama-insecticide, ngokungafani namakhambi wesintu, ngaso sonke isikhathi abhekane nomsebenzi wawo. Udinga ukukhetha ikhemikhali efanelekile ephephile ukusetshenziswa ekhaya:

• "Umphathi" - 1 ml wamalitha amabili amanzi. Kuhloselwe ukulwa nabadala nezibungu. Ikholoni lifa amahora ambalwa ngemuva kokufafaza, umphumela uhlala cishe amasonto ama-2. Umuthi awunaphunga.
• "Aktara" - 2 g ngamalitha angu-2,5 wamanzi. Athinteka kuma-orchid. Ngemuva kokufafaza, i-aphid iyanyamalala ngemuva kwamahora angama-24. Kusetshenziswa amaqabunga ne-substrate. I-ejenti ingena ekujuleni kwesitshalo, ngakho-ke umphumela uhlala isikhathi esingangenyanga.
• "UTanrek" - 1 ml wamalitha amabili amanzi. Kuyadingeka ukufafaza amaqabunga nezimbali ngalokhu kulungiselela. Ingena kuzo zonke izitho zezitshalo. Umphumela uhlala inyanga. Isidakamizwa sinephunga elincane elinyamalala ngokushesha okukhulu.

Abalimi beluleka ukumboza i-orchid ngesikhwama ngemuva kokusebenzisa ama-insecticide. Ngakho ikhambi lizosebenza ngokushesha, nephunga lekhemikhali ngeke lisabalale kulo lonke ifulethi.

Ama-biologicals asebenza kancane, angasetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa namakhemikhali:

• I-Fitoverm - 2 ml zomuthi ngama-250 ml wamanzi ngamunye. Ikhubaza ama-aphid emahoreni ambalwa. Umkhiqizo uqukethe ubuthi - i-aversectin C. Ifihlwa yi-streptomycete fungus. Umuthi ufafazwa emaqabungeni nasezimpandeni zembali.
• "Aktofit" - 8 ml zomuthi ngelitha elilodwa lamanzi. Isitshalo sifuthwa ngaso. Umphumela wokuvikela uhlala amahora angama-48. Ama-aphid awawona umlutha kusuka kumuthi. Umkhiqizo usekelwe kwi-toxin efanayo i-aversectin.
• "I-Lepidocide" - 3 ml yomuthi ngelitha elilodwa lamanzi. I-ejenti ifafazwa emaqabungeni nasezimpandeni ze-orchid. Isidakamizwa singena ohlelweni lokugaya ukudla lwe-aphid bese luyikhubaza. Izinambuzane zifa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Ukulungiselela kusekelwe ekuxakekeni kobuthi nezinhlamvu zamagciwane enhlabathi.

Inkomba! Imithi yokubulala izinambuzane yemvelo isebenza kancane kodwa ihlala isebenza ngempumelelo. Izinambuzane azilutheki, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisa umuthi ofanayo kaningana.

Ungafunda ngezindlela eziyinhloko zokulwa nezintwala lapha, futhi sikhulume ngezindlela zamakhemikhali zokulwa nezintwala ekhaya lapha.

Sincoma ukuthi ufunde izinto zethu mayelana nokuvela kwama-aphid kuma-roses, ukhukhamba, ama-currants, upelepele nokuthi ungalwa kanjani nezinambuzane.

Yini okufanele uyenze ukuvimbela ukutheleleka?

1. Okokuqala, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuvimbela izinambuzane. Izimbungulu ze-Aphid azithandi umswakama, zizala kahle ezindaweni ezomile. Umswakama kufanele ugcinwe ngaphakathi kwama-60%. Lokhu kuzosiza hhayi kuphela ukusindisa isitshalo ezinambuzane, kodwa futhi kusheshise ukukhula kwaso.
2. Umhlabathi akufanele uhlale womile; ukuchelela kuyadingeka njalo ngesonto. Lesi sitshalo singafuthwa ngamanzi afudumele ukuvikela izinambuzane. Kodwa-ke, umswakama akufanele uqoqane emaphethweni amaqabunga nezimbali.
3. Ukuntuleka kwezakhamzimba kunomthelela ekubonakaleni kwezintwala. Amasosha omzimba angaxegiswa ukuntuleka kwensimbi, okungasiza i-orchid ukuba ibe sengozini yezintwala.
4. Isilinganiso esingalungile sikamanyolo kanye nezingxube zomsoco kungaholela ekwandeni kwenhlabathi nge-nitrogen. Lokhu kuthanda ukuvela kwezimbungulu.

Ukondla okufanele kusiza isitshalo ukuthi simelane nokwelapha izingxenye zesitshalo ezigulayo.

Lapho uthenga imbali, kufanele ihlolwe kahle, hlola isiqu nawo wonke amaqabunga ukuthola amafinyila anamathele noma ezinye izindawo ezithintekile. Endlini, kungcono ukushiya i-orchid endaweni ekude nezinye izitshalo. Mbuke izinsuku ezimbalwa. Lapho ufaka, faka amagciwane ku-substrate nembiza.

Ama-aphid amancane angabonwa ngokushesha emaqabunga noma amahlumela amancane e-orchid. Zithelela imbali, zidle amajusi ayo futhi ziholele ekufeni kwezingxenye ezithile noma sonke isitshalo. Kumele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezifika ngesikhathi ukulwa nalesi sifo. Sebenzisa amakhambi wesintu noma wamakhemikhali, kanye nokuvikela.

Bukela ividiyo: Life cycle of aphids (May 2024).