Ukuqalisa - kuyini: incazelo kanye nencazelo yethemu, izigaba zokuthuthuka kwephrojekthi yokuqalisa + imibono engu-TOP-10 ehamba phambili yokuqalisa ngotshalomali oluncane

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Sawubona, bafundi abathandekayo be-Ideas for Life magazine magazine! Kulesi sihloko sifuna ukukutshela kuyini ukuqala (ukuqala) ngamagama alulaungayakha kanjani nokuthi ungayithola kuphi imithombo yezimali yokwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi.

Ngendlela, ubonile ukuthi idola selivele libiza malini? Qala ukwenza imali ngomehluko wamanani wokushintshana lapha!

Uzwa kangaki igama lokuqalisa kulezi zinsuku? Kepha isivele yacishe yahlangana futhi ihlala ihlangana nayo empilweni yansuku zonke. Abanye abantu babiza ukuqala kuphela ibhizinisi kwi-Intanethi, abanye bakholelwa lokho Qalisa Ngokuvamile noma iyiphi iphrojekthi yebhizinisi.

Uma phakathi kwabafundi kukhona osomabhizinisi abasha, abatshalizimali be-novice, noma okungenani theorists ezezimali, khona-ke le ncwadi izokusiza ukuyifunda. Ngoba indaba izogxila kakhulu imiqondo eyisisekeloehambisana negama "Qalisa", Umlando wemvelaphi yawo, izigaba zokudala futhi ukuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi wokuqalisa kanye nemithombo yezimali zabo.

Ngakho-ke, uzofunda kule ndatshana:

Kuyini ukuqala empeleni - izici eziyinhloko nezici;
Ungayakha kanjani ngokuzimela iphrojekthi yokuqalisa ephumelelayo;
Ungazitholaphi futhi kanjani izimali zamaphrojekthi wokuqalisa;
Ngubani ukuqala.

Futhi i-athikili ihloselwe labo abaziyo ngokuzibophezela kwezezimali zalolu hlobo ngezinkulumo futhi bafuna ukufika ekugcineni kweqiniso.

Esihlokweni, sichaze ukuthi kuyini ukuqala, sanikeza incazelo ephelele yegama elithi "ukuqala" ngamagama alula, sanikeza izigaba ezisemqoka namaphuzu asemqoka ekwakhiweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwamaphrojekthi, futhi saphakamisa namaphrojekthi wokuqalisa afanele futhi athokozisayo webhizinisi elincane

1. Kuyini ukuqala - umlando nencazelo ngamagama alula 📃

Kude kakhulu 1939 unyaka e-United States, ngaseSan Francisco, okwakuyisikhungo sokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe obusha, abathweswe iziqu eStanford University, UDavid Packard futhi UWilliam Hewlett, yathuthukisa umqondo, yawuhlola ngokusebenza futhi babize iphrojekthi yabo njengesiqalo (kusuka esiNgisini Qalisa - gijima, qala).

Namuhla, le phrojekthi yaziwa njengenkampani enkulu ekhiqiza amakhompyutha, ama-laptops, okokusebenza kwamahhovisi kanye nesoftware ehlobene nayo ngaphansi kwelogo I-HP, noma IHewlett-Packard.

Kamuva ku- 90s, abezimali abaningi kanye nosomabhizinisi baphikisana nencazelo yegama elithi ukuqala, bebiza isici esiyinhloko sesici esifushane somsebenzi onamandla wenkampani, noma ukukhula okuphoqelekile okuphoqelekile, noma ukwenziwa komkhiqizo noma insizakalo endaweni enobungozi obukhulu.

Incazelo yakudala yomqondo wokuqalisa ithathwa njengeyona eyaqalwa yisiqalo seMelika esiphumelelayo uStephen Blank, okungukuthi:

«QalisaNgabe isakhiwo sesikhashana esihlose ukuthola nokusebenzisa umqondo webhizinisi ongahlukeki ".

Kalula nje, Qalisa – lena iphrojekthi entsha yezezimali, umgomo wayo ukuthuthuka okusheshayo nenzuzo.

Kodwa ingabe kulula kanjalo? Ngemuva kwakho konke, uma uthembele kule ncazelo emfushane, khona-ke wonke amabhizinisi amasha asungulwe angaziqhenya ngokuthi yiprojekthi yokuqalisa.

Akusizi ngalutho ukuthi ubuchwepheshe obusha bukhulunywe endabeni yokwakhiwa kwenkampani yeHewlett-Packard. Emva kwakho konke, umkhiqizo wokuqala okhishwe yi-HP kwakuyi-generator evamile, lapho kwakusetshenziswa khona isibani esilula se-incandescent njenge-resistor.

Lokhu kusungula (into emisha nje!) Kwenze i-generator yazinza kakhudlwana, futhi ngasikhathi sinye yehlisa izindleko zayo. Ngakho-ke iphrojekthi yaba ukuncintisana futhi kunenzuzo.

Ngakho-ke, isici esiyinhloko sokuqalisa ukusetshenziswa ngqo kwanoma yikuphi ubuchwepheshe bamuva, akekho omunye umuntu akuvivinywanga ngaphambili.

Isibonelo, ukuvula ikhefi lendabuko Ingabe kungumsebenzi webhizinisi ojwayelekile, kepha uma insizakalo ekuleli cafe yenziwa ngendlela entsha ngokuphelele, enesisekelo semibono futhi evunyiwe ngokwezezimali, lena yiprojekthi yokuqalisa.

Abanye okuyiphutha umbono uyinkolelo yokuthi ukuqalisa empeleni kungumsebenzi owenziwe kwi-Intanethi. Kukhona, kunjalo, izizathu zesitatimende esinjalo: manje umkhakha webhizinisi le-Intanethi uthuthuka ngamandla kangangokuba cishe zonke izinto ezintsha zixhunywe ngqo nenethiwekhi yomhlaba wonke. Ngakho-ke, iningi labantu abangaqondi ngokujulile ubunzima bebhizinisi nobuchwepheshe obusha babiza noma iyiphi iphrojekthi ye-Intanethi ngasikhathi sinye ukuqala.

Yiziphi ezinye izici ezihlukile zokuqalisa ezikhona?

Ukwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo, insizakalo, umbono, enikezwa yinkampani entsha esanda kusungulwa (ukuze kuqaliswe iphrojekthi kubalulekile ukwakha inhlangano esemthethweni), njalo iqembu labantu abanomqondo ofanayo.

Kuleli thimba, wonke umuntu unezibopho zakhe, kepha babumbene ngenkolelo yokuthi umphumela wento efanayo uyadingeka kubantu futhi ungathuthukisa impilo ngokujwayelekile.

Akunandaba ukuthi kuzwakala kuzwisa usizi kangakanani, umkhuba ukhombisa ukuthi kuphela lawo maphrojekthi okuqala aqale ngokunembile ngokwakhiwa komqondo onjalo womhlaba wonke, bakwazi ukunqoba bonke ubunzima bokukhula nentuthuko buphenduke ibhizinisi elinenzuzo yesikhathi eside.

Iphrojekthi yokuqalisa, njenganoma yimuphi omunye umsebenzi, idinga ukungena kwemali.

Kepha kwenzekile ukuthi ukuqala cishe cishe njalo abantu abasha, abafundi futhi ngisho abafundiabangenayo imali eyanele yokuthuthukisa iphrojekthi yabo, futhi umsebenzi wabo wehlukile: kufanele bathuthukise umbono, umkhiqizo, insizakalo abayinikezayo.

Ngakho-ke, ingxenye ebalulekile yokusebenza kuphrojekthi ukuthola imithombo yezimali. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho iphrojekthi iqhubeka, kudingeka imali ethe xaxa. Ubani ovame ukuxhasa ngezimali amaphrojekthi anjalo nokuthi angayitholaphi le mithombo kuzochazwa kabanzi ekuqhubekeni kwendatshana.

Qalisa- iphrojekthi encane ngokuphelele, esekwe kumqondo othile omusha ongakaze usetshenziswe yinoma ngubani phambilini;
Iphrojekthi ingakhiwa kunoma iyiphi indawo yempilo: umuthi, ukuhweba, ezokuthutha, izinsizakalo, njalonjalo;

Ukuthuthuka ngempumelelo kwephrojekthi yokuqalisa kudinga iqembu elisondelene labathuthukisi nabasizi, kanye nemali eyanele kuze kufike isikhathi lapho iphrojekthi iba nokuzimela nokuzuzisa.

Izinkinga ezinkulu zokuqalisa nezici lapho uzidala

2. Izici zokuqala kukaRussia 📑

Ngokwehlukana, kufanele kuthiwe mayelana nokudala nokwakha amaphrojekthi wokuqalisa eRussia.

Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi iRussia isalele emuva kakhulu eNtshonalanga ekwakheni umkhakha webhizinisi. Ngakho-ke, yini e-USA naseYurophu osekuphele isikhathi eside ukuba yinto entsha futhi esethole amafomu asunguliwe, sidlula esigabeni sokukhula ngokushesha nokwakheka nje. Ikakhulu, lesi sitatimende sisebenza kuziqalo.

IRussia ayikaze ibe nokushoda kobuchopho obuhle nemibono ekhanyayo. Namuhla, kunezimo zokuqalisa kwemibono ethokozisayo. Kepha njengoba wazi, noma yimuphi umgqomo woju unezimpukane zawo emafutheni.

Izinkinga ezinkulu zokuqalisa eRussia

Abahlaziyi bakhomba izinkinga ezi-3 (ezintathu) ezibhekene neziqalo zaseRussia:

Inkinga 1. Ukuxhaswa ngemali

Inkinga ivela ngokushesha lapho iphrojekthi iqala ukudinga ukwesekwa kwezezimali.

Ukuthola imithombo yezimali akulula ngisho nosomabhizinisi abadala abanohlonze abanebhizinisi elinenzuzo elisunguliwe nedumela elihle. Yini esingayisho ngabantu abasha abangenalo idumela noma inzuzo kusuka kuphrojekthi yabo okwamanje.

Amabhange cela inzalo ephezulu yemalimboleko, okuthi noma ikanjani kumele ibuyiswe.

Ukuqoqwa kwemali yabantu abaningi engxenyeni yaseRussia ayikakhiwa kangako, futhi ukusakazwa kwezindawo ezisentshonalanga kuhlotshaniswa nobunzima bokuguqula nokukhipha imali. Ngemininingwane eminingi ngokubuyiselwa kwemali kwabantu, kuyini, yiziphi izingosi zaseRussia, nokunye, sabhala ezindabeni ezedlule.

Izimali ze-Venture beka phambili imibandela eminingi ngaphambi kokunikeza iqembu elincane usizo lwezinto ezibonakalayo.

Kuhlala ukuthembela kwizimali zomuntu siqu, usizo oluvela emndenini nakubangane, noma zama ukufuna ingelosi yebhizinisingubani ozokholwa kuphrojekthi futhi axhase ukuthuthukiswa kwayo.

Ukunqoba lobu bunzima, mhlawumbe, ikakhulukazi kunquma impumelelo yayo yonke iphrojekthi ngokuphelele.

Inkinga 2. Isikhathi sokuqalisa sokuqalisa

Enye inkinga ihlobene nokuntuleka kolwazi ngombono wokukhuthaza ama-startups ngesikhathi. Ngokwayo, iphrojekthi enjalo ayibonakali kuphela ngentuthuko, kodwa ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo. Futhi unikezwe lesi sigaba kusuka ezinyangeni eziyisithupha (eziyisithupha) kuye kwezingu-8 (eziyisishiyagalombili)... Futhi-ke, uma iphrojekthi ingaqali ukwenza inzuzo futhi izikhokhele, ivaliwe.

ERussia amaphrojekthi okuqala angaphumeleli ahudula iminyaka, encela imali ekuqaleni kanye nabatshalizimali uqobo futhi aphenduke amabhizinisi angenathemba angenathemba.

Inkinga 3. Ukuqaliswa kwephrojekthi

Kunenkinga eyodwa enkulu kakhulu eRussia emkhakheni wokuqalisa ukusebenza.

Iqukethe ukungabi nentshisekelo phakathi kwezinkampani ezinkulu zokukhiqiza ekutholakaleni nasekuthuthukisweni okuthuthukile kwentuthuko entsha ephumelelayo.

Noma ngabe lokhu kungenxa yenqubomgomo ejwayelekile yombuso, engakunaki ukudala izimo zokuvela kwalolu hlobo lwamabhizinisi, noma nje imboni yokuqalisa isesezingeni eliphansi - kunzima ukusho.

Kuhlala kunethembaukuthi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuqala kweRussia kuzoba nokusekelwa okunamandla ngohlobo lwama-ejensi kahulumeni anentshisekelo yokwakha ubuchwepheshe obusha ekusebenzeni nasekungeniseni kwabo ekukhiqizeni okukhona kwezimboni.

Cishe kuzo zonke izigaba zokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi yokuqalisa eRussia, kunezinkinga ezinzima ezihambisana nohlelo lwemvelo olungaphelele lwamaphrojekthi anjalo kanye nokungaqiniseki ngokuqhubeka kwawo.

Izigaba zokuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi webhizinisi + ithebula lokuqhathanisa

3. Izigaba ezisemqoka zokuthuthukiswa kwamaphrojekthi wokuqalisa 📊

Njenganoma iyiphi iphrojekthi, isiqalo sidlula emabangeni amade asendleleni yokuba sibe.

Kufanele kuqashelwe zisuka nje ukuthi ukwahlukana okunjalo kuyalinganiselwa futhi kuya ngenhloso futhi ukugxila kwephrojekthi, kububanzi bemisebenzi yakhe nezinye izindlela, okuzothinta ijubane lentuthuko, nenani kanye nezinga lokutshalwa kwemali kuphrojekthi, nomphumela wenkampani yokuqala.

Lesi sigaba sincike ekwakhiweni kukaStephen Blank ofanayo, umbhali wencwadi ethi “Izinyathelo ezine zokuqonda”, Lapho echaze khona imodeli yokuthuthuka kancane kancane kokuqala nokusetshenziswa ngokucophelela kwezimali zokutshala imali. Le modeli kamuva yaba yisisekelo sefilosofi yokuqalisa emincane ka-Eric Rees.

Isigaba 1. Ukuzalwa kwesiqalo (pre-seed, noma pre-seed)

Lesi yisigaba sokuvela komqondo. Umbono okhetheke kakhulu, osuselwe ohlotsheni oluthile lwezinto ezintsha umkhiqizo, insiza, ubuchwephesheuyakwazi thuthukisa futhi wenze impilo ibe lula, shintsha umkhiqizo okhona, uthuthukise ukusebenza komuthi, njalonjalo, ngokuya ngobubanzi bomdali womqondo.

Kulesi sigaba iqembu labantu abanomqondo ofanayo lakhiwa, abasizi abakholelwa ekusebenzeni kwebhizinisi elikhulelwayo, uhlelo olulinganiselwe lokuthuthukiswa komqondo luyakhiwa, izinketho zokuthola abatshalizimali zibhekwa, futhi uhlobo lomkhiqizo, insizakalo, ubuchwepheshe, uma seludaliwe, luyahlolwa.

Imali iyadingeka kuleli banga, noma ngabe okuncane... Imvamisa, amathuluzi wabathuthukisi, imindeni yabo nabangane asetshenziswa lapha.

Uma kunesidingo futhi kungenzeka, kunengqondo ukuqala ukuqala ukuxhumana incubator yebhizinisi, lapho anganikezwa khona indawo yehhovisi ngezokuxhumana ezixhunyiwe nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinsizakalo, kusuka kubunobhala kuya kwezomthetho nasekubonisaneni.

Ukuthola umtshalizimali kulesi sigaba kunzima kakhulu, ngoba iphrojekthi ayikabi nayo impumelelo umuntu angahlulela ngayo ukusebenza kwayo.

Noma kunjalo, kufanelekile ukuzama, ngoba kunezinkampani zokutshala imali ezikhethekile ekutshaleni imali ekuqaleni kwezinyathelo zokuqala zentuthuko.

Izinhlangano ezinjalo azinayo imali eningi, kepha ngasikhathi sinye zinezixhobo eziqinile zokuhlaziya ukwenza ukuhlolwa nokubala amathemba okutshalwa kwezimali.

Isigaba 2. Ukwakhiwa kwesiqalo (imbewu, noma imbewu)

Esigabeni sembewu sokuthuthuka kwesiqalo, imodeli yokusebenza isivele ikhona, iqembu elididiyelwe kahle selakhiwe, lapho imisebenzi yelungu ngalinye isatshalaliswa khona ngokusobala, kwenziwa isu elinemininingwane lokukhuthaza iphrojekthi emakethe noma kumvelo yomsebenzisi, inhlangano esemthethweni yenziwe ngokusemthethweni, nezinyathelo zokuqala zithathiwe ekukhangiseni nasekufuneni abatshalizimali.

Umsebenzi wokuqalisa kulesi sigaba - lungisa uhlelo lokukhuthaza umkhiqizo futhi ubheke imithombo yezimali.

Yebo, yilezi zinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kunokuletha umkhiqizo, insizakalo, ubuchwepheshe uqobo ekupheleleni.

Ngoba ukuheha abatshalizimali - ibhizinisi elibukhali, elidinga isikhathi sokusesha ngqo, lokuxoxisana, lokuthatha isinqumo nokuqedela isivumelwano. Kwesinye isikhathi kungathatha inyanga noma ezimbili, noma ngisho nangaphezulu.

Ngalesi sikhathi, kungenzeka ukukhumbuza umkhiqizo futhi uthole ngisho nenzuzo ethile, okuzoba nomthelela omuhle esinqumweni somtshali-zimali sokutshala imali yakhe kulowo msebenzi othembisayo.

Ukuxhaswa ngalesi sikhathi sekuvele kubucayi kakhulu, ngoba kuyadingeka ukuthi kukhokhelwe umsebenzi wamalungu ethimba, ukuqasha kanye nokunakekelwa kwehhovisi, uma kunesidingo, izindleko eziphezulu.

Ukuthola umtshalizimali kulesi sigaba - umsebenzi futhi awulula. Ukutshalwa kwemali kuyadingeka ngaphezu kwesigaba sokuqala, futhi ayikho inzuzo okwamanje noma ayihlanganisi izindleko zamanje. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sekuvele kunezingozi ezimbalwa.

Futhi lapha inketho ekahle kungaba ukuthola ingelosi yebhizinisi, umuntu abale amathemba wephrojekthi futhi bafuna ukutshala kuyo ingxenye ethile yezimali zaboe.

Omunye umthombo wezimali ngalesi sikhathi uwukuthi ukubuyisa imali (imali yomphakathi) - ukuthola imali evela emphakathini wabantu abakulungele ukuhlanganisa imali yokusiza, kulokhu, ekwakhiweni kwephrojekthi yokuqala ethembisayo.

Isigaba 3. Ukuthuthuka kokuqala kwephrojekthi (i-Alpha version)

Isigaba sokuqala sentuthuko sibonakala ngokuba khona kwenkampani esebenzayo enenzuzo, enendawo evelele emakethe noma kwenye indawo yabathengi, futhi ithandwa ngabasebenzisi bomkhiqizo.

Umsebenzi wokuqalisa kulesi sigaba iba ukwakheka kokugcina komkhiqizo, insizakalo, ubuchwepheshe, ukulungiswa kwamaphutha akhonjiwe, ukungalungi, okungukuthi, ukuletha esimweni esihle.

Ngasikhathi sinye, ukukhushulwa komkhiqizo emakethe kuyaqhubeka, ukukhangisa okukhulu ukuze kwandiswe imali engenayo noma kwandise umbuthano wabathengi.

Isidingo semali esengeziwe sisalokhu sikhona, ngoba izindleko zokugcina inkampani nokwenza izinhlelo zokumaketha ziyakhula, futhi noma kukhona inzuzo, kepha ayihlanganisi zonke izindleko.

Isigaba sokuqala sentuthuko sokuheha abatshalizimali – Isikhathi segolide: bazitholela ukuqala kulesi sigaba sokuthuthuka. Lokhu kuyaqondakala, ngoba sekuvele kuyabonakala futhi ukusebenza komqondo uqobofuthi inzuzo yenkampanifuthi ezinye iziciokukhombisa amathuba okuqhubeka nokubambisana.

Lapha ungaxhuma izimali zebhizinisi lokutshala imali kanye nama-accelerator ebhizinisi - izinhlangano ezisebenza ngosizo lochwepheshe kuma-startups athuthukile alungele ukukhula abe yibhizinisi elikhulu.

Isigaba 4. Ukunwetshwa kwesiqalo (inguqulo ye-beta evaliwe)

Ukunwetshwa- Lesi yisigaba lapho inkampani inomkhiqizo osebenzayo oqediwe oletha inzuzo engaguquguquki.Isu lokumaketha kulesi sigaba lenziwe ngemininingwane emincane kakhulu, futhi inkampani ikulungele ukukala, okungukuthi, ukukhulisa ukuthengisa, ukusabalala ezindaweni ezihlobene zomsebenzi noma ukuheha abathengi abaningi.

Izinkontileka zisayinwa ngesikhathi sesigaba sokunweba ukuthengiswa kwezimpahla, izinsizakalo, ubuchwepheshe, izitolo ezintsha kuyavulwa, inani nekhwalithi yokukhangisa iyanda ukuheha abasebenzisi kwi-Intanethi.

Ngalesi sikhathi, ochwepheshe babheka ukwakhiwa okulungile kwale nkampani uqobo kanye nobudlelwano bayo nabatshalizimali njengomsebenzi obalulekile. Kuchazwa ukuthini? Abanikazi benkampani kumele banqume ngekusasa layo futhi, ngokuhambisana nalokhu, babela amasheya phakathi kwabo futhi benze ubudlelwano nabasomali ngokusemthethweni.

Uma abasunguli behlose ukuthuthukisa ibhizinisi, ikakhulukazi lapho omunye wabo futhi engunjiniyela womkhiqizo, kunengqondo ukubhekisisa imizamo yokuthola inzuzo ephezulu.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, efiselekayo umkhawulo inani lotshalo-mali kusuka ezimali zebhizinisi kanye beka ukubheja kozakwethu bebhizinisi.

Uma inkampani kufanele ithengiswe noma iphrojekthi ingasebenza kahle ngaphandle kokubamba iqhaza ngqo komsunguli, khona-ke umsebenzi kufanele kuhloswe ngawo ukuthola umtshali zimali ofanele ofuna ukuthenga isigxobo sokulawula ngentengo efanelekile.

Ukugcina isabelo esincane, isiqalo sithola ithuba lokuzibandakanya kwamanye amaphrojekthi.

Isigaba 4. Ukukhula kwephrojekthi (i-beta evulekile)

Empeleni, isigaba sokuvuthwa sikhombisa ukuthi iphrojekthi yokuqalisa isiphenduke ibhizinisi elibucayi, lapho inkampani iba sesikhundleni esiphambili noma esiseduze emakethe, inemali ekhokhelwa kakhulu, abasebenzi benkampani iyiqembu labachwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe, futhi umsebenzi wabo ulungiswe kahle.

Imvamisa, kulesi sigaba, inkampani iqala ukukhipha amasheya akhiqiza imali kubasunguli bayo.
Kwezinye izimo, inkampani ithengiswa njengebhizinisi le-turnkey.

Akungabazeki ukuthi ekwakhiweni kwephrojekthi ngayinye kungahle kube nenani elihlukile lezigaba... Kuya ngomgomo obekwe wonjiniyela wokuqalisa, inkambu yomsebenzi necebo lokuthuthuka lenkampani. Futhi iphuzu elilodwa kuphela elihlala liphoqelekile kunoma iyiphi iphrojekthi yokuqala: ngamunye wabo udinga umtshali-zimali!

Imithombo eyinhloko yokuxhaswa ngemali kuzoxoxwa ngayo engxenyeni elandelayo ye-athikili.

Siphakamisa ukutadisha itafula, elichaza ukuthi yini edingekayo esigabeni ngasinye sokuthuthukiswa kwesiqalo, nokuthi kuphi futhi yini imali edingekayo:

Isiteji	Yini ekhona?	Yini edingekayo?	Ezezimali
Ukuqala (ukubeka /pre-imbewu)	Umbono owenziwe, onjiniyela, iqembu labantu abanomqondo ofanayo.	Ukwenza uhlelo lwentuthuko, ukuhlola umkhiqizo, ukusesha abatshalizimali.	Izinga eliphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwezezimali zomuntu siqu, ukuheha umndeni, abangane; incubator yebhizinisi.
Ukwakheka (ukuhlwanyela /imbewu)	Uhlobo olusebenzayo (uhlobo oluthile) lomkhiqizo, iqembu elisebenzayo, uhlelo lokuthuthukisa ukumaketha oluningiliziwe.	Isingeniso somkhiqizo ekuthengweni kwemakethe / komsebenzisi, ukukhangisa, ukucinga abatshalizimali abakhulu.	Abaphakathi nendawo, abatshalizimali abavela eceleni, izingelosi zebhizinisi, ukuxhaswa kwemali ngabantu abaningi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi (A-version)	Inkampani esebenzayo, inzuzo, ukubonakala / ukuthandwa phakathi kwabasebenzisi.	Ukwenza ngcono inguqulo esebenzayo, ukulungisa ukukhubazeka, ukukhuthaza umkhiqizo emakethe.	Izinga eliphakeme: izimali zokuzibandakanya, izinkampani zokutshala imali, abatshalizimali abazimele, isivinini sebhizinisi.
Isandiso (B-version evaliwe)	Umkhiqizo osebenzayo ophelile, inzuzo ezinzile, ukuphathwa okujulile, ukukhangisa.	Ukuphetha izinkontileka zesikhathi eside nabalingani, ukwandisa inethiwekhi, ukwandisa inani labasebenzisi.	Ukusatshalaliswa kwamasheya phakathi kwabasunguli nabatshalizimali, funa umtshalizimali omkhulu.
Ukukhula (vula uhlobo lwe-B)	Isikhundla esiphambili semakethe, ukusebenza ngokushelela, inzuzo ephezulu.	Ukukhishwa kwamasheya, sesha umthengi webhizinisi elenziwe ngomumo.	Ukwaneliseka okugcwele kwenkampani.

4. Ungayikhanga kanjani imali ekutshalweni kokuqala - Imithombo ye-TOP-7 yezimali yephrojekthi yokuqalisa 📋

Senzeka kangaki isimo empilweni lapho “Nginombono, kepha akunamali"! Futhi kaningi lokhu kwenzeka ngokunembile ngamaphrojekthi okuqala, okuthi, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, adalwe ngabantu abasha abangenayo imali eyanele yokuxhasa iphrojekthi yabo.

Ngenhlanhla, okuphambene nakho kuyenzeka kaningi: “kukhona imali, kepha awazi". Kukhona njalo abantu abangakwazi ukuza nomqondo uqobo lwabo, kepha abanesipho sokubona amaphrojekthi athembisayo, bazi ukuthi angawathuthukisa kanjani futhi abesabi ukutshala imali kuwo.

Sikhuluma ngabatshalizimali nezinhlangano zokutshala imali ezigxile ekutshalweni kwemali ekuqaleni.

Kepha empeleni, kunemithombo eminingi kakhulu yezimali. Ngamunye wabo unezici zakhe ezihlukile namakhono esigabeni esisodwa noma ezimbili zokuthuthuka kwephrojekthi.

Ukutshala imali ekuqaleni - ukuthola umtshali zimali wokuqalisa: imithombo esemqoka yezezimali yephrojekthi

Lesi sigaba sendatshana sinikezelwe ekuhlaziyweni okuningiliziwe Izinhlobo eziyisikhombisa (eziyisikhombisa) eziyinhloko, noma imithomboukuxhasa ngezimali amaphrojekthi wokuqalisa.

1) Ukulondolozwa komuntu siqu kweziqalo

Kusetshenziswe ezigabeni zemvelaphi nokwakheka, nini umqondo womkhiqizo, insizakalo, ubuchwepheshe, kanye nohlelo lwebhizinisi lokuqalisa uqobo lwalo luyathuthukiswa, futhi akukho lutho olunikezwa abatshalizimali abavela eceleni. Ngendlela, sikhulume ngendlela yokwenza ipulani lebhizinisi kumagazini odlule.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umdali womqondo kaningi akafuni ukuhlanganyela yonke imininingwane nobuqili bemodeli ayithuthukisayo ngenxa yokwesaba ukulahlekelwa ngumlobi nokulawula intuthuko yephrojekthi.

Kulokhu, ukuheha utshalomali lomuntu wesithathu akunakwenzeka, ngaphandle kwalabo abangane nezihlobo eziseduze abakulungele ukukwenza.

2) Izimali zezihlobo nabangane

Asetshenziswa ezigabeni zokuqala zokuthuthuka kwephrojekthi, lapho sekuvele kunezindleko kepha ingekho inzuzo okwamanje. Kuleli qophelo, abangani nomndeni bangasebenza hhayi njengabasizi bezezimali kuphela, kepha futhi njengabasebenzisi bokuqala bomkhiqizo noma insizakalo.

Konje, abahlaziyi bathi lo mthombo wotshalo-mali weziqalo eRussia uvame kakhulu futhi usezingeni lesibili ngokwenani lezimali ezitshaliwe.

3) ukubuyiselwa kwemali kwabantu abaningi

Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-crowdfunding kungasetshenziswa ngokuqalisa ezigabeni zokuqala zokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi.

Kuyini ukubuyiselwa kwemali kwabantu abaningi? Lokhu ukuqoqa imali ngokuzithandela, hhayi okokusebenza kuphela, kwemicimbi noma ukwenziwa kwezinto namagugu. ezenhlalo, ezomphakathi, ezepolitiki, ezamasiko, ezesayensi gxila.

Ukubuyiselwa kwemali ngobuningi kwenziwa kaningi nge-Intanethi, futhi kubonakala ngokubeka imigomo ecacile, ukumenyezelwa kwemali edingekayo, ukubhajetha, noma ukubiza, futhi imininingwane evulekileyo njalo ivulekele ababambiqhaza eqoqweni.

Lolu hlobo lwezezimali luthandwa kakhulu eNtshonalanga kusukela 2000 futhi kusukela 2007 asathuthuka eRussia... Amapulatifomu e-inthanethi (kickstarter.com eYurophu nase-USA, umabokhandeln.biz futhi asandawo.ru engxenyeni ekhuluma isiRashiya ye-Intanethi), ongamemezela ngayo iphrojekthi yakho futhi ucele nosizo lwezezimali, nakanjani bazonikeza abagqugquzeli ukuthi basungule umklomelo wabahlanganyeli.

Ukubamba iqhaza eqoqweni kuklonyeliswa ngezindlela ezi-3 (ezintathu):

Izipho noma imiklomelo;
Ukuthola isabelo esincane kuphrojekthi yebhizinisi lapho imali inyuselwa khona;
Thola isabelo senzuzo yesikhathi esizayo noma ubuyisele kutshalo-mali.

Ubani ngokuyinhloko osebenzisa imali yokuqoqa imali ngobuningi?

Imvamisa, kunjalo, imali iqoqelwa ukudala ama-albhamu omculo, ukuqopha amafilimu, ukushicilela izincwadi, amaphrojekthi ezenhlalo nezokusiza.

Kepha, ngokwesibonelo, ngo-2008, uBarack Obama owaziwayo wabuthana kuphela esigabeni sokuqala somkhankaso wakhe wokhetho ngokusebenzisa imali ngaphezu kwama- $ 250,000.

4) Isikweletu

Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, isikweletu - enye yezinhlobo ezingathandeki kakhulu zokuxhaswa kwephrojekthi entsha.

Lokhu kuchazwa ngezizathu ezizwakalayo, okuyilezi: Qalisa- ibhizinisi nge izingozi ezinkulu, okuvame ukuba nzima ukubala, kubuye kube nzima ukuthola ukuthi inzuzo yenzuzo iphrojekthi ithini.

Ngakho-ke, kunengqondo ukuthatha imalimboleko yokuthuthukisa ibhizinisi elinjalo kamuva, lapho lezi zingcuphe sezivele zehlile futhi nenzuzo inyukile.

5) Ingelosi yebhizinisi ("umphathi" waseRussia osephelelwe yisikhathi)

Leli yigama labatshalizimali abazimele abatshala izimali zabo mathupha ezigabeni zokuqala zentuthuko yesiqalo futhi ngalesi sizathu kwesinye isikhathi babamba iqhaza ekuphathweni kwephrojekthi.

Ngokuvamile, ingelosi yebhizinisi Ingabe iphupho lakho konke ukuqala. Ngaphezu kwemali, futhi banesipiliyoni sobuchwepheshe kwezokumaketha nezezezimali, futhi ngenxa yesifiso sabo empumelelweni yephrojekthi, bangakwazi unikeze usizo lochwepheshe ezigabeni zokwakheka nokuthuthuka kokuqala.

Kepha kufanele sazi ukuthi ukuheha ingelosi yebhizinisi ekuqaleni, izigaba eziyingozi kakhulu zokuthuthukiswa kwephrojekthi kuzodinga ukudlulisela isabelo esikhulu sebhizinisi kubunikazi bakhe.

Uma inhloso enkulu yokuqalisa ukuthengisa ibhizinisi elenziwe ngomumo, lapho-ke ngeke kube nankinga. Kepha uma ukuqala kuhlose ukuqhubeka nokuzibandakanya ebhizinisini lakhe, khona-ke ubudlelwano nengelosi yebhizinisi nesabelo sayo ebhizinisini kumele bube semthethweni ngokusemthethweni. ekuqaleni kokubambisana.

Ngemininingwane eminingi ngokutshala imali ebhizinisini, yiziphi izindlela zokutshala imali ezikhona, sibhale ku-athikili ehlukile.

6) Izwe

Njengomthetho, lapho ecabanga ngokuthola umthombo woxhaso lwephrojekthi yakhe, usomabhizinisi ungowokugcina ukucabanga ngombuso nokusekelwa angakunikeza ekuthuthukiseni ibhizinisi lakhe.

Vele kunezizathu zalokhu: umbuso, ngeshwa, awuthandi osomabhizinisi abancane neziqalo ngokunakwa kwawo, futhi ukuze uthole usizo lwezinto ezivela kuwo, udinga ukwenza imizamo eminingi.

Kepha ngalokhu, ekuqaleni nje, kwakhiwa iqembu lapho wonke umuntu enza khona ibhizinisi lakhe: othile wenza umkhiqizo, othile wenza ezokukhangisa nocwaningo lwemakethe, futhi othile ukhathazekile ngokugunyazwa kohlangothi lwezomthetho lwecala kanye nezinkinga zokuthola ukwesekwa kwezezimali. Ngakho-ke, asikho isidingo sokuyeka ithuba lokuthola uxhaso oludingwa ngumthetho.

Ngakho-ke, yini uhulumeni angayinikeza ukusiza iphrojekthi yebhizinisi elincane?

Okokuqala nje, sonke isakhamuzi saseRussia sinelungelo loxhaso olungakhokhelwa lokwakhiwa nokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi laso. Akungabazeki, ukuze uthole uxhaso, kuzodingeka unikeze inombolo enkulu yemibhalo, nangemva kokuthola imali - imibiko ngokusetshenziswa kwabo. Kepha uma usondela odabeni ngokungathi sína futhi ukholelwa emphumeleni, khona-ke yonke le mibuzo iyasombululeka;
Okwesibili, isifunda ngasinye sezwe sakha izinhlelo zaso, noma izibonelelo, ukusiza amabhizinisi amancane naphakathi nendawo, kufaka phakathi ukuqala kokuqala, ikakhulukazi uma ukuqondiswa kwephrojekthi kuhlangabezana nezidingo zabahlali bendawo. Ungathola imininingwane mayelana nezinhlelo zokusekela esifundeni ngasinye, ngokwesibonelo, kuwebhusayithi yeFederal Portal Yamabhizinisi Amancane Naphakathi Naphakathi (smb.gov.ru);
okwesithathu, ukwesekwa kombuso kufaka phakathi ukudala izimali zokutshala imali, ama-technopark, ISkolkovo Science City, futhi yini okuthakazelisa kakhulu ngaphakathi kohlaka lwalesi sihloko, isinyathelo sikahulumeni sokwakha ama-incubators nama-accelerators for osomabhizinisi abafuna ukuvelela.

7) Isikhwama Sentengo

Ukuhweba (kusuka esiNgisini, venture- ibhizinisi eliyingozi), okungukuthi, lezo zimali ngokukhethekile ekutshalweni kwemali kumaphrojekthi anobungozi obukhuluyini ukuqala.

Izimali ze-Venture zitshala imali yazo abafaka imali futhi ophathina... Kepha, uma kunikezwe ubungozi bokutshalwa kwemali, bavame ukubeka phambili kakhulu izimo ezingezinhle zokuqalisa.

Ukuheha isikhwama sebhizinisi kungasiza ukuqala okuthuthukayo ngezigaba zokukhula nokukhula, lapho kudingeka utshalomali oluningi, kepha sekukhona inzuzo futhi nobungozi babatshali zimali banciphile ngokuphawulekayo.

Kulokhu, ungavumelana ngezimo ezizokwanelisa bobabili abaphathi besikhwama kanye nabasunguli bephrojekthi yokuqalisa.

Kukhona okungenani 7 imithombo yezimali yamaphrojekthi wokuqalisa... Ngayinye yale mithombo inama-nuances ayo futhi isebenza kuphela ezigabeni ezithile zokuthuthuka kokuqalisa.

Izingelosi zebhizinisi nezimali zebhizinisi zilungile ngokwenani lezimali ezitshaliwe. Lapho ungena esivumelwaneni nabo, ukubhalwa ngokucophelela kwenkontileka esemthethweni kuyadingeka.

Amathiphu wabaqalayo wokuthi ungayakha kanjani iphrojekthi yakho yokuqalisa

5. Ungakha kanjani ukuqala - TOP 5 amathiphu amahle kakhulu wabaqalayo 📝

Okufanele ukwenze kumuntu osebenzayo onakho cha ayikho imali enkulu, awukho umqondo omuhle, namandla, ulwazi nolwazi kudinga ukuphuma?

Ochwepheshe (ochwepheshe) bathi, noma umuntu engenaso isipho semvelo sokuzala imibono kuzo zonke izinyathelo, lapho-ke leli khono lingafundiswa ngokwakho, liqeqeshwe.

Futhi empeleni, kukhona ngisho nombono okhethekile wokuxazulula izinkinga zocwaningo, ezifushanisiwe I-TRIZukuvumela ukuthi ulawule inqubo yokwakhiwa.

Ngakho-ke, nazi izeluleko ezivela kubasebenzi zokwakha amaphrojekthi wokuqalisa:

Umkhandlu unombolo 1. Hlela futhi ubikezele

Konke imikhiqizo emisha, izinsizakalo futhi ubuchwepheshe bake baba bonke inganekwane nje... Futhi baba sibonga ngokoqobo ngesibindi sabadali babo.

Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhambisana nemikhiqizo emisha evela njalo, ikakhulukazi emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe bolwazi, futhi ubheke phambili kusasa.

Mhlawumbe kungalesi siqondiso somqondo esizosiza ekutholeni umbono ofanele ozoba yisisekelo sokuqalisa okuzayo.

Umkhandlu unombolo 2. Yiba uchwepheshe emkhakheni wakho

Osomabhizinisi abafikile kusuka ekuqaleni kuya ekuvuthweni, bathi kungcono ukungena ebhizinisini unolwazi emkhakheni okhethiwe, noma ngabe kuyisisebenzi esiqashiwe.

Ngaphakathi Ingabe indlela engcono yokuthola isipiliyoni namakhono obuchwepheshe kunoma yimuphi umkhakha. Bese usebenzisa lolu lwazi namakhono ngokwenza, ukuthuthukisa ibhizinisi lakho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunemikhakha enjalo yokusebenza, imininingwane yayo engeke ifundwe ku-Intanethi noma ithole ulwazi ngayo ezincwadini.

Futhi okuphambene nalokhounolwazi lokusebenza kunoma iyiphi inkampani egxilile (ngokwesibonelo, ezokwelapha, ezemidlalo, amasiko), ungakha umkhiqizo noma insizakalo eyingqayizivele ngokuphelele, ezophumelela.

Umkhandlu unombolo 3. Xazulula izinkinga ngendlela entsha

Imvamisa, ukubukeka okusha kwenkinga yakudala noma uhlobo oluthile lokungapheleli kusiza ekutholeni isisombululo esingalindelekile esizophenduka isiqalo esiphumelelayo.

Isibonelo
Ngesikhathi sokudalwa kwayo, iGoogle yayikude kunjini yokuqala yokusesha kwi-Intanethi. Kepha ngokususa izikhangiso kusayithi nokungeza izici ezimbalwa ezisebenzisekayo, abadali bathole umkhiqizo manje osekungowokuqala emhlabeni phakathi kwezinjini zokusesha.

Umkhandlu unombolo 4. Thuthukisa insizakalo kanye nekhwalithi yezimpahla / izinsizakalo

Ukuzama ukuthuthukisa amasevisi noma imikhiqizo esivele ikhona, ngeke uthole umbono webhizinisi lakho kuphela, kepha uzosiza nabantu abaseduze kwakho, abasebenzisi bale sevisi noma umkhiqizo. Empeleni, yilokhu okubaluleke ngempela!

Umkhandlu unombolo 5. Hlola izimakethe ezintsha bese usebenzisa iphrojekthi yakho

Izinkampani ezinkulu, ezithuthukayo, ezihamba phambili zakha izimakethe ezintsha, lapho kuthuthukiswa khona osomabhizinisi abasezingeni eliphakeme.

Isibonelo esivelele sebhizinisi elinjalo - IMicrosoft Corporation, eqale ngokwakhiwa nokuthengiswa kwesoftware yasekhaya eyenziwe yiMITS.

Thola umbono wokwethula iphrojekthi yakho yokuqala akulula kangako, kepha mhlawumbe.

Ukubuyekezwa kolwazi lwakho siqu, amakhono, isipiliyoni nokubheka ngesibindi esikhathini esizayo kungabasizi abaphambili kulolu daba!

Imibono emihle kakhulu yokuqalisa eRussia

6.I-TOP-7 imibono emihle yokuqalisa ngokutshalwa kwemali okuncane 💡

Umfundi unikezwa imibono eminingana efanelekile yokwakha ukuqala kwakho kusuka ekuqaleni noma ngomkhawulo ophansi wokutshala imali. Ngakho-ke, ungayenza kanjani imali ngaphandle kokuba nemali eningi yokuqala.

Umbono 1. Ukwakha isiteshi se-Youtube

Unayo imicabango ecebile nekhamera yevidiyo enhle? Ngemuva kwalokho unethuba lokwakha ibhizinisi lakho ngokwenza isiteshi sakho se-Youtube bese usigcwalisa ngokuqukethwe kwevidiyo okuthakazelisayo.

Ukuma kwamavidiyo kungaba yinoma yini (kwamukelekile emphakathini, kunjalo), isimo main - ukuividiyo ekhangayo esezingeni eliphakeme futhi ukulawula njalo inani lokuvakashelwa kwesiteshi.

Imali engenayo eyengeziwe izolethwa ngokukhangisa kanye nohlelo lokuhambisana nesayithi. Funda kabanzi ku-athikili - "Uyenza kanjani imali ku-YouTube kusuka ekuqaleni", lapho sihlolisise kabanzi ukuthi singasakhiwa kanjani isiteshi, sisikhangise nokuthi zikhona ziphi izindlela zokwenza imali ku-YouTube.

Lo mqondo uhlanganisa nokwenziwa kwe:

Amakilasi amakhulu;
Ama-webinar;
Izifundo zevidiyo;
njll.

Kubalulekile ukuthi unikeze abasebenzisi (amaklayenti) okuqukethwe okufunwayo nokudingekayo.

Umbono 2. Isitolo esiku-inthanethi

Umqondo wokuthengisa kabusha impahla nge-Intanethi kudala waba mdala. Futhi ngokwanda kokufunda kwabantu ngamakhompiyutha, ikakhulukazi emadolobheni amakhulu, sekube nzima ukuthola umthengi wezimpahla zabathengi.

Ngakho-ke, manje, ukuze wenze imali, udinga ukuthola nokuthengisa kabusha umkhiqizo okunzima ukuwuthola, kepha kunesidingo sawo. Ngendlela, sabhala mayelana nokuthi ungasivula kanjani isitolo esiku-inthanethi kumagazini wethu wokugcina.

Umqondo wokwenza ibhizinisi neChina ubaluleke kakhulu, lapho umqondo ukuthengisa kabusha izimpahla zaseChina ngezinsizakusebenza zewebhu ngokumakwa okukhulu kwezimpahla.

Lokhu kufaka nomqondo wokwakha isitolo esiku-inthanethi usebenzisa uhlelo lokudonsa phansi. Kuyini ukwehla, ukuthi yini abahlinzeki abakhona ngokwalolu hlelo nokuthi bangakha kanjani ibhizinisi ngokwalolu hlelo, sesikubhalile ku-athikili.

Umbono 3. Imikhiqizo enobungani bemvelo

Thola ukudla osezingeni eliphezulu edolobheni elikhulu, okungafakwanga ama-GMO, ukunambitheka namafutha esundu, - umsebenzi ongenakwenzeka... Futhi ukulethwa kwemikhiqizo evela ezindaweni ezihlanzekile ngokwemvelo, ezivela kumenzi, sekuba insizakalo efunwayo.

Thola abenzi, phetha izinkontileka bese ucabanga ngezinkinga zokulethwa komkhiqizo - akunzima, kodwa futhi akulula kangako.

Kepha ngokuhlela ngokucophelela nokuthuthuka okungaguquguquki, ungakha iphrojekthi yesikhathi eside ephumelelayo, ngoba isidingo sokudla kwekhwalithi siyohlala sikhona!

Umbono 4. Imishini yokukhipha

Imishini yokuthengisa iziphuzo, ikhava yezicathulo futhi ezinye izinto ezincane ezifanele iyaqhubeka nokufunwa kuze kube manje.

Uma ubheka umehluko ezindlekweni zesiphuzo esifanayo ku-cafe nasemshinini wokuthengisa, kungenzeka wenze inzuzo enhle. Kunikezwe, kunjalo, ukugcina ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Ngemininingwane eminingi mayelana nebhizinisi lokuthengisa nezinhlobo zemishini yokuthengisa, sabhala kokunye kokushicilelwa kwethu kwangaphambilini.

I-Idea 5. Ukudalwa kwezicelo zeselula

Sebenzisa lo mbono njengesisekelo sokuqala kudinga ukuthi usomabhizinisi abe namakhono akhethekile.

Kepha ngala makhono, ukuqala kungawathengisa ngokunenzuzo ngokwakha izinhlelo zokusebenza zama-smartphones. Akukho mali, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sabo, ukusebenza kanzima nokunambitheka.

Umbono 6. Ukudalwa kwezeluleko zomthetho online

Ingqikithi yokuqalisa ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zomthetho kwi-Intanethi (online) nge-software ehlukahlukene (i-Skype, njll.). Abameli nabameli banikeza ukubonisana okukude futhi banikeze izeluleko nezincomo ngokuya ngemithetho yezwe.

Umbono 7. Ukudalwa nokuthengiswa kabusha kwamasayithi

Umqondo wale phrojekthi yokuqalisa ukudala iwebhusayithi ngokuzimela noma ukuyithenga ngokuhwebelana okukhethekile (ngokwesibonelo, ngokushintshaniswa kwe-telderi.ru). Lapho-ke isayithi liyahlolwa, lihlelwe ngokuvumelana nayo yonke imingcele ye-SEO edingekayo futhi lithengiselwe umthengi-umthengi (ngokushintshana, ngokusebenzisa ezinye izinsiza zewebhu, ngesikhathi semihlangano yomuntu siqu, njll.)

Umbono 8. I-ejensi yokuhumusha eku-inthanethi

Kule phrojekthi, kukhethwe abahumushi abanesipiliyoni nabanekhono kuzo zonke izilimi zomhlaba (isiNgisi, iSpanishi, njll.), Abazokwazi ukuhumusha kude imibhalo nolwazi kusuka kuzinsizakusebenza ze-Intanethi ngesikhathi esifushane.

Umbono 9. I-ejensi yokukhangisa

Umqondo wokuqalisa ukuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokukhangisa ku-intanethi. Sesivele sibhale ngokuningiliziwe ngokukhangisa kwi-Intanethi ezincwadini ezedlule.

Umbono 10. Indawo yemakethe ku-Intanethi

Incazelo yephrojekthi yokuqala enjalo ukudala imakethe (ibhodi lezaziso) kwi-Intanethi. Kungenzeka udale insiza yewebhu yendawo (ngokwesibonelo, okwenziwa indawo ngeyesifunda, idolobha), lapho amakhasimende (abasebenzisi) azothumela khona izinsizakalo nezimpahla zabo, futhi inkampani yokuqalisa izothola iphesenti elithile lokubekwa okukhokhelwayo (ngokufanisa insiza ye-Avito.ru, auto.ru kanye njll.)

Eminye imibono yebhizinisi engabazekayo

Umqondo omubi wokuqalisa yikho konke okuvele empilweni yomphakathi ngenxa yezindlela zemfashini, akunandaba ukuthi zivela eMpumalanga noma eNtshonalanga.

Ngokwesibonelo, imigoqo ye-hookah seyiyizikhungo ezithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yezindleko zazo eziphansi zokulungisa: awudingi ikhishi nabasebenzi - abapheki, kwanele ukuphuza itiye nokubhema i-hookah. Kepha imfashini yabo isidlulile, nebhizinisi kwavela ukuthi ayifunwanga.

Esinye isibonelo esivela ochungechungeni olufanayo - isitolo esithengisa ugwayi we-elekthronikhi nemikhiqizo ehlobene nayo. Njengoba seziyimfashini ngokushesha okukhulu, osikilidi abasebenza ngogesi nabo basheshe balahlekelwa ukuthandwa ngenxa yokulimaza abakudalayo empilweni.

Futhi ekugcineni, ukuqeqeshwa kwabaqeqeshi... Imfashini yokuqeqesha nayo iqale ukudlula, ikakhulukazi njengoba bebaningi kakhulu, futhi bakhuluma ngento efanayo.

Imibono yokuqalisa ingatholakala kunoma iyiphi indawo yempilo.

Into esemqoka ukungaholwa yimfashini enomoya, kepha be based ngezidingo eziyisisekelo zabantu.

7.Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo 💬

Sizophendula imibuzo ebuzwe ngosomabhizinisi abaningi abasebenzayo nabasebenzisi be-Intanethi.

Umbuzo 1. Ukuqalisa - ungubani futhi unamiphi imisebenzi?

Ilungu ngalinye leqembu elibambe iqhaza ekwakheni nasekuthuthukiseni iphrojekthi yokuqalisa libizwa ngokuthi yi-startup, noma ngabe lenza muphi umsebenzi eqenjini.

Umbuzo 2. Ungaqala kuphi ukufuna umtshali zimali nokuthi ungamthola kanjani masinyane?

Njengoba sekuchaziwe vele kule ndatshana, ukufunwa kotshalomali kumele kuqale ekuqaleni kokwakhiwa kwephrojekthi yokuqalisa, ngoba leli akulona ibhizinisi elilula futhi lingabambezeleka.

Ungaqala kuphi ukusesha kwakho?

Nawa amaphuzu abalulekile okufanele uwagcine engqondweni:

Isikhathi 1. Ukukhetha kwabatshalizimali

Okokuqala, ukuziqalela yena uqobo kumele aqonde ukuthi hlobo luni lomtshalizimali aludingayo: umuntu ovele atshale imali ukuze enze inzuzo, noma ongasiza hhayi kuphela ngokwezimali, kodwa futhi abambe iqhaza ekuphathweni kwephrojekthi?

Ukubhekana nalolu daba, umnikazi wephrojekthi yokuqalisa udinga ukwethula umphumela wokugcina: kungaba ukuthengiswa kwebhizinisi elenziwe ngomumo, noma ukuqhubeka nomsebenzi ebhizinisini elidaliwe. Ukukhethwa kohlobo lomtshali-zimali nemibandela yokubambisana naye kuncike kulo mphumela.

Isikhathi 2. Ukuqala komqondo

Lapho unikeza umtshali-zimali ukuthi atshale imali kuphrojekthi, isiqalo kufanele siyethule ngasohlangothini oluhamba phambili, okungukuthi, umtshalimali ongaba khona kufanele abone ukuqala komqondo nohlelo lwebhizinisi olwenzelwe kahle ukukhuthaza umkhiqizo, insizakalo, ubuchwepheshe emakethe.

Futhi okwesibili kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba noma ngabe umbono ungowasekuqaleni kangakanani, ngaphandle kohlelo lokusebenza olunemininingwane, imali yentuthuko yayo ayikwazi ukwamukelwa. Ngemuva kwakho konke, noma yimuphi umtshalizimali uhlose ukwenza inzuzo, esheshayo noma yesikhathi eside.

Isikhathi 3. Ukudweba isethulo

Yebo, isethulo sizosiza ukwethula kahle umbono wakho kumtshalizimali wesikhathi esizayo. Inhloso ukuthelela umtshali zimali ngenkolelo yakhe ekudingeni nasemathemba ebhizinisi aliqalile.

Ungamthola kanjani umtshalizimali wokuqalisa - izindlela ezi-3

Ungamtholaphi futhi kanjani umtshali-zimali?

Kungenzeka 3 izindlela zokuthola umtshalizimali ukuqala ibhizinisi:

Okokuqala nje, uma ukuqala kuyinto entsha futhi inentshisekelo yezenhlalo, isayensi nomphakathi, lapho-ke ungaphendukela kuzingxenyekazi zokubuyiselwa kwemali ezigcwele, esezishilo lapha.
Okwesibili, uma iphrojekthi yokuqalisa inesimo esibucayi sesayensi, ulwazi, ukukhiqiza noma ubuchwepheshe, ngakho-ke kunengqondo ukuphendukela kumasayithi akhethekile nakwizithangami lapho kungaxoxwa nje ngezinkinga zebhizinisi jikelele, kepha futhi nabatshali bezimali abakhona. Banesifiso sokuthola amaphrojekthi anenzuzo.
Okwesithathu, ungaxhumana ngqo namawebhusayithi kanye namahhovisi ezinkampani zokutshala imali nezamabhizinisi amakhulu. Njengomthetho, ukusebenzisa izinhlelo zikahulumeni ukuxhasa amabhizinisi azimele, yilezi zinkampani ezibamba izingqungquthela, izingqungquthela, imincintiswano nemibukiso, lapho, ngaphezu kwemininingwane nokwesekwa kokubonisana, umuntu angathola bobabili abalingani nabatshalizimali bakusasa.

Umbuzo 3. Uza kanjani nomqondo omuhle wephrojekthi yokuqala futhi uyenze iphile?

Umbono omuhle Yilapho noma yikuphi ukuqala okuphumelelayo kuqala. Kunabantu abakha imibono enjalo ngokuvumelana okunomona.

Kepha kuthiwani ngalabo, abanesifiso kanye namandla okuqala ibhizinisi labo, abangakwazi ukunquma ngombono?

Iziqalo ezinolwazi zeluleka okulandelayo:

Umqondo omusha kufanele ulale ngaphezulu... Lokho wukuthi, kufanele kube yinto ejwayelekile, kepha engaphelele. Kungaphelele noma kuphazamise kangangokuba ufuna ukukulungisa futhi ngaleyo ndlela usize bonke abantu abavinjelwe yilokhu kungapheleli. Ngakho-ke, bhekisisa impilo yansuku zonke okuzungezile bese uqaphela noma yini edinga ukwenziwa ngcono nokulungiswa.
Ungesabi ukucabanga! Zonke izimpumelelo zakamuva zaziyizindaba eziqanjiwe, amaphupho futhi zazibukeka njengephupho. Kodwa kwenzeka ngoba othile wayengesabi ukuguqula iphupho libe iqiniso.
Bhala phansi noma yimiphi imibono nemicabango ethokozisayo, akunandaba ukuthi uziqambele wena ngokwakho noma uzwe ngomunye umuntu. Bese uzama ukubazama empilweni yangempela. Mhlawumbe yile ndlela oyothola ngayo leyo niche eyingqayizivele lapho ungafaka khona amakhono akho.
Uma uzizwa sengathi ubambe okuthile okuthakazelisayo, phenya ukuthi umbono wakho uyasiza yini... Amaforamu akwi-Intanethi, amasayithi akhethekile ngodaba, ingxoxo nabathengi abangaba khona kuzosiza ekutholeni ukubaluleka komqondo, ubukhulu bawo nesiqondiso sentuthuko.
Uma umbono utholakala, futhi uqinisekile ngamathemba awo, lapho-ke qala ukulingisa: yenza uhlelo, funa abasizi futhi abantu abanomqondo ofanayo futhi gijima iphrojekthi empilweni... Uma ungenayo imali eyanele ngisho nasezigabeni zokuqala, zama ukonga kukho konke ongakwenza, bese ubheka abatshalizimali ukuze bathuthuke ngokuqhubekayo.
Zethembele kuwe nasemandleni akho, yiba nethemba futhi uzimisele ngempumelelo. Kuzoba nobunzima obuningi kule ndlela, kepha umphumela ukufanele ukubunqoba.

Impilo yesimanje ithuthuka ngesivinini esisheshayo, okusho ukuthi imibono eminingi futhi emisha izovela njalo efanele ukunakwa nentuthuko. Futhi njengoba kunemibono, kusho ukuthi kukhona amathuba okusebenzisa amakhono akho namakhono akho.

Ekuphetheni, siphakamisa ukuthi ubuke ividiyo mayelana nokuqalisa (kuyini, kwenziwa kanjani futhi kukhuthazwe kanjani + izibonelo zamaphrojekthi wokuqalisa aphumelelayo anikezwa):

Futhi ividiyo "STARTUP SHOW evela kuDmitry POTAPENKO", lapho osomabhizinisi abasha bethula amaphrojekthi abo okuqala amabhizinisi amancane.

Udinga nje ukukholelwa kuwe, futhi, kusukela kokuncane, kancane kancane uye phambili, ubheke emiphumeleni ephezulu nasekuzuzeni.

Bafundi abathandekayo bewebhusayithi yeRichPro.ru, uma unemibuzo noma imibono ngesihloko sokushicilelwa, futhi uma ufuna ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakho ekwakheni nasekukhuthazeni ukuqala, bese ubashiya kumazwana angezansi.

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