Ukwengezwa kanye nokwenza ofeleba kwediphozithi - kuyini nokuthi ungayikhetha kanjani idiphozi enogcwaliso kanye nofeleba wenzalo ku-akhawunti + izinyathelo ezi-5 zokwengeza idiphozi
Sawubona, bafundi abathandekayo bemagazini ye-Ideas for Life! Namuhla sizokutshela ukuthi yimaphi ama-capitalization nokwelula isikhathi kwediphozithi, nokuthi yimaphi amabhange ahlinzeka ngamadiphozithi anenzalo yemali yenzalo kanye nokugcwaliswa kwemali.
Ngendlela, ubonile ukuthi idola selivele lingakanani? Qala ukwenza imali ngomehluko wamanani wokushintshana lapha!
Akuyona imfihlo ukuthi yimadiphozithi asebhange angenye yezindlela ezithandwa kakhulu zokutshala izimali zamahhala eRussia. Yingakho ukutadishwa kwemingcele yediphozi kungapheli ukusebenza.
Ngemuva kokuhlola ukushicilelwa okwethulwe kusukela ekuqaleni kuze kube sekugcineni, abafundi bazofunda:
- Kuyini ofeleba wenzalo kwi-akhawunti yediphozithi nokuthi kungenziwa kangaki;
- Kusho ukuthini ukwelulwa kwediphozithi futhi zithini izimo zayo;
- Ngingahlela kuphi imali enenzuzo ngofeleba, ukwengeza, nokugcwalisa kabusha;
- Ungabi nephutha kanjani lapho ukhetha idiphozi ngofeleba.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-athikili iqukethe imiyalo yokuthi ungakhetha kanjani ukutshalwa kwezimali okulungile ngofeleba, ukuthi ungayelula kanjani inkontileka. Futhi ekugcineni kokushicilelwa, ngokwesiko siphendula imibuzo ejabulisa kakhulu esihlokweni esicatshangelwayo.
Kuwusizo kuwo wonke umuntu ukuthi azi ngezimo eziyisisekelo zediphozi - labo asebevele benediphozithi; labo abahlela nje ukutshala imali ebhange; kanye nalabo abamane bathuthukise ukufunda ngezezimali... Funda kabanzi mayelana nakho konke okubalulekile ukukuqonda njengamanje!
Mayelana nokuthi kufakwa imali engakanani kufakwa inzalo kwi-akhawunti yediphozithi, kusho ukuthini ukwengezwa kwediphozithi nokuthi kwenzeka ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo, ukuthi ungayikhetha kanjani idiphozi enogcwaliso kanye nofeleba - funda kulesi sihloko
1. Kuyini ukufaka imali ngofeleba - umbono wokubuka konke + isibonelo sokubalwa kwediphozithi ngofeleba benzalo 📈
ERussia, amadiphozithi asebhange (amadiphozithi) agcine isikhundla sawo sokuhola njengendlela ende kakhulu iyonga futhi ukukhulisa izimali. Zithandwa ngabantu kanye nezinhlangano. Ubulili, ubudala, izinga lemali engenayo kanye neminye imingcele yabantu akubalulekile.
Izakhamizi eziningi zikuqonda kahle ukuthi kuyini Idiphozithi yasebhange... Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu ongachaza ofeleba.
Ngakho-ke, yini onhlamvukazi benzalo kwi-akhawunti yediphozi?
Usonhlamvukazi wenzalo ku-akhawunti yediphozi imele ukwengezwa kwemali engenayo eqongelelwe isikhathi esithile kuzimali ezitshaliwe kwidiphozi.
Ngamanye amagama, uma kunereferensi kufakwa osonhlamvukazi benzalo ngokwemibandela yediphozi, bahlala bekhulisa inani lediphozi. Umphumela wale nqubo ukuthi esikhathini esizayo, inzalo ayikhokhiswa kuphela kunani elitshaliwe, kodwa futhi nasemholweni oqoqiwe.
Isibonelo sokubala inzalo ediphozithi ngofeleba
Ngokuphelele futhi ngokuphelele ukuqonda okushiwo, kanye nokuhlola izinzuzo zokwenza ofeleba, ingaqhathaniswa kuphela ngokwesibonelo 2 inketho yokubalwa kwenzalo... Kulokhu, cabanga ukuthi inani lediphozi liyafana - Ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-100.
Ngokwemvelo, izinga lihlukile ezinhlelweni ezahlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kube lula ukuqhathanisa, sithatha ukuthi iphesenti liyafana futhi liyilo 12% ngonyaka (1% ngenyanga). Isibonelo, ake sithi leyo nzalo iyabalwa njalo ngenyanga ngosuku lokugcina lwenyanga. Isikhathi izimali ezabiwe ngaso, kithi, sizoba 3 izinyanga.
Izici eziqhathaniswayo zenzalo eyengeziwe yemali engenayo noma engenayo yokwenza imali:
| Inombolo elandelanayo yesikhathi sokuqongelela inzalo (inyanga) | Ukutshalwa kwezimali ngaphandle kofeleba | Umnikelo wonhlamvukazi | ||
| Inani le-akhawunti okubalwa kuyo inzalo | Inani lemali engenayo | Inani kwi-akhawunti, lapho kubalwa khona inzalo | Inani lemali engenayo | |
| Inyanga e-1 | 100 000,00 | 1 000,00 | 100 000,00 | 1 000,00 |
| 2 inyanga | 100 000,00 | 1 000,00 | 101 000,00 | 1 010,00 |
| 3 inyanga | 100 000,00 | 1 000,00 | 102 010,00 | 1 020,10 |
| Inani lemali engenayo | 3 000,00 | 3 030,00 | ||
Isibonelo sikhombisa ukuthi ukutshala imali kwidiphozi ngofeleba, umtshali-zimali uzothola imali ethe xaxa. Esibonelweni sethu, umehluko wawukhona kuphela 30 ama-ruble.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi empeleni, abatshalizimali batshala imali enkulu kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagama amafushane anje akuvamile ukuthi asetshenziswe, futhi isikhathi eside sokubekwa, yilapho umehluko emholweni uzoba mkhulu kakhulu. Sibhale ngokuningiliziwe mayelana nokuthi ungayitshala kanjani imali futhi kuphi endatshaneni ehlukile yomagazini wethu - sincoma ukuthi uyifunde ngokucophelela.
Imigomo yokwenza ofeleba wenzalo kumadiphozithi
2. Kukangaki ukwenziwa kwemali yenzalo kwi-akhawunti yediphozi kungenziwa? 📅
Ukuba khona noma ukungabi bikho kofeleba kwediphozithi ethile kusungulwa yimibandela yayo, eqinisekiswa yisivumelwano esiphelile. Kungashiwo okufanayo mayelana nobuningi bosonhlamvukazi, abangahluka.
Imvamisa, ukwenziwa kwemali kanjengokulandelayo:
- 1 ngosuku;
- masonto onke;
- njalo ngenyanga;
- kanye ngekota;
- Kanye ezinyangeni eziyisithupha;
- njalo ngonyaka.
Ukuze uqonde ukuthi imaphi ama-capitalisation anenzuzo enkulu, kungcono ukwenza izibalo ezizokuvumela ukuthi ubone umphumela ngamehlo akho.
Ngokwesibonelo, ake sithi idiphozi yenziwe Ama-ruble ayi-100,000 izinyanga eziyisithupha... Kulokhu, ukuze kube lula ukubalwa, isilinganiso sizothathwa njenge- 12% ngonyaka (1% njalo ngenyanga).
Umphumela wokubala wethulwe kuthebula.
Ithebula lokuqhathanisa lamadiphozithi anemvamisa ehlukene yokonga:
| Inombolo yesikhathi sokukhokha | Inani ekuqaleni kwesikhathi | Izindleko zenzalo | Inani ekupheleni kwesikhathi |
| Ngofeleba kanye ezinyangeni eziyisithupha | |||
| 1 | 100 000,00 | 6 000,00 | 106 000,00 |
| Ngonhlamvukazi ngekota | |||
| 1 | 100 000,00 | 3 000,00 | 103 000,00 |
| 2 | 103 000,00 | 3 090,00 | 106 090,00 |
| Onhlamvukazi benyanga | |||
| 1 | 100 000,00 | 1 000,00 | 101 000,00 |
| 2 | 101 000,00 | 1 010,00 | 102 010,00 |
| 3 | 102 010,00 | 1 020,10 | 103 030,10 |
| 4 | 103 030,10 | 1 030,30 | 104 060,40 |
| 5 | 104 060,40 | 1 040,60 | 105 101,00 |
| 6 | 105 101,00 | 1 051,01 | 106 152,01 |
Lezi zibalo ezingenhla zisivumela ukuthi siqonde ukuthi yini imali engenayo enkulu eletha Usonhlamvukazi wenzalo enokuvama okuphezulu.
Imiyalo yokukhetha idiphozi ngokugcwaliswa kabusha kanye nosonhlamvukazi benzalo
3. Ungayikhetha kanjani idiphozithi ngofeleba nokugcwaliswa kabusha - umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo wabatshalizimali be-novice 📝
Ezigabeni ezedlule ze-athikili, kuyacaca ukuthi ingqikithi nezinzuzo ziyini ofeleba... Kodwa-ke, namuhla kunenani elikhulu lamabhange emakethe anezimo namanani ahlukile. Labo abakhetha utshalomali olulungile okokuqala bangadideka.
Ngakho-ke, ngezansi sinikeza umhlahlandlela wesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ngokukhetha idiphozi enenzalo yokwenza imali yabatshalizimali be-novice.
Isigaba 1. Ukukhetha ibhange
Ngaphambi kokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-Intanethi, inkinga yokukhetha ibhange ukuphetha isivumelwano sediphozi ibingenzima kangako. Ngokwesiko, izakhamizi zaziqondiswa egatsheni lesikhungo sokuthenga ngesikweletu esiseduze namakhaya abo noma lapho basebenza khona.
Namuhla, sibonga ithuba faka isivumelwano kumodi eku-inthanethi, abafaka imali basebenzisana kalula namabhange angenawo ngisho amagatsha edolobheni lapho kuhlala khona isakhamuzi.
Uhlangothi olulodwa le ndlela inyusa kakhulu okunikezwayo, okungukuthi, abafaka imali bangakhetha inketho engcono kakhulu kunombolo enkulu yezimo.
kodwa ukukhetha okukhulu kuholela ekutheni abaqalayo bagijimise amehlo abo. Esimweni esinjalo, kuba nzima kakhulu ukwenza isinqumo esifanele.
Ngokuvula idiphozi ebhange elingumakhelwane, unga wedwa ukuhlola amakhono abasebenzi. Indawo nekhwalithi yokulungiswa kwehhovisi kukhombisa nesithunzi sesikhungo esikweletwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqoqa ukubuyekezwa kwangempela, kwangempela kulokhu kulula kakhulu kunokuphothula inkontileka online.
Ochwepheshe batusalapho ukhetha ibhange, okokuqala, unake i-its isilinganiso... Ukuze wenze lokhu kufanele ukuvakashelwa Ingosi ye-Intanethi yeBhange LaseRussia... Lapha ungathola imininingwane kuyo yonke imingcele yezikhungo zezikweletu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kule sayithi lapho ungathola khona idatha emabhange anezinkinga.
Ngokwemvelo, akufanelekile ukuphatha izimali ezikhungweni ezinedumela elibi. ngisho ezimweni lapho bebandakanyeka khona uhlelo lomshuwalense wediphozi... Imali etshaliwe, yebo, izobuya, kepha inzalo ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqothuka kanye nezinkokhelo ezifakwa kwabazofaka imali zizolahleka.
Kuphela ngemuva kokuthi kukhethwe amabhange amaningi athakazelisa kakhulu, lapho ungaqala khona ukuhlaziya nokuqhathanisa imibandela yamadiphozithi.
Isigaba 2. Ukuhlaziywa kwezimo zamadiphozithi
Ngemuva kokunquma ukuthi yiziphi izimfuneko umfakisimali anazo zamadiphozithi, kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela imibandela yezinhlelo ezihlangabezana nalezi zindlela.
Imvamisa, abafaka imali banaka le mingcele elandelayo:
- isilinganiso;
- isikhathi;
- inani eliphansi.
Omunye umbandela obalulekile yikhono gcwalisa idiphozi noma susa kancane imali evela kuye ngaphandle ukulahlekelwa inzalo... Lezi zimingcele zandisa ukuhamba kwezimali uma zibekwa isikhathi eside.
Ngamanye amagama, ofaka imali angaqongelela imali ngokwenza njalo iminikelo eyengeziwe kwidiphozi. Kubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi amabhange ajwayele ukusetha inani eliphansi lokugcwaliswa okunjalo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, akulula ukuqagela ukuthi imali izodingeka nini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kuyasiza ukubeka imali ngokwemibandela evumela lokho ukuhoxa okuncane.
Kufanelekile ukukhumbula, ngokufaka idiphozi nethuba lokuhoxa okuncane kwezimali uma kunesidingo, ungakhipha inani elithile ngaphandle kokunqamula isivumelwano. Ngokuthola okunjalo, amabhange ajwayele ukusethwa ibhalansi encane kwi-akhawunti yediphozithi, okumele ibe kuyo sonke isikhathi sesivumelwano.
Lapho ukhetha imali enesimo sosonhlamvukazi, kubalulekile ukuthi unake ukujwayela kokubanjwa kwayo.
Isigaba 3. Ukubalwa kwesilinganiso esisebenzayo
Lapho ukhetha idiphozi kusuka kokunye ongakhetha kukho, kufanele uqhathanise hhayi amanani akhonjiswe ezimweni, kepha ngempumelelo... Banikeza ithuba lokwenza ukuhlaziywa okulungile kwemali engenayo yangempela kusukela ngesikhathi sokuphela kwenkontileka kuze kube sekuvalweni kwayo.
Uma kukhona ipharamitha ye-capitalization ezimweni zediphozi isilinganiso esisebenzayoikuvumela ukuthi ucabangele ukwanda kwenzalo kwenzalo.
Abaxhasi bezimali bahlongoza ukuthola isilinganiso esisebenzayo besebenzisa ifomula elandelayo:
kuphi:
- I-EU - isilinganiso esisebenzayo;
- KUSUKA - isilinganiso senzalo kwidiphozi, eshiwo ngokwemigomo yaso;
- N - kukhombisa ukuthi kufakwa imali emikhulu kangaki phakathi nonyaka.
Ake sicabangele ukubalwa kwesilinganiso esisebenzayo usebenzisa isibonelo.
Ngokwesibonelo, imigomo yediphozi inikeza isilinganiso 12% ngonyaka ngofeleba nyangazonke. Ukufaka le datha kwifomula, sithola:
Ngakho-ke, ukufaka imali osonhlamvukazi ecaleni elibhekiwe kuholela ekwandeni kwesilinganiso sonyaka ngaphezu kwamaphesenti angu-0.5... Ngokubeka imali ku-12% ngonyaka ngofeleba nyangazonke, ofaka imali uzothola imali engenayo ngonyaka ngonyaka wenani lika 12,68% kwenani elifakiwe.
Akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukusebenzisa i-calculator yobunjiniyela ekuvumela ukuthi uphakamise inombolo kunoma yimaphi amandla. Ngakho-ke, sikweluleka ukuthi usebenzise yokubala ekhethekile online.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi imali oyitholile ithonywe ngu iminikelo eyengeziwelokho kukhulisa inani lediphozi. Ngokwemvelo, kuleli cala, inani lenzalo eqongelelwe nofeleba liyakhuphuka.
Okuphambene nakho kuyiqiniso - ukuhoxiswa okuncane kwezimali ku-akhawunti kuholela ekwehleni kwemali engenayo etholakele.
Isigaba 4. Ukuhlaziywa nokuqhathaniswa kwedatha etholakale ngesikhathi sokubala
Kusetshenziswa ifomula echazwe ngenhla, kuyadingeka ukubala isilinganiso esisebenzayo sazo zonke izimali ezikhethiwe.
Ukuhlaziya ezinye izindlela nokuqhathanisa imiphumela yokubala, ungenza ukukhetha okulungile ngokuvumelana nenye yediphozi.
Ukuqhathaniswa kweminikelo kuvame ukubheka:
- Isikhathi esingenzeka sesivumelwano;
- Ukutholakala kanye nobuningi bosonhlamvukazi;
- Izinga elisebenzayo;
- Ithuba lokugcwaliswa kabusha, kanye nokuhoxa okuyingxenye;
- Ukuba khona noma ukungabi bikho kwesimo sokuvuselela.
Isigaba 5. Ukukhetha inketho engcono kakhulu yokutshala imali
Imvamisa, izakhamizi zithatha isinqumo sokuphothula isivumelwano sediphozithi nebhange ukuze zikhuphule imali. Ngakho-ke, imali engenayo etholakele ezosebenza uma uqhathanisa amadiphozithi amaningi futhi ukhetha okukodwa. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi imali engenayo ediphozithi kufanele ikhokhwe intela.
Kubalulekile ukwazi! Namuhla Intela yomuntu siqu engenayo ayikhokhiswa kuzo zonke izinzuzo, kodwa kuphela kusukela kuleyo ngxenye yayo, ebalwa njengomehluko phakathi kwenzalo ediphozithi kanye nezinga lokuxhaswa kabusha, lenyuke ngamaphoyinti ama-5. Kulokhu, ngokuxhasa isabelomali kuzodluliswa 35%.
Ake sicabangele isimo esifanayo ngesibonelo.
Isibonelo sokubala inani lentela yomuntu siqu engenayo
Kusukela ngo-Ephreli 28, 2017, iRussia inayo isilinganiso sokuxhaswa kabusha kwemaliilingana ne- 9,25%... Obeka imali unquma ukutshala imali Ama-ruble ayi-100,000 ngaphansi 16% minyaka yonke.
Kulokhu, ukubalwa kwenani lentela kwenziwa kanjena:
- Inzalo ekhokhiswayo = (16 – (9,25 + 5)) = 1,75%
- Inani elikhokhiswayo = 100 000 * 1,75% = 1 750 ama-ruble
- Intela yomuntu siqu engenayo = 1 750 * 35% = 612,50 ama-ruble
Ngamanye amagama, ofaka imali esikhundleni sesithembiso Ama-ruble ayi-16,000 ngonyaka uzothola 15 387 ruble 50 kopecks.
Ngakho-ke, noma zinhlobonhlobo zanamuhla zokunikezwa kwediphozithi, kunengqondo impela ukukhetha okulungile. Kwalokhu kubalulekile thatha isikhathi sakho, wenze zonke izibalo ezidingekayo bese uqhathanisa imiphumela.
Kusho ukuthini ukwandiswa kwediphozithi - ukubuka konke kwemibono yomqondo + yokwelula idiphozi ebhange
4. Yini ukwengezwa kwediphozithi futhi kunikezwa ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo 📊
Lapho iklayenti lifaka phakathi kwediphozithi nebhange, kufanelekile inkontileka... Ilungisa imibandela yokubambisana phakathi kwalawa maqembu, kufaka phakathi nesikhathi imali ezofakwa ngaso.
Ngokwesiko, ubuncane besikhathi sediphozi ngu 3 izinyanga... Kepha kunamabhange akulungele ukuphothula isivumelwano isikhathi esithile kusuka 30 izinsuku... Isikhathi esiphezulu kuleli cala sivame ukulingana 1-2 iminyaka... Ngokungezelela isikhathi sesikhathi idiphozi ebekelwe sona, isivumelwano kufanele sikhombise ukuthi sikhona yini idiphozi ekhethiwe ukwandiswa.
Ukwandiswa kwediphozi - lokhu kungukunwetshwa kwesikhathi semali yomfakisimali kwi-akhawunti yasebhange, okusho ukuthi ukwanda kwenzalo ngemuva kokuphela kwesikhathi esiyisivumelwano.
Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zesandiso:
- Akuzenzakaleli. Uma isivumelwano singenayo inkomba yokwelulwa kwesikhathi, umfakisimali kuzofanele axhumane nebhange ekugcineni kwesikhathi sediphozi. Kulokhu, kunezinketho ezimbili zokuthuthukisa imicimbi: thatha imali yakho noma qeda inkontileka entsha.
- Okuzenzakalelayo. Le prolongation ukunwetshwa kwesikhathi sediphozi ngaphandle ukuphethwa kwesivumelwano esisha. Kuvela ukuthi iklayenti akumele lixhumane nebhange uma lingahlelile ukukhipha imali yalo. Ngokwesiko, inani lokuvuselelwa okuzenzakalelayo alinamkhawulo. Uma, ngokwemigomo yediphozi, eziningi zazo zivunyelwe, lokhu kufanele kunqunywe esivumelwaneni.
Kuvela ukuthi umehluko obalulekile phakathi kokuvuselelwa okuzenzakalelayo nokungavuseleli okuzenzekelayo ukungabi bikho kwesidingo sokwenza isivumelwano esisha sokufaka imali ukuze sandise isikhathi saso.
Endabeni yokwengezwa okuzenzakalelayo, ipharamitha ebaluleke kakhulu ekhathaza noma ngubani ofaka imali usayizi omusha isilinganiso senzalo... Kakade ngesikhathi sokuvalwa kwenkontileka, kubalulekile ukuyifunda ngokucophelela, ngoba kufanele kube nento ehlukile enanini lenzalo.
Kuyaqabukela, inani lediphozi elisha lihlala ezingeni elifanayo njengakuqala. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kungenxa yokwehla kwamanani wenzalo kumadiphozithi eRussia.
Ukunakwa kufanele kukhokhweukuthi kaningi ngokwandiswa okuzenzakalelayo, intshisekelo yethemu entsha isethwe ezingeni elisebenza njengamanje ngaphansi kohlelo olufanayo. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, idiphozi efanayo ebhange ayisatholakali. Kulesi simo, kungenzeka ukuthi imali izodluliselwa ku umnikelo ofanayo.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula, ukuthi uma kungekho ukuvuselelwa okuzenzakalelayo, inzalo ngeke ikhokhiswe nhlobo, noma izinga lizobekwa ezingeni le-akhawunti edingekayo. Ngakho-ke, ngokufanelekile, ngaphandle kokubakhona nokungabikho kokuzenzakalela okuzenzakalelayo, ngosuku lokuphela kwesikhathi sediphozi, kufanelekile ukuxhumana nebhange lapho livuliwe khona.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda hhayi kuphela ukuthi ukwengezelwa isikhathi kufanele noma cha kwediphozithi ethile, kepha futhi kuzokwenziwa ngaphansi kwaziphi izimo. Okubaluleke kakhulu kuchazwe ngezansi.
Isimo 1. Isikhathi sokuqhubeka
Imvamisa, isivumelwano sediphozithi sinwetshelwa isikhathi esifanayo esiphethelwe sona ekuqaleni.
Ngokwesibonelo, lapho wenza idiphozi ye- 12 izinyanga okokuqala, izovuselelwa kamuva ngenani elifanayo lezinyanga.
Obeka imali kufanele aqonde ukuthi kwezinye izimo isikhathi sesivumelwano ngemuva kokwengezelwa singahluka kwesokuqala. Isimo esinjalo sizolungiswa esivumelwaneni.
Isimo 2. Usuku lokuqala kwesikhathi esilandelayo sediphozi
Ngokwesiko, inkathi entsha yediphozi iyaqala usuku ngemuva kokuphela kwangaphambilini.
Ngamanye amazwiuma umnikelo uphela 1 Agasti, kepha umnikazi wayo ngeke eze ebhange, esevele evela 2 Agasti kuzoqala inkathi entsha.
Kepha ungakhohlwa ukuthi lapha, futhi, kukhona ukubhuka ngokwemigomo yediphozi. Lokho wukuthi, lo mthetho uyasebenza, ngaphandle kwalapho kuchazwe ngenye inkontileka.
Isimo 3. Shintsha ngezinga lenzalo ngokwengezwa kwesivumelwano sediphozi
Lapho kuvuselelwa isivumelwano, kuvame ukusungulwa isilinganiso senzalo esisha... Imvamisa, ilinganiswa naleyo esebenza kudiphozi efanayo okwamanje.
Ukwazi ukuthi imali izobekwa ngamaphi amaphesenti, kufanele unake imininingwane equkethwe kuwebhusayithi yebhange, noma ushayele ucingo kule nombolo. Kunoma ikuphi, isivumelwano kufanele siqukathe imininingwane mayelana nenzalo ngemuva kokwengezwa isikhathi.
Isimo 4. Ukungaguquguquki kokubheja okusha
Ngemuva kokudonswa kwesikhathi eside, ngesikhathi sokuvuselela isilinganiso HHAYI zizoshintsha.
Okusho ukuthi, lapho idiphozi inwetshelwa unyaka, ngalesi sikhathi, iphesenti lizohlala njalo. Izinga lizoshintsha futhi kuphela uma kwenzeka ukwengezwa okulandelayo.
Isimo 5. Ukubalwa kwenzalo kunani lediphozi
Uma ofaka imali engayikhiphi inzalo ngesikhathi sediphozithi noma ekugcineni kwaso, imali engenayo ifakwa esikhathini esandisiwe. Kuvela ukuthi ngesikhathi esisha, kuzokhokhiswa inzalo enanini elikhulisiwe, eliqukethe izimali zokuqala ezitshaliwe futhi imali engenile.
Ngakho-ke, ngokuphelele yonke imibandela yokwengezwa ichazwe ngokuningiliziwe ku- isivumelwano sediphozi yasebhange... Kubalulekile ukutadisha ngokucophelela imigomo yalesi sivumelwano, ngaphandle kwalokho ungazithola ususesimweni esinzima ngokungazelelwe.
Cabanga ngamacala amabili ajwayelekile:
Icala 1. Isikhathi sediphozi siphelile, kepha umfakisimali akakwazanga ukuvakashela ibhange ngesikhathi.
Ngenxa yalokho, ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kamuva, lapho efaka isicelo esikhungweni sezikweletu, wathola ukuthi inzalo itholakele kusukela ekugcineni ngesilinganiso sokufunwaokulingana nakho konke 0,01%. Lokhu kungenxa yokungabi bikho kwesimo sokuvuselela okuzenzakalelayo. Bekufanele ngenze isivumelwano esisha, kepha akekho ozofaka inzalo kusukela ekugcineni kwediphozi.
Icala 2. Isivumelwano besinomshwana omayelana nokwelulwa okuzenzakalelayo, ngakho-ke ofaka imali wanquma ukungayi ebhange ekupheleni kwesikhathi salo.
Kodwa-ke, akazange alinake iqiniso lokuthi ukunwetshwa kwenziwa ngezinga elisha okwamanje elisebenza esikhungweni sezikweletu. Ngenxa yalokho, iphesenti lehliswa. Ngasikhathi sinye, bekwenzeka ukubeka imali kwelinye ibhange ngezinga eliphakeme. Kuvela ukuthi umtshali zimali uphinde weqiwa yingxenye yemali engenayo engaba khona.
Imiyalo yokwelula isivumelwano sesibambiso
5. Ungayigoqa kanjani idiphozi ebhange - izinyathelo ezi-5 ezilula zabaqalayo 📋
Kuyasiza kubatshalizimali be-novice ukuthi bazi kanjani ukwengezwa kwediphozithi... Okokuqala, kufanelekile ngokucophelela funda imigomo yenkontileka. Uma iqukethe isigatshana ngokutholakala ukuvuselelwa okuzenzakalelayo, kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela imigomo nemibandela yayo. Uma ofaka imali eneliseka ngabo, akukho okumele kwenziwe.
Uma kungekho ukuvuselelwa okuzenzakalelayo noma uma imibandela yayo ingahambisani nomfakisimali, kuzodingeka kwenziwe izinto eziningi.
Ngezansi kwe- imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, ngosizo lokuthi ukwengezwa kwesikhathi sediphozi ngeke kubangele ubunzima kulowo obeke imali.
Isinyathelo 1. Funda inkontileka
Noma wenza idiphozi, kufanele ufunde ngokucophelela inkontileka yemigomo yokwengezwa. Kuyasiza ukwenza lokhu futhi lapho umnqamulajuqu usondela ukuze ukhumbule wonke ama-nuances.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula, ukuthi kaningi, uma kunwetshwa, isilinganiso sishintshela kuleso esivumelekile ebhange ngesikhathi sokuphela kwediphozithi. Ngakho-ke, kuyasiza ukutadisha okuhlinzekwa yimakethe ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi isikhungo esibolekisa ngemali sisanikela ngamanani enzalo amahle.
Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ngemuva kokuvuselelwa, ukunqanyulwa kwenkontileka ngaphambi kokuphela kwethemu entsha kusongela ukulahleka kwemali kusukela ngesikhathi sokuvuselelwa.
Ngokuphathelene kubalulekile hlaziya ngokucophelela isimo sezezimali. Uma izimali zingadingeka ngaphambi kokuphela kwesikhathi sediphozi ngemuva kokunwetshwa, kunengqondo ukuphetha esinye isivumelwano isikhathi esifushane.
Isinyathelo 2. Ukuvakashela ihhovisi lasebhange
Kuzofanele uvakashele igatsha lesikhungo sezikweletu e 2 amacala:
- uma imigomo yediphozithi ingahlinzeki ngokwandiswa;
- uma imibandela yokwelula isikhathi somfakisimali ingagculiseki.
Ehhovisi, kufanele uxhumane nomsebenzi wasebhange ukuthola izeluleko eziningiliziwe.
Isinyathelo 3. Ukubonisana
Lapho ufuna ukubonisana, ofaka imali kufanele abe nombono ocacile wokuthi yini okufanele icelwe kumqashwa.
Ngesikhathi sokubonisana, udinga ukuthola:
- ngabe kukhona ukwelulwa okuzenzakalelayo futhi yiziphi izimo zayo zediphozi yamanje;
- ingabe ikhona eminye imigomo efanelekile yokutshalwa kwezimali, uma kunjalo, ithini imigomo yayo.
Ngesikhathi sokubonisana, kubalulekile ukucela umsebenzi ukuthi akhulume ngazo zonke izindlela zokutshala imali. Kuwebhusayithi yethu, ungathola nokuthi ungatshala kuphi ukuze uthole imali yenyanga.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuzosiza uma umxhumanisi ekhombisa ukulinganiselwa kwemali engenayo elinganiselwe yazo zonke izikimu ezifanele.
Isinyathelo 4. Ukudidiyelwa kwezimo zokutshalwa kwezimali
Ngemuva kokuthi zonke izikimu ezikhona zingachazwa, ungakhetha indlela efaneleke kakhulu yokwelula isikhathi sediphozi.
Kunezinketho ezi-2 zokwenza:
Inketho 1. Iklayenti linquma ukugingqa idiphozi ngokuzenzekelayo. Kulokhu, kufanele ucele ukuphrinta inkontileka isikhathi esisha.
Inketho 2. Kwanqunywa ukuthi kukhishwe idiphozi ngokwemigomo ehlukile. Lapha kubalulekile ukucacisa ngokucophelela wonke ama-nuances. Ngemuva kwalokho, isivumelwano esidala kuzofanele sinqanyulwe, izimali zidluliselwe ku-akhawunti entsha bese kusayinwa isivumelwano esibuyekeziwe.
Isinyathelo 5. Ukuqinisekiswa kwenhloso yokwengeza idiphozi
Uma ofaka imali ethatha isinqumo sokuyelula imali ebekiwe njengamanje, uma kwenzeka evakashela ihhovisi, kuzodingeka ukuqinisekisa le nhloso. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukubhala isitatimende.
Lokhu kungenziwa ngqo ehhovisi. Okulandelayo kuzophrintwa isivumelwano esisha, okuzofanele uzijwayeze bese usayina.
Ngakho-ke, akukho lutho olunzima ekwandiseni idiphozi. Ukugwema izinkinga, kwanele ngokucophelela funda imiyalo enikezwe bese uyilandela ngqo.
6. Kukumaphi amabhange lapho kungenzeka khona ukuhlela imali enziwe ngofeleba, ukugcwaliswa kabusha nokwandiswa - ukubuka konke ngamabhange amakhulu we-TOP-3 💰
Inani elikhulu kakhulu lamabhange lisebenza ezimakethe zezimali zaseRussia ezinikela ngamadiphozithi ofeleba, ukugcwaliswa kabusha, futhi ukwandiswa.
Ngezansi kukhona 3 izikhungo zezikweletu ezinayo imali enenzuzo... Banezinhlelo ezinayo yonke imingcele ebhekwayo, kepha ngaphambi kokuvula idiphozi, noma kunjalo, kufanele uxhumane nebhange ukuthola iseluleko esinemininingwane. Kusehhovisi kuphela lapho bezokwazi ukutshela ngokuningiliziwe ngazo zonke izinhlelo ezisebenza njengamanje esikhungweni sezikweletu.
1) ISberbank yaseRussia
Sekuyiminyaka eminingi, izigidi zezakhamizi zaseRussia ziphathise imali yazo I-Sberbank... Le nhlangano yezikweletu indala ezweni lethu.
Namuhla, phakathi kwamadiphozithi ane-prolongation ezenzakalelayo, okuthandwa kakhulu yi- idiphozi Unyaka omuhle... Ibhange linikela ngokubheja kulo kusuka 7,4 ngaphambi 8% ngonyaka... Inani lokugcina linqunywa ngokuya ngenani elifakiwe.
Isikhathi esiphansi sediphozi okukhulunywa ngayo yile 3 izinyanga... Inani liqala kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-100,000... Inzalo itholakala ekupheleni kwesikhathi senkontileka. Ungavula idiphozi hhayi kuphela ngokuxhumana ehhovisi, kodwa nakuwebhusayithi yebhange kumodi eku-inthanethi.
2) I-Ural Bank yokwakha kabusha nentuthuko
Eminyakeni engama-27 selokhu yasungulwa UBRD, ibhange likwazile ukungena 30 izikhungo zezikweletu ezinkulu kunazo zonke eRussia.
I-Ural Bank ithembekile nguhulumeni, kuvunyelwe ukuvula ama-akhawunti lapha izinkampani zezinsiza, amabhizinisi amasufuthi ugcine imali yempesheni.
Amagatsha asebhange atholakala ezifundeni ezingama-43 zaseRussia, lapho ungavula khona idiphozi ngezinga ngaphambi 11% ngonyaka... Lapho wenza idiphozi kuwebhusayithi yebhange, ungathola futhi 1%.
3) VTB
I-VTB Bank kuyingxenye yeqembu lamazwe omhlaba elisebenza ezimakethe zezezimali. Namuhla, emagatsheni atholakala ezifundeni ezingama-72 zaseRussia, ungavula amadiphozi ngezinga 5,75— 7,85% ngonyaka.
Ukuqhathanisa izimo zamadiphozithi ahlukahlukene ebhange bese ukhetha okungcono kakhulu, akudingeki uye egatsheni lebhange. Kwanele ukwenza shayela ku-hotline... Kukhona enye inketho - ukuvakasha VTB iwebhusayithi.
Uma kungenjalo yonke imibuzo ixazululiwe, unga-oda ngqo kusisetshenziswa se-Intanethi ucingo lwasemuva... Ukuze wenze lokhu, vele ugcwalise ifomu elikhethekile.
Imvamisa, abafaka imali bayangabaza ukuthi bazokhetha yiphi ibhange. Ochwepheshe bayeluleka ngokusebenzisa uhlu lwemibuzo olukhethekile oluzokusiza ukuthi uthathe isinqumo.
Uhlu lwemibuzo lokuhlolwa kokuqhathanisa kwezikhungo zezikweletu ngokuya ngezimpawu ezahlukahlukene:
| Isici | Phendula izinketho ngamaphuzu |
| Ukusebenza emakethe yezezimali | Kusukela ezikhathini ze-USSR - amaphuzu ayi-10 Iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 - amaphuzu ayi-5 Iminyaka engu-5-10 ubudala - amaphuzu amathathu Ngaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu - amaphuzu ayi-0 |
| Ingabe amadiphozi aqinisekisiwe | Yebo - amaphuzu ayi-10 Cha - amaphuzu ayi-5 |
| Usayizi wesikhungo sezikweletu | Esilinganisweni saseRussia ithatha enye yezindawo eziyishumi zokuqala - amaphuzu ayi-10 Awafakiwe kwayishumi aphezulu eRussia, kodwa ingenye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu edolobheni - amaphuzu angu-5 |
| Ukuba khona kwehhovisi ngaphakathi kwebanga lokuhamba ukusuka ekhaya noma lapho usebenza khona | Yebo - 5 amaphuzu Cha - 0 amaphuzu |
Wonke amabhange akhethiwe kufanele ahlolwe kusetshenziswa le mibuzo. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe lowo onenani eliphakeme kakhulu lamaphoyinti.
Sikweluleka futhi ukuthi ufunde indatshana yethu ukuthi yiliphi ibhange elingcono ukuvula idiphozi ngenani eliphezulu lenzalo.
7. Ungenzi kanjani amaphutha lapho uvula idiphozithi ngofeleba benzalo - izeluleko ezi-3 ezibaluleke kakhulu zochwepheshe 💎
Ukwenza idiphozi ngemali engenayo ephezulu, kufanele ufunde izeluleko ezivela kochwepheshe. Zizokusiza ugweme amaphutha amaningi.
Iseluleko 1. Izimali kufanele zitshalwe kuphela emabhange athembekile
Iningi labafaka imali lijaha inzalo enkulu futhi akuhlali kulungile.
Kuyafaneleka ukucatshangelwa! Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunaka ukuthembeka kwebhange kunenzalo ediphozithi.
Vele, uhlelo lomshuwalense wediphozi, oluyimpoqo eRussia namuhla, luqinisekisa ukubuyiselwa kwemali uma kwenzeka ibhange liwa. kodwa ukuqoqwa kwenzalo kusukela lapho isikhungo sezikweletu siphucwa ilayisense yaso.
Kuvela ukuthi ofaka imali uzolahlekelwa yimali engenayo, ngoba ukukhokhwa kwemali efakwe kumshwalense akwenziwa ngaso leso sikhathi.
Ithiphu 2. Qiniseka ukuthi ubala isilinganiso esisebenzayo ngokwakho
Abatshali abaningi baziwa ngokufumbathiswa ngezikhangiso eziyengayo ezithembisa amanani amakhulu wediphozi. Kepha ungasheshi.
Okufanelekile, ngaphambi kokuvakashela igatsha lasebhange, kufanele ubale imali ezotholwa lapho ufaka imali ezimweni ezibuzwayo. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokususelwa ku- amafomulaokunikezwe kule ndatshana, noma ukusebenzisa okukhethekile yokubala online.
Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuthi wazi ukuthi ungathembela kuphi lapho uthinta ibhange. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungaqhathanisa imiphumela yakho naleyo enikezwe ngungoti wasebhange.
Ithiphu 3. Ungakhohlwa ukuhlola isimo sakho sezimali
Lapho ethatha isinqumo sokuthi uzoyivula kangakanani idiphozi nokuthi uzoyifaka isikhathi esingakanani, ofaka imali kufanele ahlole ngokucophelela isimo sakhe sezezimali.
Kubalulekile ukuqondaukuthi iningi lamadiphozithi alihlinzeki ngemisebenzi yezindleko. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukunqanyulwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuholela ekungabikho kwenzalo eyengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha igama elinomthwalo omkhulu.
Ngemuva kokulalela lezi zeluleko, wonke umtshalizimali we-novice uzokwazi ukuvula kalula idiphozi enenzuzo.
8. FAQ - imibuzo ebuzwa njalo nezimpendulo kubo 🔔
Ngokwesiko, ekugcineni kokushicilelwa, sizophendula imibuzo evame ukuvela phakathi kwabatshalizimali.
Umbuzo 1. Ngingasitholaphi isibali sokubala esiku-inthanethi sokubala imingcele yamadiphozithi ngofeleba nogcwalisa kabusha?
Ngokuya ngokuthi kungani izibalo zenziwa, kunezinketho eziningi zokubala ezisetshenziselwa ukubala iminikelo.
Siphakamisa ukusebenzisa isibali sethu sediphozithi, esizokusiza ukubala inzalo yediphozi online:
Izinhlobo zokubala oku-inthanethi kokubalwa kwemingcele yediphozi:
- Ama-Calculator kumasayithi amabhange anikezela ukuvula idiphozi. Ungabathola ekhasini lokukhetha idiphozi. Lapho ubala ngesibali esinjalo, kuzofanela ufake ubuncane bemininingwane - isamba, isikhathi sediphozithi, usuku lokubhalisakanye nokuhleliwe ukugcwaliswa kabusha (uma kuhlinzekiwe). Izinga neminye imingcele yediphozithi ihlelwe ngokuzenzakalela.
- Ama-Calculator atholakala kumasayithi we-thematic (ezezimali). Le nketho ilungele labo abafaka imali abangakaqedi ukuthi yiliphi ibhange abazophathela kulo izimali zabo. Lapha ungathola imininingwane ewusizo mayelana nokufakwa kwemali okunikezwa izikhungo ezahlukahlukene zokubolekisa. Usebenzisa ama-calculator anjalo, umfakisimali kufanele afake amapharamitha ambalwa, ngoba izici zokufakwa kwemali ebhange ngalinye zihlukile. Kuzofanele, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukhombise ubukhona ofeleba nobuningi bayo.
- Amawebhusayithi wokubala.Ukuthandwa kukhula muva nje izinsiza ezikhethekile ze-Intanethi, okuyizibali zokubala ezinesethi ephezulu yemisebenzi ewusizo. Ngaphezu kwezici ezisetshenziswe kwamanye ama-calculator, nakhu okusetshenzisiwe: ukukhetha uhlobo lokubheja (kulungisiwe noma kuyantanta); kungenzeka amadiphozi nokuzihoxisa; ukubalwa kwentela... Ibuye inikeze incazelo eningiliziwe yayo yonke imisebenzi esetshenzisiwe. Le ndlela iholela eqinisweni lokuthi ukubalwa kunembe futhi kunemininingwane ngangokunokwenzeka.
Isibonelo se-calculator eku-inthanethi yamadiphozithi ngofeleba nokugcwaliswa kabusha
Ukukhetha isibali sediphozi online, kufanele uqonde ukuthi kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lokubala kungavela ukunganembi... Zihluka kakhulu ngohlobo ngalunye lokubala futhi zingavela ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene.
Izizathu eziyinhloko zamaphutha wokubala lapho usebenzisa i-calculator eku-inthanethi:
- izinhlelo ezilula azinaki imingcele eminingi - intela yemali engenayo, ikhomishini nabanye;
- amanye ama-calculator awakuvumeli ukubikezela ushintsho kumholo uma ukwenza iminikelo eyengeziwe noma ukukhipha ingxenye yenani lediphozi;
- amabhange anezimo ezahlukene zokuthola inzalo uma usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi luba ngempelasonto.
Zonke lezi zimo ezingenhla ziholela emaphutheni.Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ezinhlelweni ezilula kakhulu ingaba nkulu impela.
Qaphela! Ukusebenzisa ama-calculator ochwepheshe ekubaleni kukuvumela ukuthi unciphise amaphutha. Imvamisa azidluli iphesenti elilodwa.
Umbuzo 2. Ngabe ofaka imali unelungelo lokwenqaba ukwelula isikhathi sediphozi futhi yini okuzofanele yenziwe kulokhu?
Ngokwemvelo, ofaka imali unelungelo lokwenqaba ukuqhubeka nobudlelwano nebhange lapho idiphozi yakhe iphele khona.
Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu owaziyo ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo okufanele zithathwe ukuze izinkinga zokuthola imali zingaveli, futhi inzalo ingalahleki. Ngakho-ke, ngezansi sihlinzeka ngemiyalo enezinyathelo ngezinyathelo.
Isinyathelo 1. Ukuvakashela ihhovisi lasebhange
Uma imigomo yesivumelwano ihlinzeka ukwengezwa okuzenzakalelayo kwediphozi, kepha ofaka imali uthathe isinqumo sokukhipha imali yakhe ebhange, kuzofanele axhumane nebhange. Okokuqala, kwanele ukubonisana, ngokuthi yini ongayithinta ehhovisi, ucingo ku-hotline noma ukhulume nomxhumanisi esizeni.
Imvamisa, ukuze wenqabe ukwelula isikhathi sediphozi, kufanele uxhumane negatsha lesikhungo sezikweletu. Kepha ngabasebenzi bebhange elithile kuphela abangaqinisekisa isidingo salokhu.
Isinyathelo 2. Ukubhaliswa kwesicelo
Egatsheni lesikhungo sezikweletu, kuzofanele ukuthi ugcwalise isitatimende esibhaliwe... Isampula lale dokhumenti lihlukile ebhange ngalinye, ngakho-ke akunangqondo ukulidweba kusengaphambili.
Isinyathelo 3. Ukuqedwa kwesivumelwano sediphozi
Kususelwa esitatimendeni esibhaliwe isivumelwano sesibambiso noma ngabe seluliwe, lizonqanyulwa.
Kubalulekile ukwazi! Isicelo siyadingeka ukuqinisekisa inhloso yomtshali-zimali ukukhipha imali yakhe.
Isinyathelo 4. Ukuthola imali
Isinyathelo sokugcina sihlala kuphela thatha izimali. Ungabathola ukheshi noma dlulisela kwenye i-akhawunti, imininingwane ekhonjisiwe kuhlelo lokusebenza.
Ngale ndlela, ofeleba kwandisa izinga lenzuzo yediphozi. Ukwandiswa contract futhi kuyindlela ewusizo. Kubalulekile hhayi kuphela ukwazi ukuthi lemiqondo isho ukuthini, kepha futhi nokuqonda ukuthi ziyini izici zazo.
Ngemuva kokufunda amathiphu nemiyalo enikezwe ku-athikili, wonke umuntu angakhetha umnikelo onenzuzo enkulu ngokuya ngokuncamelayo.
Sikweluleka futhi ukuthi ubuke ividiyo ukuthi yini imali eningi yenzalo ediphozithi (+ isibonelo sezibalo kucatshangelwa ukutshalwa kwemali kabusha noma ofeleba):
Ithimba likamagazini i- "RichPro.ru" lilinde ukuphawula ngesihloko sokushicilelwa, futhi lizojabula ukuphendula yonke imibuzo yakho!