Imali yasebhange (idiphozi emabhange) - kuyini nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamadiphozithi ezikhona + izigaba ezi-4 zokubalwa kwediphozithi
Sawubona bafundi abathandekayo be-Ideas for Life kumagazini oku-inthanethi. Namuhla sizokutshela ukuthi yimaphi ama-deposit emabhange nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamadiphozithi asebhange (amadiphozithi) akhona, futhi sinikeze nemiyalo yokuthi ungayibala kanjani ngokuzimela idiphozi.
Ngendlela, ubonile ukuthi idola selivele libiza malini? Qala ukwenza imali ngomehluko wamanani wokushintshana lapha!
Kulesi sihloko, uzofunda:
- Yini idiphozi futhi yenzelwa ini;
- Yiziphi izinhlobo zamadiphozithi asebhange ezithandwa kakhulu;
- Ungayibala kanjani kahle inzuzo yediphozithi nokuthi kunenzuzo yokubeka imali kwidiphozi.
Futhi ekugcineni kokushicilelwa sizonikeza izimpendulo zemibuzo ebuzwa njalo ngalesi sihloko.
Funda ngokuthi iyini idiphozi yasebhange, yiziphi izinhlobo zamadiphozithi ezinikezwa ngamabhange, ukuthi ungayibala kanjani inzalo kwidiphozi usebenzisa i-calculator eku-inthanethi - funda kulo magazini
1. Yini idiphozi noma idiphozi ebhange - ukubuka konke ngomqondo wediphozi yasebhange ngamagama alula 💸
Imali engenayo ibilokhu iyindlela ehehayo yokuhola imali. Ukuze uzinze futhi unomphela, kumele kutshalwe imali onokwethenjelwa futhi kunenzuzo.
Ungatshala imali kwizibambiso, udlale kwi-stock exchange, wenze izimali ku-real estate. Zonke izindlela zilungile ngendlela yazo futhi zinobungozi bazo, pluses futhi nebubi... Ukubekwa kwezimali phakathi imali noma imali kungenye yezindlela ukulondolozwa futhi ukukhulisa ukonga.
Amagama "idiphozi" futhi "idiphozi" anomsuka ofanayo. Imvamisa igama "umnikelo" Kusebenza ku- ngabanyekanye nethemu "idiphozi" - uku zomthetho.
Idiphozithi yasebhange (noma idiphozi yasebhange) - lena yimali efakwa esikhungweni sekhredithi ngenani elithile lesikhathi esithile ukuze kutholakale imali engenayo.
Qaphela! Idiphozithi umqondo ojwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwemali, ifaka:
- ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezibambiso;
- iminikelo yezobulungiswa ukuqinisekisa ukuqhutshwa kwezomthetho;
- iminikelo ezinhlanganweni zamasikoukuqinisekisa ukukhokhwa kwentela yamasiko;
- ukuqinisekisa ukubamba iqhaza ezindalini.
Ngokomongo wendatshana yethu, imiqondo yokuthi "amadiphozithi" kanye "nokufakwa kwemali" izobhekwa njengokufana.
Iminikelo iphatha imisebenzi emi-2 (emibili) esemqoka:
- Baqinisekisa ukuphepha kokonga nokonga.
- Inzalo etholwe kumadiphozi imali engenayo ezinzile.
Imali yediphozi ingaba kazwelonke noma owangaphandle... Njengamanje, i-ruble yaseRussia ayizinzile, ngakho-ke kukhona ukwanda kokuthandwa amadiphozithi amadola noma imali ngama-euro.
Qaphela! Enye yezindlela ezinokwethenjelwa kakhulu zokonga imali ukuyifaka kwehlukile zezimali.
Imali yasebhange, uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokutshala imali, inezinzuzo ezinhle.
Izinzuzo (+) zebhange:
- Idiphozi iqinisekisa imali engenayo engenziwanga.
- Kulula ukwenza umnikelo, akudingi ulwazi olukhethekile. Ingavulwa ku-inthanethi ngaphandle kokushiya ikhaya.
- Inani lomnikelo lingaba lincane.
- Imali yasebhange iqinisekisiwe. Uma inani lediphozi lingaphezu kwenani elifakwe umshwalense, awukwazi ukwesaba ukulahlekelwa yilo.
Okuyinhloko ukungabi khona (-) kwemali – inzalo ephansi... Kwesinye isikhathi ayihlanganisi izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali. Ungakhuluma ngemali engenayo kuphela uma unemali enkulu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma idiphozi ihoxiswa ngaphambi kwesikhathi esinqunywe yinkontileka, iphesenti lokuqoqwa kwemali lincane. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, abatshalizimali abakhulu bakhetha ukugcina okonga kwabo ngendlela yamadiphozithi asebhange.
Ukuba nokonga okukhulu esandleni, umuntu kufanele akwazi ukukubeka kahle ukuze azole futhi azethembe ngokuzayo.
Okulandelayo, sizohlaziya ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamadiphozithi asebhange
2. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zamadiphozithi asebhange (amadiphozithi) 📑
Amabhange, aheha izimali ezivela kumakhasimende futhi awabeka esikhathini esizayo, azitholela inzuzo yawo. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi bakhulise njalo isiyingi samakhasimende ngezimali zabo abazilondolozile. Izikhungo zezikweletu zihlala zithuthukisa izimo ezintsha zamadiphozithi, zithuthukisa indlela yokuvula nokusebenza kwazo.
Kunamadiphozithi amaningi ahlukene, ahluka ngamanani, imigomo, imigomo yokuhlinzekwa kanye nenzalo.
Yonke iminikelo ingahlukaniswa 4 izinhlobo eziyinhloko. Ake sihlolisise ngayinye yazo engezansi.
Thayipha 1. Idiphozi yethemu
Idiphozi yethemu yiyona ethandwa kakhulu futhi isakazeke kakhulu, inezimo ezahlukahlukene.
Ngaphansi idiphozi yethemu qonda ukutshala imali ebhange isikhathi esithile.
Inzalo yemali engenayo kuya ngenani nesikhathi sokubekwa kwezimali. Kungaba ngaphakathi 4-8% ngonyaka (kuma-ruble), kwamanye amabhange aphezulu. Kepha uma inkontileka inqanyulwa kusenesikhathi, inani eliphansi liyakhokhiswa.
Ngokwesibonelo: Uma sibeka Ama-ruble angu-50 000 isikhathi unyaka ongaphansi 4,85% ngonyaka, lapho-ke, kucatshangelwa ofeleba, imali ezoba yiyo 2,427 ama-ruble.
Thayipha imali engu-2
Lo mnikelo ungabizwa "Isikoqokoqo"... Kubonakala ngezimo zokubeka okuncane, kungagcwaliswa, kususwe kancane noma ngokuphelele.
Imvamisa uyanamathela I-debit card, lapho-ke kuba lula ukudlulisa inani elithile lisuka emholweni liye kuye ukuze kuhlale kunemali eyanele uma kwenzeka izimo ezingalindelekile. Sibhale ukuthi kusho ukuthini ikhadi lasebhange nokuthi lihluke kanjani ekhadini lesikweletu ekushicilelweni kwangaphambilini.
Izinga lenzalo kulawo madiphozi kusuka ku-1.5% ngonyaka, okungukuthi nge-deposit balance balance 50 000 ama-ruble, ngonyaka imali ezoba khona 800 ama-ruble.
Ngeke ukwazi ukwenza imali ngayo, ungakwazi kuphela wonge imali yakho.
Buka 3. Imali yediphozithi
Kuvulwa ukuqongelela imali yokuthenga okubizayo ngokuzayo.
Kuyaphuthuma, kungagcwaliswa kabusha, kepha akukwazi ukuhoxiswa kuze kuphele isikhathi senkontileka. Okwamadiphozi anjalo, umkhawulo wokunikela ubuncane, inzalo yemali engenayo — 5-8% ngonyaka.
Ngokwesibonelo: Ukubala, sithatha amapharamitha wediphozi alandelayo: inani Ama-ruble angu-50 000, inkokhelo eyengeziwe yanyanga zonke Ama-ruble ayi-1 000, amaphesenti 8% ngonyaka.
Isikhathi esingangonyaka, i-akhawunti izoba nenani le- Ama-ruble angama-65 440: 50 000 - umzimba womnikelo + 11 000 - top-ups ngonyaka + 4 440 - izindleko zenzalo.
Uhlobo lwe-4
Isikhathi sabo sokuba semthethweni sinqunywa kuze kube yilapho lowo ofaka imali eyifuna. Lezi zimali azihloselwe ukukhiqiza imali. Inhloso eyinhloko yamadiphozi anjalo ukonga imali noma ukuqongelela inani elithile.
Izinga lenzalo kubo kuphela 0.01% ngonyaka, cishe awukho umkhawulo omncane - 10 ama-ruble futhi 5 amadola noma ama-euro, okungukuthi, kusuka ekubekweni 50 000 ama-ruble, imali engenayo ngonyaka izoba kuphela 5 ama-ruble.
Inzalo yenzalo ebhange elifanayo iyahluka kwesinye isikhathi, kuya ngemigomo yediphozi. Inzuzo ephezulu kakhulu itholakala imali enezimo ezithile eziqinile: isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka, amaphesenti athile, kungenzeki ukuhoxa okuyingxenye Izinga lenzalo liphakeme kumadiphozithi esikhathi eside, kumadiphozithi amanani abalulekile.
Ngenxa yokuthi kunezinhlangano eziningi zezezimali ezibandakanya ukuheha izimali ezivela kubabeka imali, kunzima ukukhetha.
Ukwenza lula usesho lwakho umnikelo onenzuzo ikhona izinsizakalo ezikhethekile, lapho kuqoqwa khona iziphakamiso zamabhange kumadiphozithi. Banikela ngomsebenzi wokukhetha izimo zokutshala imali ngamapharamitha ngamanye. Umsebenzisi udinga ukungena isamba, isikhathi nokunye okuphawulekayo imigomo yediphozi futhi insizakalo izohlinzeka ngezimo ezinhle kakhulu zokutshala imali.
Izimpawu eziyisi-5 eziyinhloko ongahlukanisa ngazo imali ebhange
3. Ukwahlukaniswa kwemali yasebhange ngezici eziyinhloko признак
Noma ngubani, noma umxhasi wezimali osemusha, uyayiqonda leyo mali akunakwenzeka buthelela ngokukubeka eceleni "ngaphansi komcamelo". Kuhlala kunesilingo sokuzisebenzisa noma ukuboleka kuzo.
Ngiyathokoza ukwazi! Idiphozi yasebhange kungenzeka ingavikeli ekwehleni kwamandla emali, kepha izokonga ukonga ekusetshenzisweni okuzenzekelayo okungahleliwe, futhi kuzoqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezimali.
Lapho uthatha isinqumo sokufaka idiphozi ebhange, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuqonda imibandela nenzuzo yamadiphozithi, ukuqonda imigomo nezidingo zamabhange ngokubeka imali kumadiphozithi. Izici eziyinhloko zokuhlukaniswa kwamadiphozi yizi: isikhathi, okubhekiswe kukho, imali, inkomba kungenzeka, isimo sediphozithi.
Ngezansi ukuhlukaniswa kwamadiphozithi asebhange ngokuya ngezici eziyinhloko.
Sign 1. Isikhathi sediphozi
Imibandela ejwayelekile yediphozi yilezi kusuka 30 izinsuku ngaphambi 3-5 iminyaka... Imali ebekelwe ngaphandle kwesikhathi esithile inikezwa njengeqembu elihlukile - poste restante.
Kuyafaneleka ukucatshangelwa!Uma isikhathi eside sediphozi, i- ngenhla imali eqinisekisiwe kuyo.
Kunamadiphozithi aboshelwe kumcimbi othile: usuku lokuzalwa, uSuku Lokunqoba. A ezihlukahlukene kukhona imali enezinsuku zokuphelelwa yisikhathi ngazinye... Bayakuvumela ukuthi ubeke ngendlela enengqondo ukonga kwakho futhi uthole imali engenayo ephezulu.
Sign 2. Inhloso yediphozi
Izici ezihlukile zokufakwa kwemali yimisebenzi eyabelwe yona:
- Kukhona amadiphozi, inhloso yawo ukuqoqa imali yokuthenga okubizayo - imali ebekiwe... Izikhungo zezikweletu zinikela ngezinhlelo ezikhethekile zokonga: "Okusha Okuzenzekelayo", "Gcwalisa futhi uthenge" njll.
- Umnikelo okubalwa ngawo ibhalansi encane ye-akhawunti ubizwaidiphozi yokuhlala... Kuvulwa isikhathi esithile, kepha akuvunyelwe ukuyisebenzisa ngesikhathi (ngaphandle kwebhalansi ephansi). Idiphozi enjalo ikuvumela ukuthi uphathe kahle imali yakho, ngenkathi uhola imali encane.
- Imali ebekwa ezinhlakeni ezithile zabantu iyabizwa imali ekhethekile... Okuhlukile kwabo ukuthi inzalo ibalwa kubhalansi ye-akhawunti engasetshenziswanga. Ngokwesibonelo: lapho impesheni ifakwa kwi-akhawunti yempesheni futhi engayikhiphi kungakapheli nenyanga. Inzalo izobalwa kubhalansi ye-akhawunti emaphakathi.
Kunamadiphozithi avulwa ngaphandle kwenhloso ethile, umsebenzi wawo ukugcina ukonga uma kwenzeka izimo ezingalindelekile.
Isici 3. Imali yediphozi
Imali kukhona ruble, lwemali, multi-lwemali.
Imali yeRuble ube nesilinganiso senzalo esiphezulu esigabeni. Kuya nge- amanani entengo futhi, kepha ingashintshwa ngenxa yesimo sezomnotho. Kunamadiphozithi anesilinganiso senzalo esimisiwe. Lesi simo sichazwe esivumelwaneni sediphozi.
Imali yemali yakwamanye amazwe kubizwa inzalo ephansi. Kepha izinzile futhi, ngenxa yezinga eliphakeme lokwehla kwamandla emali, ngaphandle kobukhulu bayo, ngokulingana, isivuno kulawa madiphozi singase sibe ngaphezulu kunamadiphozi ama-ruble (kuye ngesilinganiso sokushintshaniswa).
Okuzuzisa kakhulu kukhona amadiphozithi emali eningi... Njengomthetho, zivulwa ngezimali ezintathu: ama-ruble, Euro, Amadola aseMelika... Inzuzo yalolu hlobo lokutshala imali amandla okudlulisa ingxenye eyodwa yediphozi iye kwenye ngokuya ngesilinganiso sokushintshaniswa kwezimali. Inzalo ibalwa ngokwehlukana ngemali ngayinye futhi iguqulwa ngokwesicelo sediphozithi.
Ngiyathokoza ukwazi! Imali engakhishwa hhayi ngemali kuphela, kodwa nakwamanye amanani.Isibonelo, kuzinsimbi eziyigugu. Inzuzo yamadiphozithi kuleli cala izoncika kunani lemakethe lezinsimbi eziyigugu ngosuku lokushintshaniswa kwabo ngemali.
Isici 4. Isimo somnikeli
Unelungelo lokufaka imali ngokomzimba futhi zomthetho ubuso.
Isigaba ngabanye zifaka zonke izakhamizi zeRussian Federation, abokufika. Imali yabo ivikelwe yi-Deposit Insurance Agency (DIA) yalelo nani ngaphambi 1 400 000 ama-ruble... Funda kabanzi mayelana nomshuwalense ngamunye wediphozi kwenye yama-athikili ethu.
TO izinhlangano ezisemthethweni kufaka phakathi amabhizinisi nezinhlangano ezahlukahlukene. Iminikelo yabo hhayi okuqinisekisiwe futhi zincike ngokuphelele ebhange eliphethe izimali. Inzalo yemali engenayo kumadiphozi anjalo isethwa yibhange ngawodwana, kuya ngenani nesikhathi.
Lolu hlobo alukhangiswa ikakhulukazi ngamabhange. Kunenzuzo enkulu kubo ukusebenzisa amanani aqoqwe amabhizinisi kuma-akhawunti abo amanje mahhala. Yize imali enjalo inenzuzo enkulu ezinkampanini, ngenxa yokuthi izimali ezinqwabelene zitholakala kuma-akhawunti amanje.
Konje, kukhona abafaka imali hhayi abangamakhasimende ebhange, inhloso yabo ukwenza imali kumadiphozithi ebhange.
Izinhlobonhlobo zamadiphozithi zivumela ofaka imali ukuthi akhethe izimo ezinhle kakhulu zokutshala izimali futhi aqinisekise inzuzo enhle yokusebenza.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo umhlahlandlela wokubala umnikelo
4. Ungayibala kanjani iminikelo - izigaba ezi-4 eziyinhloko zokubala inzuzo yediphozithi 📈
Amabhange, aqoqa izimali zabafaka imali, ayasabalalisa futhi enze inzuzo. Abaphethe imali bathola eyabo amaphesenti wenzuzo yasebhange.
Zonke izingosi zezikhungo zezikweletu zinayo yokubala imali, ikuvumela ukuthi ucacise inani lenzuzo kwidiphozi ethile. Uma unezinkinga, ungaxhumana nomphathi webhange ongaphendula noma imuphi umbuzo ongavela.
Ungabala inzuzo yediphozi ngokwakho ukuze uqiniseke ngokukhethwa kwediphozi. Le nqubo inezinyathelo eziningana, ezichazwe ngokuningiliziwe ngezansi.
Isigaba 1. Ukunqunywa kohlelo lokubala inzalo
Izinga ngokwemigomo yokuqokwa ligcizelelwe ku isivumelwano sesibambiso, indlela yokubala inzalo nayo inqunywa lapho.
Kunezindlela ezi-2 zokubala inzalo:
- elula;
- imali eyengeziwe
Ifomula elula ukufaka inzalo kwidiphozi isikhathi esithile, inqobo nje uma leli nani lingashintshiwe.
Ngokuqongelela ngofeleba, inzalo eqongelelwayo yengezwa enanini lediphozithi elinemvamisa ethile, umzimba wediphozithi uyakhuphuka, futhi inzalo itholwa isamba esikhulu. Le ndlela yokuqongelela ngu kunenzuzo enkulu kofaka imali, kepha umehluko uzobaluleka kuphela ngamanani amakhulu wediphozi.
Sikhulume ngokuningiliziwe ngokuthi uyini usonhlamvukazi wediphozithi nokuthi ungayibala kanjani imali engenayo ediphozithi nofeleba wenzalo kokunye ukukhishwa kwethu kwangaphambilini.
Isinyathelo 2. Sebenzisa ifomula elula yokuqongelela
Ukuze senze lokhu, simane sibala iphesenti lemali, sicabangela isikhathi sokubekwa, sisebenzisa ifomula:
Ifomula yokubala inzalo kwidiphozi
Ngokwesibonelo: Inani lediphozithi 50 000 ama-ruble, ubude besikhathi Izinsuku ezingama-90, inzalo 5% ngonyaka.
Imali engenayo ezinyangeni ezi-3 ngizo: 50 000*90*0.05/365=616 ama-ruble.
Isigaba 3. Sibala osonhlamvukazi nezinga lenzalo elisebenzayo
Inani lokugcina lemali engenayo lizoya ngemvamisa yokwengeza inzalo enqwabelene kunani eliyinhloko lediphozi.
Kubalulekile ukucabangela! Ngokuxhumeka kwanyanga zonke, isilinganiso senzalo sizoba ngezansikunangekota, njll.
Ubuningi isilinganiso esisebenzayo kuya ngenani likasonhlamvukazi abakhiqiziwe futhi lizolingana nale nombolo.
Ngokwesibonelo: Ngomnikelo 50 000 ama-ruble, isikhathi esithile vula 3 izinyanga ngofeleba nyangazonke, ngaphansi 5% minyaka yonke ngenyanga yesibili, kuzokhokhiswa inzalo kusukela kulelo nani 50 205 ama-ruble (205 - inzalo yenyanga yokuqala), njll. Izinyanga ezintathu, inani lizoba Ama-ruble angama-50 633... Izinga lenzalo elisebenzayo lizoba 5,02%.
Isigaba 4. Ukubalwa kwenzuzo yokugcina
Ungabala inzuzo usebenzisa i- inzalo ehlanganisiwe, noma ungavele usebenzise wokubala idiphoziukuthi noma yiliphi ibhange linalo.
Ukunquma imbuyiselo ephezulu kudiphozi, ungahlaziya izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuqongelela:
Isibonelo: Isisekelo idiphozi yonyaka ye- Ama-ruble ayi-100,000, ngokuhlukile ofeleba futhi okufanayo amazinga wenzalo, ngaphandle kokugcwaliswa kabusha.
Ithebula lethonya likasonhlamvukazi (imvamisa yalo) kusilinganiso esisebenzayo kanye nenzuzo yokugcina ediphozithi:
| Izinkomba | Izinketho zediphozi | ||
| 1 idiphozi | 2 idiphozi | 3 idiphozi | |
| Izinga lenzalo | 8% | 8% | 8% |
| Usonhlamvukazi | cha | njalo ngenyanga | njalo ngekota |
| Inzuzo (ama-ruble) | 8 000 | 8 299 | 8 243 |
| Izinga lenzalo elisebenzayo | 8% | 8,30% | 8,24% |
Isibonelo sikhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi kanjani ofeleba kuthinta inani lenzalo elisebenzayo kwidiphozi. Lapho kwenzeka kaningi, inzuzo iyanda (inqobo nje uma ofaka imali engayikhiphi inzalo enqwabelene).
On practice, imali enziwe ngofeleba nyangazonke inezinga eliphansi lokuphakama kunelikota eyodwa.
Ungayifaka kanjani imali kahle - imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sabaqalayo
5. Uyifaka kanjani imali ebhange - izinyathelo ezi-4 ezilula 📝
Amabhange ahlinzeka ngezinhlelo ezahlukahlukene zokufaka imali ukuheha amakhasimende. Kunoma yisiphi isikhungo sokubolekisa, kunezindlela eziningi ongakhetha kuzo zokutshala imali.
Kufanele ukuqondaukuthi izinhlelo ezinhlobonhlobo ezinjalo zingukukhangisa kunokunikezwa kwezimo ezihluke ngokuphelele.
Ngemuva kokwenza isinqumo sokubeka inani elithile lokonga ebhange, ofaka imali ulandela inhloso yokonga imali bese ehola kancane. Inani lemali engenayo enjalo incike kakhulu ekukhetheni kwesikhungo sezikweletu.
Ngezansi kunemininingwane imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo ekuvuleni idiphozi, ngemuva kokuyifunda, ungagwema amaphutha amaningi futhi ugcine isikhathi sakho.
Isinyathelo 1. Ukukhetha ibhange
Ngaphandle kokuthi amadiphozithi emabhange aqinisekiswe yi-DIA (i-ejensi yomshwalense wediphozi), udinga ukukhetha inhlangano ezinzile, ethembekile. Ngubani ofuna ukulinda imali yakhe ibuyiswe lapho kuhoxiswa ilayisense yasebhange?
Lapho ukhetha ibhange, kufanele unake izinkomba eziyisi-2 eziyinhloko:
- Ukuthembeka.Ungahlola ibhange ngesilinganiso; ukubuyekezwa kwamakhasimende; imibiko eshicilelwe kusayithi.
- Ukutholakala.Lapho ukhetha ibhange, umuntu kufanele acabangele iqiniso lokuthi ukude kwalo lapho uhlala khona noma ibhizinisi. Kuyinto elula ukuba nediphozi ebhange "ngaphakathi kwebanga lokuhamba ngezinyawo".
Kungcono ukuvula idiphozi esikhungweni sezikweletu lapho usuvele uyiklayenti (isib, ufake isicelo semalimboleko noma wavula i-akhawunti yamanje yosomabhizinisi ngabanye). Amabhange athembekile kumakhasimende awo futhi anganikeza ngezimo eziheha kakhulu (ikakhulukazi kumakhasimende ezimo ze-VIP).
Isinyathelo 2. Ukukhetha uhlelo lokubeka imali
Amawebhusayithi amabhange analo lonke ulwazi ngezimo, izinhlobo zamadiphozithi. Kungenzeka ukubala imali engenayo usebenzisa i-calculator eku-inthanethi. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukubala ngokucophelela zonke izinketho zokutshala imali bese ukhetha okungcono kakhulu.
Imingcele eyinhloko yomnikelo, edinga ukunakwa ngokukhethekile:
- iphesenti;
- kungenzeka ukugcwaliswa kabusha / ukuhoxiswa;
- imvamisa yenzalo eyengeziwe, ubukhona bokusetshenziswa kwemali;
- izidingo zokuqala zokuhoxa.
Kubalulekile ukucabangela! Awukwazi ukuthembela kunani lesilinganiso senzalo njengesisekelo. Okungcono, usebenzisa i-calculator, bala imali engenayo yohlobo oluthile lwediphozi.
Okunye okubalulekile ukuthi isikhathi sokubekwa... Kungcono ukwelula isikhathi sesivumelwano kunokukhipha idiphozi ngaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphandle kwenzalo.
Ungaxhumana amasevisi wokukhetha imali... Lapho kungenzeka ukufaka amapharamitha wediphozi futhi uhlelo luzohlinzeka ngezimo ezifanele zokutshalwa kwezimali.
Isinyathelo 3. Ukusayina inkontileka
Isiphetho sesivumelwano sediphozi siyinqubo ejwayelekile futhi asilethi bunzima.
Kwethulwa ibhange ipasipoti (izakhamizi ze-Russian Federation) noma enye umazisi (ezakhamizi zakwamanye amazwe), futhi kugcwaliswa nekhadi elinamasampula wesiginesha ukuze kutholakale ubunikazi bomuntu siqu. Ngokwengeziwe ungahle udinge i-ID yezempi futhi indawo yokuhlala.
Uhlobo lwenkontileka lujwayelekile; lapho usayina, naka i- isamba, isikhathi, inzalo yemali engenayo nezinye izimo ezibalulekile zediphozi. Ngemuva kokusayina, ikhophi eyodwa yesivumelwano idluliselwa kumuntu obeke imali. Lapho wenza idiphozi online, inkontileka ithunyelwa ku-imeyili yomgcini-mali.
Isinyathelo 4. Ukubeka imali ku-cashier nokuthola isiqinisekiso sokuvula idiphozi
Obeka imali ufaka imali etafuleni lemali laleli bhange, athola ibhange elamukelekile irisidi yemali nesiginesha nesitembu somsebenzi wasebhange futhi isivumelwano sesibambisoisayinwe yizinhlangothi zombili. Le mibhalo iyisiqinisekiso sokuvulwa kwediphozithi.
Kwezinye izimo, ofaka imali angakhishwa incwadi yokonga... Kancane kancane baba yinto yesikhathi esedlule, manje sekuvame ukuhlinzekwa ngamadiphozithi ngokuvulwa kwe-akhawunti yekhadi... Uma uxhuma ibhange le-Inthanethi kulelo khadi, ungalandelela yonke imisebenzi yediphozi.
Amabhange amaningi ahlinzeka ngemisebenzi yokuvula idiphozi online. Her inzuzo ukuthi asikho isidingo sokuya enhlanganweni yasebhange, ume olayini, ulinde.
Ngoba idiphozi eku-inthanethi udinga ukuya kusayithi lebhange elikhethiwe, ubhalise kulo. Xhuma insiza ku-akhawunti yakho yomuntu siqu "Vula idiphozi".
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuya ngohlobo lwediphozi, udinga ukufaka imininingwane, ukhombise imininingwane ye-akhawunti lapho imali izofakwa kudiphozi kuyo. Kulokhu, ukuqinisekiswa kokuvulwa kwediphozithi kuzoba idokhumenti yewebhu emakiwe "Kuqediwe".
Ngakho-ke, kungaphawulwa ukuthi akunzima ukuvula idiphozi, into esemqoka ukuthi kuletha inzuzo elindelekile.
6. Ziphi izimo ezingcono kakhulu zamadiphozithi - amabhange we-TOP-3 anezimo ezithandekayo zamadiphozithi 📋
Ukuze bazethembe ekutshalweni kwabo kwemali, bakhetha imali emabhange athembekile. Ukuphishekela ukubuya okuphezulu kungaholela emiphumeleni eyinhlekelele.
Uma isikhungo sezikweletu sithathiwe ilayisense, khona-ke inani eliphakeme ongathembela kulo ukubuyisa inani lediphozithi nenzalo esivele ifakiwe ku-akhawunti. Inzalo ayitholakali ngemuva kokuchithwa kwelayisense; kuzofanele ulinde izimali kusuka 1 izinyanga nangaphezulu... Lokhu kuhlinzekelwa ukuthi idiphozi ibinomshwalense.
Qaphela! Lapho ukhetha ukuthi uzotshala kuphi imali, kungcono ukuqondiswa yizimiso "Okuncane kungcono".
Ngezansi kukhethiwe TOP - 3 amabhange, ezinikela ngezimo ezinhle zokubeka imali futhi ezinokwethenjelwa okuphezulu.
1) Ibhange
Ibhange elikhulu kunawo wonke futhi elinokwethenjelwa eRussia Federation - I-Sberbank... Amakhasimende akhe angaphezu kuka Abantu abayizigidi ezingama-139 emhlabeni jikelele. Inenethiwekhi yegatsha ebanzi kakhulu, amahhovisi abamele kanye nezinkampani ezingaphansi kwamazwe angomakhelwane, i-Europe, i-Asia ne-USA. Mayelana nalokhu, kulula ukuthi amakhasimende asebenzise izinsizakalo zawo.
Kuhle ukucatshangelwa, isilinganiso sebhange siyasivumela hhayi mobile kakhulu, ukuheha imali hhayi ngamanani aphakeme kakhulu, kepha anamandla futhi athembekile.
Uhla lwamadiphozithi ahlinzekwayo ebhange lubanzi kakhulu. Lapha kuphakanyisiwe izinhlelo ezahlukahlukene ezihlosiwe kwababeki bezimali abakhulu nalabo abadinga ukonga imali yabo, izinhlelo zosizo.
Ungavula idiphozi kuma-ruble, Euro, amadola... Yonke imibandela yethulwe kuwebhusayithi yenkampani ngokwazi ukubala iphesenti lemali engenayo. Kungenzeka uvule idiphozi usebenzisa i-akhawunti yomuntu siqu I-Sberbank online.
Ubuncane idiphozi umkhawulo aphansi, ngakho-ke abafaka imali yasebhange ngamakhasimende anezinga elihlukile lemali engenayo. Izinga lenzalo akuyona ubukhulu. Ungathola imali enhle kuphela kuncike ekutshaleni imali enkulu.
Ibhange liheha amaklayenti ngohlobo lwawo kanye nokuba khona kwenani elikhulu lamagatsha namahhovisi angeziwe.
2) i-VTB 24
Ibhange lingenye yezinkampani ezinkulu kakhulu zokuthenga ngesikweletu eRussia. Ugxile ekusebenzeni ne- abantu abazimele, amabhizinisi amancane, osomabhizinisi... Ukubalwa cishe amaklayenti ayizigidi eziyi-12 ngabanye, inenethiwekhi ebanzi yegatsha. Inokulinganiswa okuphezulu kochwepheshe.
Izipesheli anhlobonhlobo izinhlelo idiphozi, imibandela yokuvulwa eyethulwe kuwebhusayithi yayo kwi-Intanethi. Inzuzo yediphozi nayo ibalwa esizeni. Ibhange linikezela ngosizo lokuvula idiphozi kude. Imali ivulwa nganoma iyiphi imali (ama-ruble, Euro, idola).
Kuphakeme ngokwanele idiphozi umkhawulo inikeza ukuthutheleka kwamakhasimende acebile. Ephakeme isilinganiso senzalokunaseSberbank, isikhathi samadiphozithi ngaphambi 5 iminyaka, ngezinga elihle lokuthembeka kwenza iminikelo I-VTB 24 into yokutshala imali ethandwayo.
3) PJSC Bank FC Otkritie
Ibhange lisebenza ezimakethe zezezimali Okuningi 20 iminyaka, yibhange langasese elikhulu kunawo wonke eRussian Federation. Ngokwe-ejensi yokulinganisa "Ingcweti RA" kuthatha 7-th indawo ngokwenhlokodolobha yokulingana. Inamagatsha ezifundeni ezingama-52 zaseRussia, cishe amaklayenti ayisigidi esingu-3.5 ngabanye.
Ibhange linezinsiza ezizenzakalelayo ngokuphelele zabantu ngabanye. Ungakwazi ukudweba, ukulahla, ukukhipha imali ngesikhathi sokuvakasha komuntu ebhange noma ngohlelo lokusebenza lweselula... Kukhona futhi Ibhange le-inthanethi.
Ungavula idiphozi kunoma iyiphi imali. Isikhungo esikweletwa sinikela anhlobonhlobo amadiphozithi.
Ibhange linesilinganiso umkhawulo womnikeloitholakale kumakhasimende amaningi. Izimo ezilula futhi eziphakeme isilinganiso senzalonikeza ukubuya okuhle kumadiphozithi.
Isikhungo sezikweletu sinikela ngenzalo eyengeziwe kumadiphozithi avuliwe online ukwandisa ukuthandwa kwale nsizakalo.
Ngezansi kukhona netafula elifingqiwe lokucaca. by 6-amabhange amakhulu nenani eliphansi lediphozi kanye nenani eliphakeme lenzalo ekulo.
Ithebula lokuqhathanisa lamadiphozithi emabhange ahlukahlukene anezinkomba zomkhawulo omncane womnikelo nenzalo kuwo:
| № | Inhlangano yezikweletu | Ubuncane. inani lediphozi, ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane | UMax. amaphesenti ngonyaka |
| 1 | I-Sberbank | 1 | 5,63 |
| 2 | I-VTB 24 | 200 | 7,40 |
| 3 | Iyavula | 50 | 9,25 |
| 4 | URosselkhozbank | 50 | 8,75 |
| 5 | Ibhange lase-Ural lokwakha kabusha nentuthuko | 5 | 9,00 |
| 6 | Ibhange iTinkoff | 50 | 9,45 |
Ngakho-ke, izimo ezahlukahlukene nezindinganiso zamanani wenzalo zinikeza iklayenti ithuba lokukhetha ibhange elinenzalo enhle.
7. Ungayikhetha kanjani futhi uyihlele idiphozi yasebhange - amathiphu ama-5 awusizo avela kongoti 💎
Phambilini, ukuze uvule idiphozi, bekudingeka ukudlula amabhange wedolobha, ukhethe izimo ezifanele futhi ume kulayini esikhungweni sezikweletu esikhethiwe. Lokhu kudinga isikhathi (amahora okusebenza emabhange ngokuvamile aqondana namahora okusebenza kwamabhizinisi) futhi ukuzimisela.
Manje kwenze ngokuphawulekayo Kalula nakakhulu, okulula kakhulu futhi Ngokushesha.
Ukuze uthole inzuzo enkulu nenzuzo yokuthengiselana, siphakamisa ukuthi uzijwayeze nayo iseluleko sochwepheshe kulesi sifunda.
Ithiphu 1. Inani lenani lenzalo akufanele libe yitshe legumbi lokuzikhethela
Lapho uvula idiphozi, okugxilwe kakhulu kuzinga lenzalo. Kungabonakala sengathi yonke into ilungile, amadiphozithi aqinisekisiwe, asikho isidingo sokukhathazeka ngokulahleka kwawo. Kepha kuliqiniso kuphela inqobo nje uma ibhange lingenabo ubunzima bezezimali.
Kuhle ukucatshangelwaukuthi ngesikhathi sesivumelwano sediphozi, ilayisense yasebhange ingahoxiswa. Ngemuva kwalokho kuzodingeka ubuyise inani lediphozithi nenzalo encane. Ngasikhathi sinye, lapho kufakwa esikhungweni sezikweletu esithembekile ngenzalo ephansi, imali engenayo yomfakisimali ngaleso sikhathi izobe iphakeme.
Kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke izimo zohlelo ngalunye: Ukutholakala futhi imvamisa yokwenza ofeleba ngediphozi, ithuba lokugcwaliswa kabusha kwalo futhi ukususa njll.
Ithiphu 2. Hlukanisa umnikelo ube munye
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula: "Awukwazi ukugcina wonke amaqanda kubhasikidi owodwa." Lesi sisho sichaza ngokuphelele lesi seluleko esilandelayo.
Uma unesamba esikhulu sokonga, kungcono ukusabalalisa emabhange ahlukene.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nediphozi eyodwa, ukuvula amadiphozithi ambalwa emabhange ahlukene kunezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
- ukunciphisa ubungozi bokulahlekelwa yimali uma kwenzeka kuba khona ubunzima bezezimali ebhange;
- ikhono lokukhetha izimo ezilula kakhulu zomuntu ngamunye zokubeka izimali.
Iyakwazi ukuvula idiphozi yemali emininginayo enezinzuzo zayo.
Izinzuzo zediphozi yemali eminingi:
- ikhono lokuphatha i-akhawunti ngokukhululeka;
- uma kunesidingo, ungaguqula idiphozi;
- ukuncishiswa kokulahlekelwa kusuka emananini emali.
Inketho engcono kakhulu ukufaka idiphozi ngokulingana ngezimali ezintathu: ama-ruble, amadola, Euro.
Umuntu ongasabi ubungozi futhi afunde ukufunda ukuphatha izimali zakhe angavula idiphozi yokutshalwa kwezimali.
Isici sediphozithi yokutshalwa kwemali ukwahlukaniswa kwediphozi kube izingxenye ezimbili:
- umnikelo;
- ukutshalwa kwezimali kwizikhwama ezihlangene (izimali ezihlangene).
Inzalo ediphozithi ibalwa ngemodi ejwayelekile. Inzuzo yokutshalwa kwezimali kwizimali ezihlanganyelwe incike ezintweni eziningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, into yokutshala imali ikhethwa yikhasimende wedwa.
Ngakho-ke, ngokuvula idiphozi yokutshala imali, ungenza imali enhle ngengozi yezimo noma ulahlekelwe uhhafu wediphozithi uma ngabe utshalomali lwalungenanzuzo.
Ithiphu 3. Faka izimali kuphela ezikhungweni zezikweletu
Uma ngokubeka imali yakhe ayigcinile, umfakisimali ulindele ukuyibuyisa, lapho-ke ngeke ngikwazi zethembele izinkampani ezingaqinisekisiwe ezikhanga amakhasimende ngamaphesenti amahle.
Kuyadingeka ukufaka isicelo kuphela kulezo zikhungo zezikweletu ezinamadiphozithi angena kuzo I-Ejensi Yomshwalense Wediphozithi (I-DIA). Uhlu lwabo luyatholakala kuwebhusayithi ye-Agency kanye neBhange Elikhulu leRussian Federation.
Okubalulekile! Imvamisa, imifelandawonye yezikweletu, izinyunyana kanye neminye imiphakathi yezezimali isabalalisa imininingwane mayelana nomshuwalense wemisebenzi yabo. Imvamisa, lokhu kunjalo ukukhangisa stunt.
Uma amanani enzalo anikezwa yibo eheha kakhulu iklayenti, khona-ke kufanele uhlole imininingwane mayelana nalezi zinkampani.
Kunezindlela eziningana zokuhlola ukuthembeka kwesikhungo esikweletisa:
- Ngesikhathi sokuvakashela komuntu siqu ehhovisi lenkampanilapho yonke imibhalo kufanele ibe khona kusizinda somphakathi;
- Buka iwebhusayithi yenkampani. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanelekile ukunaka ubude bensizakalo, ubukhulu bezimpahla, inani lesikweletu sezibopho;
- Funda ukubuyekezwa kwamakhasimende ezithangamini ezizimele ezinezihloko.
Kuzoba nzima kumuntu ongeyena uchwepheshe ukuqonda wonke ama-nuances, kunamathuba aphezulu okuwela ezandleni zabalingani abangathembekile.
Ithiphu 4. Linganisela ngokusobala isikhathi sediphozi
Uma isikhathi sesikhathi sediphozi sikhula, izinga lenzalo likhuphuka. Uma izimali zabelwe isikhathi eside, akungabazeki ukuthi kufanele zibekwe enanini eliphezulu lenzalo.
Noma kunjalo, kufanelekile ukucatshangelwa ukuthi uma kwenzeka inkontileka isuswa ngaphambi kwesikhathi (akekho onomshwalense ngaphansi kwezimo ezingalindelekile) ubuncane, okungukuthi, ngeke ukwazi ukwenza imali ngalo.
Uma ukonga kungenzelwanga izinhloso ezithile: ukuthenga ikhaya, ukuhamba, njll., Kungcono ukhethe isikhathi esimaphakathi sokubeka imali.
Ithiphu 5. Kungcono ukukhetha imisho elula neqondakala kakhulu
Imikhankaso yokukhangisa yamabhange yenziwa ngenhloso yokuheha abafaka imali abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka. Kusungulwa "izimo ezinhle" ezahlukahlukene namabhonasi amnandi. Eqinisweni, kuvame ukuvela kube kuphela inkulumo-ze.
Uma ungeyena uchwepheshe wezezimali, kungcono ukhethe izinhlelo ezilula, inzuzo yazo engabalwa wedwa.
Izimo ezilula futhi eziqondakalayo, ibhange elithembekile - konke okudingayo ukuze ubeke imali oyongile ngokwakho.
Ukuba nenani lamahhala lemali, ungenza unomphela umthombo wemali engenayo, okuzoba ibhonasi enhle kwisabelomali somndeni.
8.Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa emabhange nasemadiphozithi asebhange 🔔
Okulandelayo, sizophendula imibuzo edumile ngalesi sihloko.
Umbuzo 1. Yini imali efakwa utshalomali?
Ukutshalwa kwemali iyithuluzi lezezimali elihlukahlukene lokubeka izimali. Isici sayo esikhulu ukuhlukaniswa kwezimali zibe umnikelo wangempela nokuqhubeka utshalomali esikhwameni sokutshala imali.
Le sevisi inikezwa yizikhungo zezikweletu ezixhumene nazo izimali ezihlangene (Izimali ezihlangene). Imvamisa inani lediphozi lihlukaniswa 50/50... Kepha yimali yediphozi kuphela ezoqinisekiswa kwi-DIA.
Namuhla, lezi zinhlobo zamadiphozidi ziluhlobo oludumile lwezinsizakalo zezezimali. Lokhu kungenxa yokwamukela kubo inzuzo enkulukunamadiphozi ajwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, obeka imali uthola isipiliyoni sokutshala imali ngobungozi obuncane.
Uhlangothi olulodwa, ukuhlukaniswa kwediphozi kube izingxenye ezimbili kuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwediphozithi nokutholwa kwemali engenayo ezinzile kuyo.
Ngokwesinye isandla, kunikezwa ithuba lokuthola inzuzo ephindwe kaningi ngotshalo-mali oluyimpumelelo noma ukulahlekelwa yimali etshalwe kwizikhwama ezihlangene.
Imibandela yamadiphozithi okutshalwa kwezimali yilena:
- umkhawulo wokungena ophakeme;
- isikhathi esifushane;
- akunakwenzeka ukwandiswa.
Umbuzo 2. Idiphozi ekhonjisiwe - iyini?
Kunamadiphozithi asebhange, okumbandela wawo ithuba lokukhomba inani lenzalo kuya ngenani lezimpahla ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuphepha, isilinganiso sedola, inkomba ye-RTS, izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali, njll..
Uma impahla ikhula, umfakisimali uthola enye inzalo, futhi uma impahla iwa, isilinganiso sikhokhiswa njengamadiphozithi "poste restante».
Umbuzo 3. Iyini i-online bank deposit calculator?
Muva nje, ukuze uqonde ukuthi kunenzuzo kangakanani ukufaka imali kwidiphozi, bekufanele uye ebhange, ume kulayini wokubonisana ngakunye. Manje konke sekuyinto Kalula nakakhulu futhi okulula kakhulu.
Wonke amawebhusayithi amabhange aqukethe imininingwane mayelana nezinhlelo eziphakanyisiwe zokuqongelela imali kumadiphozithi. Into emisha elula ukutholakala umshini wokubala wokufaka imali online... Inikeza ithuba lokubala inzuzo yohlelo oluthile ukuthola izimo ezihle kakhulu.
Isibali sokubala esiku-inthanethi wuhlelo olwenzelwe ngokukhethekile inhlangano ethile yezezimali, efaka yonke imibandela yediphozithi yebhange elithile.
Usebenzisa i-calculator eku-inthanethi, ungabala ukuthi ingakanani inzalo, noma imalini engenayo, idiphozi yasebhange (idiphozi) ezokuletha
Isibali sediphozi sisiza ukunquma uhlobo nesikhathi sethemu, kuyathakazelisa futhi kuyashesha ukuthi basebenze.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunzima kakhulu ukubala inani lemali engenayo ngesandla uma kunenzalo yemali yenzalo kanye nokugcwaliswa kwamadiphozithi. Wokubala oku-inthanethi ukubhekana nalo msebenzi ngokushesha.
Umbuzo 4. Ungayibala kanjani inzalo ediphozithi usebenzisa i-calculator eku-inthanethi?
I-calculator eku-inthanethi isiza ukubala iphesenti elinenzuzo lotshalo-mali kwidiphozi yesikhungo sesikweletu.
Amapharamitha ajwayelekile wesibali sediphozi okumele afakwe ekubalweni yile:
- inani nemali yediphozi;
- isilinganiso senzalo;
- imininingwane ngosonhlamvukazi;
- isikhathi sediphozi (usuku lokuvula / lokuvala).
Amapharamitha angeziwe, kuya ngohlobo oluthile lomnikelo, angaba uhlobo lokubheja, isamba futhi ukuvama kokugcwaliswa kabusha/ ukususa njll.
Ngemuva kokufaka idatha kukholamu "Umphumela" imali engenayo yediphozithi ethile izobalwa ngokuzenzakalela.
Kubalulekile ukwazi! Ifomula yokubala inzalo iyefana kuwo wonke amabhange, ngakho-ke, uma kungekho wokubala oku-inthanethi kuwebhusayithi yebhange elikhethiwe, ungenza ukubala usebenzisa olunye uhlelo ngokufaka amapharamitha akho kulo.
Esihlokweni, sizamile ukumboza zonke izici eziyinhloko zokutshala imali kumadiphozithi asebhange. Sikwethulele imigomo ediphozithi ethandwayo; ikhombise indlela yokubala inzalo yemali engenayo.
Iziphetho eziyinhloko ezingathathwa ekuhlaziyweni kwemakethe yediphozi zimi ngale ndlela elandelayo:
- Ukuze wenze inzuzo ebonakalayo, udinga imali enkulu;
- Idiphozi iyindlela enhle yokonga nokonga imali kusuka kumanani emali nakuwe, kanye nendlela enhle yokonga ukuthenga okukhulu okuzayo;
- Lokhu kuthengiselana kunezingozi eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokutshala imali;
- Ukuthola noma yikuphi, noma kungabalulekile, kodwa inani eliqhubekayo lemali engenayo, kwenza ukuthengiselana kokutshala imali kumadiphozithi / amadiphozithi kukhange futhi kufuneke.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi ubuke ividiyo mayelana nokuthi idiphozi yasebhange (idiphozi ebhange) ngamagama alula:
Beka imali oyongile ngokunenzuzo nangokuvikelekile, noma iziphi izingozi kufanele ziqaphele futhi zingabaluleki kubhajethi yomndeni. Inhlanhla kuwo wonke umuntu futhi sizokubona maduzane!
P.S. Ithimba lethu le-Ideas for Life lizojabula kakhulu uma wabelana ngamava akho nemibono ngesihloko sokushicilelwa kumazwana angezansi!