Inhloso yamakhabethe asebenza ngamandla, ukubuka konke kwemodeli

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Yonke indlu, ifulethi noma ibhizinisi kunekhabethe lokulinganisa ugesi, elidingekayo ekuthatheni ukufundwa kwensiza esetshenzisiwe. Le mishini ikhethekile, yenziwa ngokuya ngemithetho nemigomo.

Inhloso yomkhiqizo

Amandla kagesi, ngaphambi kokufinyelela kumthengi, adlula ezigabeni eziningana: ukukhiqizwa nokuthuthwa ngezintambo zokudlulisa amandla. Ekuqaleni, ugesi unikezwa izihlangu, ngemuva kwalokho uphinde usatshalaliswe. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukufakwa kwezinhlelo zokuvikela kuyenziwa, kudingekile uma kungenzeka kube nezimo eziphuthumayo nezehlakalo. Izihlangu zisetshenziswa emikhakheni yezimboni, ukufakwa kwenziwa ezakhiweni zokuhlala noma ezakhiweni zomphakathi.

Inhloso enkulu yekhabinethi ukwamukela nokusabalalisa okulandelayo kwamandla kagesi. Futhi inomsebenzi wokuvikela imigqa ekulayisheni okungenzeka, amasekethe amafushane. Ngokwesakhiwo, umkhiqizo uqukethe izinto ezilandelayo:

ipuleti lokuvikela elenziwe ngepulasitiki noma ngensimbi elinamamaswidi anamathiselwe kulo;
amadivayisi wokubala amandla asetshenzisiwe;
umshini wokufaka.

Ukufakwa kwemishini kuyenziwa:

ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo, izakhiwo;
ngaphandle.

Izihlangu zenzelwe i-voltage ejwayelekile ye-220 V noma i-380 V.

Amakhabethe kagesi kagesi enziwa ngendlela elula, asebenzela ukuthola nokudlulisa ugesi wokusebenza kwemishini yasendlini, amasokhethi namadivayisi wokukhanyisa. Inhloso yezihlangu iyanda, futhi kuba nesidingo sokwenza izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe. Ngephaneli elilodwa, amandla kagesi angasatshalaliswa efulethini elilodwa noma kuyo yonke indlu.

Izinhlobonhlobo

Sekukonke, kunezigaba eziningana zamakhabethe akhiqizwayo, ukwahlukaniswa kukhiqizwa ngokuya nge:

indlela yokufaka - ukwakheka kwezihlangu kungabekwa odongeni noma kumiswe okwesikhashana. Okuthandwa kakhulu amabhokisi angena ku-niche, kepha ngosayizi abathile abahlelelwe ukubekwa ngaphakathi kwezindonga;
ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo - inhlanganisela yensimbi nepulasitiki - ekahle ekwakhiweni kwamakhabethe, ngoba amandla afanayo anikezwa ngasikhathi sinye, futhi okokusebenza kudlala indima ye-dielectric.

Kwaphela ikhefu

Okuboshiwe

Amakhabethe ahlukaniswe ngale ndlela elandelayo:

endaweni yokufaka: ukwakheka kwangaphandle noma kwangaphakathi;
ngendlela yokubekwa: ukuma phansi, okwakhelwe ngaphakathi noma ukukhwezwa;
ngohlobo lokusabalalisa kwamandla: kuma-fuse noma ama-breaker breakers;
ngendlela yokuxhuma imitha yamandla: ukunikezwa kwamandla ngqo noma ngamadivayisi we-transformer;
ngokuya ngamanje okulinganisiwe: kusuka ku-50 kuye ku-400 A;
ngokusho kwezinga lokuvikelwa kwegobolondo: ukubekwa ngaphakathi noma ngaphandle (i-IP21 noma i-IP54);
ukubekwa ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zezulu (U3, UHL U31,);
ngokusho kwezici zokusebenza, kufaka phakathi ukuhlobana nemithwalo yangaphandle enamandla (M1, M2 ne-M3).

Indlu

Umgwaqo

Izinhlobo zamakhabethe wamitha kagesi wamitha:

ШУ-1 yikhabethe elihlome ngemitha elilodwa elinikwe amandla i-transformer noma lixhumeke ngqo;
ШУ-2 - ukwakhiwa kwale mishini kufaka ukufakwa kwamamitha amabili axhunywe nge-transformer noma ngqo;
ШУ-1 / Т - le divayisi isebenza kusuka kumitha elilodwa, ngokuxhumeka okunikeziwe kwe-transformer nebhokisi elilodwa lokugcina lokuhlola (ngemuva kwalokhu i-IKK);
ШУ -2 / Т - ikhabethe elifakwe amamitha amabili we-transformer kanye ne-IKK;
I-SCHUR iyibhodi yokulinganisa imitha yamandla exhunywe ngqo kusabalalisi kagesi wabathengi abaningana.

Ukukhiqizwa, ukufakwa noma ukuhlangana kwamakhabethe we-metering kagesi kwenziwa ngokuya ngezidingo zemibhalo yokulawula.

SHU-1

SHU-1-T

SHU-2

Schur

Izinsiza kusebenza

Ukuklanywa kokuvalekile kubheka ukuphepha nokusebenziseka kalula. Ibhokisi liqukethe umzimba omkhulu nomnyango.

Uhlu lwezinto zemishini:

iziqobosho zamakhabethe;
izakhi zokwakheka kokufakwa kwabaqhubi bamanje kagesi, amadivayisi, izibopho kanye namadivayisi wokuxhuma;
izibopho zokuxhumana zokuxhuma abaqhubi bangaphandle bamanje kagesi, kufaka phakathi izibopho ezikhethekile zokuxhuma izinto ezingekho ngaphansi kokusebenza namanethiwekhi PE, N noma i-PEN;
isakhiwo somnyango senzelwe ukuvula nge-engeli. Kuyinto elula ukugcinwa, umsebenzi wokufaka, ohleliwe nezinye izinhlobo zokulungiswa;
ngaphakathi kwamakhabethe, kufakwe izinto ezahlukahlukene: ama-breaker wesekhethi wamandla kagesi ahlukile namaswishi ahlinzekwa ngaphandle kokuvikelwa kumageza anemvamisa ephezulu, ukushintshwa kwe-modular ngokukhishwa kwemisebenzi eminingi C noma B, kanye nokushintshwa kokushintshwa okwenziwa ngesandla;
ngamamitha kagesi aqonde ngqo ku-inthanethi, ngenkathi kwenziwa, ukusebenza okunesigaba sokunemba okungenani okungu-2 kucatshangelwa, kuyilapho inkomba yamanje ephezulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza ingekho ngaphansi kwesilinganiso esivela kudivayisi yokufaka;
amasekethe afakwe ngaphakathi kwamakhabethe enziwe ngabaqhubi bethusi ababengakafiki, kuyilapho isigaba esiphambanweni sikhethiwe kucatshangelwa umdwebo wokuxhuma wezinto zesakhiwo namandla wamandla kagesi;
izintambo zifakwe okungenani amandla we-660 V asetshenzisiwe.
ama-conductor wokuzivikela angathathi hlangothi PE, N anikezwa ngumenzi ngemibala ehlukene ngokuya ngezidingo zamazinga ombuso;
lapho kuklanywa amakhabethe, ukusebenza kwawo kuyabhekwa. Okungukuthi, kusebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezilinganisiwe. Isigaba 1 seKhabhinethi sokubekwa sisho ukuthi amabhodi wamamitha angabekwa ngaphandle. Iqembu lezimo zokusebenza lingaphandle maqondana nomthelela wamathonya womshini.

Ukufakwa kwamakhabethe we-metering yamandla kwenziwa ngokuya ngemithetho, ama-GOST kanye namanye amazinga, ngokuya kwephrojekthi evunyelwe ngaphambilini. Ngaphakathi kwezicabha zephaneli, izinombolo zemishini kufanele zibhalwe ngokucacile nokuthi ugesi unikezwa kuliphi igumbi lapho kukhanyiswa iswishi.

Ungabeka kuphi

Amakhabethe afakiwe kufanele aqinisekiswe futhi abe nemiyalo yokubekwa, ukulungiswa nokusebenza. Izidingo zokuhlala:

ukufakwa kwezihlangu kufanele kwenziwe endaweni yamahhala yokusiza, ngenkathi igumbi kufanele lome, futhi umbuso wokushisa kufanele okungenani ube ngu-00 ngisho nasebusika;
ngesisekelo samazinga, ukubekwa kwamakhabethe kuvunyelwe emakamelweni angenamfudumalo eziteshi zikagesi, nakumaphaneli angaphandle. Kepha ezimweni ezinjalo, ukwahlukanisa kunikezwa isizini ebandayo: ngosizo lokuvikela amakhabethe noma izindlela zokushisa ngesibani sikagesi. Kulesi simo, izinga lokushisa lokushisa akufanele lidlule ngaphezu kwama-degree angama-20;
amakhabethe enzelwe ukusebenza emkhakheni wezimboni akumele afakwe ezindaweni ezinolaka nasezingeni lokushisa langaphandle elingaphezu kwama-400;
Izidingo zokuphakama kusuka ebhokisini lokugcina ziye phansi kufanele zibe kubanga kusuka ku-0.8 kuye ku-1.7 m. Ezimweni ezehlukile, ubude obungaphansi kuka-0.8, kepha hhayi ngaphansi kuka-0.4 m, buvunyelwe.
uma amakhabethe we-metering kagesi kudingeka ukuthi abekwe ezakhiweni zomphakathi, ezinhlakeni, kufaka phakathi izitebhisi namaphaseji, kufanele avalwe, futhi ukufundwa kukagesi osetshenzisiwe kumele kukhonjiswe kwidayili ehlukile;
ukwakheka kwawo wonke amakhabethe kufanele kucatshangelwe ukufinyelela kwamahhala ezikhumulweni nasezikhungweni, ukufakwa noma ukushintshwa kwemitha ohlangothini olungaphambili lwekhabethe;
izidingo zokuphepha zokufakwa nokushintshwa kwamamitha ngo-380 V kufaka ukunqanyulwa kokushintshwa kwamadivayisi ebangeni elingeqi ku-10 m;
Amamitha wamandla we-metering avela ku-transformer enziwa akude, atholakala kwikhabhinethi eseduze.

Ikhabethe ngalinye elakhelwe ngaphakathi kumele libe nesitifiketi esifanele sokuphepha, okokukhiya okufinyeleleka kubantu abaqeqeshiwe nabaqinisekiswe ngokuya ngemithetho yokuphepha kagesi, kufaka phakathi ukufakwa kwamathuluzi okubeka phansi kuphoqelekile.

Amathiphu wokukhetha

Izincomo eziyisisekelo zokukhetha ikhabethe lokulinganisa ugesi:

ngaphambi kokunquma ngokukhetha, kufanele uqale ubheke indawo yokufaka. Lesi sinqumo singanqunywa yiphrojekthi evunyelwe;
indlela yokufaka inqunywa ngokuya ngamakhono, kufaka phakathi ukutholakala kokufinyelela kwamahhala, kepha izidingo zeMithetho namanye amazinga ziyabhekwa;
inani lamamitha afakwe kwikhabethe nalo liyisici esibalulekile;
inani lepharamitha yamanje. Izici zobuchwepheshe zekhabhinethi zichaza izinkomba zamanje nezamandla ezenzelwe yona;
ukuvikelwa kwesakhiwo somkhumbi ngokumelene namathonya ezemvelo.

Izincomo ezingeziwe zokukhetha ikhabethe lokulinganisa ugesi:

ungakhohlwa ngokuphepha kwakho lapho ukhetha idivaysi, ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwangaphandle kobukhona bemiphetho ebukhali kanye ne-burrs;
ukubukeka kufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo ze-aesthetics, okungukuthi, okungewona upende, ukufakwa okugqwalayo, ukukhubazeka kwensimbi okusalayo, ama-chips nokuqhekeka akufanele kube njalo;
asikho isidingo sokuziba ukusebenza kwamadivayisi wokukhiya, okungukuthi, kufanele uqale uhlole ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwesikhiya;
uma ungabaza lapho ukhetha, kufanele ucele usizo kochwepheshe.

Ukufakwa kwamapaneli kagesi kufanele kwenziwe yinhlangano ekhethekile enelungelo lokuzibandakanya kulolu hlobo lomsebenzi. IKhabinethi ekhethwe kahle futhi efakiwe yokulinganisa amandla kagesi izosiza ekuphepheni ngesikhathi sokulungiswa nokunemba kokufunda.