Meldonium - kuyini? Ihlazo le-Doping eRussia nasemhlabeni

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Umbuzo wokuthi uyini uMeldonius, unentshisekelo kwabaningi, ngemuva kwesinye isichitho sokuhlolwa kwezidakamizwa. Ngizokwazisa ngomuthi futhi ngicabange ubunzima bokusebenzisa kwawo - izinkomba, ukuphikisana kanye nomthamo.

I-Meldonium iyi-ejenti ye-metabolic eyakhiwa eLatvia ngawo-1980, evamisa imetabolism yamandla yamaseli abhekene ne-ischemia noma i-hypoxia. Isetshenziselwa ukulwa nezifo zenhliziyo, ukuvimbela isifo senhliziyo ne-angina pectoris. Ngo-2012, lesi sidakamizwa safakwa ohlwini lwezidakamizwa ezibalulekile. NgoJanuwari 2016, i-World Anti-Doping Agency yafaka lesi sidakamizwa ohlwini lwenqatshelwe.

U-Ivars Kalvins, umdali we-meldonium, uthi ubuchopho bakhe bukhulisa ukusetshenziswa komoya-mpilo, ngenxa yalokho amaseli emzimbeni akhiqiza amandla ezimweni zomoya-mpilo omncane.

Esikhaleni se-post-Soviet, i-meldonium isesidingo esinomona. Idume kakhulu kubasubathi abangochwepheshe, njengoba ivumela umzimba ukuthi ujwayele imithwalo emikhulu futhi usheshise ukutakula ngaphandle kokukhulisa kakhulu amakhono omzimba.

Ekuqaleni kuka-2015, i-meldonium yavela ohlwini lwezidakamizwa ezingathathwa njengezidakamizwa, kepha enkundleni yezemidlalo zihlolelwa ubukhona bazo egazini. Ekwindla ngawo lowo nyaka (ukuvinjelwa kwaqala ukusebenza ngoJanuwari 1, 2016), wayesohlwini lwezinto ezingavunyelwe ukusetshenziswa ngabasubathi, ezihlanganiswe yi-World Anti-Doping Agency.

Ngokwesigaba samanje, i-meldonium iyi-hormone kanye ne-modulator ye-metabolic. Kubikwa ukuthi ochwepheshe bathole ubufakazi bokusetshenziswa kwalesi sidakamizwa ngabasubathi ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza. Umakhi wesidakamizwa uthi ukuhlolwa kwe-ejensi akunasisekelo ngokwesayensi, futhi ukuvinjelwa kuyisinyathelo sabancintisana abenza i-carnitine.

Isebenza kanjani iMeldonium doping kubagijimi

I-Meldonium iyi-analogue yesakhiwo ye-β-butyrobetaine, into ekhona emzimbeni enomthelela omuhle ku-metabolism wamandla futhi ivuselele uhlelo lwezinzwa. Ithole ukusetshenziswa kwezemidlalo, ngoba yandisa ukukhuthazela komzimba ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca futhi isiza ukubhekana nokucindezeleka kwengqondo ngesikhathi somncintiswano. Ake sihlolisise umgomo wesenzo se-meldonium doping.

Lapho umzimba uvame ukuhlala ucindezelwa ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, i-meldonium ilawula ibhalansi yokulethwa komoya-mpilo nokusetshenziswa. Lokhu kungenxa yokuvuselelwa kwezinqubo ze-metabolic, ezinikeza amandla ngokusetshenziswa komoya omncane.
Ngenxa yomthwalo osindayo, umzimba ulahlekelwa ngamandla namandla. Ngenxa ye-meldonium, umgijimi ubhekana nokuzivocavoca nge-titanic, usebenzisa i-oxygen kancane futhi abuyisele izinsiza zamandla ngokushesha okukhulu.
I-Meldonium isheshisa ukuhanjiswa kwenjabulo yezinzwa, ngenxa yalokho, umsebenzi we-muscle mass uyashesha. Le nto ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise amandla omzimba kuze kube sezingeni eliphezulu futhi kulula ukubekezelela ukucindezelwa ngokomzimba nangokwezinzwa. Kubonakala ikakhulukazi lapho umuntu epompa imisipha.
Ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa, amandla amaningi adliwe, inani lamafutha acid kumaseli ancishisiwe. Ngenxa ye-softronate, amaseli ajwayela ukushoda kwama-acid acid futhi asinda ezimweni lapho kufa khona abantu abangaqeqeshiwe.
Ngesikhathi somncintiswano, umzimba womsubathi ubuye uvezwe ekucindezelekeni kwe-neuropsychic. IMildronate ilungisa amangqamuzana ezinzwa ukucindezeleka. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umgijimi ugcina ingqondo ecacile nesimo esihle somzimba.
Indlela yokusebenza eyingqayizivele emzimbeni yavumela i-meldonium ukuthola uhlelo lokusebenza ekulweni nezifo ezahlukahlukene. Isetshenziswa ngabantu abaphilile ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza.
I-metabolic nto okukhulunywa ngayo ithuthukisa ukuthuthwa kwe-glucose kumaseli. Ukunikezwa kwamandla okuvamile emisipha yenhliziyo nobuchopho kwenziwa ngisho nasezimeni zoshukela ophansi wegazi.

I-Meldonium ikhiqiza umphumela oshukumisayo ekucabangeni komzimba kuyashesha, inkumbulo iyathuthuka, ukuqina kokunyakaza kuyanda, futhi ukumelana nezimo ezingezinhle kuyanda.

Uma ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa noma ukuncintisana kungenzeki ukugcwalisa igazi nge-oxygen futhi unikeze umzimba amandla, amaseli asinda kuphela ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okulungile kwezinsizakusebenza ezitholakalayo.

Imiyalo yokusetshenziswa kwe-meldonium

Noma yimuphi umuthi unemiphumela emibi nokuphikisana. Umphumela wezidakamizwa uthonywe kakhulu ukudla, ngoba imikhiqizo ingakhuphula noma inciphise umphumela wokwelapha. Ngokuvamile, izinkinga zivela kumthamo ongalungile.

Ngizocubungula imiyalo yokusetshenziswa kwe-meldonium yezifo ezahlukahlukene. Ngaphambi kokuthatha lesi sidakamizwa, qiniseka ukuthi ubonane nodokotela wakho.

Ukuphazamiseka kokujikeleza kobuchopho... Ngesikhathi sesigaba esibucayi kudliwa u-0.5 g nsuku zonke.Inkambo yokwelashwa yinyanga eyodwa.
Izifo zenhliziyo... Kulokhu, i-meldonium iyisici sokwelashwa okuyinkimbinkimbi. Thatha ama-500 mg nsuku zonke. Umthamo wansuku zonke uvame ukuhlukaniswa ngemithamo emibili. Amaviki ayisithupha yisikhathi esihle sokwelashwa.
I-Cardialgia... Thatha ama-500 mg nsuku zonke. I-Cardialgia ayisona isifo esizimele, kodwa umphumela wenqubo yokugula. Kuthatha inyanga nohhafu ukulungisa inkinga.
Izifo ezingalapheki... Umthamo wansuku zonke ungama-500 mg, isikhathi sokwelashwa yinyanga eyodwa. Inkambo ephindaphindwayo ivunyelwe kuphela ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela.
Ukugcwala ngokwengqondo nangokomzimba... Abasubathi bathatha lesi sidakamizwa u-0.5 amagremu ngosuku amasonto amabili. Kwesinye isikhathi ukwelashwa kuyaphindwa ngemuva kweminyaka engamashumi amabili.
Ukuphuza ngokweqile... Lapho umuntu efuna ukuyeka ukuphuza, kunconywa ukuthi athathe i-meldonium kane ngosuku, i-500 mg, ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela, isonto lonke.
I-Vascular pathology... Umuthi uyajova. Umthamo ubalwa ngudokotela, kucatshangelwa isimo sesiguli kanye nesigaba sesifo.
Ukuqeqesha nokuncintisana... Abasubathi abangochwepheshe basebenzisa u-0.5 amagremu kabili ngosuku ngaphambi kokuqeqeshwa. Inkambo yokwelashwa esikhathini sokulungiselela amashumi amabili eminyaka, phakathi nomncintiswano - ishumi leminyaka.

Akuvunyelwe ukuthatha i-Mildronate ngokunyuka kwengcindezi yokungasebenzi, ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nangesikhathi sokuncelisa. Uhlu Izimo kuhlanganisa ukuzwela okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Ngabe iMeldonium neMildronate ziyefana?

I-Meldonium yisidakamizwa esithuthukisa imetabolism futhi sinikeza umzimba amandla emazingeni weselula nezicubu. Amafomu amathathu esikali athengiswa njengamanje:

Ama-capsules;
Isiraphu;
Isixazululo somjovo.

Amafomu womthamo asohlwini asuselwa entweni esebenzayo i-meldonium, amagama okuhweba angamaMildronat, Mildrocard, Cardionat, Midolat, THP.

Abasubathi abafanelekeli i-meldonium eRussia nasemhlabeni

IMeldonium yayingathathwa njenge-doping cishe iminyaka engama-50, kwaze kwaba ngu-2016. Kusukela ngoMashi 11, 2016, abasubathi abangama-60 bahlolwe ukuthi banalo yini ukuhlolwa kwe-doping.

Isidakamizwa sithathwe nguMaria Sharapova, umdlali wethenisi waseRussia futhi waba ngumpetha womhlaba amaningi. Uhlu lwabasubathi baseRussia abalahlwa yicala lokusebenzisa i-meldonium lubandakanya umgibeli wamabhayisikili uVorganov, umdlali we-volleyball uMarkin, umdlali wezemidlalo uKulizhnikov, umdlali wezemidlalo uBobrova.

Abasubathi abavela kwamanye amazwe nabo bavumile ukuthi basebenzise iMildronat ngoMashi 2016: u-Abramova wase-Ukraine no-biathlete Tishchenko, umgijimi we-marathon wase-Ethiopia uNegesse, abagijimi baseSweden nabaseTurkey amabanga aphakathi u-Aregavi noBulut, iqembu le-wrestling laseGeorgia ngokugcwele.

Ngokwemithetho yamanje ye-WADA, ukusebenzisa i-doper kujeziswa ngokungavunyelwa izinyanga ezingafika kwezingu-48. Abasubathi abanezivivinyo ezinhle zokusebenzisa izidakamizwa bazomiswa emncintiswaneni isikhathi sokuphenya. Uma iphaneli lochwepheshe lithatha isinqumo sokungavumeli umsubathi, angalahlekelwa yizicoco azitholile ebugebengwini lapho kutholakala khona ukwephulwa komthetho.

Imininingwane yevidiyo

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eJ86osgiAr4

Uhlangothi lwezezimali lodaba ludinga ukunakwa ngokukhethekile. Isibonelo, ngoSharapova ohilelekile ekuhlazekeni neMeldonium, izinkontileka zokukhangisa zemikhiqizo yakwaNike nePorsche zamiswa. Uma abaphathi bezinkampani bephula izinkontileka, umdlali wethenisi uzolahlekelwa amakhulu ezigidi zamaRandi.

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