Ama-nuances wokunakekela i-begonia yombuso: isitshalo sendlu esisodwa
I-Imperial begonia noma i-begonia rex ayisona isitshalo sangaphakathi esihlobisayo kuphela, kepha futhi siyisitshalo esingapheli nesine-herbaceous.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-1 500 zale mbali enhle kangaka. Ihlukile kokunye ngokubukeka okuhle kwamaqabunga, uhlelo olunamandla nolunamandla, isiqu siphansi futhi siwugqinsi, simbozwe ngama-bristles anemibala ehlukile. Intandokazi yabo bonke abalimi kanye nabalimi be-amateur.
Incazelo ye-Botanical
I-Begonia isitshalo esinamaqabunga amangalisayo eza ngemibala nosayizi ohlukahlukene. Amaqabunga ayindilinga, amise okweqanda noma ahlangane. Lezi zimbali azaziswa kakhulu ngombala wazo, kodwa ngenxa yokuhlobisa kwazo okuhle. Amaqabunga afinyelela osayizi obukhulu, cishe amasentimitha ayishumi.
Izimbali zimhlophe futhi zikhula zisuka kumasentimitha angu-0.3 kuye ku-0.5. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-begonias eziqhakaza izimbali: i-begonia ehlala njalo, i-elatior, noma ebizwa nangokuthi i-begonia yasebusika (uzofunda ama-nuances amaningi ngalolu hlobo lwembali lapha), i-tuberous begonia (ingakhula ibe ngamasentimitha angama-80).
I-Begonia ihlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili:
- I-Iron Cross... Isuka ku-15 kuye ku-18 okuluhlaza okugcwele.
Ukukhiqiza kwenzeka ngokusebenzisa ukusika. Nginisela ngokucophelela ebusika.
Grus en Erfurt... Amaqabunga aluhlaza. Ukuzala nokuzilungisa kuyefana nse-Iron Cross.
IBegonia ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu amane:
- Izilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo ezinamahlumela aguquguqukayo.
- Amadlozi amafomu e-hybrid.
- Ngamahlumela afana nophahla.
- Ama-rhizomes aminyene, amahlumela okulala.
Ukubukeka nezici
Inokubukeka okuhle. Kulula ukunakekela. Zisetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa izakhiwo, njenge: izingadi, izindawo zokusebenza, izindlu. Kukhona zombili izimbali zesilisa nezinsikazi. Kwabesifazane, ibhokisi lembewu elingunxantathu lakhiwa ngaphezu kwamacembe. Amaqabunga ePerianth akhanyayo futhi awalingani.
Imithetho yokufika
Imvamisa, i-begonia yombuso ikhula njengesitshalo sendlu, ekhaya, noma ezindlini zokugcina izithombo. Uma isimo sezulu sisihle, khona-ke singabuye sitshalwe emhlabathini ovulekile. Ukutshala i-begonias emhlabathini, udinga ukwakha inhlanganisela yenhlabathi ngezinto ezithukuluzayo nezakha umzimba.
OKUBALULEKILE! Ukuze kulinywe enhlabathini, ukukhanya okuhle nokwanele kubalulekile. Izinhlobo ezihlanzekile zingcono ukutshala ezindaweni zokugcina izithombo. Ukuvimbela i-begonia ekulahlekelweni ubuhle bayo, idinga ukufakelwa kabusha njalo eminyakeni emibili.
Futhi nakuwebhusayithi yethu kulokhu okubhaliwe uzothola imininingwane ngokutshala i-begonia ehlala njalo yezimbali nokunakekela isitshalo ekhaya.
Ukukhanyisa nendawo
Uncamela indawo ekhanyayo. Ngenxa yobukhona bemibala ekhanyayo, idinga inani elifanele lokukhanyisa. Ngokukhanya okunganele, amaqabunga azolahlekelwa ukukhanya kwawo.
Ungavumeli ukushiswa yilanga ngqo, njengokukhanya okweqile isitshalo siyasha. Ehlobo, kuyadingeka ukufihla i-begonia elangeni, futhi ngenkathi yasebusika, kungcono ukuyibeka efasiteleni uma ibheke eningizimu. Umthunzi oyingxenye yindawo engcono kakhulu yesitshalo.
Izidingo zenhlabathi
I-Imperial begonia ithanda inhlabathi ene-asidi ejwayelekile. Umhlabathi onomsoco uqukethe i-humus, inhlabathi yasendulo, enomsoco enokuhlanganiswa kwenhlabathi nesihlabathi. Ngokutshala kabusha isitshalo, inhlanganisela iyakhiwa, engathengwa noma yenziwe ekhaya uwedwa.
Ukuze udale le ngxube, udinga ukuthatha isihlabathi somfula kanye nenani elifanayo lomhlaba wasendulo, i-leaf humus, i-peat, kanye nezingcezu zikaphayini namagxolo e-vermiculite. Lokhu kuqanjwa kwandisa ukungena komoya emhlabathini.
Amathiphu Okunakekela Imbali
Ukukhula okujwayelekile kanye nokuthuthuka kwe-begonia yombuso, kuyadingeka ukugcina izinga lokushisa lika-13 - 22 degrees Celsius. Uthanda umoya ohlanzekile, kepha kufanele uvikelwe kokungakapheli. Ebusika, kufanele ulandele isikhathi phakathi kokunisela.
Izimpande zingafa, zombili kusukela kunani elikhulu lomswakama, futhi ngenxa yokushoda kwayo. Lapho ubuso bomhlaba bome ngokuphelele, kulapho-ke lapho kufanele i-begonia iniselwe. Ibhodwe kufanele libekwe emgodini omanzi. Lokhu kwenziwa ukuze wakhe umswakama ophelele. Umswakama owedlulele uholela ekubola kwesitshalo. Umswakama kufanele ugcine okungenani amaphesenti angama-60.
OKUBALULEKILE! Esikhathini sasebusika, lesi sitshalo kufanele sibe kude nefasitela, ngaphandle kwalokho i-begonia izohlupheka kakhulu. Ehlobo, isitshalo kufanele sishalwe. Awukwazi ukungena emaqabungeni.
IBegonia idume ngokuhlukahluka kwayo kwezinhlobo zayo. Silungiselele izindatshana eziningi ezinezincazelo eziningiliziwe nezincomo zokutshala nokunakekela ezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo, njengeBolivian, Naked, Diadem, Sizolistny, Metallic, Collar, Mason, Hogweed, Bauer, Griffith.
Izifo ezivamile nezinambuzane
Izifo ze-Begonia zifaka izifo ezahlukahlukene. Izitshalo ezibuthakathaka zivame ukugula... Izifo zayo zibandakanya izifo ezimbili eziyinhloko: ukubola okumpunga kanye ne-powdery isikhutha. Kukhona nezifo eziningi ezinjengebacterial and ring spot.
Awukwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kwezinambuzane, isibonelo: isinambuzane esithambile, i-nematode yamaqabunga, i-greenhouse aphid, i-rootworm nematode, i-greenhouse whitefly, i-greenhouse trypsis.
Ukubola okumpunga
Ekuqaleni, isitshalo siphazanyiswa izindawo ezibolile zombala onsundu. Amabala aqala ukukhula abulale isitshalo ngenxa yomswakama owandayo. Izizathu ezimbalwa ezilandelayo zingasenza sibe sibi lesi simo: ukufafaza njalo, ukondla ngokweqile noma ukuminyana kwamanzi enhlabathini. Imbangela yalesi sifo isikhunta, okuthi noma ngabe sekushone i-begonia siphile isikhathi eside.... Kushukunyiswa umoya noma amanzi.
Uma lesi sifo sesidlulele kakhulu, umphumela omuhle kakhulu ukucekela phansi isitshalo, ngoba siba umthombo wokutheleleka kwabanye. Lesi sifo asiholeli ekufeni njalo. Esigabeni sokuqala sesifo, isitshalo sisengasindiswa. I-fungicic systemic izosiza ngalokhu.
Isikhunta se-Powdery
Lesi sitshalo simbozwe ngamabala amhlophe. I-Begonia ibola. Isikhunta sihamba emoyeni. Kuvela kumswakama noma ekushiseni okuphezulu.
Ukugwema ukufa, kubalulekile ukufeza lezi zidingo ezilandelayo: ungasondli isitshalo ngenani elikhulu likamanyolo, usiphathe nge-fungicide.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
I-Imonia i-begonia ingasatshalaliswa kokubili ngokusika nangosizo lwembewu, ezinye izingxenye zamaqabunga, noma ngokuhlukanisa izimpande.
Siphakamisa futhi ukuthi uzijwayeze ngezici zokuzalisa ze-begonia ehlala njalo izimbali ngento ehlukile.
Izithelo
Ukuqala kubalulekile ukuthi ama-cuttings agxile, ngoba lokhu udinga ukuwafaka emanzini bese ulinda ukuthi izimpande zivele. Ngemuva kwalokho, usungakwazi ukutshala enhlabathini.
Futhi, izimpande zizokhula futhi zikhule ngokushesha emhlabathini ojwayelekile ngokwengezwa kwezikhuthazi. Kuyadingeka ukumboza ibhodwe ngesitshalo ngefilimu ukudala umphumela wokushisa. Kuzoba ngcono ukufudumeza inhlabathi ngaphambi kwalokhu.
Usebenzisa izingxenye zamaqabunga
Le yindlela enhle yokuzalanisa i-begonia yamakhosi. Kwalokhu udinga ukubeka amaqabunga engilazini bese uwahlukanisa abe onxantathu ngommese.
Bese ubeka phansi bese umboza ngefilimu, ngemuva kokucindezela amaqabunga ngokuqinile. Nsuku zonke kumele kungene umoya. Amahlumela azobheka cishe inyanga. Ngokufakelwa kabusha, kudingeka ulinde amahlumela ukuze aqine futhi atshale ngokucophelela ukukhula okuzimele nokukhula.
OKUBALULEKILE! Lapho uhlukanisa iqabunga, umthambo kufanele ubekwe ekugcineni kweqabunga.
Izimpande
Enye indlela yokuzala ama-begonia. Kuyadingeka ukuthi uhlukanise ngokucophelela uhlelo lwempande lube izingxenye eziningana. futhi utshale enhlabathini enhle evundile. Kukhona i-substrate ekhethekile yezimbali zasendlini ezithengiswayo, uma ufisa, ungazilungiselela ngokwakho. Kuyadingeka ukuthambisa inhlabathi ngokulinganayo phakathi nesikhathi, ukugwema ukugcwala. Ukuze amahlumela aqhamuke, kufanele ulinde kancane.
I-Imperial begonia ayihloniphi kukho konke futhi ayidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Kwezokulima, sekusabalele kakhulu, cishe izinhlobo eziyi-125. Okwamanje, kunezinombolo eziningi zezinhlobonhlobo nobukhulu be-begonias. Izinhlobo ezavezwa eBelgium zithandwa kakhulu. Ngo-1920, i-asteroid yaqanjwa ngegama le-begonia.