Ungayikhulisa kanjani i-orchid ephephuli: imithetho yokunakekelwa nezinkinga ezingaba khona

Namuhla, ama-orchid amaningi athengiswa esitolo ayinzalo. Lokho wukuthi, abalimi basebenze kulezi zinhlobo zezitshalo, futhi bazenza zingakhethi kakhulu ngezimo zemvelo.

Lokhu kuvumela ngisho nabaqalayo ukuba batshale ama-orchid. Izinhlobo ze-orchid ze-hybrid aziphansi neze kunezinhlobo zemvelo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, bayaphumelela ngezindlela eziningi. Uzothola ukuthi lobu buhle obumangazayo obububende buvele kanjani endabeni yethu.

Igama lesitshalo kanye nencazelo

QAPHELA: I-Felenopsis ingenye yezinhlobo ze-orchid ezithandwa kakhulu. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo, lolu hlobo alunasizotha. I-Felenopsis iyakwazi ukumelana nezinguquko zokushisa okungazelelwe (kusuka ku- + 12 kuya ku- + 40), ayinaso isikhathi sokuphumula esishiwoyo, futhi azidingi ukuniselwa isikhathi esingu-1 ngesonto.

Le mbali ine-peduncle eqinile, emise okungajwayelekile egoba ezinhlangothini ezihlukile ngenkathi ikhiqiza inani elincane lezimbali. Lolu hlobo lwe-orchid lunephunga elibucayi nelimnandi. I-Felenopsis ikhula ize ifike ku-6 cm, amacembe ayindilinga. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza singahlala unyaka wonke, kepha umsebenzi omkhulu kunawo wonke ubonwa entwasahlobo-ekwindla.

Izinhlobo ezidumile nezithombe zazo

Wanda

Omunye wabamele abahle kakhulu bama-orchid... Inezici zayo kokuqukethwe. Ngokwemvelo, le mbali ikhona enezimpande ezivuleke ngokuphelele, ngakho-ke ekhaya lezi zimo kufanele zigcinwe. Lolu hlobo lwe-orchid aludingi inhlabathi noma i-substrate, ngakho-ke kusetshenziswa obhasikidi be-wicker noma ama-vases engilazi ukuyigcina.

I-Dendrobium

Inezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-1500. I-Dendrobium phalaenopsis ne-dendrobium nobile (noma ihloniphekile) zivame ukutholakala ezitolo zezimbali. Zifana kakhulu ngokubukeka futhi zombili zinombala onsomi.

Izinkomo

Le orchid enezimbali ezinkulu ezinamakha amahle inokubukeka okuhle kakhulu.... Yize kunenani elikhulu lezinhlobonhlobo zama-hybrid, iCattleya ayinankinga impela ekunakekelweni, ngakho-ke kungcono kubaqalayo ukuthi bakhethe ezinye izinhlobo zama-orchid. Umbala walezi zinhlobo uyahluka ngokubomvu okukhanyayo kuya koku nsomi okumnyama futhi cishe akufani neze (sikhulume ngokuningiliziwe ngama-orchid anezimbali ezibomvu lapha).

Umlando wokuzala

Isinyathelo sokuqala esibalulekile sokuzalisa iPhelenopsis enezimbali ezinkulu sathathwa ngo-1920 nguDkt. Jean Gratiot waseFrance, ngesikhathi ebhalisa uPhal. UGilles Gratiot. Le hybrid yayinombala ominyene ngokweqile. Isinyathelo esikhulu esilandelayo ukudalwa kwe-Phal ngo-1927. I-Elisabethae, ehlanganisa ukuthungwa okuminyene, osayizi abakhulu kanye nokubukeka kwembali yobuhle.

Ukunakekela

Ithempelesha

Izinga lokushisa elifanele kakhulu le-felenopsis emini lingama-20-24 degrees, nama-15-18 degrees ebusuku... Uma kungenakwenzeka ukuhlinzeka ngombuso wokushisa okunjalo ekhaya, kuselulekwa ukuthi ubone umehluko phakathi kwamazinga okushisa emini nasebusuku okungenani ngama-degree ambalwa. Igumbi kufanele lingene umoya kahle, ngenkathi kugwenywa okusalungiswa namafasitela abandayo.

Umswakama

UFelenopsis ukhululekile ngomswakama we-50-70%. Lokhu kufinyeleleka impela nasebusika ngokusebenza okuphakathi kokushisa.

Ukukhanyisa

Zingakhula zombili ngokukhanya okukhanyayo nangomthunzi omncane. Kungcono ukubeka imbali emafasiteleni asempumalanga. Gwema ilanga eliqondile.

Ukunisela

Lesi sitshalo asidingi ukuchelela okuningi kaningi.... Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanzi amile angaholela ekufeni kwezitshalo. Ngaphambi kokuchelela, qiniseka ukuthi i-substrate yomiswe kahle kusuka ekuniseleni kwangaphambilini. Kungcono ukutshala i-orchid ebhodweni elibonakalayo, uma amaconsi abonakala ezindongeni zawo, kufanele ulinde kancane ngokunisela. Ungakwahlulela futhi nomswakama we-substrate ngesisindo sebhodwe, uma ibhodwe likhanya kakhulu, ungayinisela.

Ukunisela, sebenzisa amanzi ahleliwe noma abilisiwe, anezinga lokushisa lama-30-35 degrees. Ebusika, inani lokunisela kufanele linciphiswe.

Buka ividiyo mayelana nokunisela kahle i-orchid ebubende:

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Ngokuvamile, i-orchid ayidingi ukukhulelwa, ngoba isitshalo sithola zonke izakhi zomsoco kusuka kumswakama nomoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukondla kungalimaza imbali, izimbali zingama, futhi amaqabunga abe buthuntu. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ama-orchid athengiswa esitolo asevele athola umthamo odingekayo womanyolo... Ngakho-ke, ukondla akufanele kwenziwe phakathi neminyaka emibili yokuqala.

Dlulisa

I-orchid idinga ukufakelwa kabusha uma isiphelile ibhodwe layo. Uma kubonakala ukuthi ibhodwe ligcwele ngokuphelele izimpande ezisusa i-substrate, khona-ke imbali kufanele itshalwe ebhodweni elikhudlwana.

Futhi, ukufakelwa kuzodingeka uma kwenzeka umonakalo ohlelweni lwempande, olubangelwa ukunakekelwa okungafanele kwama-orchid. Uma ukuchelela kunganele, izimpande ziqala ukoma futhi zife.... Futhi ngenxa yokunisela kakhulu namanzi amile ebhodweni, ukubola kohlelo lwempande kuyaqala:

1. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ususe isitshalo ebhodweni, ususe inhlabathi endala, ugeze izimpande ngamanzi afudumele.
2. Sika izimpande ezomile nezibolile ngesikele.
3. Ngemuva kokuthena, ungaphatha izimpande ngamalahle achotshoziwe noma isinqandakuvunda.

Okulandelayo inqubo yokuhambisa imbali:

1. Gcwalisa kancane isitsha sokufakelwa nge-substrate entsha.
2. Beka ngobumnene izimpande bese ufafaza i-substrate ngaphakathi nangaphandle, cindezela ngobumnene izimpande ze-felenopsis, bese uthele inhlabathi entsha.
3. Izimpande zasemoyeni (lezo ezikhula ngaphezu kobuso bebhodwe) kufanele zishiywe zivulekile.
4. Amaqabunga nendawo yokukhula akufanele zimbozwe.

Buka ividiyo mayelana nokufakelwa kwe-orchid:

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

Ukukhiqiza kabusha ama-orchid ansomi, kufanele ube namakhono athile., ukubekezela nesikhathi. Imvamisa, kusetshenziswa izindlela ezilandelayo:

Ngeso

1. Kuyadingeka ukuthola amaqabunga aleleyo ku-peduncle, okuvame ukutholakala esisekelweni noma maphakathi ne-peduncle.
2. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukufeza ukuvuka kwezinso, kulokhu, igumbi kufanele linikezwe izinga lokushisa lama-22-29 degrees.
3. Yenza ukusika okulingana nensimbi ezansi kwesikali ngensingo. Ngemuva kwalokho, susa ngokucophelela izikali ezifakiwe ngezimpintshi. Ngaphansi kwayo kuzoba nezinso ezingasebenzi, okumele ziphathwe ngesilawuli sokukhula, kuthengiswa ezitolo ezikhethekile.
4. Ngemuva kwenyanga kulesi sitshalo ungathola izingane ezincane ezinamaqabunga amabili noma amathathu. Futhi ezinyangeni ezintathu kamuva, izimpande zizovela.
5. Ngemuva kokuthi izimpande zembali encane ziqine futhi zikhule zifike ku-2 cm, kufanele zisikwe ngengxenye ye-orchid endala.
6. Ngemuva kwalokho, tshala isitshalo esilungisiwe embizeni ebonakalayo.

   ICEBISO: Ukukhula kwamaqabunga ngokushesha nokuqinisa izimpande, amahlumela kufanele asuswe kuma-orchid amancane.

Ngembali

Le ndlela yokukhiqiza yenziwa kusetshenziswa i-peduncle enqunyiwe. Ingxenye esikiwe yembali kufanele ibekwe esitsheni ngamanzi ahlanziwe noma isixazululo esibuthakathaka kakhulu sikamanyolo wezimbiwa.

Kulokhu, i-peduncle kufanele icwiliswe kuketshezi kungabi ngaphezu kwamasentimitha ayi-6. Ngemuva kwalokho, inqubo yokuvusa izinso ezilele, ezichazwe ngendlela eyedlule, yenziwa.

Buka ividiyo mayelana nokusakazeka kwe-orchid nge-peduncle:

Izifo zezimbali

• Ukugula ngenxa yokukhanyisa okungafanele... Phakathi kwezinhlobo ze-orchid ezinsomi, kunezinhlobo ezithanda ukukhanya, kanye nalezo ezingakhula emthunzini. Ngenxa yokushoda kokukhanya, amaqabunga ezimbali ezithanda ukukhanya azokhula kancane, abe yisiqhwaga, kanti amahlumela azoba namandla aphansi.
• Izifo ngenxa yokuchelela okungafanele... Ukugwema ukubola kwezimpande, ungagcini i-orchid. Izinhlobo ze-orchid ezidinga umswakama ophezulu zithanda umoya omanzi kunokuchelela ngokweqile.

Futhi, imbali ingahlushwa izifo eziningana zefungal. Njengomthetho, lokhu kubangelwa ukunakekelwa okungafanele nezimo ezingafanele zokuboshwa.

Okuvame ukutholakala kuma-orchid:

• Indawo yamaqabunga ebacteria... Kubonakala ngokubonakala kwamabala aqhakazile emaqabunga, ngemuva kokuvela kwawo, amahlamvu aqala ukuba mnyama futhi ambozwe izilonda, lapho uketshezi lungavela khona.
• Isikhunta se-Powdery... Izimpawu zalesi sifo ukubonakala kokuqhakaza okumhlophe emaqabungeni nasezifubeni. Izindawo ezilimele ziqala ukoma, okungaholela ekufeni kwembali. Imvamisa, imbangela yalesi sifo umswakama ophezulu kanye nokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu ekamelweni.
• Bola... Kubonakala njengokutheleleka kwe-orchid ngesikhunta namagciwane. Ukubola kwezimpande namaqabunga kuqala. Ukubola kubuye kubangelwe ukuchelela ngokweqile kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu emoyeni.

Izinambuzane nezinambuzane

Njengazo zonke izimbali zasendlini, ama-orchid asengozini yokuhlaselwa izimuncagazi. Uma ungaqali ukulwa nabo ngesikhathi, isitshalo singafa.

Cabanga ngabo:

• Isihlangu - isinambuzane esincibilikayo ubukhulu baso bungu mm kuphela. Ungathola lesi sinambuzane ku-pseudobulb noma kumakhasi. Ama-parasites ahlala emakoloni aphelele futhi ancela ubisi esitshalweni. Uma amaqabunga e-orchid embozwe ukuqhakaza okumanzi amnyama, khona-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi utwayi luyawuhlasela.
• Scratch - ukuvela kwalesi sifo kufakazelwa izigaxa ezimhlophe ezinesiqu eziquwini. Isibungu singaholela ekuphuzi nasekuweni kwamaqabunga, futhi kwesinye isikhathi kube sekufeni okuphelele kwesitshalo.
• I-Whitefly Ingabe uvemvane oludla ujusi we-orchid. Lokhu kuholela ekushintsheni kombala ojwayelekile wamaqabunga, imbali iba buthakathaka. Ungayithola impukane emhlophe ngokubhekisisa imbali.

Isiphetho

Izitshalo zasendlini zincike ngokuphelele kubaninizo. Ubani onquma ukuthi uzonisela nini izimbali, uzofakela nini futhi ubeke kuphi. Kepha zonke lezi zenzo kufanele zenziwe ngamabomu, ngokuya ngezidingo zesitshalo esikhathini esithile. Ngempela, kumuntu, ushintsho ekushiseni kwe-1 degree cishe alutholakali, kepha esitshalweni kungukucindezeleka okuqinile.