Ukuhlobisa kwe-cactus prickly pear. Incazelo kanye nezici zokunakekelwa, isithombe sesitshalo

Amapheya we-prickly ahlobisayo abukeka emuhle ngokwakhiwa namanye ama-cacti kanye nama-succulents. Kubhekwa njengembali eqinile futhi emelana nesomiso. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalezi zinhlobonhlobo umbala omhlophe njengeqhwa we-glochidia nosayizi omncane wamasegmenti (amasentimitha ayi-3-5 ubude, amasentimitha angu-2-4 ububanzi), ngakho-ke, usayizi omncane wesihlahla esiphakathi kwe-prickly. Kulesi sihloko, sizobhekisisa ukuthi singahlukanisa kanjani nezinye izinhlobo zamapheya ahlabayo, ukuthi ungasinakekela kanjani isitshalo ekhaya, futhi ufunde ngezindlela zokuzalanisa futhi ubuke isithombe sekhanda eliyinwele elinezinwele ezinhle.

Incazelo ye-Botanical kanye ne-geography yendawo yokuhlala

I-Prickly pear, Igama lesayensi i-Opuntia microdasis (i-Opuntia microdasys) lingelomndeni we-cactus... I-Succulent ibizwa nangokuthi i-pear-inal prickly pear ngenxa yesici sokumboza ama-lobes - izingxenye. Uhlobo lukhulu, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-150.

Okubalulekile! Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zikhula kahle ezimweni zokuhlala.

Izwe lakubo lokukhula yiMexico, iMelika, isiqhingi saseGalapagos. Izinhlobo zande kakhulu eningizimu yeRussia. Izitshalo ezinoshukela zikhula ngokwemvelo emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo, ezingwadule, ezigodini. Lesi sitshalo satholwa ngekhulu le-19 ngu-Lehmann. Lezi zinhlobonhlobo zingezomdolofiya omaphakathi naphakathi. Ikhula ngesihlahla. Isiqu sinamagatsha amakhulu, sikhula size sifike ku-50 cm ukuphakama. Ezihlokweni ezikuma-axils, amahlumela atholakala kakhulu - ama-areole. Ama-areole amhlophe ane-glochidia encane, ngombala osagolide ngombala.

Izinqubo - izingxenye ziyindilinga, zinde. Ubungako bezinqubo buphakathi - kuze kufike ku-5 - 7 cm ubude, luhlaza okomnyama ngombala. Izimbali ziphuzi ngombala wegolide. I-stamens incane, i-filiform. Izimbali zenzeka ehlobo. Izithelo zimi ngendlela ebomvu berry (funda kabanzi ngezithelo ze-cactus kule nto).

Sikhulume ngomehluko phakathi kwepharele elihlabayo ne-agave lapha.

Isithombe

Uzobona isithombe sesitshalo:

Izimo zokunakekelwa nokunakekelwa kokukhula kwekhaya

Ukukhanyisa

Ngesikhathi sokukhula okusebenzayo, lokhu kuhlukahluka kwe-cactus kuthanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kepha ukuvezwa ngqo elangeni kufanele kugwenywe. Ekushiseni kwehlobo, ukufiphazwa okukhanyayo kwamafasitela kuyadingeka. Ebusika, imbali ibuye isebenzise ukukhanya okuningi. Ukukhanya okungeziwe kuyadingeka amahora ama-2 - 3 ngosuku.

Ukunisela

Nisela isitshalo kancane, njengawo wonke ama-succulent. Njengoba isiqu sikhula, amanani ayanda. Entwasahlobo nasehlobo, amanzi kufanele enziwe kanye ngesonto. Ekwindla ukunisela kuncishiswe kube yisikhathi esisodwa ezinsukwini eziyi-10-14. Ebusika, ukuchelela kuyeka. Izinhlobonhlobo azidingi ukufafazwa okungeziwe.

Ukunakwa! Kushawa eshaweni efudumele ukususa uthuli emaqabungeni. Ngemuva kwenqubo, isitshalo sihlelwa kabusha endaweni enomthunzi size some ngokuphelele.

Kunconywa ukusebenzisa kuphela amanzi ahlanziwe ukuchelelai-acidified ngama-granules amaningi e-citric acid. Kunconywa ukuthi uthele amanzi esampeni lapho unisela ukuze ungahlanganisi i-substrate.

Ithempelesha

Ukushisa kokuqukethwe ehlobo kufika ku-20 - 27 ° C. Entwasahlobo, imbali yenza kahle ekamelweni lokushisa. Izinga lokushisa lomoya elikhulu ebusika lingu-6 - 10 ° C.

Ukuncoma

I-substrate kufanele ibe nomsoco ngokulinganisela, ikhululeke, i-acidified, ilula. Ungathenga ingxube eyenziwe ngomumo ye-cacti. Ekhaya, ungazilungiselela i-substrate ngokwakho.

Ukwakheka kwenhlabathi:

• Umhlaba weSod - ihora elilodwa
• Umhlabathi onamaqabunga - 2 tsp
• Ubumba -1 tsp
• Isihlabathi-1 tsp
• Peat - 1 tsp
• Amalahle - 1 tsp
• I-Humus - 1 tsp

Imbiza

Ukuze kukhule kahle, amapheya ahlabayo kufanele atshalwe ezitsheni ezibanzi, ezibanzi. Izimbobo zokuhambisa amanzi ziyadingeka ezansi.

Okubalulekile! Ukuze uzinze ebhodweni, ungqimba wokuhambisa amanzi kufanele ubekwe phansi, u-5 - 6 cm.

Kungcono ukusebenzisa izimbiza ze-ceramic. I-Ceramic igcina ukushisa kahle, ivimbela izimpande kusuka ku-hypothermia nokushisa ngokweqile.

Ukuthena

Lapho utshala kabusha, kuthenwa kuyadingeka:

1. Amahlumela omile ayanqunywa.
2. Izingxenye ezikhubazekile zesiqu, amaqabunga ahlaselwe izifo anqunywa.
3. Impande isuswa ngamahlumela amadala, omile futhi abolile.
4. Ukusikeka kufafazwa ngamalahle achotshoziwe.
5. Amahlumela akhule kakhulu aphula ukuma komqhele kufanele anqunywe.
6. Izingcezu ezisikiwe ezisencane zisetshenziselwa ukuxhunyelelwa.

Incike, amagatsha amade kufanele aboshwe ukuze akhe isihlahla esihle.

Dlulisa

Lesi sitshalo sitshalwe kabusha ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2 - 3. Ukufakelwa kabusha kwenziwa entwasahlobo. Inqubo ilula, kuyadingeka ukulungisa ingxube yenhlabathi kusengaphambili bese ubulala amagciwane esitsheni sokutshala.

Uhlelo lokufakelwa kabusha:

1. Lesi sitshalo sikhishwa ngokucophelela ebhodweni elidala.
2. Izimpande zisuswa enhlabathini endala.
3. Ukuthenwa kwenhlanzeko kwesihlahla sonke kwenziwa.
4. Ibhodwe liphathwa ngamagciwane futhi liyomiswa.
5. I-substrate eqediwe yomisiwe.
6. Ngezansi kwebhodwe kunezicucu zobumba olunwetshiwe, ama-shards obumba.
7. Ingxube ithululelwa, i-substrate ayihlanganisiwe.
8. Imbali iyajula ngasekhola yezimpande.
9. Izimbiza zifakwa endaweni enamalambu ahlukene.

Ngesonto emva kokutshala, okuqukethwe okomile kwesithombo kufanele kubhekwe.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Izinhlobonhlobo azidingi ukudla okuvamile. Entwasahlobo - isikhathi sehlobo, kufakwa umanyolo wezimbiwa eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokunisela kanye ngenyanga.

Funda kabanzi ngokunakekela i-cacti kule ndaba, mayelana nezinhlobo ze-cacti kanye nezinzuzo nezingozi zazo lapho ukhula efulethini, thola lapha.

Ukugcinwa kwasebusika

Ebusika, imbali idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile. Umanyolo nokunisela kuyaphela - isitshalo singena esigabeni sokuphumula.

Ukunakwa! Ebusika, gcina isitshalo sipholile.

Izici zokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile

Ezimweni eziseningizimu nezishubile, lesi sitshalo singatshalwa emhlabathini ovulekile.

Abakwa-Florists batusa ukubeka le mbali endaweni ekhanyiswe kahle, kepha kuvaliwe kusuka kokungakapheli. Ukudonsa amanzi kuyadingeka.

Kufanele itshalwe eziqongweni zemibhede yezimbali enezitezi eziningi namasilayidi ukuze amanzi anganqwabeli enhlabathini. Imbali iyafa ngokumanzisa ngokweqile.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

Imbewu

Ukuhlwanyela imbewu kwenziwa maphakathi no-Mashi. Okokuqala, imbewu kufanele isulwe nge-sandpaper ngenxa yegobolondo layo eliminyene. Imbewu ifakwa kusixazululo esibuthakathaka sama-manganese amahora amabili - 3.

Ukwakheka kwe-substrate: isihlabathi, i-carbon eyenziwe yasebenza, ishidi lomhlaba, ngesilinganiso esingu-2: 1: 2. Ngaphambi kokuhlwanyela, i-substrate ibalwa kuhhavini.

Iphethini yokuhlwanyela:

1. Iziqukathi ezincane, ezibanzi zigcwele ungqimba lokuhambisa amanzi ne-substrate elungiselelwe.
2. Imbewu isatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo phezu kwenhlabathi.
3. Imbewu ingcwatshwa ngo-1 kuya ku-2 cm.
4. Ukuhlwanyela kuswakanyisiwe.
5. Iziqukathi zimbozwe ucwecwe.
6. Ukuphefumula kwansuku zonke kwe-greenhouse kuyadingeka.
7. I-substrate ifafazwa ngamanzi njengoba isoma.
8. Izithombo zigcinwa ku-greenhouse amasonto amathathu kuye kwayi-4.
9. Amahlumela anamaqabunga ama-2 - 3 afakwa ezimbizeni ezincane ukuze zikhule.

Amahlumela amancane akhula iminyaka emibili. Lokhu kulandelwa ukufakelwa ezimbizeni ezihlala njalo.

Izithelo

Ama-cuttings enziwa ikakhulukazi entwasahlobo.

Okubalulekile! Kukhiqizwa isiqu esincane esinempilo ngaphandle kwezimbali.

Ama-cuttings afafazwa ngaphambili ngamalahle, omiswe endaweni emile izinsuku ezi-5 - 8 kuze kube yilapho kwenziwa ifilimu elicinene ezindaweni zokusika.

Inqubo yezithombo ezikhulayo:

1. I-substrate iswakanyiswe kancane.
2. Ama-cuttings asethwe ngokujule esitsheni.
3. Izithombo zimbozwe ngocwecwe.
4. Iziqukathi zifakwe endaweni ekhanyayo.
5. Ukushisa komoya kokuqothula - okungenani ama-20 ° C.
6. Ukhula lwenkohlakalo egcwele kwenzeka ngokushesha, ngemuva kwamaviki angu-2-3.
7. Amahlumela amasha afakwa ezitsheni ezihlukile.

Ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nokukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-cacti lapha.

Ukuqhakaza

Ama-pear prickly aqhakaza maphakathi nehlobo. Ama-Blooms maningi, kwakheka izimbali ezifika ku-10 ngenqubo eyodwa. Izimbali ngokwazo ziphuzi ngombala kalamula, ubukhulu bezimbali bufinyelela ku-4 - 5 cm.Isikhathi sokuqhakaza sincike ezimweni zokuboshwa, kusuka kusonto elilodwa kuya kwelesithathu. Ekhaya, kunzima ukufeza ukuqhakaza, isitshalo sidinga izimo zokushisa.

Ukuvuthwa kwamaqabunga, imbali idinga umoya ohlanzekile, ibhodwe elibanzi, elinamandla, ukukhanya okwanele, okuqukethwe okomile kwesitshalo ebusika, ukondla okunomkhawulo, indawo engapheli, ngaphandle kokunyakaza. Izimbali ngemuva kokuqhakaza zisuswa kuphela lapho amacembe esomile ngokuphelele.

Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuqhakaza kwe-cacti lapha.

Kafushane ngezifo nezinambuzane

• Ukukhula kubambezelekile ngokungabi khona kokukhanya, amaqabunga akhubazekile.
• Ukushisa komoya okwenyuka ngesikhathi sokulala kuyeka ukuqhakaza, iziqu ziyelula.
• Ukusuka kuswakeme kwenhlabathi, okusalungiswa nokubanda, i-substrate imuncu, amaqabunga omile, awe.
• Ukutheleleka kwamafungal kuyingozi kakhulu kule mbali. Isiqu siba nsundu, isihlahla sonke sigcwele isikhunta. Isizathu umswakama ophezulu. Lesi sitshalo sikhishwe. Ukwelashwa kwezimbali ezinempilo kanye ne-substrate nge-fungicide kuyadingeka ukuvimbela.
• Ukufakelwa kwezitshalo okuphuthumayo kuzosiza ekulweni nezimpande zematode. Izimpande ezithintekile ziyasikwa, impande icwiliswa emanzini ashisayo imizuzu engu-5 - 10. I-substrate nebhodwe ziyinzalo.
• Ukwelashwa ngesikhathi esifanele kwesitshalo nomhlabathi nganoma imuphi umuthi wokubulala izinambuzane kuzosiza ekulweni nezinambuzane, ama-aphid, izicabucabu nezinye izinambuzane.

Ungathola ngezifo nezinambuzane ze-cacti kulezi zinto.

Izitshalo ezifanayo

1. U-Opuntia Sheri inamacandelo aluhlaza ayindilinga afanayo nakwipheya elinezinwele ezincane. Izimbali ziphuzi ngokukhanyayo.
2. Ipheya elinezinwele ezimhlophe iqhakaza ngezimbali ezinkulu eziphuzi. Izingxenye zimbozwe kakhulu ngama-bristles ne-glochidia.
3. Ipheya elinezintambo ezinde. Isiqu futhi siqukethe ama-lobes amancane aluhlaza ambozwe izinaliti eziminyene, ezimfishane, ezincane.
4. Izinhlobonhlobo ze-Alba - uhlobo lwepheya elinezinwele ezincane, likhula esihlahleni esihlangene. Izinaliti ezimfushane zitshalwe ngobuso bonke ebusweni besitshalo.
5. Ipheya elibabayo elisesibabule eliphuzi futhi inama-lobes amancane embozwe ngemigogodla yokukhanya eminyene (funda ngokuthi ungagwazwa kanjani yi-cactus nokuthi kufanele wenzeni uma lokhu kwenzeka, funda lapha). Lesi sitshalo sincane, sifinyelela ku-40 cm ukuphakama.

Ngaphandle kokuthi ipheya eliyimbali liyimbali yasogwadule, lidinga isimo sokucophelela nesokunaka. Ukukhanya okumnene, ukuthambisa ngokulingene, ukondla ngokucophelela kuyizimo ezidingekayo zokukhula nokuthuthuka kwembali.

Bukela ividiyo: Prickly Pear Cactus Fruit - How to Pick, How to Clean, How to Eat (May 2024).