I-Quirky "Indoda endala yasePeru" - Konke Mayelana nokukhula kwe-Espooa

I-Espostoa ivelele emndenini wonke ngenxa "yengubo" yayo emfushane, ewugqinsi. Ngobujamo bayo obuyinqaba, imbali izohlobisa noma yiliphi ikhaya, izoba ukwengeza okungajwayelekile kokuhlobisa futhi izothokozisa izakhamuzi nezivakashi zendlu iminyaka eminingi. Kulesi sihloko, sizofunda ngomlando we-cacti ovela kuhlobo lwe-Espostoa, ngezinhlobo nezinhlobo ezithandwayo, ngemithetho yokunakekelwa kwe-cacti, izici zokutshala, izici zokukhula nokuzalanisa embhedeni wezimbali, ukukhiqiza kabusha, kanye nokuqonda kokuqhakaza kwezimbali, izinhlobo ezifanayo zesiphuzo kanye nezinambuzane ezivame kakhulu izinkinga.

Incazelo ye-Botanical

I-Espostoa (i-espostoa) ingeyezinhlobo eziningi zama-succulents emndenini we-cactus... Igama lesiLatini le-cactus Espostoa I-cactus iphethe isidlaliso esihlekisayo esithi "fluffy" noma "Indoda endala yasePeru" ngesembozo sayo esimpunga. Ezinye izazi zezitshalo zibheka u-Espostoy uhlobo lohlobo lweCleistocactus (funda ngoCraistocactus kaStrauss kule ndatshana). Izitshalo zingafana nesihlahla, i-columnar, noma i-shrub-like. Iziqu zingagatsha kancane noma ehlathini. Uhlobo luhlanganisa izinhlobo ezifika ku-15 zama-espostoas.

Okubalulekile! Ekhaya, abalimi bezimbali bakhula ikakhulukazi i-esposo enoboya. Lokhu kuhlukahluka kuvunyelaniswa kangcono nesimo sezulu sethu.

Umlando wokutholwa, i-geography yendawo yokuhlala kanye nokuvela kwe-cactus

Izincazelo zokuqala zohlobo lo zivela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Imbali iqanjwe ngoNicholas Esposto, isazi sezitshalo esivela ePeru, umqondisi wensimu yezitshalo eLima, inhloko-dolobha yasePeru. Indawo yokuzalwa ye-exotic yiNingizimu Afrika, i-Ecuador, izifunda ezisenyakatho nasenkabeni yePeru. Indawo yemvelo - indawo enamadwala, imithambeka emincane yezigodi zezintaba. Iziqu zinkulu, zinamakholomu, zingahlanganiswa kahle, zimiswe njenge-candelabra.

Ekhaya, i-cacti ayinamagatsha.

Ngokwemvelo, i-cactus ikhula ize ifike ku-4 - 7 m ukuphakama. Ububanzi bamahlumela abantu abadala bufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-15. Izimbambo ziphansi, zibuthuntu, ziqondile. Isibalo sezimbambo singama-20 - 30. Izinsika zikhula zisuka ezinkundleni, zikhule zifike ezingcezwini ezingama-30 - 40. Ameva mancane, aqonde, abude obungu-0.5 - 1 cm Umbala wameva ungaba ophuzi, obomvu, nampunga-mpunga. Izinsika eziphakathi nendawo ziminyene, ziqinile, zimnyama, zinde ngo-1 - 3 cm.Izinwele zoboya nazo ziyakhiwa ezinkundleni. Izimbali ezimise okwensimbi zivela ikakhulu endle.

I-pubescence eminyene ivimbela ukushisa nokushiswa yilanga kwesiqu. Izithelo zinamanzi, ngokwemvelo zibhekwa njengezidliwayo. Imbewu i-matte, imnyama, inesembozo esinyene - i-pubescence.

Izinhlobo nezinhlobo ezidumile

I-Espostoa lanata (woolly, lanata)

Ngokubukeka kwayo nokubukeka kwayo okuhlekisayo, le mbali ibizwa nge- "Old Peruvian", "cactus - old man." Uyehluka ekuhlobiseni. Isiqu emvelweni singakhula size sifike ku-3 - 5 m. Ekhaya, ikhula ibe yi-1 m kuphela... Isiqu samagatsha kuphela ezitshalweni ezivuthiwe. Izimbambo ziningi, kuze kufike ku-25 - 30 esiqwini. Isiqu sonke simbozwe yi-pubescence emhlophe eminyene, lapho ameva edabula khona. Izinsika zifushane, ziningi, ziphuzi ngombala ngethiphu ebomvu. Izimbali zimhlophe, zakhiwa nge-cephalia. Izinhlobonhlobo zinezinhlobo eziningi ze-hybrid.

IMelanostele (emise okwe-collon emnyama)

Amagama afanayo esitshalo nguPseudoespostoa melanostele, Pseudoespostoa melanostele. Iziqu zezitshalo ezivuthiwe zithatha umbala omnyama, omnyama. Iziqu zikhula zifike ku-2 m ukuphakama. Lezi ziqongqo ziboshwe ngokuqinile ngomfece omhlophe wezinwele ezinoboya. Izimbambo eziqondile, kuze kube yizicucu ezingama-25. Izinsipho eziningi, ezikhanyayo noma ezimnyama ngombala ophuzi ophuzi. Ubude bameva bungamasentimitha ama-2 - 4. Izimbali zimhlophe. Ngokwemvelo, zikhula ezindaweni eziwugwadule ezinamadwala (funda nge-cacti yasehlane lapha).

I-Ritteri (Ritter)

I-Ritter ingenye yezinhlobo ezinhle kakhulu ze-fluffy cacti, ezifuyiwe, i-hybrid ye-eposto enoboya (ungafunda kabanzi nge-fluffy cacti lapha). Kuvulwe kuma-60s wekhulu lama-20 ePeru. Isiqu siminyene, sifana nesihlahla, sikhula ngamamitha amane ukuphakama. Inamahlumela asemaceleni. Izimbambo ziphansi, kunemifantu eguqukayo. I-Areolae inezinwele ezimhlophe ezinhle ezifika ku-2 - 3 cm ubude. Imisipha mincane, imise okwenaliti, ingu-1 - 2 cm ubude. Umbala wameva ungaba ophuzi okhanyayo, kunezinhlobo ezingaphansi ezinameva ansundu ngokubomvu (akhona ama-cacti angenameva?). Izimbali zimhlophe, zikhulu, zifinyelela ku-5 cm ububanzi. Izimbali zikhula ngobude obungu-7 - 8 cm.

Unakekelwa kanjani ekhaya?

Ithempelesha

Izinga lokushisa lekamelo lilungile kusuka entwasahlobo kuye ekwindla... Ebusika, izinga lokushisa lokuqukethwe lingehliswa ngamadigri amaningana. Ehlobo, i-Espostoa engenamuntu ingamelana namazinga okushisa aze afike ku-25 - 30 ° C.

Okubalulekile! ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa ngaphansi kuka-8 ° С akwamukelekile.

Ukunisela

Isimo esibalulekile ukunisela okulinganiselwe unyaka wonke. Ekwindla nasebusika, ukuchelela kuyeka, ungamanzisa umhlabathi kanye ngenyanga. Ukunisela kwenziwa lapho ikhoma lobumba loma ngokuphelele. Lesi sitshalo asidingi ukufafazwa okwengeziwe.

Imbali ithanda umoya omusha, ehlobo, lapho kushisa, kufanele ukhiphe amabhodwe ukuvula i-verandas.

Ukukhanyisa

I-Espostoa idonsa ukukhanya okuningi unyaka wonke. Kufanele ukuhlelwa kwamabhodwe empumalanga nasentshonalanga... Kungcono ukufiphaza amafasitela aseningizimu emini ngesembozo esikhanyayo, ilanga elinolaka lingalimaza imbali. Ngemuva kokuphumula kwasebusika, imbali ijwayela ilanga kancane kancane.

Ukuncoma

I-substrate kufanele ibe lula, ivuleke, amanzi nomoya kungene. Ukudonsa amanzi kuyadingeka. Ama-chips emabula, ubumba olunwetshiwe, i-polystyrene echotshoziwe isetshenziswa njengamanzi.

Ukwakheka kwenhlanganisela yenhlabathi:

• Umhlabathi onamaqabunga - 1 tsp
• Isihlabathi - 1 tsp
• Umhlaba weSod - amahora amabili
• Izitini zezitini - 2 tsp
• Isendlalelo samanzi.

Ukuthena

Inqubo yenziwa kahle ngesikhathi sokufakelwa kabusha. Ukuthena kuyadingeka kuphela esitshalweni esidala.

Ukusika isikimu:

• Amahlumela anempilo anqunywa - sifanamsindvo ngokuxhunyelelwa.
• Iziqongo zezitshalo ezikhule kakhulu ziyanqunywa ukuze kutholakale ezinye izimpande zezitshalo ezisikiwe.
• Futhi, kufanele unqume izinqubo ezilimele ezitheleleke ngamagciwane we-pathogenic.
• Kudinga ukuthenwa kwezicucu zezimpande ezomile nezomile.

Okubalulekile! izindawo zokusikeka zomisiwe futhi zifakwe impuphu ngamalahle agayiwe noma nge-carbon eyenziwe yasebenza.

Ukugqoka okuphezulu

Umanyolo usetshenziswa kusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuSepthemba ngemithamo emincane ngokunisela. Uhlobo lokudla luyisikhathi esisodwa emasontweni ayi-3-4. Imvamisa imanyolo ekhethekile eyinkimbinkimbi isetshenziselwa ama-cacti nama-succulents. Entwasahlobo, imbali idinga umanyolo we-nitrogen. Ehlobo nasekwindla, kungcono ukondla i-substrate nge-potassium ne-phosphorus. Umanyolo wemvelo wokuhlushwa okuphansi ungasetshenziswa.

Kunconywa ukuthi kushintshwe umanyolo wamaminerali kanye nezinto eziphilayo.

Imbiza

Ibhodwe akufanele libe likhulu kakhulu futhi lijule. Lapho ufaka kabusha, sebenzisa ibhodwe elingu-2 cm ngobubanzi... Ibhodwe likhethiwe kucatshangelwa ivolumu yohlelo lwempande. Kungcono ukusebenzisa iziqukathi ze-ceramic ezingekho-glazed. Ubuso bangaphakathi obubi busiza ukuqinisa izinqubo zezimpande kangcono.

Kubalulekile ukuthi ibhodwe linezimbobo ezansi zokukhipha amanzi amaningi.

Dlulisa

Izimbali zitshalwa njalo ngonyaka. Izitshalo zabantu abadala zidinga ukufakelwa kabusha njalo eminyakeni emihlanulapho ibhodwe lincane, izimpande azilingani esitsheni.

Okubalulekile: ungqimba oluphezulu lwe-substrate kufanele luvuselelwe kanye njalo eminyakeni emithathu. Lapho ukufakelwa kabusha, ukulimala kobuqotho besistimu yezimpande kungamukeleki, lokhu kungaholela ekufeni kwesitshalo. Inqubo yenziwa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.

Uhlelo lokufakelwa kabusha:

1. Isendlalelo sokudonsa u-3-4 cm sithelwa phansi ebhodweni.
2. Umhlabathi wesihlahla sikamama ucwile.
3. Lesi sitshalo sisuswa kanye negabha lobumba.
4. Ukuhlanzeka nokuthenwa kwezimpande ezibolile nezomile kwenziwa.
5. Isihlahla sitshalwe kabusha ngendlela yokuhamba.
6. I-substrate entsha ithelwa ezikhaleni ezingenalutho zebhodlela.
7. Umhlabathi uhlanganiswe kancane ezinhlangothini, ulungisa isithombo.

Okubalulekile! Ukunisela kuyama izinsuku eziyi-3-4. Izimbiza zifakwe endaweni enethunzi isikhathi sonke sokuzivumelanisa nezimo.

Ubusika

Ebusika, lesi sitshalo silele. Hambisa izimbiza egumbini elipholile.

Izinga lokushisa elihle ebusika lingu-14-16 ° C. Ebusika, amahora amafushane emini adinga ukukhanyisa okwenziwe ngamalambu akhethekile amahora amaningi ngosuku. Ukutshala imbali ngale nkathi akunconyiwe.

Izici zokutshala emhlabathini ovulekile

I-Espostoa ayisona isitshalo esiqinile sasebusika. Imbali ayikubekezeleli ukwindla okubandayo kobusika nokubandayo kwesimo sezulu esipholile... Ehlobo, ungatshala noma umbe ezimbizeni embhedeni wezimbali onamatshe amaningi phakathi kwamatshe. Enkundleni evulekile ebusika, izimbali zidluliselwa efulethini. Umbethe, inqwaba yemvula, ukwehla kwamazinga okushisa nsuku zonke, amanzi enhlabathi aphikisiwe esitshalweni.

Ukukhiqiza kabusha

Izithelo

Indlela elula eyanele. Inqubo yenziwa entwasahlobo noma ehlobo.

Uhlelo lokusika:

1. Ukusikwa kwe-apical noma izinqubo eziseceleni ziyasikwa.
2. Izindawo zokusike zicutshungulwa ngamalahle.
3. Izinto zokutshala zomisiwe izinsuku ezimbili endaweni enomthunzi.
4. Ama-cuttings agxila engxenyeni ye-peat.
5. Ukushisa kokuqukethwe kungu-18 - 23 ° С.
6. Izicucu ezigxilile zifakwa ezimbizeni ezincane ezikhulayo.

Imbewu

Inqubo yokuhlwanyela ibhekisisa futhi yinde. Inqubo yenziwa entwasahlobo. Imbewu ihlwanyelwa enhlanganisweni yesihlabathi nenhlabathi engadini.

Iphethini yokuhlwanyela:

1. Inhlabathi ibekwa ezitsheni ezivulekile ezingajulile.
2. Imbewu isatshalaliswa ngokulingana ngaphandle kokungcwatshwa.
3. Ukuhlwanyela kufafazwe kancane ngesihlabathi ngaphezulu.
4. Ukuhlwanyela kuswakanyiswe kancane.
5. Iziqukathi zimbozwe ngocwecwe noma ingilazi.
6. I-greenhouse ishaya umoya nsuku zonke.
7. Ukushisa komoya - kufika ku-27 ° С.
8. Ngokushesha nje lapho amahlumela okuqala edabula, ingilazi iyasuswa.
9. Ukukhanya kukhanya.
10. Izithombo ziyacwiliswa ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu kuya kwayi-4 ezitsheni ezihlukile.

Ukukhula nokuzalanisa embhedeni wezimbali

I-Espostoa ihlukaniswa ngokwanda okuncane, ikhula kancane, abalimi bavame ukuyixhuma esiqwini esinamandla saseCereus nakwamanye amaswidi amakhulu. Ingxube enomsoco yenhlabathi ejwayelekile yesihlabathi kanye nesihlabathi isetshenziswa ku-flowerbed, ngesilinganiso esingu-2: 1. Amanzi ayengezwa emgodini ngamunye - izingcezu zamatshe noma izitini, izingcezu zemabula. Ungondla imbali ngesisombululo esibuthakathaka se-mullein.

Ama-nuances wezimbali

Izimbali zivela ku-cephalius eyakhiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaphezulu kwesiqu... Izimbali zinjenge-funnel, zikhulu kakhulu, ziyi-5 - 8 cm ubude. Umbala wezimbali ubomvana noma umhlophe (funda nge-cacti enezimbali ezibomvana lapha).

Okubalulekile! Isici sokuqhakaza kwezimbali ukuthi izimbali uqobo ziyaqhakaza, njengomthetho, ebusuku.

Yini okufanele uyenze uma amahlumela engabonakali?

Umjikelezo wokukhula konyaka wesitshalo kufanele ubonwe. Qinisekisa ukugcina isikhathi sokulala, udlulisele imbali endaweni epholile. Ebusika, ukukhanya okuhle nokugcinwa okomile kufanele kunikezwe ukukhuthaza ukwakheka kwamahlumela.

Abakwa-Florists bayakuqaphela lokho ekhaya, u-Espostoa nabalandeli bakhe abaxubile abavamile ukuqhakaza.

Izifo nezinambuzane

1. Ukubola kwesiqu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuchichima. Kudinga ukusikwa kweziqu ezinegciwane, ukufakelwa kabusha kwembali, ukufaka esikhundleni sokuhlanganiswa kokubhaka.
2. Ukufakwa kukalamula esikhunjeni sezinwele kungumphumela womoya omile nomswakama ophezulu. Ukunisela kufanele kumiswe izinsuku eziyi-7 kuya kwezingu-10. Izimbiza ziyiswa endaweni elula nokufudumele.
3. Ukwelashwa kwe-substrate nokufafaza isiqu ngesisombululo se-actara noma i-phytoverm kuzosiza ukuqeda izibungu zesicabucabu, ama-mealybugs.
4. Ukwelashwa kwezihlahla nge-biotlin noma amanye ama-fungicides kuzosiza kusuka kuma-aphid.

Izimbali ezifanayo

• I-Espostoa iyamangalisa (Espostoa mirabilis) ikhula njengesihlahla esifana nesihlahla. Iziqu zilula, ziluhlaza ngombala ompunga. Izinsipho - izinaliti ezincane.
• I-Espostoa senile (Espostoa senilis) ikhula ifike kumamitha amabili ukuphakama. Imisipha inoboya, imhlophe. Izimbali zinokhilimu futhi ziqhakaza ebusuku kuphela.
• U-Escobaria dasyacantha var. UChaffeyi ubuye abe "nengubo" emfushane. Izinsipho zezinaliti, ezifika ku-2 cm.
• Escobaria Schneda (Escobaria sneedii) ikhula ngezigaba zeziqu. Izimbambo ziyindilinga. Imisipha imhlophe, iminyene.
• I-Escobaria spiny obukhulu (Escobaria dasyacantha). Isiqu sinwetshiwe, size sifike ku-7 cm ububanzi. Imisipha iqine, yinde, ifinyelela ku-1.5 cm ubude. Izimbali zibomvana.

I-Espostoa yimbali yasehlane, iqinile futhi ayinamqondo. Ugcina yonke imithetho yokunakekelwa, ungakhula ngokuhlobisa okunempilo okunama-fluffy exotic ngesikhathi esifushane.

Sikumema ukuthi ubuke ividiyo emayelana nokunakekela i-cacti yohlobo lwe-Espostoa:

Bukela ividiyo: Adan konka ku jeclahay jeclahay waaw new jacyl 2020 (Julayi 2024).