IBraga - inhloko-dolobha yenkolo yasePortugal

IBraga (iPortugal) yidolobha lasendulo, elingokwenkolo, umlando walo oqhubeke iminyaka eyizinkulungwane ezimbili. Ngalesi sikhathi, amaCelt, amaBroker, amaRoma namaMoor ayehlala edolobheni. Kulapha lapho kwazalwa khona inkosi yokuqala yamaPutukezi, u-Afonso Henriques. Abantu bendawo bahlukaniswa yi-conservatism nokuzinikela, akumangazi ukuthi iBraga ithathwa njengesikhungo senkolo sasePortugal, nansi indawo yokuhlala yombhishobhi. Idolobha linemicimbi eminingi yezenkolo, kanti phakathi nesonto lePhasika, ama-altare ayamiswa futhi ahlotshiswe emigwaqweni.

Isithombe: Braga (Portugal).

Ulwazi oluvamile

Idolobha laseBraga ePortugal liyisikhungo sesifunda nomasipala wegama elifanayo. Kutholwe ngamakhilomitha angama-50 ukusuka ePorto, emgodini ophakathi kwemifula i-Esti neKavadu. Bangaphezu kuka-137 abayizinkulungwane abantu abantu abahlala lapha nezinkulungwane eziyi-174 kufaka phakathi yonke le nhlangano.

Ensimini yeBraga, abantu bahlala ngekhulu lesi-3 BC, ngaleso sikhathi izizwe zaseCelt zazihlala lapha. Kamuva, ngekhulu le-14 AD, amaRoma azinza lapha, owasungula idolobha elibizwa ngeBrakara Augusta. AmaRoma axoshwa kule ndawo ngabantu abangahambisani nalokho, esikhundleni sabo kwangena amaMoor. Ngekhulu le-11, iBraga yaba ngaphansi kolawulo lwamaPutukezi, kwathi ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-16 yathola isikhundla sokuba yidolobha lababhishobhi abakhulu.

IBraga ibizwa ngeRoma yamaPutukezi, njengoba idolobha laliyinhloko-dolobha yesifundazwe saseRoma iGalletia.

Ngaphandle kwesikhungo senkolo, iBraga iyunivesithi neyedolobha lezimboni. Futhi lapha ungathola inani elanele lezindawo zokudlela, imigoqo nama-nightclub.

Ukubukwa kweBraga kuchazwe ku-athikili ehlukile, kepha lapha sizokhuluma ngombala wedolobha nokuthi ungafika kanjani kuwo.

Imibala yeBraga - imikhosi nokuzijabulisa

Ngaphandle kokukholelwa kwabo nokuzinikela, abantu bendawo bajabule kakhulu futhi bathanda ukuphumula kangako nokusebenza. Idolobha liba nemibukiso, amasiko athakazelisayo namaholide.

Usuku lweNkululeko

Iholide likazwelonke ligujwa minyaka yonke entwasahlobo - Ephreli 25 ezweni lonke. Ngalolu suku ku-1974, izinkulungwane zabantu abaphethe izikhumba ezibomvu ezandleni zabo bathatha imigwaqo yenhlokodolobha bechitha umbuso wamaFascist ka-Antonio Salazar. Banikeza amasosha izimbali ukuze athole izikhali.

Inguquko ithathwa njengengenagazi, yize kwafa abantu abane. Kwaphela iminyaka emibili, kube nezinguquko emhlabeni jikelele ePortugal, umbuso wawushintsha. Kusukela lapho, u-Ephreli 25 wusuku olubaluleke kakhulu emlandweni wombuso. Lo mkhosi ujabulile futhi muhle kakhulu, emadolobheni amaningi asePortugal kubanjwa ukulwa nezinkunzi, okuthi, ngokufana nenguquko, nakho kungabi naligazi. Ngokungafani nokulwa kwezinkunzi kwaseSpain, lapho i-matador ibulala khona isilwane, ePortugal inkunzi isaphila.

Iphasika

Uma kubhekwa ukuthi idolobha laseBraga liyisikhungo senkolo sezwe, kunakwa ngokukhethekile amaholide esonto lapha. NgoLwesihlanu Oluhle, imigwaqo yedolobha iyaguqulwa futhi ifane nendawo yokuhlala yangenkathi ephakathi. Abantu bendawo abagqoke izingubo ezindala baphuma namathoshi. Ama-pilgrim agqoke izembatho ezifakwe izigqoko ezimnyama ahamba ezitaladini. Izivakashi nezivakashi zedolobha zikhonjiswa imidlalo yaseshashalazini ezingqikithini zeBhayibheli.

Idili likaJohane uMbhapathizi

Lolu suku lugujwa ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kepha imikhosi eyinhloko ibanjwa ebusuku kusukela ngomhla ka-23 kuya ku-24 Juni. Emibhalweni, ukukhuluma okokuqala ngamaholidi kubuyela emuva ngekhulu le-14, kepha izazi-mlando zisikisela ukuthi imikhosi yenziwa phambilini.

Usuku lukaJohane uMbhapathizi lugujwa edolobheni ngokubabazekayo nangesilinganiso esikhulu. Imigwaqo ihlotshisiwe, ngokunakekelwa okukhethekile okukhokhelwe engxenyeni yomlando yeBraga. Izakhamizi zendawo zibuthana osebeni lwe-Eshti, imidlalo yeshashalazi emayelana ne-Baptism of the Lord ibanjelwa epaki nasendleleni enkulu. Ngalobu busuku, abantu bendawo bayahlangana edolobheni laseBraga, bahamba yonke indlela, bedlala izinsimbi zomculo zasendulo.

Imikhosi ihambisana nemikhosi nokuphatha. Izivakashi zinikezwa ukuthi zizame ama-sardine othosiwe ngocezu lwesinkwa esimnyama, isobho leklabishi lendabuko kanye nesiphuzo ngewayini eliluhlaza.

NgoJuni 24, ama-ensembles adlula emigwaqweni yedolobha, amapulatifomu ahlotshiswe kahle, lapho kufakwa khona inani elikhulu labelusi neNkosi uDavid. Futhi phakathi kwezibalo kukhona abangcwele ababalulekile kuBraga - uPeter, uJohn no-Anthony wasePadua.

Encwadini! Uma isikhathi sivuma, hlola idolobha elincane laseGuimaraes eduze kwaseBraga. Yini ongayibona kuyo nokuthi kungani uhamba, funda le ndatshana.

Usuku Lokubuyiselwa Kwenkululeko

Igujwa minyaka yonke ngoDisemba 1, futhi ihlonishwa kakhulu ngabantu basePortugal. Isizukulwane esisha sinaka ngokukhethekile imikhosi; bahlela imibhikisho ngeziqhumane, amakhonsathi namaphathi anomsindo.

Usuku Lokukhulelwa Okungenacala

Lo mgubho wenziwa ngoDisemba 8. Abaningi bakudida ngokukhulelwa kukaJesu iNcasakazi uMariya. Eqinisweni, ebusika, i-Immaculate Conception yeMadonna uqobo igujwa eBraga. Ngokuhambisana nenkolelo, ukukhulelwa kweNtombi uMariya kwenzeka ngaphandle kwesono sokuqala, ngakho-ke uNkulunkulu wamsindisa esonweni sokuqala.

Usuku lukaDisemba 8 lwasethwa uPapa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-15, kusukela lapho lugujwa yiwo wonke amaKhatholika, kanti kwamanye amazwe lolu suku lubekwa njengosuku lokuphumula.

Iqiniso elithakazelisayo! IVirgin Mary ingumphathi wePortugal; imisa kanye nodwendwe lwenkolo lubanjwa emigwaqweni yawo wonke amadolobha. EBraga, enye yalezi zindlela ibizwa ngegama lokuhlonipha usuku olubalulekile - i-Avenue of the Immaculate Conception.

UKhisimusi

Leli yiholide elinomlando omude, amasiko akhiwe emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, amaningi abe yingxenye yesikhathi esedlule, kepha amasha ahlala njalo evela. Isibonelo, eBraga ngokuqinisekile uzokwelashwa ngengilazi yotshwala bakwaMuscatel. Into esemqoka ukukhumbula ubuqili balesi siphuzo esidakayo hhayi ukuhanjiswa ngotshwala. Sonke isikhathi sikaKhisimusi, iBraga inomculo okufanele ifane nawo, futhi imigwaqo yedolobha ikhumbuza amasethi ama-movie amahle.

Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi! Futhi eBraga, kugujwa uSuku Lomnyuziyamu Wamazwe Ngamazwe, ngaphakathi kohlaka okwenzelwa kulo isenzo - ubusuku obuseMnyuziyamu. Lo mcimbi uheha izivakashi, njengoba idolobha lineminyuziyamu eminingi enemibukiso yezemfundo namaqoqo.

Amathiphu awusizo kubavakashi

1. Khumbula ukuthi abantu bendawo abagcini isikhathi. Ngasikhathi sinye, izakhamizi zasePortugal zingabantu abasabelayo futhi abanomusa, abakulungele ukufeza isicelo sabavakashi, kepha hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi ngesikhathi okuvunyelwene ngaso.
2. Uma uzodla isidlo sakusihlwa, khumbula ukuthi cishe zonke izindawo zokudlela nezindawo zokudlela ezinhle zivalwa ngo-22-00. Ukuze udle kamuva, kuzofanele ubheke isikhungo esilungele ukwamukela izivakashi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
3. IBraga irekhode ngokusemthethweni izinga lobulelesi eliphansi kunazo zonke ePortugal, noma kunjalo, ngesixuku esikhulu sabantu, kungcono ukuhlala uqaphile futhi ugcina izimpahla zakho zikhona njalo. Akunconywa futhi ukuthi ufake izinto ezibalulekile emaphaketheni akho lapho usuzogibela izithuthi zomphakathi.
4. Uma ujwayele ukuhlala ngokunethezeka ngenkathi usohambweni, naka izinqaba zasendulo ezithola izivakashi namuhla. Kunamakamelo alungele umndeni wasebukhosini, kepha inani lamahhotela anjalo lincane futhi udinga ukubhuka indawo kuwo emasontweni ambalwa ngaphambi kohambo.
5. Emadolobheni asePutukezi, neBraga ayiyona into ehlukile, kuyisiko ukushiya amathiphu ezindaweni zokudla, osomatekisi nasehhotela. Inani lomholo, njengomthetho, lisuka ku-5 kuye ku-10% wenani eliphelele, kepha hhayi ngaphansi kwama-euro angama-0.5.
6. Uma uhlela ukuzungeza idolobha ngemoto, qaphela njengoba abashayeli bendawo bengakujwayele ukulandela imithetho emigwaqeni. Abesabi ngisho nokuhlawuliswa ngemali ngokwephula umthetho.
7. Ngaso sonke isikhathi phatha ipasipoti noma noma yimuphi umbhalo oqinisekisa ubuwena, kodwa kungcono ukugcina ubucwebe nemali egumbini lokugcina elikhethekile, zikuwo wonke amahhotela.
8. Ezitolo ezinkulu nezindawo zokudlela ezibizayo, ungakhokha ngekhadi lesikweletu. Ezimakethe ezizenzekelayo nasezitolo zezikhumbuzo eziseBraga, ungathenga izimpahla ngemali kuphela, ngenkathi ungaxoxisana, kungenzeka ukuthi uzokwazi ukunciphisa intengo.

Amaqiniso Athandekayo

1. Kunenganekwane ngokusho kukaSanta Peter owayengumbhishobhi wokuqala waseBraga eminyakeni engu-50-60 AD. Kodwa-ke, izazi-mlando eziningi zibiza leli qiniso njengephutha. Ngempela, umbhishobhi wokuqala wedolobha kwakunguPeter, kepha lo mpristi wazalelwa eRatish futhi waphila cishe ngekhulu le-11 AD.
2. Izinsimbi eziphonswa eBraga zaziwa ngomsindo wazo ocacile futhi ocacile. Amasonto amakhulu amaningi adumile a-oda izinsimbi eBraga. Izinsimbi ezivela kuleli dolobha lasePortugal zifakwe e-Notre Dame Cathedral.
3. Isigodlo sombhishobhi omkhulu sinomtapo wolwazi omdala kunayo yonke ePortugal, oqukethe imibhalo yesandla engu-10 000 nezincwadi ezibalulekile ezingama-300,000.
4. Izinkonzo kuwo wonke amasonto aleli dolobha zibanjwa ngokwamasiko amabili - iRoma Katolika neBrag.
5. Iqembu lebhola lezinyawo iBraga libe ngelesine kuChampionship Championship amasizini amahlanu elandelana, kusukela ngo-2014/15 kuya ku-2018/19. Kepha iqembu alikaze linqobe

Ungafika kanjani eBraga

Kusuka ePorto

1. Ngesitimela

Izitimela zabagibeli ezisuka ePorto zishiya izikhathi eziyi-1-3 ngehora. Izindleko zethikithi elijwayelekile ngama-3.25 euros, kwezinye izitimela ezisuka ku-12 kuye kuma-23 euros. Isikhathi sohambo -
kusuka kumizuzu engama-38 kuye ehoreni eli-1 imizuzu eyi-16

Izitimela zihamba zisuka esiteshini saseCampanha, kuthi ezokuqala zibe ngo-6: 20 ekuseni bese kuthi ezokugcina kube ngo-0: 50 ekuseni. Amathikithi abiza kakhulu angathengwa kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni: www.cp.pt. Okushibhile kunanoma yiliphi ihhovisi lamathikithi wesitimela.

Ungathatha futhi isitimela usuka esiteshini sasePorto (Sao Bento). Indiza yokuqala ihamba ngo-6-15 ekuseni, eyokugcina ngo-1-15 ekuseni. Imvamisa kusuka emaminithini ayi-15 kuye kwangama-60. Awukwazi ukuthenga ithikithi nge-Intanethi, kufanele kwenziwe khona lapho.

2. Ngebhasi


Ukusuka ePorto, uhambo lwebhasi luthatha cishe ihora elilodwa. Intengo yamathikithi isuka kuma-euro ayisithupha kuya kwayi-12. Amabhasi agijima ngezikhathi zemizuzu engu-15 kuya ehoreni phakathi kuka-8: 30 ekuseni no-11: 30 ntambama. Kukhona nezindiza eziningana zasebusuku - ezisuka ngo-1: 30, 3: 45 4: 15 no-4: 30.

Ukuthuthwa kwabagibeli kwenziwa yinkampani iRede Expressos. Bheka ishejuli nezindleko kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni - rede-expressos.pt.

Indawo yokufika: Campo 24 de Agosto, nº 125.

3. Ngetekisi

Ukudluliswa kwezindiza kungabhukwa. Kulokhu, uzohlangatshezwa ehholo lesikhumulo sezindiza ngophawu. Izindleko zohambo zizoba phezulu impela, kepha ukugibela amatekisi kuyabiza kuwo wonke amazwe aseYurophu.

4. Ngemoto

Ngokunikezwa kwezimo ezinhle kakhulu zomgwaqo, uhambo olusuka ePorto luye eBraga luzophenduka uhambo olujabulisayo. Thatha umgwaqo omkhulu u-A3 / IP1.

Qaphela! Uyini umuzi wasePorto namaqiniso athakazelisayo ngawo ozowathola kuleli khasi.

Qhathanisa amanani entengo yokuhlala usebenzisa leli Fomu

Kusuka eLisbon

1. Ngesitimela

Kusuka eLisbon, izitimela ezibheke eBraga zilandela kusuka esiteshini sesitimela saseSanta Apolonia. Indiza yokuqala ingo-7: 00, eyokugcina ingo-20: 00. Imvamisa - kusuka emizuzwini engu-30 kuye emahoreni ama-2, sezizonke kunezindiza eziyi-15 ngosuku. Uhambo luthatha amahora ayi-3.5 kuye kwayi-5.5. Intengo yamathikithi angama-24 - 48 euros, ungayithenga kuwebhusayithi ethi www.cp.pt noma ehhovisi lamathikithi wesitimela.

2. Ngebhasi


Kusuka enhlokodolobha kungafinyelelwa ngamahora we-4.5 ngesithwali seReede Expressos (www.rede-expressos.pt). Amabhasi ahamba izikhathi eziyi-15 ngosuku kusuka ngo-6: 30 ekuseni kuya ku-10 ntambama nango-1: 00 ekuseni. Intengo yamathikithi isuka kuma-euro angama-20.9.

Indawo yokuhamba: Gare do Oriente (Av. Dom João II, 1990 Lisboa).

Ungayisebenzisa kanjani i-Lisbon metro bona le ndatshana, nokuthi iyiphi indawo yedolobha okungcono ukuhlala kuyo - lapha.

Isiko le-gastronomic leBraga nalo linentshisekelo ethile kubavakashi; amasiko athakazelisayo okupheka asungulwe kule ngxenye yezwe. Kunezindawo eziningi zokudlela ezinhle nezindawo zokudlela ezitaladini zedolobha lapho unganambitha khona ukudla kwasendaweni. Ama-gourmets wangempela akhetha ukudla ezindaweni zokubhaka zezindela. Abantu bendawo baqinisekisa ukuthi abapheki abasezigodlweni zezindela bazoncintisana kalula nabapheki bezindawo zokudlela ezihamba phambili.

IBraga (iPortugal) yidolobha elisengxenyeni esenyakatho yezwe lapho okwedlule nokwamanje kuhlangana khona ngomlingo; kubhekwa ngokufanele ukuthi yinhle kakhulu. Idolobha lihlukile ngokuhluka kwalo - emini liyamangaza ngenkolo yalo nangesithombe samaGothic, kuthi ebusuku linikeze izivakashi impilo ehluke ngokuphelele - enesiphepho, ejabulayo. Kule ndawo yedolobha kunamathempeli namasonto angaphezu kwama-300, izindonga zawo ezimhlophe njengeqhwa nezakhiwo eziwubukhazikhazi zakha izindawo ezinhle impela.

Izintengo ekhasini zingezikaJanuwari 2020.

Ungafika kanjani eBraga usuka ePorto ngesitimela nokuthi yini ongayibona edolobheni ngosuku olulodwa iboniswa kule vidiyo.

Bukela ividiyo: Bacalhau Braga Style Portuguese Codfish. Seafood in Portugal (May 2024).