Umlingo wama-orchid aphuzi: ubuqili bokunakekelwa kwezimbali nezithombe zezinhlobonhlobo eziyinhloko
Ezinhlobonhlobo eziphawulekayo zemibala ye-orchid, yizitshalo ezinezimbali ezinombala ophuzi ezivelela ukuvela kwazo nokuheha kwazo.
I-orchid ephuzi ingeyezinhlobo ezixubekile zezitshalo futhi ikhululekile kakhulu ukukhula endaweni yasekhaya.
Esihlokweni, sizobheka ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zezimbali, sifunde umlando wabafuyi, futhi sithole nokuthi yiziphi izinambuzane ezingakwazi ukuhlasela i-orchid ephuzi.
Ziyini lezi zimbali?
Incazelo yezinhlobo
Lolu hlobo emvelweni lukhula ngqo ezihlahleni, olusebenzisa esikhundleni sokwesekwa. Izimpande zawo zilenga emoyeni bese zimunca amanzi kuwo. I-orchid ephuzi idla izinsalela zezitshalo ezibolileukuthi buthelela ku-cortex.
Incazelo yokubukeka
I-orchid ephuzi ibonakala ngokuqhakaza okude, okunephunga elimnandi kakhulu, amacembe anombala woju anemibala ehlukahlukene, ama-sepals anesiponji maphakathi bobunjwa nemibala eyahlukahlukene, indawo yokuhambisa impova ngqo.
Amaqabunga anesikhumba futhi abanzi, asondele ekubunjweni okuyindilinga, okwenza isitshalo singadingi ukukhanya kangako. I-orchid yasendlini ibhekwa njengesitshalo esincane futhi nge-peduncle ifinyelela cishe kuhhafu wemitha.
Inkomba! Izimbali ezinakekelwa kahle zingahlala ezinyangeni ezi-5-6. Ngalesi sikhathi, izimbali ezingafika ku-60 zingavela ku-peduncle.
Isithombe
Nazi izithombe ezinhle kakhulu zembali enemibala enemibala emsulwa:
Izinhlobo ezinelamula
Ama-nzalo aphuzi athandwayo:
- I-Phalaenopsis Golden Mary.
- I-Phalaenopsis Emerald.
- IJamaika, iGolide.
- I-Trivento.
Umlando wokuzala
Izwe lakubo - izindawo ezishisayo zaseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Ngokwemvelo, kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingamashumi ayisithupha zalesi sitshalo. I-orchid yaziwa isayensi kusukela ngekhulu leshumi nesikhombisa.yize igama lanamuhla lanikwa lona ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye nguKarl Blume (umqondisi weLeiden Botanical Garden). Ubalule ngqo ukufana kwale mibala nezimvemvane, ehlola izindawo ezishisayo zaseMalaysia ngezibonakude.
Isinyathelo ngesinyathelo imfundo
Ukunakekela
I-orchid enhle ilula kakhulu ukuyinakekela. Ukuzizwa kuhle ebhodweni elingenambala nge-substrate ekhethekile, okwenza kube lula ukugcina amanzi esitshalweni, kungasiza izimpande ziphefumule, futhi kungabi muncu. Ekwenziweni kwenhlabathi enjalo ekhaya, kusetshenziswa ikhasi likaphayini, i-sphagnum peat namalahle.
Iseluleko! Ukufakwa komanyolo kwenzeka ngemuva kokuqhakaza kwesitolo sokuqala ukuqeda ukomiswa kwezimbali okungalindelekile.
Ukufakelwa kaningi akudingeki, kanye kuphela eminyakeni emibili. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kungcono ukuhlola uhlelo lwempande bese ususa izimpande ezivilaphayo ezigulayo ngommese okhombe. Izindawo zokusikeka ziyalinywa ngamalahle noma isulfure ukugwema ukubola.
Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise amafomula akhethekile ama-orchid.... Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi inani eliningi ngokweqile likamanyolo lingadala imiphumela emibi futhi esikhundleni sesitshalo sezimbali esinempilo, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole obuthakathaka futhi ongenampilo.
Lezi zimbali zikhula futhi zakhe isimo sokushisa, umswakama nezimo zokukhanyisa ekhaya. Yize zibhekwa njengezitshalo ezithanda ukukhanya, zingenza ngaphandle kokukhanyisa okuqinile, ngokuba ngemuva kwegumbi. Ukukhula kungenzeka ngisho nangaphansi kokukhanya okufakelwayo.
Indawo ekhethwe kakhulu kumafasitela abheke ngqo entshonalanga, empumalanga. Kubalulekile futhi ukunaka ukuthi imisebe eqondile ehlobo ingadala ukusha esitshalweni futhi inikele ekubonakaleni kwamabala ansundu emaqabungeni.
Ukunisela isitshalo kwanele izikhathi ezimbili ngesonto., Kunconywa ukuthi uthele amanzi ku-pallet. Kulokhu, kufanele uqaphele ngokucophelela umbala nesimo sesistimu yezimpande. Endaweni yokuhlala ejwayelekile, izimpande zinombala oluhlaza ovezwe ngokugqamile.
Umbala wesiliva ukhombisa ukuntuleka komswakama, bese kuthi imbiza yembali ifakwe esitsheni ngamanzi ihora noma amahora amabili, kepha-ke, ama-peduncles anezimbali emanzini akufanele abe njalo. Ngakho-ke, umbala onsundu onsundu wezimpande ukhombisa umswakama okweqile futhi lokhu kungadala ukubola kwezimpande.
Ezikhathini ezishisayo, kungcono ukufafaza isitshalo ngokuya ngezinga lokushisa... Ama-orchid akhula kahle ekamelweni lokushisa unyaka wonke. Lezi zimbali azinaso isikhathi esishiwoyo sokulala. Ebusika, badinga ukwehla okuncane kwezinga lokushisa elingu-20 ... + 15 C, hhayi phansi.
Okubalulekile! Izitshalo ezisemafasiteleni zivulekele umehluko wezinga lokushisa lama-5-6 degrees phakathi kwemini nobusuku.
Lokhu kweqa kwezinga lokushisa akulimazi isitshalo futhi kufaka isandla ekwakhekeni kwezimbali. Kodwa-ke, ngomehluko obonakala kakhulu, i-orchid ingahle ilahlekelwe, okuzoholela ekuguleni okukhulu nasekufeni okulandelayo.
Njengoba izimpande ze-orchid ziyeka ukumunca amanzi emazingeni okushisa aphansi, amaqabunga alahlekelwa ukuqina kwawo nemibimbi. Ngalesi sizathu, ukuze ulawule umbuso wokushisa kanye nekhono lokuphendula ngokushesha, kungcono ukubeka i-thermometer efasiteleni ebusika.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu
Njengabanye abameleli be-orchid ephuzi, udinga ukondla... Ngalokhu, kusetshenziswa omanyolo beqembu ababelwe ngqo ama-orchid. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kufakwa kanye nokunisela ngesikhathi sokukhula okunamandla nokukhula.
Dlulisa
Ukufakelwa kokuqala kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva kokuthenga imbali esitolo. Kodwa-ke, okokuqala kufanele kudlule isikhathi sokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha, cishe isonto elilodwa noma amabili i-orchid isakhula ebhodweni lesitolo. Ngenhloso yokufaka kabusha, izimbiza zezimbali ezinezimbobo zamanzi.
Uhlobo olulunge kakhulu kuzoba imbiza yepulasitiki engenambala. Kule mbiza, izimpande zibonakala ngokucacile, lapho kungenzeka khona ukusungula, uma kunesidingo sokunisela isitshalo.
Kungenzeka ukuthenga ingxube yenhlabathi eyenziwe ngomumo yama-orchid njenge-substrate., noma zenzele wena. I-substrate kufanele ibe lula, i-hygroscopic futhi igcwale ngokuphelele emoyeni nasemanzini. Ngalesi sizathu, amagxolo esihlahla ngokuqinisekile afakiwe ekwakhiweni kwawo, kungenzeka ukuthatha izingcezu zikaphayini, amalahle. Kungenzeka ukuvala ibhodwe kusuka phezulu nge-moss.
Ama-orchid atshalwa njalo eminyakeni embalwa, njengoba ibhodwe ligcwele izimpande. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziphuthumayo, akufanele ulinde isikhathi eside kangako. Amacala anjalo afaka ukuma, ukutholakala kwamanzi noma ukuhlukaniswa kwangaphambilini kwe-substrate othulini.
Iseluleko! Ngaphambi kokufaka kabusha, ibhola lomhlaba liyomiswa. Bese beyikhipha ebhodweni bese behlanza ngobumnene izimpande. Ngemuva kokuhlola izimpande ngobukhona bezinto ezibolile, ezifile, ukususwa kwazo, i-orchid iyatshalwa.
Okulandelayo, ungabuka ividiyo ekhombisa ukufakelwa kabusha kwale-orchid:
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Kungenzeka ukuthi kuzalwe ama-orchid ngamahlumela.... Zivame ukuboshwa, zibe nomthamo omncane bese zingamili, ngaphandle kwalapho kusetshenziswa ukhunta olukhethekile lwe-symbiotic. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kuyadingeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe indlela yokuhlukanisa indawo esetshenziswayo, kusetshenziswa ukusika noma ukhula kwezingane, ukuze kutholakale enye i-orchid ephuzi oyithandayo.
Ukuthi lezi zindlela zisho ukuthini, kungenzeka ukuthi uthole okunye futhi umane uzisebenzisele wena:
- Izingane zidalwa kuma-axils amaqabunga e-rosette yangempela, kanye naku-peduncle. Ngokwenzeka kwabo, kungenzeka ukuvusa kancane i-orchid - ukwandisa usuku olukhanyayo, bese usebenzisa ukwehla kokushisa okusheshayo.
- Ukusika kwenzeka ngemuva kokuvela kwamaqabunga amabili eqiniso nezimpande zasemoyeni, bese zihlukaniswa ngokucophelela ukuze zingonakali, bese zibekwa endlini yokugcina ukushisa ukuze zilinde ukhula lwenkohlakalo. Ukuze kukhuliswe, kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe ama-catalysts, noma umane ubeke ingane eduze kwesitsha lapho amanzi ekhona, ngemuva kwalokho ngokuqinisekile izoqala ukwelula.
Indlela yokusika yenza kube lula ukuthola ngokushesha inani elikhulu lezithombo. Amahlumela abesephelile phambilini anqunywa abe yizicucu, ngalinye kufanele libe nehlumela uqobo, futhi izingxenye ngokuqinisekile ziyimpuphu yamalahle achotshoziwe. Ama-cuttings abekwe endaweni yokugcina izithombo lapho kunomswakama ophezulu, okushisa okucishe kube ngu-25 ºС.
Ukwahlukaniswa ngama-rosettes kusetshenziswa kakhulu kakhulu, ikakhulukazi ezihlahleni ezinkulu futhi eziqinile. Lesi sitshalo sinqunywa ngesikele sokuthena, izimpande, ezilimele, zifafazwa ngempuphu yamalahle ukuvimbela ukubola.
Izinambuzane nezifo
Njengazo zonke izitshalo, i-orchid ngezinye izikhathi ihlaselwa izinambuzane... Okuthandwa kakhulu ngama-thrips, ama-mealybugs nama-aphid. Lapho zenzeka, imbali iqala igezwe ngqo ngaphansi kweshawa, bese ihlwanyelwa ngamakhemikhali akhethekile.
Isiphetho
Akunzima ukunakekela ama-orchid, uma usebenzisa yonke imigomo, uphathe ngokucophelela imbali, khona-ke kungekudala izonikeza izimbali zikanokusho, eziphuzi ezizojabulisa abanikazi isikhathi eside.
I-orchid ephuzi isitshalo esihle sasendlini sabo bobabili abaqalayo nabanolwazi bezimbali. Imbali ekhangayo, engathandeki, ejabulisa ukuqhakaza unyaka wonke - isifiso sayo yonke inkosikazi nokuziqhenya kwendlu.