TOP 10 amadolobha ahlanzekile emhlabeni
Inkinga yokungcoliswa kwemvelo kudala yaba ku-ajenda: ososayensi abavela kuwo wonke umhlaba bazwakala bekhala futhi becela ukuthi kuthathwe izinyathelo ezidingekayo zokuvikela imvelo nomoya. Amagesi okukhipha, amathani kadoti, ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwamanzi nezinsizakusebenza zamandla - zonke lezi zinto zihamba kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile ziholela isintu enhlekeleleni yezemvelo yomhlaba. Kodwa-ke, kunezindaba ezinhle: namuhla kunamadolobhakazi amaningi, iziphathimandla zawo ezisebenzisa wonke amandla azo ekugcineni imvelo enempilo nokwenza imisebenzi emisha yokunciphisa ukungcola komkhathi. Ngakho-ke yimuphi umuzi ofanelwe yisiqu esithi "idolobha elihlanzeke kunawo wonke emhlabeni"?
10.Singapore
Umugqa weshumi phezulu kwamadolobha ahlanzekile emhlabeni uthathwa yidolobha laseSingapore. Le dolobha enkulu enezakhiwo ezingajwayelekile zesikhathi esizayo kanye nesondo elikhulu kunawo wonke leFerris emhlabeni ivakashelwa yizigidi zezivakashi minyaka yonke. Yize ukugeleza okukhulu kwabavakashi, iSingapore ikwazi ukugcina amazinga ayo enhlanzeko futhi ihambisane nezimfuneko ezisunguliwe. Esikhathini esiningi lo mbuso ubizwa nge- "City of Prohibitions", futhi kunezizathu ezizwakalayo zalokhu.
Kunemithetho eqinile ebekiwe yokuqinisekisa inhlanzeko esezingeni eliphakeme, esebenza ngokulinganayo kuzakhamizi nakwabezinye izizwe. Isibonelo, amaphoyisa angakuhlawulisa isamba semali uma uphonsa udoti endaweni yomphakathi, ukhafule amathe, ubheme, uhlafune ushungamu noma udle ezokuthutha zomphakathi. Inhlawulo ezimeni ezinjalo iqala ku- $ 750 futhi ingafika ezinkulungwaneni zamaRandi. Akumangalisi ukuthi iSingapore iphakathi kwamadolobha ayishumi ahlanzeke kakhulu emhlabeni.
9. ICuritiba
ICuritiba, eseningizimu yeBrazil, ingelinye lamadolobha ahlanzekile emhlabeni. Kuyaziwa ngezinga eliphakeme lokuphila futhi kuvame ukubizwa kwabezindaba njenge- "Brazilian Europe". Njengomunye wamadolobha achuma kakhulu eBrazil, iCuritiba ingcwatshwe ngokoqobo endaweni eluhlaza futhi igcwele amapaki amaningi. Ngenxa yezimo ezinjalo, ibalwa ngokufanele phakathi kwamadolobha anobungani bemvelo emhlabeni.
Uphawu lweCuritiba selube yisihlahla esikhulu se-coniferous - i-araucaria, ekhula edolobheni ngobuningi, okunomphumela omuhle emvelweni wayo wonke. Iqhaza elibalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono izinga lokuhlanzeka edolobheni elikhulu, kufaka phakathi nasemijondolo yasendaweni, kwakuwuhlelo lokushintshanisa udoti ngokudla nangohambo lwamahhala. Lokhu kuvumele iziphathimandla zikamasipala ukuthi zisindise iCuritiba enqwabeni yamathini noplastiki. Namuhla ngaphezu kwe-70% yemfucuza yasemadolobheni ikhonjelwe ukusatshalaliswa nokuvuselelwa kabusha.
8. IGeneva
Ukuba ngelinye lamadolobha adume kakhulu eSwitzerland, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi inhlokodolobha yomhlaba, iGeneva ihlukaniswa ngezinga eliphakeme lemvelo nokuphepha. Akumangazi ukuthi yafakwa ohlwini lwamadolobha ahlanzeke kakhulu emhlabeni: phela, kulapha lapho iqembu lezinkampani zomhlaba, iGeneva Environment Network, lisungula izindlela ezintsha zokuvikela imvelo.
Idume ngobuciko bayo obuyingqayizivele namathafa amahle emvelo, iGeneva sekuyisikhathi eside inqobile uthando lwezivakashi. Kepha ngaphandle kokugcwala kakhulu kuleli dolobha, izinga lokungcola liphansi kakhulu. Iziphathimandla zendawo ziqapha ngokucophelela imingcele yokuhlanzeka ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni futhi zikhuthaze ngenkuthalo ukuthuthukiswa okusha kwemvelo.
7. I-Vienna
Inhlokodolobha yase-Austria yamukelwa yinkampani yezokwazisa yamazwe omhlaba iMercer njengedolobha elinezinga eliphakeme lokuphila. Kepha kungenzeka kanjani ukuthi idolobha elikhulu kangaka elinabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1.7 ligcine ukusebenza okuhle kwemvelo? Lokhu kwenzeke hhayi nje ngenxa yemizamo yeziphathimandla zedolobha, kodwa futhi ngenxa yesikhundla somthwalo wabahlali bezwe.
IVienna idume ngamapaki nezindawo ezigcinwayo, futhi isikhungo sayo nendawo ezungezile akunakucatshangwa ngaphandle kwezindawo eziluhlaza, okuthi, ngokwemininingwane emisha, zimboze u-51% wensimu yedolobha. Ikhwalithi ephezulu yamanzi, uhlelo lwamapayipi athuthukiswe kahle, ukusebenza kahle kwezemvelo, kanye nokuphathwa kwemfucuza okusebenzayo kwavumela inhlokodolobha yase-Austria ukuthi ifakwe ohlwini lwamadolobha ahlanzeke kakhulu emhlabeni ngonyaka we-2017.
6. IReykjavik
Njengenhlokodolobha yelinye lamazwe ahlanzekile emhlabeni, i-Iceland, iReykjavik isibe ngelinye lamadolobha ahlanzeke kakhulu emhlabeni. Lesi simo senziwa lula yizinyathelo zikahulumeni ezisebenzayo zokuhlaza indawo yayo, kanye nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesikhutha emkhathini. Ngenxa yale mizamo, akukho ukungcola eReykjavik.
Kepha iziphathimandla zenhlokodolobha yase-Iceland azihlosile ukuma lapho futhi zihlela ukuyiletha endaweni yokuqala ohlwini lwamadolobha ahlanzekile emhlabeni ngo-2040. Ukuze benze lokhu, bathathe isinqumo sokwakha kabusha ngokuphelele ingqalasizinda yeReykjavik ukuze zonke izinhlangano nezikhungo ezidingekayo zibe sebangeni lokuhamba, okuzonciphisa inani labashayeli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuhlelwe ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto ezisebenzisa ugesi namabhayisikili, kanye nokwandisa ukunothiswa kwedolobha.
5. UHelsinki
Inhlokodolobha yaseFinland itholakala enkabazwe yamadolobha ethu ahlanzekile kakhulu emhlabeni ngo-2017. IHelsinki idolobha elikhula ngokushesha ogwini lweGulf of Finland, kanti u-30% wendawo yedolobha elikhulu ulwandle. IHelsinki idume ngamanzi ayo aphezulu okuphuza, angena ezindlini esuka emhubheni omkhulu wentaba. La manzi kukholakala ukuthi ahlanzeke kakhulu kunamanzi asemabhodleleni.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kuzo zonke izifunda zaseHelsinki kunendawo yepaki enezikhala eziluhlaza. Ukwehlisa inani labashayeli bezimoto, uhulumeni wedolobha ukhuthaza abagibeli bamabhayisikili, abahlonyiselwe izindlela eziningi zamabhayisikili ezinobude obuphelele obungaphezulu kwamakhilomitha ayi-1 000. Abahlali basenhlokodolobha uqobo bazwela kakhulu ezindabeni zemvelo futhi benza yonke imizamo yokugcina indawo yedolobha ihlanzekile.
4. Honolulu
Kubonakala sengathi yona kanye indawo yenhlokodolobha yaseHawaii, iHonolulu, osebeni loLwandlekazi iPacific yakhelwe ukuqinisekisa ubumsulwa bomoya wayo. Kodwa kwakuyinqubomgomo yeziphathimandla zenhlokodolobha eyayivumela idolobha elikhulu ukuba libe ngelinye lamadolobha ahlanzeke kakhulu emhlabeni. Njengoba iHonolulu kade yathathwa njengendawo yezivakashi, ukwenza ngcono izindawo zomphakathi kanye nokugcina imvelo sekuyinto ephambili kuhulumeni.
Ukushiswa kwedolobha, ukulahlwa kwemfucuza ngendlela efanele, ukunciphisa inani lezimboni ezingcolisa imvelo, kufaka isandla ekwandeni kokusebenza kwemvelo enhlokodolobha. Isebenzisa amandla elanga nawomoya kahle ukukhiqiza ugesi ohlanzekile. Futhi izinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe zokuphinda zisetshenziswe zitholele iHonolul isihloko esizimele "sedolobha elingenadoti."
3. ICopenhagen
Inhlangano yamaNgisi i-The Economist Intelligence Unit yenze ucwaningo ngezihloko-dolobha ezingama-30 zaseYurophu ezingeni lezinkomba zemvelo, okuholele ekutheni iCopenhagen yamukelwe njengelinye lamadolobha ahlanzeke kakhulu eYurophu. Enhlokodolobha yaseDenmark, kubhalwe amazinga aphansi okuqoqwa kukadoti wasendlini, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwezomnotho kanye nokukhishwa okuncane kwamagesi ayingozi emkhathini. ICopenhagen inikezwe kaninginingi isikhundla sedolobha eliluhlaza kakhulu e-Europe.
Ubungani beCopenhagen kwezemvelo benziwe futhi bancipha ngokuncipha kwesibalo sabashayeli kanye nokwanda kwesibalo sabagibeli bamabhayisikili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaphiko omoya asetshenziswa ngenkuthalo ukwenza ugesi. Uhlelo olusebenza kahle lokulawulwa kwemfucuza nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yamanzi ngendlela eyongayo lwenze inhlokodolobha yaseDenmark yaba ngelinye lamadolobha ahlanzeke kakhulu hhayi eYurophu kuphela kodwa nasemhlabeni wonke.
2. IChicago
Kunzima ukukholelwa ukuthi isikhungo esikhulu kangaka sezezimali nezimboni njengeChicago esinabantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-2.7 singaba sohlwini lwamadolobha ahlanzeke kakhulu emhlabeni. Lokhu kwenziwa kwenzeke ngezindlela ezintsha ezisetshenziswa yiziphathimandla zase-US ukunciphisa imithombo yokungcola kwemvelo.
Ukushisa kwedolobha kwenziwa hhayi ngokwandiswa kwamapaki kuphela, kepha futhi ngenxa yezindawo eziluhlaza ophahleni lwamabhilidi anendawo ephelele engaphezu kwamamitha-skwele ayizinkulungwane eziyi-186. amamitha. Inethiwekhi yezokuthutha yomphakathi ecatshangelwe kahle iyasiza nokuvikela umoya ekungcolisweni, eyenzelwe ukugqugquzela izakhamizi ukuthi ziyeke ukusebenzisa izimoto bese zishintshela ezimotweni zasemadolobheni. IChicago impela ifanelwe indawo yesibili ohlwini lwethu. Kodwa yimuphi umuzi owaba ohlanzekile kunayo yonke emhlabeni? Impendulo isondele kakhulu!
1. IHamburg
Iqembu lezazi zemvelo ezinedumela elihle laqamba idolobha elihlanzeke kunawo wonke emhlabeni ngokuya ngemiphumela yocwaningo lwabo olunzulu. Waba idolobha elidumile laseJalimane iHamburg. Idolobha selizuze izinga eliphezulu lokusebenza kwemvelo sibonga inethiwekhi yezithuthi zomphakathi ethuthukile, eyenza ukuthi izakhamuzi zalo ziyeke ukusebenzisa izimoto ezizimele. Futhi ngenxa yalokhu, iziphathimandla zikwazile ukunciphisa kakhulu ukuphuma kwamagesi ayingozi emkhathini.
Thola AMANANI noma ubhukhe noma iyiphi indawo yokuhlala usebenzisa leli fomu
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinhlelo zokuvikela imvelo, uhulumeni minyaka yonke wabela ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-25, ingxenye yayo esetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa amaphrojekthi wokonga ugesi. IHamburg, njengedolobha elihlanzeke kakhulu emhlabeni, ayihlose ukulahlekelwa isikhundla sayo. Ngo-2050, iziphathimandla zedolobha zihlela ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesikhutha emkhathini ngamarekhodi angama-80%. Futhi ukuze kuzuzwe izinkomba ezinjalo, uhulumeni uthathe isinqumo sokwenza ngcono ingqalasizinda yedolobha nokuqhubekisela phambili izimoto zamabhayisikili nezikagesi.
Bame kanjani eHamburg nokuthi yini ekhethekile ngokuthuthuka kwayo - bukela ividiyo.